专题02 高频语法之形容词、副词与语法填空-2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用）

这是一份专题02 高频语法之形容词、副词与语法填空-2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用），文件包含专题02高频语法之形容词副词与语法填空解析版docx、专题02高频语法之形容词副词与语法填空原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、形容词和副词
1. 思维导图

2. 高考真题再现
一、2021年高考真题
1.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）
The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb. It will 3 (undubted) help yu get refreshed!
2.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）
But that's hw nature is—always leaving us 5 (astnish).
3.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）Suppsedly yu can d it in tw hurs, but we stpped at the different gates and watchtwers t take pictures r just t watch the lcal peple ging abut their 10 (day) rutines.
4.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）After spending sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what 5 (gd) than t ride n a piece f histry!
5.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Prvide 8 (finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples.
6.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）
When the huse was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is tday.
7.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空） But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed 8 (sharp).
8.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple living in the cuntryside, including 10 (lw) levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
9.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）
It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme 1 (educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics, and ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the develpment f the lcal areas.
二、2020年高考真题
1.（2020·新课标 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷语法填空）Landing n the mn’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
2.（2020·新课标 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷语法填空）Landing n the mn’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
3.（2020·新课标 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷语法填空）Bamb: Chinese lve their “Lucky Bamb” plants and yu will see them ften in their hmes and ffice. 66 (certain) during the hliday perid, this plant is a must.
4.（2020·新课标 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷语法填空）The 69 (beauty) lng branches cvered with pink-clred buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decratins.
5.（2020·新课标 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷语法填空）One day the emperr wanted t get his prtrait (画像) dne s he called all great artists t cme and present their 62． (fine) wrk, s that he culd chse the best.
6.（2020·新课标 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷语法填空）As the small bat mved, 68． (gentle) alng the river he was left speechless by the muntains being silently reflected in the water.
7.（2020·山东卷语法填空）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) peple travelled and cllected plants, histrical bjects and wrks f art.
三、2019年高考真题
1. （2019·新课标 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷·语法填空）Scientists have respnded by __nting__ (nte) that hungry bears may be cngregating(聚集) arund human settlements, leading t the illusin(错觉) that ppulatins are ___68___ (high) than they actually are.
2.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】It is difficult t figure ut a glbal ppulatin f plar bears as much f the range has been ___62___ (pr) studied; hwever, bilgists calculate that there are abut 20,000-25,000 plar bears wrldwide.
3.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Her years f hard wrk have ___63___(final)been acknwledged after a custmer nminated(提名)her t be Cheshire's Wman Of The Year.
4.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】On ur way t the huse，it was raining ___61___ hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get (get)there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.
四、2018年高考真题
1.【2018·浙江卷·语法填空】There culd be an even 63 (high) cst n yur health.
2.【2018·新课标I卷·语法填空】Accrding t a review f evidence in a medical jurnal, runners live three years 61 (lng) than nn-runners.
3.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】A taste fr meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An imprtant part f its crn is used t feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
4.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】Accrding t the Wrld Bank, China accunts fr abut 30 percent f ttal ___67___ (glbe)fertilizer cnsumptin.
5.【2018·新课标III卷·语法填空】He screams the___63___(lud)f all. The nise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges tward me.
3. 考试技巧
语法填空解题策略
1. 看到空格处修饰的是名词, 要想到用形容词。
2. 看到空格处修饰的是动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 要想到用副词。
3. 看到与than连用, 要想到用形容词或副词的比较级。
4. 看到and, r, but等并列连词前或后用的比较级, 要想到用比较级。
5. 看到语境中暗含比较含义, 要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。
4. 知识点拓展
1：考点梳理
形容词和副词的句法功能；
根据提示词写出正确的形容词或副词词形；
原级、比较级、最高级的使用；
倍数的表达法；
常见形容词、副词的惯用法。
考点1 基本用法
1. 形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态，在句中一般作定语、表语或宾语补足语等。
Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights n. (作定语)
English is cmpulsry fr Chinese students. (作表语)
Please keep the dr pen. (作宾补)
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频率等，在句中主要作状语。
Please write slwly and carefully. (修饰动词)
Mary and Jane are quite different. (修饰形容词)
He spke t quickly t understand. (修饰副词)
He is badly in need f mney. (修饰介词短语)
Generally , it’s a bk wrth reading. (修饰句子)
2. 形容词和副词的比较级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，最高级用于三个或三个以上人或事物之间的比较。比较的对象应为同类，且不能相互包容，常用结构为“比较级＋than＋比较对象”，“the＋最高级＋比较范围”。
The weather here is warmer than that f Shanghai.
