专题01名词-2022年高考英语二轮复习之语法经典练

这是一份专题01名词-2022年高考英语二轮复习之语法经典练，共13页。
专题01 名词（基础小题狂练+语法填空+短文改错：限时40分钟） 班级：___________姓名：___________ Exercise 1   单句语法填空在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.We all looked at him with _______________(curious), wondering why he dressed up for such an informal party.2.With everything done, we felt a sense of _______________ (achieve).3.I owe you an__________(apologize) for what I said this morning.4.As we had expected, _______________ (curious) drove Jim inside.5.He hates ________________ (violent) in any form.6.Having rid the company of heavy debts, the manager smiled with ____________ (satisfy).7.Crying is a sign of _______________ (weak).8.Today we have the _______________(free) to decide our own prospects.9.Their discussion turned out to be an _______________ (argue). 10.To my _____________ (amuse), I forgot my lines on the stage.11.Many of the children have been  ________, so we must do something to prevent  ________. (infect)12.Explosive  ________  have been left inside a container. (device)13.Only if a teacher gives ________(permit) is a student allowed to enter the teacher’s office.14.“The ________(major)of my patients come to me from out of town,” said the doctor.15.In the past few years, the city has changed a lot, which is almost beyond ________(recognize).16.One of the greatest challenges I faced was fear: fear of change, fear of making wrong  _________(decide) and fear of holding my point of view.17.Generally,  _________(students) inner motivation is essential to their development.18.Most  _________(company) offer different packages to meet customers' needs, and business is reportedly booming.19.Red represents  _________(strong) and bravery, white means virtue, and blue stands for hard work and justice.20.China, a major food importer, is looking for producers around the world to guarantee future food  __________(supply).21.They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and  __________(opportunity) to develop their own talents.22.It is said that it is a  __________(woman) task to care for the children, but families today tend to be small and with a year or two between children.23.Each morning they came with magazines, books and special  __________(treat).24.After an  __________(hour) drive, about 500 students arrived in the countryside and began to live, eat and work with the local people.25.Sunday was always our book-buying day and then we would sit side by side reading in  __________(silent).26.Many  __________(poem) come from particular historical periods, such as the poetry of the Tang Dynasty and the verse of Song Dynasty.27.The fact that he can't speak even one foreign language put him at a  __________(advantage) when he travelled abroad alone.28.Happiness lies not in the mere  ________(possess) of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort.29.We still remember their  ________(kind) and often send a warm wish their way.30.He had intended to go. But on second  ________(think), he gave up the idea.31.Most students attach great  ________(important) to forming the good habit of taking notes in class.32.As a result of the rising prices on house in top cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, local governments launched  ________(restrict) on house purchases last October.33.We are supposed to regard the class as our big family and try our best to take an active part in all our class  ________(activity).34.During that time, scientists believed that oral  ________(communicate) was necessary for abstract thought.35.Listening passively to others'  ________(complain) could damage your image and give others the impression that you agree with them.36.The story is based on a Richard Matheson novel, and this is its third film_____         .