讲与练06 语法填空中的名词性从句与定语从句---2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练(通用版)

这是一份讲与练06 语法填空中的名词性从句与定语从句---2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练(通用版)，文件包含讲与练06语法填空中的名词性从句与定语从句解析版---2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练通用版doc、讲与练06语法填空中的名词性从句与定语从句原卷版---2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练通用版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。
【高频考点回顾】
高频考点一 名词性从句
【真题再现】
语法填空
1. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I’m nt sure is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.
2. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) While they are rare nrth f 88°, there is evidence they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.
答案：1. wh 2. that
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略 名词性从句做题两步骤
第1步判断是否属于名词性从句;第2步判断名词性从句中的连接词;若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语, 用连接代词; 若缺少状语就用连接副词; 如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整, 是否需要用whether/if; 如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that。
【重点知识提醒】
一、宾语从句
1.引导宾语从句的连接词
从属连词that、 whether、 if；连接代词what、 wh、 whse、 whatever、 whichever、 whever等；连接副词when、 where、 why、 hw等；从句用陈述语序。
·We prmise whever attends the party a chance t have a pht taken with the mvie star.
我们许诺，任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
·I truly believe that beauty cmes frm within.
我确信美来自内在。
·What we shuld take with us depends n where we'll stay.
我们需要随身带什么东西，取决于我们将在什么地方停留。
2．it做形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it做形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有：find、 feel、 think、 cnsider、 believe、 guess、 suppse、 make等。
·He has made it clear that the meeting will nt be pstpned.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)动词hate、 like、 dislike、 appreciate、 enjy等表示“喜欢”“厌恶”等的动词以及一些动词短语see t、 depend n、 rely n等，常用it做形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
·I shall see t it that he will be taken gd care f when yu are absent.
你不在的时候，我会确保把他照顾好。
二、主语从句和表语从句
1.主语从句
(1)that连接从句时，没有具体意思，不充当句子成分，只是起标志性的作用，但that不能省略。what引导时，既要在从句中充当成分，又有意义。
·It never ccurred t me that yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his mind.
我从来没想到你会成功地说服他改变主意。
(2)whether连接从句时，表示怀疑，不能省略，意为“是否”，在句首时不能用if替换。
·Whether it will d us harm r gd remains t be seen.
究竟此事对我们有害还是有利，还有待观察。
(3)连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略，并在从句中充当句子成分。
·Wh will take ver the cmpany has nt been decided.
谁将接管公司还没定好。
(4)用it做形式主语的常用句型：
①It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrng/imprtant/certain等)＋that从句；
②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/n wnder等)＋that从句；
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/tld/reprted/decided等)＋that从句；
④It＋特殊动词(seems, appears, happens, matters)＋that从句。
·It is a pity that I missed the party held last night.
很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。
·It is reprted that the accident was caused by carelessness.
据报道，该事故源于(司机的)粗心驾驶。
(5)在It is necessary/imprtant/suggested/advised/rdered＋that从句结构中，从句用“(shuld＋)动词原形”。
2．表语从句
(1)引导表语从句的连接词
从属连词that、 whether；连接代词what、 wh、 whse、 whatever、 whichever、 whever等；连接副词when、 where、 why、 hw等；从句用陈述语序。
·I'd like t start my wn business—that's what I'd d if I had the mney.
我愿意自己创业——那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。
(2)常见的表语从句句型：
①It lks/seems as if ...好像……；仿佛……；
②This is because ...这是因为……(强调原因)；
③The reasn why ... is that ...……的原因是……；
④That is why ...那就是……的原因(强调结果)；
⑤The questin/prblem is whether/when/where ...
问题是……；
⑥His dream/suggestin/aim/purpse is that ...
他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是……；
⑦what从句＋be＋that从句。
高频考点二 定语从句
【真题再现】
语法填空
1. (2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Like anything, it is pssible t have t much f bth, is nt gd fr the health.
2. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels, wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.
3. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014 shwed a mere five t ten minutes a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all causes.
4. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9 am t 5 pm daily at the pet shp in Macclesfield,
she pened with her late husband Les.
5. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring fr these animals.