Allan is the secnd tallest player in the team.
Lucy runs faster than Lily.
考点2 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级构成
1：规则变化
2：不规则变化
3：形容词和副词比较等级常见句式
考点3 形容词、副词的倍数表达法
(1)... 倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...
The big bx is fur times as heavy as the small ne. 大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。
(2)... 倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...
The car runs twice faster than that truck. 这辆轿车跑得比那辆卡车快两倍。
(3)... 倍数＋the＋度量衡名词＋f...
The newly built square is fur times the size f the previus ne. 新建的广场是之前的四倍大。
(4)... 倍数＋what从句
Cttn utput is nw ten times what it was ten years ag. 目前棉花产量是十年前的十倍。
(5)... 倍数＋that/thse f...
In this wrkshp the utput f July was 3.5 times that f January. 这个车间七月的产量是一月的3.5倍。
考点4 形容词作定语的位置
形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况后置:
二、模拟演练
1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The British have been drinking tea fr ver 350 years. But in fact, the histry f tea ges much 1. (far) back.
The stry f tea begins in China. Accrding t the legend, the Chinese emperr Shen Nung was sitting 2. a tree while his servant biled drinking water, when sme leaves frm the tree blew int the water. Shen Nung, 3. expert in herbal medicine, decided t try the water his servant created. As a result, it tasted s gd that later the drink was 4. we nw call tea.
It is 5. (pssible) t knw whether there is any truth in this stry. 6. , tea drinking certainly was established in China many centuries befre it had even been heard f in the west. Cntainers f tea 7. (find) in tmbs dating frm the Han dynasty (206BC-220AD) befre tea was firmly established as the natinal drink f China in the Tang dynasty (618-906AD). It became 8. a favrite thing that during the late eighth century, a writer 9. (call) Lu Yu wrte the first bk entirely abut tea, the Ch’a Ching, r Tea Classic. It was shrtly after this that tea was first intrduced t Japan, by Japanese Buddhist mnks wh had travelled t China t study befre. Tea drinking has becme a vital part f Japanese culture, 10. may be rted in the sprit described in the Ch’a Ching.
2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu knw where yur lks cme frm—fr example, yu may have yw mther’s nse r yur father’s eyes. But what abut things that we can’t see, like yu went 11. music? Is this smething that yu learned, r are yur abilities and persnality traits 12. (determine) by yur genes(基因)? What makes 13. individual behave in a certain14. and display certain talents?
Scientists are nt clear 15. the answer t this questin is. Thse 16. supprt the nature thery believe that humans 17. (prgram) genetically t behave in certain ways, regardless f culture and upbringing. One the ther hand, we have the nurture thery, which 18. (argue) that a persn's behavir and persnality are develped by teaching and experience. There is evidence 19. (supprt) bth f these theries and the debate is still t be reslved. It seems mst prbable that bth theries have their validity(正确性) and that nature and nurture each play a 20. in making us wh we are.
3
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A twist f fate
When Tamara Rabi met Adriana Sctt at a lcal McDnald’s restaurant, their lives changed frever. “I didn’t knw what t say 21. ‘hi’. I was just s shcked -- it was like seeing myself,” says Adriana. They were bth students at neighburing universities in Lng Island, New Yrk, and they had grwn up nly 30 kilmetres apart. They shared a birthday, they were exactly the same height and bth lved hip hp. But the mst imprtant thing 22. was shared between them was the same Mexican mther. Bth girls grew up knwing that their mther 23. (give) them up fr adptin when they were brn, but they had n idea 24. they had a twin sister. Then, Justin Lattre, a friend f Adriana’s, went t Tamara’s twentieth birthday party. When he walked in and saw Tamara, hardly 25. he believe his eyes. “I was just shcked -- she lked s much like Adriana,” says Justin. Then it gt clear -- they had t be sisters. In fact, Tamara had already nticed that strangers n her university campus ften smiled and said hell, clearly 26. (mistake) her fr smene else.