(adapt) 37.Her words were a great ___________(encourage) to them.38.As a kind and thoughtful teacher, she showed              （generous) in forgiving the faults of her students.39.After __________(graduate), he took up a job as a teacher.40.The harmful effects that smog can have on people's health are one of the top  _________(concern) of those who live in some cities.41.Suddenly, Papa appeared at the window and my heart leaped with surprise and  _________(relieve).42.For decades, he provided both the young and the old with adventure, confidence, strength,  _________(inspire), friendship and joy.43."This freight train is a  _________(reflect) of the achievements of trade," Chairman Timmy Feng told Reuters.44.The above views may or may not be correct. They are only for your  _________(refer).45.Some sports can be hard on the body and young athletes suffer serious  _________(injury) that follow them into adulthood.46.In 2018, the reform was expanded to eight provincial-level   _________(region), namely Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong and Chongqing.47.Simple  _________(solve) are rarely used, such as changing the layout around villages or putting up fences.48.For your safety sake, please do warm activities before you take part in the formal exercise under the ____________(guide) of the coach.49.A furnished room or house is available to be rented together with all sorts of__________(furnish) in it.50.When a small amount of blood is taken out from a donor, the body will make quick _____________(adjust) to it.51.Practicing handwriting is of great ________ (significant) to the students’ growth.52.Now I am writing to apply for a position working as a teaching ______________ (assist).53.Living in beautiful and comfortable _________ (surround), we feel very happy.54.In order to have a good _______(perform), I have made good preparations for it.55.Don’t wait for an ____________(apologize). The truth is the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize to you at all.56.Do you believe the ____________(exist) of ghosts?57.Zongzi, rice dumplings wrapped in _____(leaf), remains today as the traditional food for us to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival.58.The building took the country’s best__________(artist) about ten years to make.59.I am looking for a more challenging position. There are no more _____(opportunity) for me to grow in my current job.60.Finally I got to my _____(friend). He showed me around his hometown and we had great fun together.61.You don't have to live in China long to know the _____(country) most popular foods with stories behind them.62.Sometimes in my life, I felt my growth looked like my _____(grandma) flowers, which were loved and cared for.63.I'm honored to invite you to attend the meaningful charity sale. Your early reply to confirm your _____(attend) will be highly appreciated.64.Skateboarding, sport climbing, surfing and 3×3 basketball will all make their first ______(appear) at the 2021 Tokyo Olympic Games.65.A survey showed that people who spent 2 hours in nature—either all at once or totaled after several shorter _____(visit)—were more likely to report good health and psychological well-being than those with no nature exposure.66.You wouldn't think that a few _____(month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life.   