答案：1.which 2. wh 3. which/that 4. which 5.wh/that
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略
1. 确定定语从句关系词的解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词。
2. 关系词应遵循“缺什么, 补什么”的原则
(1)如果先行词指人, 定语从句中缺少主语, 限制性定语从句中用wh/that; 非限制性定语从句中用wh。
(2)如果先行词指人, 定语从句中缺少宾语, 限制性定语从句中用wh/that/whm; 非限制性定语从句中用whm。
(3)如果先行词指物, 定语从句中缺少主语或宾语, 限制性定语从句中用which/that; 非限制性定语从句用which。
(4)如果先行词指时间或地点, 定语从句中缺少时间状语或地点状语, 则用when或where; 如果缺少主语或宾语, 则用that或which。
(5)在“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句中如果先行词指人, 则关系词用whm; 如果先行词指物, 则用which。
【重点知识提示】
一、关系代词that、 which、 as引导的定语从句
1.6种只用that引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词是all、 everything、 anything、 nthing、 smething、 little、 much、 nne、 few、 the ne等不定代词时。(如先行词指人，可用wh代替that)
(2)先行词被all、 any、 few、 every、 n、 little、 much、 sme等词修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用wh代替that)
(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词时。
(4)先行词被the nly、 the very (正是、恰是)、 the last修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用wh代替that)
(5)先行词含有人和物两者时。
(6)先行词在主句中做表语，或关系词在从句中做表语时。
2．4种只用which引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词为物，引导非限制性定语从句时。
(2)先行词为物，关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。
(3)先行词本身是that时。
(4)引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念时。
3．5种多用as引导定语从句的情况
(1)非限制性定语从句放在主句之前、主句之后或者插在主句中间皆可。
(2)非限制性定语从句的谓语为be annunced、 be expected、 be knwn、 be mentined、 be reprted、 be said等被动式谓语。
(3)表示整个主句内容，有时含有“按照；正如；根据”等意思。
(4)在下列固定结构中，关系代词指代整个主句所述的内容：
①as we all knw我们都知道
②as we all can see正如我们大家所能看到的那样
③as is ften the case情况常常如此
④as is well knwn众所周知
(5)当先行词被such、 the same、 s＋adj.＋a/an、 such a/an＋adj.修饰时。
二、关系代词wh、 whm、 whse
1.wh和whm的用法
(1)先行词为ne、 nes、 anyne、 thse指代人时。
·Thse wh are interested in the film can cntact me.
对该电影感兴趣的可与我联系。
(2)当先行词为人且关系代词前面有介词时，只能用whm。whm在定语从句中做介词的宾语时，介词可放在后面，也可提前构成“介词＋whm(先行词指人)”结构。
·The settlement is hme t nearly 1,000 peple, many f whm left their village hmes fr a better life in the city.
这里居住着将近1 000人，他们中的许多人都离开家乡去城市追求更好的生活。
2．whse的用法
whse指人或物，做定语，表示“……的”，可转换为“f＋关系代词”。关系代词whse可指人，表示“该人的”，也可指物，表示“该物的”；在以物为先行词时，可用f which代替whse在从句中做定语。
[提示] 关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
·Tm is ne f the engineers wh are sent abrad.
汤姆是被派往国外的工程师之一。
·Tm is the nly ne f the engineers wh has cme up with the slutin.
汤姆就是唯一提出解决方案的那位工程师。
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
·He lived in a time when the blind culdn't get much educatin.
在他生活的那个时代，盲人是接受不了什么教育的。
·I walked up t the tp f the hill with my friend, where we enjyed a splendid view f the lake.
我和朋友一起登上了山顶，在山顶上我们欣赏到了湖光美景。
[提示] 若先行词为一些表示地点的抽象名词，如situatin、 pint、 stage、 psitin等，且引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where或“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，表示到了某种程度，在某种情况下；如果引导词在从句中做主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which引导。
·At last he gt the psitin (that/which) he had been dreaming f.
他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。
·I have cme t the pint where/at which I can't stand him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。
四、介词＋关系代词
1.“介词＋关系代词”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指物/事时，关系代词用which；先行词指人时，关系代词用whm。当介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词不能省略。
·Caring fr the sul is a gradual prcess in which even the small details f life shuld be cnsidered.
关爱灵魂是一个渐进的过程，在这个过程中，即使生活中的小细节也应顾及。
·He bught the car fr mre than $20,000, at which his father was angry.
他花20 000多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对此很生气。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋f＋which/whm”引导的定语从句。
·The grwing speed f a plant is influenced by a number f factrs, mst f which are beynd ur cntrl.
植物的生长速度受到很多因素的影响，其中大部分因素是我们无法控制的。
·There are arund fur hundred students in ur grade, mst f whm are frm the Xicheng District.
我们年级有大约四百名学生，其中大多数都来自西城区。
【高频考点强化】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1
A twist f fate
When Tamara Rabi met Adriana Sctt at a lcal McDnald’s restaurant, their lives changed frever. “I didn’t knw what t say 1. ‘hi’. I was just s shcked -- it was like seeing myself,” says Adriana. They were bth students at neighburing universities in Lng Island, New Yrk, and they had grwn up nly 30 kilmetres apart. They shared a birthday, they were exactly the same height and bth lved hip hp. But the mst imprtant thing 2. was shared between them was the same Mexican mther. Bth girls grew up knwing that their mther 3. (give) them up fr adptin when they were brn, but they had n idea 4. they had a twin sister. Then, Justin Lattre, a friend f Adriana’s, went t Tamara’s twentieth birthday party. When he walked in and saw Tamara, hardly 5. he believe his eyes. “I was just shcked -- she lked s much like Adriana,” says Justin. Then it gt clear -- they had t be sisters. In fact, Tamara had already nticed that strangers n her university campus ften smiled and said hell, clearly 6. (mistake) her fr smene else.
