精品解析：2022届海南省高三下学期学业诊断大联考（五）英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：2022届海南省高三下学期学业诊断大联考（五）英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了 15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
海南省2021-2022学年高三学业水平诊断（五）
英语
考生注意:
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上, 并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分）
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. Why does the man want to work harder?
A. To buy a toy car. B. To work as a model. C. To earn money for a car.
2. What does the man want to do?
A. Find the correct address. B. Drive to the tall building. C. Stop to ask for directions.
3. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Saleswoman and customer. C. Doctor and patient.
4. What disappoints the woman?
A. The location of the house. B. The size of the house. C. The style of the house.
5. What does the woman think of the man’s schedule?
A. Too stressful. B. Too complex. C. Too relaxing.
第二节（共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What will the man do tonight?
A. See a film with a relative.
B. Cook dinner for his cousin.
C. Have dinner with the woman.
7. What will the woman do for the man?
A. Teach him how to cook.
B. Prepare a new dish for him.
C. Introduce an excellent cook to him.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the woman need to cash a check?
A. Because she'll take a trip.
B. Because her car is out of gas.
C. Because the bank closes on weekends.
9. How will the man eventually help the woman?
A. By cashing a check for her.
B. By driving her to the bank.
C. By lending her some money.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What do we know about the Campus Film Festival?
A. It is held every second year.
B. It lasts 4 days and 4 nights.
C. It has a history of three years.
11. Which of the following chooses the films for the festival?
A. The Students' Union.
B. The organization committee.
C Students from different universities.
12. What did the woman like best about last year's festival?
A. The cheap ticket.
B. The video interviews.
C. The rich varieties of films.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What does the man say about his job?
A. It helps him understand people better.
B. It allows him to make many friends.
C. It requires him to work long hours.
14. What does the man think is the hardest part of his job?
A. It demands strength and patience.
B. It exposes him to oily smoke all day long.
C It requires him to do the washing-up all the time.
15. Where did the man get his first job after graduation?
A. At a laundry. B. At a coffee shop. C. In a hotel.
16. What does the man say is key to doing his job well?
A. Knowing the needs of customers.
B. Planning everything in advance.
C. Paying attention to every detail.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. How many games has the New Hampshire State women's basketball team won continuously?
A. Six. B. Seven. C. Ten.
18. Where was the earthquake?
A. In New Hampshire. B. In Ohio. C. In New York.
19. What happened in the car accident?
A. Two cars were involved.
B. One person managed to escape injury.
C. Three people were seriously hurt.
20. Why is the Concord School District raising money?
A. For classes. B. For their sports teams. C. For local dog rescues.
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
There’s no better way to get to know a country than by taking part in its festivals. Our yearly round-up of Germany’s best festivals will give you a taste of German culture, tradition, and art at its best. Here are some of them.
Carnival
Carnival is also called the “Fifth Season” in Germany. Alongside many colorful costume balls, the highlight of this festival is the Rose Monday Parade with marching bands, dancers, and decorated floats parading down the streets across Germany. Carnival is celebrated throughout the country but centered in Cologne, Düsseldorf, Muenster, and Mainz.
International Film Festival in Berlin
Every February, Berlin rolls out the red carpet to host the Berlin International Film Festival. What to expect? More than 400 films from all over the world, parties, historic theatres and special events open to everyone who loves film. Besides Cannes, Berlinale is the most important film festival in Europe.
Oktoberfest in Munich
Every September and October, over 6 million visitors from around the world come to Munich to celebrate Bavarian cuisine, music, and traditions. There are many colorful parades, open-air concerts, and fun rides to enjoy for the whole family.
Wine Festival and Wurstmarkt in Bad Duerkheim
Although this fair is officially called “ Wurstmarkt”(sausage market), it’s famous for its celebration of excellent local wines. Located in Rhineland, the second largest region in Germany where wine is produced, the Wurstmarkt prides itself on being the world’s biggest wine festival. This event has been celebrated every September for almost 600 years.