Exercise 2   语法填空阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或使用括号中单词的正确形式。A Bite of China    No trip would be complete without experiencing the local food culture. ①_____(actual), China has various kinds of delicious food, including a wide variety of local snacks.    For most of the foreigners I have contacted, and myself ②_____ (include), Peking duck and Mongolian hot pot are the favourite Chinese dishes. China is a place ③_____ the food is not only delicious, but the ④_____ (cheap).    ⑤_____ my last night in Beijing before ⑥_____ (return) to the States, I went to a Peking duck restaurant that had been suggested for me to try. What a beautiful place! Splendid woodblock prints on the walls, fresh flowers in the vases, ⑦_____ (attract) silverware(银餐具) and beautiful chopsticks. I was handed ⑧_____ menu and found most of the prices were especially low for the high quality of the food.    Anyway, I ordered a whole duck, thinking I'd just take the rest back to my hotel ⑨_____ (eat) later if I couldn't finish it. Unbelievably, none of the whole duck ⑩_____ (leave) on the plate in the end. Exercise 3 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。    I don’t remember exact how old I was when I began to ride a bike. I only remembered how I practiced riding a bike in early years. When I first successfully rode a bike, that remains a vivid memory, my brother helped me with holding the back seat of the bike while I was riding. “Wow, I did it!”, cried I, as soon as he noticed I was riding without his hands hold it! I learnt quickly, and soon, even though my feet were not touching the ground, but I was able to cycle around six kilometer a day to school! It’s so lovely to remember which happened at that time.                参考答案Exercise 1   单句语法填空1.答案：curiosity2.答案：achievement解析：考查名词。句意：每一件事都完成了，我们感到一种成就感。a sense of +名词，意为“一种……的感觉”，此空用名词形式。故填achievement。 3.答案：apology解析：句意:我该为今早所说的话向你道歉。owe sb. an apology for sth. “因某事向某人道歉”。 4.答案：curiosity解析：考查名词。句意：正如我们所料，好奇心驱使吉姆进屋。此空用名词形式作句子的主语。故填curiosity。5.答案：violence解析：考查名词。句意：他讨厌任何形式的暴力。此空用名词形式作动词hates的宾语。故填violence。6.答案：satisfaction解析：考查名词。句意：公司摆脱了沉重的债务后，经理满意地笑了。介词with后接名词作宾语，此空用名词形式。故填satisfaction。7.答案：weakness解析：考查名词。句意:哭是软弱的表现。a sign of______是of名词所有格,此空用名词形式。故填weakness。8.答案：freedom解析：考查名词。句意：今天我们有自由决定自己的前途。定冠词the后面用名词形式作动词have的宾语，have the freedom to do sth.意为“有做某事的自由”。故填freedom。 9.答案：argument解析：考查名词。句意：他们的讨论结果成了争论。turn out to be +adj./n.，意为“被证明是……；结果是……”，不定冠词an后面加名词形式，作动词短语turn out的表语。故填argument。 10.答案：amusement解析：考查名词。句意：令我好笑的是，我在台上忘词了。to one’s +情感类名词，意为“令某人……的是”，应用名词形式作介词to的宾语。故填amusement。11.答案：infected， infection 12.答案：devices 13.答案：permission14.答案：majority15.答案：recognition16.答案：decisions解析：考查词性转换和名词的数。句意为:我面临的最大的挑战之一就是恐惧:害怕变化,害怕做出错误的决定,害怕坚持自己的观点。make decisions是固定短语,意为“做出决定”故填decisions。17.答案：students'解析：考查名词所有格。句意为:一般来说,学生的内在动力对他们的成长至关重要。根据句意可知,空格处和"inner motivation"之间是所属关系,所以此处应用名词所有格形式。故填students'。18.答案：companies解析：考查名词的复数。句意为:大多数公司都针对顾客的需求推出了不同的套餐,据说生意相当红火。