Fllwing the birthday, Justin put the tw girls in tuch and they arranged the McDnald’s meeting by email. “7. she came twards me, she was walking like me, talking like me,” says Tamara. “We have the same mannerisms, the same interests and gt the same grades at schl,” adds Adriana. The girl even discvered that as children they had ften had the same nightmare f a really lud nise 8. (fllw) by a very quiet ne. They had anther sad factr a cmmn. 9. f their adptive fathers had died a few years befre they met.
Nw the twins are finishing their studies, and they meet ften. “I feel she’s my sister, but ur relatinship right nw is mre like friends,” says Tamara. She’s ptimistic and excited that their futures will be tgether. “We will always have each ther. We dn’t have any ther brthers and sisters -- we are sure 10. (grw) ld tgether!”
【答案】
1. except
2. that
3. had given
4. that
5. did
6. mistaking
关系副词
先行词
句法功能
when
时间
时间状语，相当于表时间的“介词＋which”
where
地点、情形、状况、
活动、关键点等
地点状语，相当于表地点的“介词＋which”
why
原因
原因状语，相当于fr which
7. When
8. fllwed
9. Bth
10. t grw
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。Justin Lattre参加Tamara Rabi的生日派对时，发现她与朋友Adriana Sctt长相相似，他认为两者是姐妹，便安排她们在麦当劳见面。原来她们是双胞胎姐妹，却从小分开；她们身上有很多共同点，以后她们会相互陪伴着走下去，慢慢变老。
1. 考查介词。句意：“除了‘嗨’，我不知道该说什么。根据后面I was just s shcked -- it was like seeing myself. Adriana很震惊，因为就像看到了她自己，可知此处应该是惊讶地只能说
“hi”了。except“除…之外”，符合语境。故填except。
2. 考查定语从句关系词，句意：但他们之间最重要的联系是有同一个墨西哥母亲。分析句子结构知，__2__ was shared between them是定语从句，先行词是the mst imprtant thing，被最高级修饰，且从句中缺少主语，故应该是that。故填that。
3. 考查动词时态。句意：两个女孩在成长过程中都知道，她们一出生，母亲就把她们交给了别人收养。grew up这个动作发生在过去，母亲把她们交给（give）别人抚养发生在grw up之前，也就是说give的动作发生在grew up之前，grew up是过去时，所以give发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故填had given。
4. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：但她们不知道自己有一个双胞胎妹妹。分析句子结构知，空后是一个宾语从句，应用that连接。故填that。
5. 考查倒装句。句意：当他走进来看见Tamara时，简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。分析结构知，此处是倒装句，且为一般过去时。 hardly在句首，主句要用倒装结构即谓语动词did要放在主语前。故填did。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她在大学校园里，陌生人经常微笑着给她打招呼，显然把她错当成了别人。分析句子结构知，此句在本句中作状语，且mistake与主语strangers为主动关系，故用现在分词。故填mistaking。
7. 考查时间状语连接词。句意：当她向我走来的时候，她走路姿态和我一样，说话方式也和我一样。根据句意可知，此为时间状语从句，came为不可延续动词，故填When。
8. 考查动词语态。句意：这个女孩甚至发现，当他们还是孩子的时候，经常会做同样的噩梦，先是听到非常大的噪音，然后是非常安静的噪音。分析句子结构可知，此处是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰前面的nise，故填fllwed。
9. 考查代词。句意：她们的养父们在她们相遇前几年都去世了。此处是指双胞胎姐妹二人，故填Bth。
10. 考查不定式。句意：我们没有其他的兄弟姐妹——我们一定会一起变老的!be sure t d sth.一定会做某事，故填t grw。
2
A Venturing Pilt
Charles Lindberg brn in December Michigan was raised n a farm in Minnesta, where his father 11. (elect) t the U.S. Cngress in 1907. Frm then n, he spent his byhd alternatively in Washingtn D. C. , and Little Falls, Minnesta. 12. Lindbergh exhibited exceptinal mechanical talent, in 1921, he was admitted t the University f Wiscnsin t study engineering. 13. (seek) mre challenges, he left university befre graduatin and became a pilt, wh perfrmed exciting flight shw at cuntry fairs and public assemblies. This unusual and dangerus undertaking paid ff s greatly in the sense that it allwed him t gain all-rund experience in flying. He was particularly delighted in 14. he called “wing-walking” and parachute jumping.