1. What’s the text mainly intended to introduce?
A. Rich German culture, tradition and art.
B. Some of the best festivals in Germany.
C. Exciting ways to get to know Germany.
D. Some popular destinations in Germany.
2. Carnival differs from the other three festivals mainly in its ________.
A. appeal for visitors B. diversity of activities
C. region of celebrations D. length of time for celebrations
3. Which appeals to wine lovers most?
A. Cologne. B. Berlin. C. Munich. D. Rhineland.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国年度最佳节日，这些节日能带你领略德国文化、传统和艺术。
【1题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Our yearly round-up of Germany’s best festivals will give you a taste of German culture, tradition, and art at its best. Here are some of them.(我们的德国年度最佳节日综述将让您领略最好的德国文化、传统和艺术。以下是其中的一些。)”及全文可推断，文章主要介绍了德国的一些最好的节日。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Carnival中的“Carnival is celebrated throughout the country but centered in Cologne, Düsseldorf, Muenster, and Mainz.(狂欢节在全国各地举行，但主要集中在Cologne、Düsseldorf、Muenster、和Mainz。)”可知，狂欢节在全国各地都举行，而其他几个节日的举办地都是固定的。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wine Festival and Wurstmarkt in Bad Duerkheim中的“Although this fair is officially called “ Wurstmarkt”(sausage market), it’s famous for its celebration of excellent local wines. Located in Rhineland, the second largest region in Germany where wine is produced, the Wurstmarkt prides itself on being the world’s biggest wine festival. (虽然这个展览会的官方名称是“Wurstmarkt”(香肠市场)，但它以庆祝当地优质葡萄酒而闻名。Wurstmarkt位于德国第二大葡萄酒产区莱茵兰，是世界上最大的葡萄酒庆典。)”可知，这个节日是以酒为特色，所以最吸引爱酒人士。故选D。
B
Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times. Shortly afterwards, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.
The hotline is available in English and Spanish. It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages. For example, by pressing 1, you can hear a group of kindergartners saying together, “You can do it! Keep trying, and don’t give up!” Pressing 2 brings the sounds of children laughing-a sound certain to bring a smile to anyone’s face.
Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, thought her students just might have the magic words needed to bring calm to people in difficult times. Ms. Martin worked with students at West Side on a project they called “PepToc”. Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” first. But when Ms. Martin’s 6-year-old son drew an ad for the hotline and spelled it “PepToc”, they decided they liked that even better.
Most of the project was completed in a day. Ms. Martin worked with students from kindergarten to the sixth grade. She had the same basic question for all the students-What could you say to help or encourage someone else? Students working on the hotline thought of what they would like to say. When they were ready, Ms. Martin recorded each one. Later, she sorted out the recordings into the different parts of the telephone hotline.
Ms. Martin thought the project would only attract interest from people near the school. But the hotline was soon getting hundreds of calls a day-and then, thousands of calls an hour. It’s become unbelievably popular with stressed adults, patients in hospitals, older people in homes, and others who just want to hear the happy voices of children.
4. What does the text say about the hotline?
A. It is answered by teachers.
B. It has offered callers all kinds of help.
C. It’s mainly aimed at cheering kids stuck at home.
D. It enjoyed great popularity quickly.
5. How did the project “PepToc” get its name?
A. Out of a mistake. B. From a similar project.
C. On the recommendation of students. D. At the request of Ms. Martin’s son.
6. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A. Students’ interest in the hotline. B. Primary purposes of the hotline.
