精品解析：2022届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三三模英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：2022届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三三模英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，答题前，考生务必用直径0，本卷命题范围等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the wman d?
A. Help the man with his wrk.
B. Ck fr the man.
C. Reply t the man later.
2. What has the man never bught nline?
A. Clthes. B. Music. C. Bks.
3. Hw did the man celebrate his birthday last year?
A. He had a picnic in a park.
B. He had a grup bike ride.
C. He had a party with his friends.
4. Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?
A. In a bkstre. B. In a library. C. In a classrm.
5. What is the wman ding?
A Organizing a cmpetitin.
B. Lking fr a partner.
C. Intrducing a club.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the man d n Saturday?
A. G camping. B. G skiing. C. G swimming.
7. What is the wman’s suggestin?
A. T stay clse t the lake.
B. T take sme warm clthes.
C. T check the weather frecast.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What did the man advise the wman t d?
A. Get relaxed befre the exam.
B. Read the bks again.
C. Watch related films.
9. Hw des the wman feel abut the exam this time?
A. Wrried. B. Cnfident. C. Tired.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which clr will the wman chse?
A. Brwn. B. Blue. C. Black.
11. What des the wman particularly like abut the cat?
A. The style. B. The size. C. The price.
12. What is the pssible relatinship between the speakers?
A. Brther and sister. B. Schlmates. C. Father and daughter.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man?
A. A phtgrapher. B. A jurnalist. C. A hst.
14. Where were Ryan’s early pictures shwn?
A. In the gallery. B. On the Internet. C. In magazines.
15. Hw lng did Ryan take phts with his sister’s phne?
A. Fr abut 4 years. B. Fr abut 8 years. C. Fr abut 12 years.
16. What des Ryan suggest yung phtgraphers d?
A. Trust themselves. B. Set achievable gals. C. Study rdinary peple.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What des the man aim t d?
A. Intrduce a plan. B. Encurage exercise. C. Shw the csts f driving.
18. What can the mney be spent n?
A. Taxes. B. Train tickets. C. Safety equipment.
19. Hw many bikes are allwed t be bught with the mney at mst?
A. Tw. B. Three. C. Fur.
20. Wh are the audience?
A. Athletes. B. Emplyees. C. Students.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are sme f the Great Walks in New Zealand, each within easy access f cities and twns. These tracks are well-kept and ppular with bth lcals and visitrs.
Milfrd Track
Milfrd Track is ne f the mst ppular Great Walks in New Zealand, with frested muntains climbing sharply ut f snw-cvered valleys. This is ne f the wettest places n the planet, with an annual average rainfall f 22 feet. The result? Amazing waterfalls, including the 1,903-ft Sutherland Falls.
Length: 33 miles
Duratin (耗时): Three days
Open: Late Octber thrugh early May
Rakiura Track
This is ne f the mre remte Great Walks n Stewart Island which is knwn fr deserted and sandy beaches? huge native frests, and its ppulatin f kiwis, the symbl f New Zealand. The flightless birds are easy t spt here, ften n the beaches.
Length: 20 miles
Duratin: Tw days
Open: All year
Abel Tasman Cast Track
Abel Tasman Track is New Zealand’s mst ppular walk. With its mild climate, strangely sculpted stne frests, blue waves and glden beaches, it’s easy t understand why. The track hugs this dramatic castline, leaving hikers t wander alng a 15-ft track, ne f the widest in New Zealand.
Length: 37 miles
Duratin: Fur t five days
Open: All year
Tngarir Nrthern Track
This track is anther f the mst ppular Great Walks, shwcasing sme f New. Zealand’s mst extreme and dramatic landscapes, frm active vlcanes, t peaceful beech frests, t what appears t be plains n Mars(火星）.