15. (train) in air service fr a year, Lindberg cmpleted his prgram at the Brks and Kelly airfields at the tp f his class. He was ffered a jb in Rbertsn Aircraft Crpratin f St. Luis in Missuri where he retained his jb 16. 1927, running the rutes between St. Luis and Chicag. During this perid, he set ut t win the Raymnd B, Orteig prize f $25,000 t be awarded t the first pilt 17. (fly) nnstp frm New Yrk t Paris. He knew this ambitius flight 18. (change) his life.
On bard the greatest adventure f his time, Lindberg left Rsevelt Airprt at 5:52 a.m. n May 20, 1927 and landed at Le Burget Field at 5:24 p.m. the next day. Fearing that he wuld be unknwn when he arrived, Lindberg carried letters f intrductin t the fficials in Paris, but when his plane came t a stp, he fund himself 19. (crwd) with welcming peple. He was decrated in France, Great Britain, and Belgium. President Clidge sent a specially designated cruiser, the Memphis t bring him back. His accmplishments in flying brught 20. mre medals and awards that had ever been received than any ther persn in private life.
【答案】
11. was elected
12. Because/As
13. T seek
14. what
15. Having been trained/Trained
16. until
17. t fly
18. wuld change
19. was crwded
20. him
【解析】这是一篇人物传记。短文介绍了敢于冒险的美国飞行员Charles Lindberg。
11. 考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“in 1907”可知，where引导的定语从句为一般过去时，主语为his father，与谓语elect为被动。故填was elected。
12. 考查从属连词。分析句子可知，由于Charles Lindberg表现出非凡的机械才能，1921年，他被威斯康辛大学录取，攻读工程学。所以本句为Because/As引导的原因状语从句。所以填从属连词Because/As。故填Because/As。
13. 考查动词不定式。分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故填T seek。
14. 考查连接代词。分析句子可知，in为介词后接句子做宾语，宾语从句的主语为he，谓语为 called ，call后接双宾语，直接宾语由what来充当。故填what。
15. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，主语为Lindberg，谓语为 cmplete。所以空处应填非谓语动词，train表示的动作发生在cmplete之前，且与主语在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用现在分词的完成被动形式作状语。也可用过去分词作状语。故填Having been trained/Trained。
16. 考查介词。分析句子可知，空处应填介词，until表示的是一段时间的终点且符合句意。故填until 。
17. 考查动词不定式。the+序数词后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填t fly。
18. 考查过去将来时。由“knew，ambitius flight”可知，宾语从句为过去将来时。故填wuld change 。
19. 考查形容词短语。be crwded with为固定短语。在本句中作himself的宾语补足语。故填crwded 。
20. 考查代词。分析句子可知，bring后接双宾语，结构为：bring sb sth。他的成就为他带来了很多的奖励。所以空处应填him作brught的间接宾语。故填him。
3
Wlf Warrir II(《战狼Ⅱ》) is such a hit that it has put China in the 21. (glbe) sptlight(公众关注). It's als the first film 22. (taste) success bth in terms f bx ffice earnings and prmting Chinese values.
The film fcuses n 23. rescue peratin in Africa, led by Leng Feng, played by Wu Jing, the writer 24. directr f the film. It is based n the true events f the 2011 evacuatin(撤离) f Chinese peple frm Libya. It describes 25. the Chinese gvernment manages t prtect verseas Chinese26. (city). Just27. the message at the end f the film reads:"When yu encunter(遇到) danger in a freign land, d nt give up! Please remember, at yur back 28. (stand) a strng mtherland."
China's29. (rise) military pwer and its psitive rle in the wrld have brught ut a bigger sense f30. (prud) amng yung peple in China.