company是可数名词,其前有形容词"Most"修饰,所以应用其复数形式。故填companies。19.答案：strength解析：考查名词。句意为:红色代表力量和勇敢,白色代表美德,蓝色代表努力和正义。and是并列连词,根据and后的名词"bravery"可知,此处应用strong的名词形式;且strength为不可数名词。故填strength。20.答案：supplies解析：考查名词的单复数。句意为:中国是一个主要的食品进口国,正寻找世界各地的生产者以确保未来的粮食供应。此处supply应意为“供应量,储备”,是可数名词;根据"producers"可知,此处应用其复数形式。故填supplies。21.答案：opportunities解析：考查名词的单复数。句意为:他们只是更善于把这些问题看作发展他们自己的才能的挑战和机会。and是并列连词, opportunity是可数名词。根据"challenges and"可知,此处应用opportunity的复数形式。故填opportunities。22.答案：woman's解析：考查名词所有格。句意为:据说照顾孩子是女性的工作,但如今家庭规模往往很小,孩子之间的年龄相差一两岁。根据句意可知,"task"与"woman"之间是所属关系,所以用名词所有格形式。故填woman's。23.答案：treats解析：考查名词的单复数。句意为:每天早上他们都带着杂志、书籍和特别的礼物来。treat意为“款待”时是可数名词;根据"magazines"和"books"可知,此处应用treat的复数形式。故填treats。24.答案：hour's解析：考查名词所有格。句意为:一个小时的车程之后,大约500名学生到达了乡村,开始和当地人一起生活、吃饭和工作。此处应用名词所有格修饰名词"dive",表示一个小时的车程。故填hour's。25.答案：silence解析：考查名词。句意为:星期日一直是我们买书的日子,然后我们会肩并肩地坐着安静地读书。in silence是固定短语,意为"安静地"。故填silence。26.答案：poems解析：考查名词的单复数。句意为:许多诗歌都来自特定的历史时期,例如唐诗和宋词。poem是可数名词。根据"Many"可知,此处应用名词的复数形式。故填poems。27.答案：disadvantage解析：考查名词。句意为：他连一门外语都不会说，这一事实使他在独自出国旅行时处于不利地位。at a disadvantage意为"处于不利的境地"，符合句意。故填disadvantage。28.答案：possession解析：考查名词。句意为:幸福不在于仅仅拥有金钱;它在于获得成就时的喜悦以及产生创造力的激情。in possession of是固定短语,意为“拥有”。故填possession。29.答案：kindness/kindnesses解析：考查名词/名词的单复数。句意为:我们仍然记得他们的善良/友好的举动,经常以他们的方式送上一个温暖的祝福。their是形容词性物主代词,其后应接名词。kindness意为“善良”时是不可数名词,意为“友好的举动”时是可数名词,所以此处既可用kindness,也可用kindnesses。故填kindness/kindnesses。30.答案：thoughts解析：考查词性转换和名词的单复数。句意为:他本来打算去。但是转念一想,他放弃了这个想法。on second thoughts是固定短语,意为“(表示已改变想法)又一想,转念一想”。故填thoughts。31.答案：importance解析：考查名词。句意为:大多数学生非常重视养成在课堂上记笔记的好习惯。attach importance to是固定短语,意为“重视”。故填importance。32.答案：restrictions解析：考查词性转换和名词的单复数。句意为：由于北京和上海之类的一线城市的房价的上涨，去年10月地方政府推出了购房限制（政策）。此处应用名词作"launched"的宾语； restriction是可数名词，根据"house purchases"可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填restrictions。33.答案：activities解析：考查名词的单复数。句意为:我们应该把班级看作我们的大家庭,尽我们最大努力积极参加我们所有的班级活动。activity在此处意为“活动”,是可数名词,根据"all"可知,此处应用activity的复数形式。故填activities。34.答案：communication解析：考查名词。句意为:在那期间,科学家们认为口头交流对抽象思维来说是必要的。oral是形容词,其后应接名词; oral communication意为“口头交流”。故填communication。35.答案：complaints解析：考查词性转换和名词的单复数。句意为:被动地听别人的抱怨可能会损害你的形象并会给别人留下你赞同他们(的观点)的印象。名词所有格others'后应跟名词complaint,意为"抱怨",complaint是可数名词,根据"others'"可知,此处应用complaint的复数形式。故填complaints。36.答案：adaptation/adaption37.答案：encouragement38.答案：generosity39.答案：graduation 40.答案：concerns解析：句意为:雾霾对人类健康的有害影响是一些城市的居民最关心的问题之一。此处应用名词形式;结合句中的one of可知,应用复数形式。故填concerns。41.答案：relief解析：句意为:突然,爸爸出现在窗前,我的心猛地一跳,内心充满惊讶和宽慰。此处应用名词和surprise并列,共同作介词with的宾语。故填relief。42.答案：inspiration解析：句意为:几十年来,他给年轻人和老年人带来了冒险、信心、力量、鼓舞、友谊和欢乐。此处应使用名词形式,与adventure, confidence, strength, friendship和joy并列,故填inspiration。43.答案：reflection解析： 句意为：主席蒂米·冯告诉路透社：“这列货运列车是贸易成果的体现。”不定冠词a后应接单数名词，故填reflection。44.答案：reference解析：句意为：以上观点可能正确，也可能不正确，仅供参考。 your为形容词性物主代词，其后应接名词，故填reference。45.答案：injuries解析：句意为:有些体育运动会对身体造成伤害,年轻的运动员会受伤很严重,这些伤一直伴随他们到成年。分析句子成分可知,此处应用名词作suffer的宾语。再结合定语从句中的谓语动词follow可知,先行词是名词复数。故填injuries。46.答案：regions解析：句意为:2018年,改革扩大到八个省级地区,即河北、辽宁、江苏、福建、湖北、湖南、广东和重庆。此处region为可数名词,由数词eight修饰,应用复数形式,故填regions。47.答案：solutions解析：句意为:简单的解决方案很少使用,例如改变村庄周围的布局或设置围栏。此处应用名词作主语,再结合谓语动词are可知,主语应为复数形式。故填solutions。48.答案：guidance 49.答案：furniture50.答案：adjustments51.答案：significance 52.答案：assistant53.答案：surroundings 54.答案：performance55.答案：apology解析：考查词性变化，an后面加名词，句意，不要等道歉，许多时候，伤害你的人没有想给你道歉。apologize动词，道歉。所以需要变成名词形式apology。56.答案：existence解析：考查单词填空.根据句意和汉语提示可知这里使用名词existence意为"存在"这是不可数名词.你相信鬼魂的存在吗?