Length: 27 miles
Duratin: Tw t three days
Open: Late Octber thrugh the end f April
1 What is Milfrd Track best knwn fr?
A. Beautiful waterfalls.B. Flightless birds.
C. Dry sandy beaches.D. Active vlcanes.
2. Which track takes the lngest time?
A. Milfrd Track.B. Abel Tasman Cast Track.
C. Rakiura Track.D. Tngarir Nrthern Track.
3. When shuld freign visitrs g if they want t hike all the tracks?
A. In June.B. In July.
C. In August.D. In Nvember.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新西兰的几个徒步旅行路线。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Milfrd Track一节中“This is ne f the wettest places n the planet, with an annual average rainfall f 22 feet. The result? Amazing waterfalls, including the 1,903-ft Sutherland Falls.(这里是地球上最潮湿的地方之一，年平均降雨量达22英尺。 结果呢? 令人惊叹的瀑布，包括1903英尺高的萨瑟兰瀑布)”可知，米尔福德赛道最著名的是美丽的瀑布。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。对比四条线路的耗时建议可知，Milfrd Track.Duratin: Three days；Rakiura Track.Duratin: Tw days；Abel Tasman Cast Track.Duratin: Fur t five days；Tngarir Nrthern Track.Duratin: Tw t three days；所以Abel Tasman Cast Track花最长的时间，需要4-5天。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Milfrd Track一节中“Open: Late Octber thrugh early May(开放时间：10月底至5月初)”和Rakiura Track一节中“Open: All year(全年开放)”和Abel Tasman Cast Track一节中“Open: All year(全年开放)”Tngarir Nrthern Track一节中“Open: Late Octber thrugh the end f April(开放时间：10月底至4月底)”可知，如果想一次玩遍这些地方，外国游客可以在十一月份去新西兰。故选D项。
B
A flash f light, then an explsin — BAM! I sit upright up ut f a sund sleep. I’m nt thinking clearly, but I knw I’m n a muntaintp, in a fire twer, in the middle f the night and a lightning strm in prgress and it seems there is a fire utside the huse. With my headlamp n, I step ut int the night strm t put the fire ut...
That was in mid-August, 2018.
There are thusands f such fire sptters like me acrss the US natinal parks. Sme f them are paid, and sme are vlunteers. My fire twer in Mntana’s Glacier Natinal Park was built in 1934.
Everything abut the twers are designed t lk ut. My tiny hme has 19 large windws and ne windwed dr. All the furniture sits n higher than tw feet, s nne f the windws are blcked.
Even in bad fire years, there’s a rhythm t the days. I usually wake up t early mrning light, make a steamy cup f cffee n my stve and drink it utside n a chair, while listening t the birds and insects. Withut a dubt, this is my favrite part f the day.
After the drink, I use my pwerful telescpe t scan miles f the edges where muntains meet the sky in case smething wrng has escaped my eyes. At 10 am, I reprt t the Frest Service Center in Kalispell the weather at my lcatin.
My fficial wrking day ends at 4:30 pm. It means I’m free t take a walk befre I return t my twer t enjy the beautiful sunset! This is a lng-drawn-ut prcess with breath-taking clr and light changes. If I dn’t think it’s a shw wrth watching, I shuld prbably find anther jb.
Despite living in such a quiet huse with killer views, fire sptters’ life is definitely nt fr everyne. The first summer that I was hired in the 1970s, I was the third fire sptter f the seasn—the first tw decided in a matter f days that it wasn’t what they imagined, r perhaps they never imagined hw the lneliness wuld affect them.
4. What is the main purpse f the first paragraph?
A. T describe fire sptters’ dangerus wrk.
B. T reprt an accident in mid-August, 2018.
C. T intrduce the authr himself r herself.
D. T shw the hardships faced by a firefighter.
5. What des the authr say abut the fire twers?
A. Sme f them are designed fr turists.
B. Mst f them are built in Mntana.
C. They are uncmfrtably small and ld.
D. All f them have brad and unblcked views.
6. What appeals t the authr mst as a fire sptter?
A. The beautiful scenery.B. The high incme.
C. The shrt wrking hurs.D. The adventurus trips.
7. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Fire sptters’ life is very exciting.
B. Fire sptters have t get used t lneliness.
C. Applicants understand fire sptters’ jb well.
D. Applicants have t ignre the effects f lneliness.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记述了美国国家公园的火警观察员日常的一天。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I’m nt thinking clearly, but I knw I’m n a muntaintp, in a fire twer, in the middle f the night and a lightning strm in prgress and it seems there is a fire utside the huse. With my headlamp n, I step ut int the night strm t put the fire ut...”（我没有想清楚，但我知道我在一座山顶上，在一座消防塔里，在午夜，一场闪电风暴正在进行，房子外面似乎发生了火灾。我打开前照灯，踏入夜雨中扑灭大火……）和第三段“There are thusands f such fire sptters like me acrss the US natinal parks.”（在美国的国家公园里，像我这样的火灾监测员有成千上万。）可推断，第一段主要是为介绍本文的主人公(即作者本人)作铺垫。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Everything abut the twers are designed t lk ut. My tiny hme has 19 large windws and ne windwed dr. All the furniture sits n higher than tw feet, s nne f the windws are blcked.”（塔楼的一切都是为了向外看而设计的。我的小房子有19扇大窗户和一扇窗门。所有的家具都不超过两英尺，所以没有一个窗户被挡住。）可知，塔楼的视野很开阔。D项“All f them have brad and unblcked views.”（它们都有广阔的视野。）符合原文表述，故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第七段“This is a lng-drawn-ut prcess with breath-taking clr and light changes. If I dn’t think it’s a shw wrth watching, I shuld prbably find anther jb. ”（这是一个漫长的过程，有着令人叹为观止的色彩和光线变化。如果我不认为这是一个值得一看的节目，我可能应该再找一份工作。）可知，能让作者忍受寂寞留下来的主要因素是那山间的美景。A项“The beautiful scenery.”（美丽的风景。）符合题意，故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Despite living in such a quiet huse with killer views, fire sptters’ life is definitely nt fr everyne. The first summer that I was hired in the 1970s, I was the third fire sptter f the seasn—the first tw decided in a matter f days that it wasn’t what they imagined, r perhaps they never imagined hw the lneliness wuld affect them.”（尽管住在这样一个安静的房子里，风景很美，但火警的生活绝对不适合每个人。我在1970年代被聘用的第一个夏天，我是本季的第三个火灾观察员。前两个在几天内就认定这不是他们想象的工作，或者也许他们从来没有想过孤独会对他们产生怎样的影响。）可推断，要想留下来，火警观察员必须要能忍受寂寞。B项“Fire sptters have t get used t lneliness.”（消防员必须习惯孤独。）符合推断，故选B项。
C
With natins preparing t spend billins t redesign their cities with a new fcus n cycling it’s wrth remembering hw the inventin f the bicycle changed scieties all ver the wrld.