【答案】
21. glbal
22. t taste
23. a
24. and
25. hw
26. citizens
27. as
28. stands
29. rising
30. pride
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电影《战狼II》的内容介绍及其影响。
21. 考查形容词。句意：《战狼2》大获成功，使中国成为全球瞩目的焦点。此处修饰名词sptlight 用形容词，指全球的焦点，故填glbal。
22. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这也是第一部在票房收入和宣传中国价值观方面都取得成功的电影。名词film由序数词修饰时，要用不定式作后置定语。故填t taste。
23. 考查冠词。句意：这部电影讲述的是在非洲的一次救援行动，由冷锋领衔，吴京饰演，他是这部电影的编剧和导演。peratin为可数名词，此处泛指“一次救援行动”应用不定冠词，故填a。
24. 考查连词。根据句意可知，表示“编剧和导演”为并列关系，故填and。
25. 考查连接词。句意：它描述了中国政府如何设法保护海外中国公民。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，故填hw。
26. 考查名词的数。短语Chinese citizen“中国人；中国公民”，此处没有冠词，故用复数形式citizens。
27. 考查介词。句意：正如电影结尾的那句话：“当你在异国他乡遇到危险时，不要放弃!”请记住，在你的背后站着一个强大的祖国。”此处表示“正如，如同”用as，指正如电影最后的话，故填 as。
28. 考查主谓一致。介词短语at yur back置句首，句子使用全部倒装，根据语境，用一般现在时，句中主语是a strng mtherland是单数，与之一致谓语也用第三人称单数，故填stands。
29. 考查现在分词。句意：中国军事实力的不断增强及其在世界上的积极作用，使中国年轻人产生了更大的自豪感。指不断上升的军事实力用现在分词，故填rising。
30. 考查名词。短语sense f pride，此处指“骄傲感；自豪感”，用名词作宾语。故填 pride。
4
Hw shuld yu behave when yu meet smene fr the first time? An American shakes yur hands 31. (firm) while lking yu straight in the eye. In many parts f Asia, there is n physical cntact at all. In Japan, yu shuld bw, and the 32. (much) respect yu want t shw, the deeper yu shuld bw. In Thailand, peple greet each ther by pressing bth hands tgether at the chest.
In Spain, lunch is ften the biggest meal f the day, and can last tw r three hurs. Fr this reasn, many peple eat a light breakfast and a late dinner. In Mexic, lunch is a time 33. (relax), and many peple prefer nt t discuss business as they eat. In Britain, it's nt unusual t have a business meeting ver breakfast.
In mst cuntries, an exchange f business cards 34. (be) necessary fr all intrductins. Yu shuld include yur cmpany name and yur psitin. If yu are ging t a cuntry 35. yur language is nt widely spken, yu can get the back side f yur card printed in the lcal language. In a wrd, when travelling abrad, we shuld fllw lcal habits.
【答案】
31. firmly
32. mre
33. t relax
34. is
35. where
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了各个国家的文明礼仪和文化。
31. 考查副词。firmly为副词修饰动词shakes。故填firmly。
32. 考查形容词比较级。分析句子可知，本句为“the+比较级+比较级”的用法。故填mre。
33. 考查动词。分析句子可知，time后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填t relax。
34. 考查主谓一致和一般现在时。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，句子结构为主系表结构。主语为an exchange f business cards，系动词为is。故填is 。
35. 考查关系副词。分析句子可知，先行词为a cuntry ，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故填 where。
5
It's nly been ne mnth since Dean LaBarba 36. （graduate） frm medical schl-but he wasn't expecting t have started his life-saving career s sn.
Last mnth, LaBarba was37. a 12-hur flight frm Zurich t Ls Angeles with his wife when a female passenger38. （sit） clse t them said that she didn't feel well . Befre she culd get up 39. （use） the restrm,she fell dwn .LaBarba40. （immediate） rushed t the wman's side, nly t find that she didn't have a pulse （脉 搏）.With the help f anther passenger,he had the wman lie acrss a rw f41. (seat） s he culd begin pushing her chest. After six pushes.42. started t wake up.
LaBarba ,his wife,and the passenger 43. （(mve） t first class,where the newly-graduated dctr mnitred her health.
The passenger expressed her extreme gratitude tward LaBarba 44. happened t be the nly dctr n bard the 300-persn flight that day. He said that 45. experience cnfirmed his "calling and desire t help peple".