Fllwing the birthday, Justin put the tw girls in tuch and they arranged the McDnald’s meeting by email. “27. she came twards me, she was walking like me, talking like me,” says Tamara. “We have the same mannerisms, the same interests and gt the same grades at schl,” adds Adriana. The girl even discvered that as children they had ften had the same nightmare f a really lud nise 28. (fllw) by a very quiet ne. They had anther sad factr a cmmn. 29. f their adptive fathers had died a few years befre they met.
Nw the twins are finishing their studies, and they meet ften. “I feel she’s my sister, but ur relatinship right nw is mre like friends,” says Tamara. She’s ptimistic and excited that their futures will be tgether. “We will always have each ther. We dn’t have any ther brthers and sisters -- we are sure 30. (grw) ld tgether!”
4
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Pass Yur Lve n
31. (wait)fr the airplane t take ff，I was happy t get a seat by myself. Just then， 32. air hstess apprached me and asked，“Wuld yu mind 33. (change) yur seat? A cuple wuld like t sit tgether. ”The nly pssible seat was next t a girl with her arms in casts(石膏绷带)，a black－and－blue face，and a sad 34. (express). “N way am I ging t sit there，” I thught 35. (immediate). But a sft vice spke，“She needs help. ” Finally，I decided t mve t that seat.
The girl was named Kathy. She had been in a car accident and nw was 36. her way t treatment.
When the snacks and juice arrived，it did nt take me lng t realize 37. Kathy wuld nt be able t feed herself. I cnsidered 38. (ffer)t feed her but hesitated，as it seemed t implite t ffer a service t a stranger. But then I realized that Kathy's need was mre imprtant than my discmfrt.I ffered t help her eat，and 39. she was uncmfrtable t accept，she did as I expected. We became clser and clser in a shrt perid f time. By the end f the five－hur trip，we became friends，and the time remves the fear that keeps us separate. When we ffer t serve anther，we grw t live in a larger and 40. (many)rewarding wrld.
构 成
例词
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词一般情况下直接加-er和-est
small
smaller
smallest
great
greater
greatest
hard
harder
hardest
以e结尾的单音节词和少数以-ble结尾的双音节词加-r和-st
fine
finer
finest
cute
cuter
cutest
able
abler
ablest
以一个辅音字母结尾,且前面只有一个元音字母的词,双写辅音字母后再加-er和-est
fat
fatter
fattest
thin
thinner
thinnest
ht
htter
httest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先把y变为i再加-er和-est
easy
easier
easiest
happy
happier
happiest
early
earlier
earliest
少数以-er,-w结尾的双音节词,加-er和-est
clever
cleverer
cleverest
narrw
narrwer
narrwest
其他双音节和多音节的形容词或副词一般在前面加mre和mst
careful
mre careful
mst careful
ppular
mre ppular
mst ppular
efficiently
Mre efficiently
mst efficiently
原级
比较级
最高级
gd,well
better
best
bad,ill
wrse
wrst
many,much
mre
mst
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
ld
lder/elder
ldest/eldest
项 目
例 句
s (as),意为“和…(不)一样…”
She is as tall as her mther.
I am nt as/ s gd a player as yu are.
比较级 (+ than),意为“一方比另一方……”
This picture is mre beautiful than that ne.
I have never seen a mre interesting film.
less +原级+than,意为“一方不及另一方……”
This rm is less beautiful than that ne.
the +比较级,the +比较级,意为“越……越……”
The harder yu wrk,the mre prgress yu will make.
“否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义
I have never spent a mre wrrying day.
,意为“与其……倒不如……”
He is mre shy than unfriendly.
以-ir结尾的形容词,与t搭配。如:junir,senir,superir,prir,inferir等
The bk is superir t that ne I just finished reading.
n+比较级+than两者都不
This bk is n mre interesting than that nce.
The+比较级+f the tw两者中较为……
the lder f the tw
修饰sme,any,every,n和bdy,thing,ne等构成的复合不定代词时
nbdy absent,everything pssible
以-able,-ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或nly修饰的名词之后
the best bk available,the nly slutin pssible
alive,alike,awake,aware,asleep等可以后置
the nly persn awake
和空间、时间、单位连用时
a bridge 50 meters lng
成对的形容词可以后置
a huge rm simple and beautiful
形容词短语一般后置
a man difficult t get n with