The persn generally credited with inventing the mdern bicycle was an Englishman named Jhn Kemp Starley. In 1885, the 30-year-ld inventr began experimenting in his wrkshp with a chain-driven bicycle featuring tw much smaller wheels. When it first appeared at a bicycle shw in 1886, his inventin was regarded as a curisity. But tw years later, when the next mdel was paired with the newly invented rubber tire—which nt nly cushined the ride but als made the new bicycle abut 30 percent faster— the result was magic.
Fr a few years in the 1890s, almst anyne wanted t learn t ride, and almst everyne did. The king f Zanzibar tk up cycling. S did the emperr f Russia. But it was the middle and wrking classes arund the glbe that truly made the bicycle their wn. Fr the first time in histry, the masses were able t cme and g as they pleased. N mre need fr expensive hrses and carriages.
The rcketing demand led hundreds f new cmpanies arund the wrld t ffer their wn versins. At the Stanley Bicycle Shw in Lndn in 1895, abut 200 bicycle makers exhibited 3,000 mdels. One f the biggest makers was Clumbia Bicycles, whse factry in Hartfrd, Cnnecticut, culd turn ut a bicycle a minute thanks t its autmated assembly line (流水线)— a pineering technlgy that ne day wuld becme the backbne f the autmbile industry. By 1898, a third f all patent applicatins in the US were bicycle-related.
The bicycle even imprved the human gene (基因) pl. Newly liberated yung peple rde arund the cuntryside at will, meeting up in distant villages. Wmen were especially enthusiastic. They abandned their trublesme skirts and tk t the rad in grups. Marriage recrds in England shw a marked rise in inter-village marriages during the bicycle craze f the 1890s.
8. What can we knw abut Jhn Kemp Starley’s first mdel?
A. It was invented in 1888.B. It had tw bigger wheels.
C. It did nt have rubber tires.D. It was accepted immediately.
9. When were bicycles widely adpted by the public?
A. In the 1860s.B. In the 1870s.C. In the 1880s.D. In the 1890s.
10. What are the statistics in paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The fast grwing demand fr bicycles.
B. The huge success f the bicycle industry.
C. The great cnvenience ffered by bicycles.
D. The ppularity f the newly invented bicycles.
11. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Hw Have Bicycles Changed Our Wrld?
B. Which Cuntry Invented the First Bicycle?
C. Wh Is the Inventr f the First Bicycle?
D. What Led t the Genetic Imprvement?
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自行车的发明历史及其给世界带来的巨大影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“But tw years later, when the next mdel was paired with the newly invented rubber tire—which nt nly cushined the ride but als made the new bicycle abut 30 percent faster— the result was magic.(但两年后，当新型号的自行车配上新发明的橡胶轮胎时——它不仅缓冲了骑行，而且使新自行车速度快了30%——结果是神奇的。)”可反推，他的第一代自行车是没有塑料轮胎的。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Fr a few years in the 1890s, almst anyne wanted t learn t ride, and almst everyne did.(在19世纪90年代的几年里，几乎所有人都想学骑自行车，而且几乎每个人都学了。)”及最后一段“Marriage recrds in England shw a marked rise in inter-village marriages during the bicycle craze f the 1890s.(英国的婚姻记录显示，在19世纪90年代自行车热潮期间，跨村婚姻显著增加。)”可知，自行车是在19世纪90年代被大众广泛采用的。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The rcketing demand led hundreds f new cmpanies arund the wrld t ffer their wn versins. At the Stanley Bicycle Shw in Lndn in 1895, abut 200 bicycle makers exhibited 3,000 mdels. (飞速增长的需求导致全球数百家新公司推出了自己的版本。1895年，在伦敦的斯坦利自行车展上，大约200家自行车制造商展出了3000种型号)”及“By 1898，a third f all patent applicatins in the US were bicycle-related.(到1898年，美国三分之一的专利申请与自行车有关。)”可推断，本段主要是用数据说明该行业的空前繁荣。故选B。
【11题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文，特别是第一段“With natins preparing t spend billins t redesign their cities with a new fcus n cycling, it’s wrth remembering hw the inventin f the bicycle changed scieties all ver the wrld.(各国正准备投入数十亿美元重新设计城市，重点关注自行车，值得记住的是自行车的发明如何改变了世界各地的社会。) ”可知，本文主要介绍了自行车的发明给世界带来的巨大影响。故选A。
D
Jy Harj’s Pet Warrir is a wnderful bk that mixes memir (回忆录), petry, sngs, and dreams int smething that pens a windw int the mst imprtant events f Harj’s life and invites readers t recnnect with themselves.