【答案】
36. graduated
37. n
38. sitting
39. t use
40. immediately
41. seats
42. she
43. were mved
44. wh
45. the/this
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个感人的故事。LaBarba刚从一学校毕业不到一个月，就在一次乘坐飞机的旅途中拯救了一名女乘客的性命。
36. 考查一般过去时。句意：自从Dean LaBarba从医学校毕业到现在只有一个月的时间。此处为since引导的时间状语从句，从句中需要用一般过去时，故填graduated。
37. 考查介词。句意：上个月LaBarba正和妻子乘坐航班由苏黎世飞往洛杉矶,这时一名坐在他们旁边的女性乘客说她感觉不太好。be n a flight t飞往。故填n。
38. 考查现在分词作定语。句意：上个月LaBarba正和妻子乘坐航班由苏黎世飞往洛杉矶,这时一名坐在他们旁边的女性乘客说她感觉不太好。a female passenger与sit构成主谓关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填sitting。
39. 考查不定式作目的状语。句意：她还没来得及起来去厕所，就摔倒了。根据句意可知此处去使用厕所是站起来的目的。故填t use。
40. 考查副词。句意：LaBarba立刻冲向那位女士旁边，结果发现她已经没有脉搏。此处为副词immediately修饰动词rushed。故填immediately。
41. 考查名词单复数。句意：在另一为乘客的帮助之下，他让那位女士躺在一排座椅上。此处seat为可数名词，且前面由a rw f修饰。故填seats。
42. 考查代词。句意：在按压胸部六次之后，那位女士醒过来了。此处应用代词she代指the wman。故填she。
43. 考查被动语态。句意：LaBarba，他的妻子和那位女乘客被转移到了头等舱。根据句意可知此处应用被动语态，结合时态可知，应填were mved。
44. 考查定语从句。句意：那位女乘客向LaBarba表达了感激之情，LaBarba碰巧是飞机上唯一一名医生。此处为wh引导的定语从句修试先行词LaBarba，且在从句中做主语。故填wh。
45. 考查冠词/指示代词。句意：这次经历使他坚信了帮助别人的渴望。此处应使用定冠词the(或指示代词this)强调特指。故填the/this。
6
Anna had a car accident when she was a teenager. She lst her arms because f that. What’s wrse, when she was twenty years ld, she lst her parents. Her elder sister, 46. is ten years lder than her, tld her she’d take care f her. Hwever, Anna refused 47. (live) with her. Instead, she said she wuld take care f 48. (she). She managed t enter cllege and 49. (study) very hard. Fur 50. (year) later, she graduated and was ffered wrk. Once she wrte in her diary, “I am quite lucky. 51. I lst my arms, I still have my legs.” Anna lst her arms, but she chse t face it in a psitive way. Instead f 52. (feel) sad every day, she decided nt t let it hld her back. She has taught us 53. gd lessn.
When smething bad happens t us, we have tw 54. (chse). One is t cmplain, and the ther is t face it 55. (brave). If we chse t escape, it will always fllw us wherever we g. If we decided t be strng, new hpes will cme. S chse wisely.
【答案】
46. wh
47. t live
48. herself
49. studied
50. years
51. Althugh
52. feeling
53. a
54. chices
55. bravely
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。安娜十几岁的时候由于车祸失去了胳膊，二十岁的时候失去了父母。她的姐姐要照顾她，她拒绝了，通过自己的努力进入了大学和找到了工作。通过安娜的故事，作者告诉我们 当我们遇到不好的事情时，我们要选择勇敢。
46. 考查定语从从句的关系词。分析可知空格处引导定语从句，先行词为her elder sister指人，在定语从句中做主语，故用wh引导这个定语从句。故填wh。
47. 考查不定式。refuse t d为固定搭配，意为“拒绝做某事”，空格处要用不定式。故填t live。
48. 考查反身代词。句意：相反，她说她会照顾她自己。根据句意，这里要表达的是照顾“她自己”，故填反身代词herself。
49. 考查时态。安娜学习努力这件事发生在过去，所以这里要用一般过去时，故填studied。
50. 考查名词单复数。year为可数名词，且由fur修饰，所以这里要用其复数形式，故填years。
51. 考查连词。句意：尽管我失去了双臂，我还有双腿。I lst my arms和I still have my legs是两个完整的句子，要用一个连词这两个句子，根据句意可知前后为转折关系，所以用althugh，故填 Althugh。
52. 考查动名词。Instead f为介词短语，后要接动词的动名词形式，故填feeling。
53. 考查冠词。lessn为可数名词，且原文没有用复数形式，所以要用冠词修饰。这里要表达的是“一堂好课”，是泛指，故用不定冠词a,故填a。
54. 考查名词单复数。句意：当发生不好的事情时，我们有两个选择。空格处做have的宾语，结合句意这里应该用所给词的名词chice, chice为可数名词且由tw修饰，要用其复数形式 ，故填chices。
55. 考查副词。空格处修饰动词face，要用副词修饰动词，故填bravely。
7
Over 70 years ag, cuntless rdinary Chinese stepped nt the battlefield t fight 56. ur hmeland in the War t Resist US Aggressin and Aid Krea, in 57. mre than 197,000 cmpatrits gave their precius 58. (life).
In that great era, 300.000-plus heres such as Yang Gensi, Huang Jiguang and Qiu Shayun and 59. (near)6,000 meritrius(值得称赞的)cllectives emerged(出现)in the vlunteer army.
When thse heres sacrificed(牺牲)60. (they), sme were still very yung. At that time, mst f the vlunteers 61. (bury)directly n the spt, except fr a few wh were transprted back t the cuntry fr burial. Fr mre than half a century, China has never frgtten 62. (it)heres. Since 2014, China 63. (receive)eight batches f remains f 825 vlunteers fr eight cnsecutive years, 64. (express)respect and admiratin fr the sacrifices f these curageus individuals while remembering histry. In this year, China has made enrmus achievements in building a mdem sciety in all respects, reflecting hw China is becming a strnger natin. In this jurney, it is the cuntless heres 65. have realized China's prsperity(繁荣)and strength.