本题考查单词填空,首先了解句意和汉语提示,看缺少什么意思,还要确定单词的形式.57.答案：leaves解析：此处表示用叶子包裹的粽子今天仍作为我们庆祝端午节的传统食物。leaf作"叶子"讲时是可数名词,其前没有冠词修饰,应用复数形式leaves。58.答案：artists 59.答案：opportunities解析：句意:我正在找一个更有挑战性的职位。对我来说,我现在的工作没有更多的发展机会。根据空前的are可知,句子主语应表复数概念,故填入opportunities。60.答案：friend's解析：名词所有格可以表示一个人的家、店铺或办公室。此处got to my friend's表示"到了我朋友的家"。61.答案：country's解析：句意:你不必在中国居住很久就能了解这个国家的最受欢迎的食物以及它们背后的故事。此处表示"这个国家的最受欢迎的食物",表示所属关系,故用所有格形式。62.答案：grandma's解析：句意:在生活中,有时我觉得自己的成长看起来就像奶奶的花一样,受到了爱护和呵护。根据句意可知,此处表示所属关系,故用名词所有格形式grandma's。63.答案：attendance解析：句意:我很荣幸邀请您参加这次有意义的慈善义卖。如果您早日回复来确认您的参与,我将不胜感激。空处作动词confirm的宾语应填名词形式。attendance表示"出席,参加,到场"。64.答案：appearance解析：make first appearance"首次亮相,初次登台",为固定搭配。65.答案：visits解析：根据several shorter可知,空格处应填名词。visit为可数名词, several表示"几个",故用复数形式visits。66.答案：months解析：句意:你不会认为在你十几岁的时候几个月的锻炼对你的余生来说已经足够了。a few应修饰可数名词的复数,故填入months。 Exercise 2   语法填空答案： Actually; included; where; cheapest; On; returning; attractive; a; to eat; was left解析：①考查副词。句意:事实上，中国有各种各样的美味食物，包括各种各样的当地小吃。本空修饰整个句子，故应用副词形式。②考查过去分词。句意:对我接触到的大多数外国人，包括我自己来说，北京烤鸭和蒙古火锅是最受喜欢的中国菜肴。sth./ sb. included某事/某人被包括在内，故本空用过去分词included作后置定语。③考查定语从句。句意：中国是一个食物不仅好吃，并且最便宜的地方。所缺词引导定语从句，修饰先行词place，且在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where。④考查形容词最高级。根据空前的the可知，本空应填形容词最高级cheapest。⑤考查介词。night、morning、noon等词前加修饰词表强调在某一个特定的时间，要用介词on。本空后有修饰词my last，故填介词On。⑥考查动名词。句意:返回美国前在北京的最后一个晚上，我去了别人推荐我去试试的一个北京烤鸭餐厅。本句中before(在……之前）是介词，故用动名词形式returning。⑦考查形容词。句意:墙上有华丽的木版画，花瓶里有新鲜的花，还有引人注目的银餐具和漂亮的筷子。本空修饰名词silverware,故填形容词attractive。⑧考查不定冠词。句意:他们递给我一个菜单，我发现对于这样高质量的食物，大多数价格特别低。menu第一次出现，表泛指，且以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。⑨考查不定式。句意：无论如何，我点了一只整的烤鸭，想着如果吃不完就把剩下的带回旅馆以后吃。此处应用不定式作目的状语。⑩考查时态及语态。本句描述的是过去的事情，故应用一般过去时，且句子主语none of the whole duck与动词leave是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。Exercise 3  短文改错答案：    I don’t remember how old I was when I began to ride a bike. I only how I practiced riding a bike in  early years. When I first successfully rode a bike, remains a vivid memory, my brother helped me holding the back seat of the bike while I was riding. “Wow, I did it!”, cried I, as soon as noticed I was riding without his hands it! I learnt quickly, and soon, even though my feet were not touching the ground, but I was able to cycle around six a day to school! It’s so lovely to remember happened at that time.解析：第一处:exact→exactly【解析】考查副词。修饰动词remember应用副词，所以将exact改为exactly。第二处:remembered→remember【解析】考查时态。根据第一句中的I don’t remember 可知，此处也应用一般现在时。故将remembered 改为 remember。第三处:在early years前加my/the【解析】考查代词或冠词。根据语境可知，“我”只记得“我”在早年是如何练习骑自行车的。表示“我”的早年应在early years前加my或加定冠词the表示特指。第四处:that→which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子 结构,that remains a vivid memory是定语从句修饰整个句子，所以应用 which引导该非限制性定语从句，且关系词在从句中作主语。故将that 改为which。第五处:with→by【解析】考查介词。根据句意可知此处表达的是,骑自行车时，“我”哥哥用抓着后座的方式来帮助“我”。表示“用……方式/ 方法”应用介词by。第六处:he→I【解析】考査代词。根据上下文语境可知是“我”注 意到“我”骑自行车的时候，他（哥哥）没有抓着后座。故应将he改为I。第七处:hold→holding【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,his hands与hold是主谓关系，故应用动词-ing形式。所以将hold 改为 holding。第八处:删掉but【解析】考查连词。由语法知识可知，在英语中，even though与but在同一句中不能连用，所以删掉but。句意：即使我的 脚碰不到地面，我也能每天骑六公里左右到学校。第九处：kilometer→kilometers【解析】考查名词复数。句中的数词six修饰可数名词的复数形式，故将kilometer改为kilometers。第十处:which→what【解析】考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,which happened at that time是宾语从句，作remember的宾语，且宾语 从句的引导词在从句中作主语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，故将 which 改为 what。