Pet Warrir is a spiritual cmpanin t Crazy Brave, Harj’s first memir, but it perates alne and reading the first memir isn’t a requirement in rder t enjy Pet Warrir. Rather than a memir fllwing a strict time rder and detailing all majr events, this bk fcuses n the rle f petry, art, and music in Harj’s life and her develpment as an artist. This is als a bk abut pain and grwth. Harj talks abut the significance f ur ancestrs’ stries and lessns, discusses the music that shaped her childhd in a brken hme, and shares her understanding —and cnversatins—with ther artists, her family, snakes, birds and plants. But the simplicity with which Harj writes abut deep things makes this a beautiful bk.
Pet Warrir is als a guide t life fr thse willing t listen. She writes, “We are all here t serve each ther. At sme pint we have t understand that we d nt need t carry a stry that is unbearable. We can bserve the stry, feel the stry, let the stry g and frgive the stry. Then we can use the materials f it t build a huse f wisdm.”
Jy Harj is mre than a pet, painter and musician; she is a spiritual being aware f the meaning f everything we can see as well as the things arund us that are usually invisible. And Pet Warrir is an invitatin t pen ur eyes and see it all with hers.
12. Which f the fllwing best describes Pet Warrir?
A. It is t difficult t be enjyed by readers.
B. It has t be read tgether with Crazy Brave.
C. It describes Harj’s life in a strict time rder.
D. It is clsely related t Harj’s first memir.
13. What des Harj suggest we d with ur painful past?
A. Learn frm it.B. Ignre it.
C. Cver it up.D. Bear it silently.
14. What des the wrd “invisible” underlined in the last paragraph mean?
A Ordinary.B. Rare.C. Hidden.D. Imprtant.
15. Frm which is the text prbably taken?
A. A bigraphy.B. A bk review.C. A shrt stry.D. A writing guide.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要评介了 Jy Harj的第二部自传体诗集。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Pet Warrir is a spiritual cmpanin t Crazy Brave , Harj’s first memir, but it perates alne and reading the first memir isn’t a requirement in rder t enjy Pet Warrir.”(Pet Warrir是Harj的第一部回忆录 Crazy Brave的精神伴侣，但它单独运作，阅读第一部回忆录并不是享受Pet Warrir的必要条件。)可知, Pet Warrir是Crazy Brave的精神伴侣，与其密切相关。D项“It is clsely related t Harj’s first memir.”(它与Harj 的第一部回忆录密切相关。)符合原文表述,故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“At sme pint we have t understand that we d nt need t carry a stry that is unbearable. We can bserve the stry, feel the stry, let the stry g and frgive the stry. Then we can use the materials f it t build a huse f wisdm.”(在某些时候，我们必须明白，我们不需要承载难以忍受的故事。我们可以观察故事，感受故事，放下故事，原谅故事。然后我们可以用它的材料建造一座智慧之屋。)可以推断，作者鼓励我们观察、感受、放下和原谅故事，且从中吸取教训。A项“Learn frm it.”(从中学习。)符合推断，故选A项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。分析句子结构可知，as well as意为“还”，连接前后两个相互补充的部分，前为“everything we can see”(我们能看到的一切)，后为“the things arund us that are usually invisible.”，可推测其含义为“通常我们周围看不见的一切”，故invisible意为“看不见的”。C项“Hidden”(隐藏的)是其同义表达，故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文，尤其是第一段“Jy Harj’s Pet Warrir is a wnderful bk ”(乔伊·哈乔的《诗人战士》是一本精彩的书)及最后一段“And Pet Warrir is an invitatin t pen ur eyes and see it all with hers. ”(诗人战士邀请我们睁开眼睛，用她的眼光看这一切。)可推断，本文是一篇书评。B项“A bk review.”(书评。)符合推断，故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sure, it isn’t easy t be a creative musician r artist. ____16____ Here are tips that can help yu t access that creative vice in yur head.
The first thing t remember is that all peple are creative and hw yu use that creativity is up t yu. Yu can even use yur creativity t manage yur schedule r add an ingredient t a familiar recipe. ____17____, yu will shw yur creativity everywhere.
Once yu’ve reminded yurself that yu’re a creative persn, the next step is t learn hw creativity wrks in yur brain. Many studies shw that brain needs time t relax and wander t set ff the creative spark(火花). It is especially true fr thse wh have hit a radblck. Accrding t the American Psychlgy Assciatin, creativity happens when yu start ding r thinking abut things unrelated t the task at hand. ____18____
Once yu knw what creativity is and hw it wrks, yu may wnder hw yu can mve frward. One suggestin is t take intentinal breaks. ____19____, N phnes, n TV, n music. These 15 minutes n any busy day can make a huge difference in yur creativity.