【答案】
56. fr
57. which
58. lives
59. nearly
60. themselves
61. were buried
62. its
63. has received
64. expressing
65. that/wh
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了抗美援朝战争中志愿军舍身为国的精神，以及为新中国的繁荣昌盛做出的贡献，中国人们不会忘记他们。
56. 考查介词。句意：70多年前，在抗美援朝战争中，无数普通中国人为了祖国走上战场，19万7千多同胞献出了宝贵生命。结合句意可知表达“为……而战”用fight fr。故填fr。
57. 考查定语从句。句意：70多年前，在抗美援朝战争中，无数普通中国人为了祖国走上战场，19万7千多同胞献出了宝贵生命。分析可知，此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词the War t Resist US Aggressin and Aid Krea指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。
58. 考查名词的数。句意：70多年前，在抗美援朝战争中，无数普通中国人为了祖国走上战场，19万7千多同胞献出了宝贵生命。life作“生命”讲时为可数名词，根据their可知用其复数形式。故填lives。
59. 考查副词。句意：在那个伟大的时代，涌现了30多万像杨根思、黄继光、邱少云那样的英雄和近6000个功勋集体。结合句意表示“几乎，将近”应用副词nearly。故填nearly。
60. 考查代词。句意：当那些英雄牺牲时，有的还很年轻。主语和宾语所指相同时，宾语要用反身代词。故填themselves。
61. 考查时态和语态。句意：那时，大多数的志愿军直接埋葬在了战场，只有少数被运回祖国埋葬。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语at that time判断为一般过去时，主语vlunteers是复数，且和bury之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were buried。
62. 考查代词。句意：半个多世纪以来，中国从来没有忘记他的英雄们。修饰名词heres应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
63. 考查时态。句意：自2014年以来，中国连续八年收到了八批825名志愿者的遗体，在缅怀历史的同时，对这些勇敢者的牺牲表示敬意和钦佩。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语since 2014可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语China是单数，助动词用has。故填has received。
64. 考查非谓语动词。句意：自2014年以来，中国连续八年收到了八批825名志愿者的遗体，在缅怀历史的同时，对这些勇敢者的牺牲表示敬意和钦佩。句中已有谓语动词has received且无连词，故空处用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语China和express之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填expressing。
65. 考查强调句。句意：在此过程中，是无数的英雄实现了中国的繁荣和富强。去掉it is和设空处句子依然完整，由此可知，此处考查强调句：it be+强调部分+that+其他（强调人可用wh）。此处强调主语heres，可用that和wh。故填that/wh。
8
Tayeb is studying literature at Beijing Language and Culture University. “66. (celebrate) the Spring Festival in China makes me lve China even mre.” she said.
On Thursday, Tayeb’s university rganized an event 67. freign students culd try their hands at making dumplings, a traditinal fd 68. (eat) during the festival. Tayeb said she liked this aspect f the festival mst.
69. dumplings, Chinese New Year is als a time fr temple fairs, red lanterns, paper cuts, blessings f gd frtune and ancestr wrship.
Baymy, 70. Egyptian student at the same university, said she 71. (plan) t visit a temple fair in Chayang Park n Sunday. She was 72. (deep) impressed with the Spring Festival in 2017. She remembered hw her classmate’s father left ut plates f fd fr their families’ ancestrs.
Like Chinese, many freigners put cuplets (对联), Chinese characters wishing 73. gd frtune, n their frnt drs.
Marie, a British 74. (translate) in Beijing, 75. (send) a cuplet by her Chinese friend n Thursday. She stuck them n the dr f her apartment, tk a pht f herself standing in frnt f it, and shared it with her parents in Britain. “These cuplets are an expressin f hpe and cntain the Chinese spirit f ‘harmny’,” said Marie.
