2022届高考英语总复习：非谓语动词

这是一份2022届高考英语总复习：非谓语动词，共14页。PPT课件主要包含了试着换一种表达方式，when，spent， 分词作定语等内容，欢迎下载使用。

非谓语动词顾名思义，“不作谓语的动词”。非谓语动词的基本结构 t d, ding, dne. 非谓语动词几乎可以做除谓语以外的任何语法成分。
非谓语动词的基本知识点
I felt relaxed when I listened t my favrite music. Because I gt up late this mrning, I was late fr wrk. In rder t realize my dream, I have been always trying my best.
考点一：非谓语动词作状语想一想:初中时我们能写出怎样有状语的句子？
I felt relaxed when I listened t my favrite music. Because I gt up late this mrning, I was late fr wrk. In rder t realize my dream, I have been always trying my best.
, listening t my favrite music.
Getting up late this mrning
T realize my dream
结论：非谓语动词作状语和状语从句或者介词短语作状语没有本质的区别，不过是另一种表达方式。
什么情况下可以用非谓语动词作状语？
I felt relaxed, when I listened t my favrite music. Because I gt up late this mrning, I was late fr wrk. In rder t realize my dream, I have been always trying my best. He was very angry after he was sclded by his bss fr n reasn at all.
结论： 非谓语动词作状语的结构中，非谓语动词的逻辑主语和主句中的主语是同一个主语。
, when listening t my favrite music.
, after sclded by his bss fr n reasn
那么非谓语动词的逻辑主语不是主句的主语会怎样？
If weather permits, they will g n an uting t the beach tmrrw.
Permitting, they will g n an uting t the beach tmrrw.
Weather Permitting, they will g n an uting t the beach tmrrw.
这种有着独立的主语的非谓语动词作状语的现象，我们称之为独立主格结构。
Much time________ (spend) sitting at a desk, ffice wrkers are generally trubled by health prblems. (小题精炼)
独立主格： with 的复合结构 with/withut + 宾语（名词/代词）+ t d/ ding/dnewith的复合结构可以作状语或定语。独立成分（见复习资料3+2 165页语法精讲）
非谓语动词作状语的难点是：不知道啥时候该用非谓语动词，并且不知道该用什么形式的非谓语动词！
1. On the last day f ur week-lng stay, we were invited t attend a priviate cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars, ____________ (listen) t musicians and meeting interesting lcals.2. Nervusly _________ (face) challenges, I knw I will whisper t myself the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”.3. Yu dn’t have t run fast r fr lng __________ (see) the benefit.4. The gvernment encurages farmers t grw crn instead f rice ___________ (imprve) water quality.单句改错：5. Mre and mre peple are signing up fr Yga classes nwdays, tk advantage f the health and relaxatin benefits.6. With Father’s Day arund the crner, I have taken sme mney ut f the bank t buying presents fr my dad.
____________________________________
__________________
_____________________________
( )
_______________
tk 改为 taking
buying 改为 buy
考点二：非谓语动词作定语
1. 不定式作定语（用法特殊且固定）A. 不定式作后置定语多表示将要做的动作。B. 所修饰的名词之前有序数词或形容词最高级、the nly 等修饰，要用不定式作后置定语C.某些抽象名词要用不定式作后置定语，ability, chance, idea, hpe, wish, fact, prmise, attempt 等
注意：不定式作后置定语有时用主动式 t d, 可以主动表被动，但是有时要用t be dne, 才能表示被动，这是为什么呢？
对比： I have a letter t pst, s I can’t g swimming with yu. I have a letter t be psted. Can yu help me?
想一想：定语从句作后置定语的用法
The man wh is making a speech is ur headmaster.She and her family bicycle t wrk, which helps them keep fit.The prblem which was discussed at the meeting yesterday is difficult t slve. There are many students wh are watching the ftball match n the playgrand.
______________________________
_________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
making a speech
, helping them keep fit.
discussed at the meeting yesterday
watching the ftball match
结论：被修饰的名词是非谓语动词的逻辑主语，如果该名词与分词之间是主动的关系，就用现在分词，如果是被动关系就用过去分词。
练习中的问题：单句改错：French authrities issued a statement warning anyne catching jgging r exercising in public frm Wednesday during thse hurs will face fines f between €75 and €135.
___________
that 引导宾语从句
anyne wh is caught jgging r
考点三：非谓语动词作宾语 （固定搭配，死记硬背）特殊用法加强巩固
考点四：非谓语动词作宾补不定式做宾补都是固定搭配，分词作宾补通常跟感官动词和使役动词关系密切。例句： I saw the girl passing by my windw. I saw the windw brken by a naughty by. My uncle had his car repaired. Dn’t leave the water running while yu bruch yur teeth.
考点五：非谓语动词作主语和表语能做主语和表语的非谓语动词只有不定式和动名词不定式作作主语常出现it 作形式主语的结构；作表语时常表示将要发生的动作，主语是what 引导的主语从句也常用不定式作表语。动名词作主语常表示抽象或习惯性的动作，也常出现it 作形式主语的结构；这些结构需要牢牢记住。It’s a waste f time ’s n use/gd ’s useless ding...