____20____. I’m sure mst f us can think f a time when a quickly appraching deadline tuched ff yur creativity and allwed yu t push thrugh. But using stress and pressure t get things dne can’t be a lng-term slutin. Actually, relying t heavily n them can lead t burnuts in the future.
A. Dn’t frce yurself t keep ging
B. Whether yu can trust yurself r nt
C. When yu feel well-rested, start by ding smething
D. This includes drawing silly pictures during a bring meeting
E. But it desn’t mean that yu cannt be creative in yur daily life
F. If yu keep trying t handle such daily activities in different ways
G. Fr example, yu can stare at a wall fr 15 minutes every nw and then
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个能帮助我们在日常生活中表现得更有创意的方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Sure, it isn’t easy t be a creative musician r artist.(当然，成为一个有创造力的音乐家或艺术家并不容易。)”可知，空前谈到要成为非常有创意的音乐家及艺术家确实不容易，而下文则介绍了几个能帮助我们在日常生活中更有创意的方法，所以这里为承上启下句。所以E项“But it desn’t mean that yu cannt be creative in yur daily life(但是，这并不是说我们在日常生活中就不能表现出创造力)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Yu can even use yur creativity t manage yur schedule r add an ingredient t a familiar recipe. (你甚至可以用你的创造力来管理你的时间表，或者在熟悉的食谱中添加一种配料。)”和后文“yu will shw yur creativity everywhere.(你就能处处出创意)”可知，日常生活中就能尝试各种方法开实施你的创意。F项“If yu keep trying t handle such daily activities in different ways(如果你能坚持在这些日常活动中试试不同的方法)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Accrding t the American Psychlgy Assciatin, creativity happens when yu start ding r thinking abut things unrelated t the task at hand. (根据美国心理学协会的说法，当你开始做或思考与手头任务无关的事情时，创造力就会产生。)”可知，创意经常发生在我们做无关的事情的时候，故D项“This includes drawing silly pictures during a bring meeting(包括在开会无聊时随手乱涂乱画)”正好提供了一个很合适的例子。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“One suggestin is t take intentinal breaks.(一个建议是有意识地休息。)”及后文“These 15 minutes n any busy day can make a huge difference in yur creativity. (在任何忙碌的日子里，这15分钟都能让你的创造力大不相同。)”可知，这里介绍休息对创意的好处。G项“Fr example, yu can stare at a wall fr 15 minutes every nw and then(比如，你可以时不时地对着墙发愣15分钟)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“15 minutes”与后文中的“15 minutes”相一致。故选G。
【20题详解】
因为该空处于主题句位置，所以它应该能概括本段的大意。根据下文“I’m sure mst f us can think f a time when a quickly appraching deadline tuched ff yur creativity and allwed yu t push thrugh. But using stress and pressure t get things dne can’t be a lng-term slutin. Actually, relying t heavily n them can lead t burnuts in the future.(我相信我们大多数人都能想到这样一个时刻：一个快速接近的截止日期激发了你的创造力，让你得以完成任务。但是利用压力来完成任务并不是长久之计。事实上，过于依赖它们会导致未来的倦怠。)”可知，尽管压力有时能让我们急中生智，但经常这样会导致创造力枯竭。故A项“Dn’t frce yurself t keep ging(不要给自己过大的压力)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I believe I have a persnal respnsibility t have a psitive influence n sciety and I’ve tried t achieve this gal by chsing t be a dctr and a scientist. I have ____21____ principles that guide my life. I think abut them every day and have ____22____ them all my prfessinal life.
First, I am always hungry fr ____23____ I seek and learn every day: frm an experiment in the lab, frm reading a(n) ____24____ jurnal, frm taking care f a ____25____. Because f this, I ____26____ get bred. I have accepted that I will never knw r understand as much as I want.
Secnd, I believe in wrking fr excellence. I am ____27____ abut the big and small things! I d nt ____28____ fr this. This is nt anxiety withut a ____29____. This anxiety creates a ____30____ tensin that drives me t reach my limited ptential. This has made me a ____31____ dctr and scientist. Withut this tensin, I wuldn’t be as fcused. This is what keeps the search fr knwledge ____32____!
Third, I believe that as a dctr my gal is t reduce the ____33____ f humankind. When I chse t ____34____ AIDS in the 1980s, many f my clleagues thught I was misguided t fcus all f my attentin n what was ____35____ cnsidered “just a gay man’s disease”. But I knew deep dwn that this was ging t becme a public health ____36____. Therefre, I have spent all f my prfessinal ____37____ in AIDS research, care f AIDS patients and public health plicy.
I believe that I must ____38____ seek and learn, accept ____39____ shrt f excellence if I want t put this terrible disease under ____40____.