【答案】
66. Celebrating
67. where
68. eaten
69. Besides
70. an
71. planned
72. deeply
73. fr
74. translatr
75. was sent
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了三名外国留学生在中国过新年的情况。
66. 考查动名词。句意：在中国过春节让我更爱中国了。分析句子可知，本句为动名词作主语，置于句首首字母大写。故填Celebrating。
67. 考查定语从句。句意：周四，塔耶布的大学组织了一项活动，让外国学生可以尝试亲手包饺子，饺子是春节期间吃的一种传统食物。event为先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。 故填where。
68. 考查过去分词。句意：周四，塔耶布的大学组织了一项活动，让外国学生可以尝试亲手包饺子，饺子是春节期间吃的一种传统食物。a traditinal fd与eat在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。 故填eaten。
69. 考查介词。句意：除了饺子，农历新年也是举办庙会、红灯笼、剪纸、祈福和祭祖的日子。根据句意文可知，表示“除了…..还”。所以空处填介词besides，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Besides。
70. 考查冠词。句意：贝奥米是同一所大学的一名埃及留学生，她说她计划周日去朝阳区公园参加庙会。student为可数名词，泛指“一名埃及留学生”，且 Egyptian首字母的发音为元音音素。故填an。
71. 考查时态。句意：贝奥米是同一所大学的埃及留学生，她说她计划周日去朝阳区公园参加庙会。根据句意以及“said”可知，在叙述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填planned。
72. 考查副词。句意：2017年的春节给她留下了深刻的印象。副词deeply修饰impressed。故填deeply。
73. 考查介词。句意：和中国人一样，许多外国人在他们的前门上贴春联，春联是祝愿好运的汉字。wish fr sth“希望，祝愿”。故填fr。
74. 考查名词。句意：玛丽是一名在北京的英国翻译，周四她的中国朋友送给她一副对联。a后接单数名词，根据句意表示职业的名词。故填translatr。
75. 考查时态和语态。句意：玛丽是一名在北京的英国翻译，周四她的中国朋友送给她一副对联。本句在叙述过去发生的事情，所以为一般过去时，主语Marie与谓语send为被动关系，用被动语态。故填was sent。
9
Lcated in the Haidian District, nrthwest f Beijing, the Summer Palace is 15 kilmeters away frm the dwntwn area. The Summer Palace, 76. is made up f Lngevity Hill and Kunming Lake, cvers an area f 2.9 square kilmeters. Being the 77. (large) and mst well-preserved ryal garden in China, it 78. (great) influences Chinese hrticulture (园艺) and landscape 79. its famus natural views and cultural interests.
Originally named Qingyi Yuan r the Garden f Clear Nipples, the Summer Palace was first built in 1750. It later became the main residence f ryal members in 80. end f the Qing Dynasty. 81. , like mst f the gardens in Beijing, the Summer Palace 82. (destry) by fire. Then rebuilt in 1886, it was suppsed t serve as a summer resrt(避暑胜地) fr the Empress Dwager Cixi. After anther hit by the Eight-pwer Alied Frces in 1900, the Summer Palace tk the gvernment tw years 83. (repair). In 1924, it was pen t the public.
It was nt until 1998 84. The Summer Palace was added t the Wrld Heritage Sites by UNESCO , and became ne f the first natinal AAAAA turist 85. (attractin) in China.
【答案】
76. which
77. largest
78. greatly
79. with
80. the
81. Hwever/Nevertheless
82. was destryed
83. t repair
84. that
85. attractins
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了中国著名园林颐和园的历史和基本信息。
76. 考查定语从句。句意：颐和园由万寿山和昆明湖组成，占地2.9平方公里。分析句子成分可知，此处为定语从句。先行词为the Summer Palace，指物，且从句缺主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
77. 考查形容词。句意：它是中国最大、保存最完好的皇家园林。它以其著名的自然景观和人文情趣对中国的园艺和景观产生了巨大影响。后文mst well-preserved为形容词最高级，and前后连接形容词的级应该保持一致。故填largest。
78. 考查副词。句意：它是中国最大、保存最完好的皇家园林。它以其著名的自然景观和人文情趣对中国的园艺和景观产生了巨大影响。修饰动词influences需用副词greatly作状语。故填greatly。
79. 考查介词。句意：它是中国最大、保存最完好的皇家园林。它以其著名的自然景观和人文情趣对中国的园艺和景观产生了巨大影响。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用介词with表示“用……”。故填with。
80. 考查冠词。句意：它后来在清末成为了皇室成员的主要住所。in the end f为固定短语，意为“在……结束的时候”。故填the。
81. 考查副词。句意：然而，和北京的大多数园林一样，颐和园也被大火烧毁了。前文描述了颐和园的重要历史地位，后文介绍颐和园被烧毁。语义为转折关系。同时此处位于句首，应使用副词。故填Hwever/Nevertheless。
82. 考查被动语态。句意：然而，和北京的大多数园林一样，颐和园也被大火烧毁了。分析句子成分可知，此处为谓语动词。destry与the Summer Palace为动宾关系，且事情发生在过去。故填was destryed。
83. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在1900年八国联军再次袭击后，政府花了两年时间修复颐和园。It takes sb. sme time t d sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，空处需填动词不定式。故填t repair。
84. 考查强调句。句意：直到1998年，颐和园才被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产，成为中国首批国家5A级旅游景点之一。分析可知，去掉it was和设空处句子依然完整，由此可知此处为：It+be+nt until+被强调部分+that+ 其他，是固定句型，意为“直到……才”。故填that。
85. 考查名词。句意：直到1998年，颐和园才被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产，成为中国首批国家5A级旅游景点之一。attractin意为“景点”，是可数名词，ne f后面需加可数名词复数形式。故填attractins。