21. A. twB. threeC. furD. five
22. A. appealed tB. argued withC. wrried abutD. stuck t
23. A. fdB. knwledgeC. praiseD. prfit
24. A. scientificB. entertainingC. rdinaryD. private
25. A. friendB. clleagueC. patientD. student
26. A. easilyB. frequentlyC. rarelyD. unnecessarily
27. A. anxiusB. curiusC. srryD. careless
28. A. searchB. waitC. aplgizeD. pay
29. A. cstB. disadvantageC. guidelineD. purpse
30. A. terribleB. wrseningC. healthyD. harmful
31. A. betterB. clderC. pruderD. kinder
32. A. annyingB. excitingC. bringD. cnfusing
33. A. sufferingB. wasteC. happinessD. hunger
34. A. spreadB. studyC. getD. invent
35. A. ccasinallyB. thenC. finallyD. late
36. A. agreementB. prfC. plicyD. disaster
37. A. lifeB. incmeC. cnnectinD. develpment
38. A. successfullyB. half-heartedlyC. cntinuallyD. unwillingly
39. A. smethingB. nthingC. anythingD. everything
40. A. pressureB. attackC. guaranteeD. cntrl
【答案】21 B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。美国流行病专家福奇是一位传奇式人物：他淡泊名利、追求真知与卓越。他最早意识到艾滋病迟早会成为公共卫生灾难，并顶着压力一生致力于该病的防治。
【21题详解】
考查数词词义辨析。句意：我有三个原则来指导我的生活。A. tw两个； B. three三个；C. fur四个；D. five五个。根据下文的渴求真知、追求卓越及救死扶伤可知，福奇一生坚持三大原则。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我每天都记着它们，并在我的职业生涯中一直坚持着。A. appealed t吸引，呼吁；B. argued with争论；C. wrried abut担忧；D. stuck t坚持。从下文可知，福奇一生都“坚持”三大原则。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，我总是渴望每天寻求和学习的知识。A. fd食物；B. knwledge知识； C. praise表扬；D. prfit盈利。从后文的“I seek and learn …frm an experiment…frm reading”可知，我从实验和阅读中学到的是“知识”。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，我总是渴望每天寻求和学习的知识：从实验室的实验中，从阅读科学杂志中，从照顾病人中。A. scientific科学的；B. entertaining有趣的，令人愉快的；C. rdinary普通的；D. private私人的。从“ I am always hungry fr knwledge I seek and learn every day”可知，为了获得知识，坚持阅读科学(scientific)杂志。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，我总是渴望每天寻求和学习的知识：从实验室的实验中，从阅读科学杂志中，从照顾病人中。A. friend朋友；B. clleague同事；C. patient病人； D. student学生。从上文“I’ve tried t achieve this gal by chsing t be a dctr and a scientist.”可知，作者是一名医生，照顾的是“病人”。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：正因为如此，我很少会觉得无聊。A. easily容易地；B. frequently频繁地；C. rarely很少地；D. unnecessarily没有必要地。从前文可知，作者对知识孜孜以求，所以他很少(rarely)感到疲倦。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为大大小小的事情焦虑！A. anxius焦虑的；B. curius好奇的；C. srry遗憾的，抱歉的；D. careless粗心的。根据下文“This anxiety creates a tensin that drives me t reach my limited ptential.”的anxiety（焦虑）可知，此空选其形容词anxius。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会为此道歉。A. search搜寻，查找；B. wait等待；C. aplgize道歉；D. pay支付。根据下文可知，焦虑带来的紧张感，让作者能够集中精力，并不是什么坏事，他不觉得有什么不对。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是没有目的的焦虑。A. cst花费；B. disadvantage不利，缺点；C. guideline指导方针；D. purpse目的。此处表示“这种忧虑是有目的(purpse)的”，是能够让作者目标明确的，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种焦虑产生了一种健康的紧张感，驱使我发挥自己有限的潜力。A. terrible糟糕的，严重的；B. wrsening恶化的； C. healthy健康的；D. harmful有害的。从“…that drives me t reach my limited ptential(驱使我发挥自己有限的潜力)”可知，这种紧张感是有利的，要选一个积极意义的形容词，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我成为了一名更好的医生和科学家。A. better更好的；B. clder更冷漠的；C. pruder更骄傲的；D. kinder更友好的。从“I believe in wrking fr excellence. (追求卓越)”可知，这种焦虑让作者变得更好，更优秀。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是保持对知识的探索令人兴奋的原因！A. annying令人气恼的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. bring令人烦恼的；D. cnfusing令人困惑的。从上文“Withut this tensin, I wuldn’t be as fcused. (没有这种紧张，我就不会如此专注。)”可知，坚持对知识的探索，尽管会让人焦虑紧张，却能让人专注，让人变得更优秀，要选一个积极意义的形容词，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第三，我认为作为一名医生，我的目标是减少人类的痛苦。A. suffering痛苦；B. waste浪费；C. happiness快乐，幸福；D. hunger饥饿。医生的职责自然是减轻病人的“痛苦”，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在20世纪80年代选择研究艾滋病时，我的许多同事认为我被误导了，把我所有的注意力都集中在当时被认为“只是一种同性恋疾病”上。A. spread传播；B. study研究；C. get获得；D. invent发明。从下文“ I have spent all f my prfessinal … in AIDS research”可知，作者致力于“研究”艾滋病，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我在20世纪80年代选择研究艾滋病时，我的许多同事认为我被误导了，把我所有的注意力都集中在当时被认为“只是一种同性恋疾病”上。A. ccasinally偶尔；B. then当时，那时；C. finally最后；D. late迟，晚。此处表示在“在20世纪80年代”，艾滋病被当作是“只是一种同性恋疾病”，指“那时候，当时”，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我内心深处知道这将成为一场公共健康灾难。A. agreement协议，达成一致；B. prf证据；C. plicy政策；D. disaster灾难。此处指的是被只当做同性恋疾病的艾滋病将会在很多人中传播，成为一种公共疾病，所以被称为公共健康灾难，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我把我所有的职业生涯都花在了艾滋病研究、艾滋病患者护理和公共卫生政策上。A. life生活，人生，生涯；B. incme收入；C. cnnectin联系；D. develpment发展。作者是一名医生和科学家，一生致力于艾滋病的研究，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我相信，如果我想控制住这种可怕的疾病，我必须不断地寻求和学习，绝不接受任何不卓越的东西。A. successfully成功地；B. half-heartedly三心二意地；C. cntinually不断地； D. unwillingly不愿意地。作者一生坚持的三个原则之一就是渴求真知，所以他一直坚持学习。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：我相信，如果我想控制住这种可怕的疾病，我必须不断地寻求和学习，绝不接受任何不卓越的东西。A. smething某事，某物；B. nthing没有任何东西；C. anything任何东西；D. everything一切。作者一生追求卓越，所以不优秀的东西是不接受的，故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信，如果我想控制住这种可怕的疾病，我必须不断地寻求和学习，绝不接受任何不卓越的东西。A. pressure压力；B. attack攻击；C. guarantee保证；D. cntrl控制。作者一生致力于艾滋病的研究，就是为了把这种疾病“控制”住，故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many peple may ask why we spend s much time and mney n space technlgies that will send us int space and help us explre planets in the ____41____ (distant) while, at hme n Earth, we already have s many challenges in need f slutins.
Actually, the develpment f space technlgies has already benefited Earth in ____42____ (many) ways than ne. Fr example, the GPS system has helped us t reduce energy use n sea, land and in the air by up t 35%. Other technlgies ____43____ (adapt) frm space use have als helped us t reduce greenhuse gas emissins (排放), ____44____ affect envirnments acrss the glbe. One f the best examples is slar pwer. It ____45____ (create) by NASA in the 1950s fr its space labs. Nwadays, it has been widely used in the wrld ____46____ (replace) cal and il in rder t cut greenhuse gas emissins.
Nt nly can space technlgies prtect sciety ____47____ climate change, but they can als help ____48____ extremely wide range f Earth-based services and industries. And in the next 5 t 20 years, we will see mre advanced space technlgies make ____49____ (they) marks in ur daily lives.
In shrt, space technlgies are a very imprtant part f ur sciety. As we further explre the space, the new technlgies needed t d s will ____50____ (great) benefit ur lives dwn n Earth and help us t imprve ur sciety and safeguard ur planet, t.
【答案】41. distance
42. mre 43. adapted
44. which 45. was created
46. t replace
47. frm##against
48. an 49. their
50. greatly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了太空技术的发展能够极大地推动人类社会的进步。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：许多人可能会问，为什么我们要花这么多时间和金钱在太空技术上，这些技术将把我们送入太空，帮助我们探索遥远的行星，而在地球上，我们已经有这么多需要解决的挑战。根据空前的冠词the可知，所填词为名词，作介词in的宾语。distant的名词为distance，in the distance (在远处)。故填distance。
【42题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：事实上，空间技术的发展已经在多个方面使地球受益。根据空后的than可知，此处应用形容词many的比较级mre。故填mre。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其它适应于空间利用的技术也帮助我们减少了影响全球环境的温室气体排放。分析该句成分可知，已有谓语have helped，adapt应用非谓语动词形式，所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰technlgies。而且根据句意可知adapt 与technlgies之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词adapted表被动。故填adapted。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：其它适应于空间利用的技术也帮助我们减少了影响全球环境的温室气体排放。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是一个非限制性定语从句；先行词为emissins，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句，故填which。
【45题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：它是美国宇航局在20世纪50年代为其太空实验室创建的。分析句子可知，空处为句子的谓语，由时间状语in the 1950s可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事，故用所给动词的一般过去时，且It与create在语义及逻辑上存在动宾关系，故此处用所给动词的被动语态。主语it为单数，be动词用was，故填was created。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，它已经在世界上广泛使用，以取代煤炭和石油，以减少温室气体的排放。分析该句成分可知，已有谓语has been used，replace应用非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知此处表示“为了，以”，所以用所给动词的不定式，作目的状语。故填t replace。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：空间技术不仅可以保护社会免受气候变化的影响，而且还可以帮助范围极其广泛的地球服务和工业。“prtect sth frm/against...”意为“保护某物免于……”，为固定搭配。故填frm或against。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。句意：空间技术不仅可以保护社会免受气候变化的影响，而且还可以帮助范围极其广泛的地球服务和工业。a wide range f意为“范围广泛的”，为固定短语。又因为空后的extremely为元音音素开头的单词，此处应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【49题详解】
考查代词。句意：在未来的5到20年，我们将看到更先进的空间技术在我们的日常生活中留下印记。分析句子可知，此处用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词marks，表示“它们的印记”，故填their。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着我们进一步探索太空，所需要的新技术将大大有利于我们在地球上的生活，并帮助我们改善我们的社会和保护我们的星球。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处修饰动词benefit，作状语，故用所给形容词的副词形式greatly。故填greatly。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week, I had stayed at the Hyatt Htel in Chicag fr business, and I lved s much that I extended my stay thrugh the weekend!
The htel was huge, with tw building and ver 2,000 rms. My rm was big enugh r well kept. My bed was very cmfrtable. The shwer was very relaxed. I had a great meal in the htel and the cffee was such delicius that I went there twice. The fitness center was clean and inspiring. Like the typical Hyatt htel, accmmdatins there were far beynd that I thught pssible. I will recmmend that htel with thse wh happens t be in the city.
【答案】1.删除had
2.lved后加it
3.building→ buildings
4.r→ and
5.relaxed→ relaxing
6.such→ s
7.the→ a
8.that→ what
9.with→ t
10.happens→ happen
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者记叙了在芝加哥凯悦酒店的住宿经过和感受。
【51题详解】
考查时态。句意：上周，我出差住在芝加哥的凯悦酒店，我非常喜欢它，所以我把我的住宿延长到整个周末！根据时间状语last week可知，时态用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故将had删除。
【52题详解】
考查代词。句意：上周，我住在芝加哥的凯悦酒店商务，我非常喜欢它，所以我把我的住宿延长到整个周末！分析句子结合句意可知，lved缺少宾语，此处表示“喜欢这家酒店”，所以用单数it指代这家酒店，作宾语，故在lved后加it。
【53题详解】
考查名词。句意：酒店很大，有两栋建筑和2000多个房间。根据数词tw可知，名词应用复数形式。故将building改为buildings。
【54题详解】
考查连词。句意：我的房间足够大，而且保持得很好。根据句意和连词前后的“足够大”和“保持得很好”都用的是褒义的表达可知，连词应用表示并列的and。故将r改为and。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：淋浴很放松。主语the shwer指物，表语应用-ing形式的形容词，表示事物的特征，故将relaxed改为relaxing。
【56题详解】
考查副词。句意：我在酒店吃了一顿很棒的饭，咖啡很美味，所以我去了两次。根据delicius可知，此处应用副词s修饰形容词，故将s改为such。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：和典型的凯悦酒店一样，那里的住宿条件远远超出了我的想象。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指一家凯悦酒店，应用不定冠词，typical为辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故将the改为a。
【58题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：和典型的凯悦酒店一样，那里的住宿条件远远超出了我的想象。分析句子可知，介词beynd后包含一个宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“我所想的”，所以应用代词what引导从句，作从句的宾语。故将that改为what。
【59题详解】
考查介词。句意：我会向那些碰巧在这个城市的人推荐那家酒店。recmmend sth t sb.为固定搭配，表示“向某人推荐某物”，故将with改为t。
【60题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我会向那些碰巧在这个城市的人推荐那家酒店。此次定语从句引导词wh指代的是先行词thse为复数，根据主谓一致关系，谓语动词应用复数，根据语境，用一般现在时，故将happens改为happen。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Jhn对由一百多片代表各参赛国的小雪花组成的北京冬奥会雪花状火炬台(snwflake-shaped trch platfrm)很感兴趣，希望进一步了解它所要表达的含义。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.介绍火炬的形状及构成；
2.说明其含义。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jhn,
I am glad that yu are interested in the trch platfrm fr the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Obviusly, it seems like a big snwflake. But it is cmpsed f abut tw hundred different small snwflakes, each f which stands fr a different cuntry. Actually, it is intended t cnvey ne f the themes f the Olympics: Althugh every cuntry is different, they make a beautiful wrld tgether. It has expressed ur hpe that we can get united in facing the challenges and creating a better wrld tgether.
Best wishes.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外国朋友Jhn回一封电子邮件，向他介绍北京冬奥会雪花状火炬台(snwflake-shaped trch platfrm)。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴：glad →delighted
目的是：be intended t →be aimed at
尽管：Althugh →Thugh