C. What the hotline focuses on. D. How the hotline was set up.
7. What might Ms. Martin think of people’s response to the hotline?
A. Unacceptable. B. Unreasonable. C. Unexpected. D. Unpleasant.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加州一所小学的学生在他们的美术老师的帮助下，创建了一条电话热线，受到了很多人的欢迎。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Shortly afterwards, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.(不久之后，热线开始每小时接到数千个电话。)”可知，热线每小时接到数千个电话，可推断是极受欢迎。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” first. But when Ms. Martin’s 6-year-old son drew an ad for the hotline and spelled it “PepToc”, they decided they liked that even better.(事实上，他们一开始叫它“Pep Talk” 但当马丁6岁的儿子为这条热线画了一则广告，并把它拼成了“PepToc”时，他们觉得自己更喜欢这个名字。)”可知，这个名字的由来是源自于一个错误。故选A。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Most of the project was completed in a day.(大部分工程在一天内就完成了。)”以及“Students working on the hotline thought of what they would like to say. When they were ready, Ms. Martin recorded each one. Later, she sorted out the recordings into the different parts of the telephone hotline.(在热线工作的学生思考他们想说什么。当他们准备好后，马丁把每一个人都录了下来。后来，她把录音整理成电话热线的不同部分。)”可知，这一段主要讲述了这个电话热线是如何创建的。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ms. Martin thought the project would only attract interest from people near the school. But the hotline was soon getting hundreds of calls a day-and then, thousands of calls an hour.(马丁认为这个项目只会吸引学校附近的人的兴趣。但热线很快就每天接到数百个电话，后来，每小时又接到数千个电话。) ”可知，热线的受欢迎程度超出了她的预期。选项A“Unacceptable (无法接受的)”；选项B“Unreasonable (不合理的)”；选项C“Unexpected (想不到的)”；选项D“Unpleasant (不舒适)”。故选C。
C
The time between full wakefulness and being sound asleep may be packed with creative potential. In a new experiment, people who fell into a light sleep were better problem-solvers later.
Thomas Edison inspired the new study. It’s said that the famous inventor used to value the moments between wakefulness and sleep. Supposedly, he used to fall asleep in a chair holding two steel balls. As he nodded off, the balls fell into metal pans. The resulting noise woke him. Then, he could write down his inventive ideas before he fell into a deep sleep and forgot them.
Researchers tested Edison’s method of developing creativity with 103 healthy people. Volunteers came to the lab to solve a difficult number problem. They were asked to change a string of numbers into a shorter sequence (数列) following two simple rules. What the volunteers weren’t told was that there was an easy trick to do this task. The second number in the sequence would always be the correct final number, too. Once discovered, this trick greatly cut the solving time. After doing this task 60 times, the volunteers earned a 20-minute break in a quiet, dark room. Volunteers lay in chairs and held a version of the steel balls that Edison used as “alarm clocks”. The researchers told participants to close their eyes and rest or sleep if they desired. All the while, their brain waves were monitored.
After their rest, participants returned to their number problem. The researchers saw a big difference between the groups. People who had fallen into a shallow, early sleep were 2.7 times as likely to spot the hidden trick as people who had stayed awake. Shallow sleepers were 5.8 times as likely to spot the trick as people who reached the deeper stage.
More work is needed to prove the link between the shallow stage of sleep and creativity. But the results raise an interesting possibility. People may be able to learn to reach that stage of sleep.
8. What was the function of the steel balls and metal pans for Thomas Edison?
A. To help him stay on guard during sleep.
B. To stop others from disturbing his sleep.
C. To make his brain work even during sleep.
D. To prevent him from falling sound asleep.
9. What conclusion can be drawn about the experiment?
A. Its results are well worth wide promotion.
B. It proves researchers’ work is demanding.
C. Its findings still need to be further confirmed.
D. It will motivate more people to practice light sleep.
10. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Edison’s Method of Developing Creativity
B. Nodding off May Turn Your Creativity on
C. A Better Sleep Helps with Problem-Solving
D. Links Between Sleep Quality and Creativity
11. Where does this text probably come from?
A. A science magazine. B. A travel brochure.
C. A museum guide. D. A diary.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述一个实验表明，浅睡眠期间可能充满了创造力，但实验结果仍需进一步证实。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“As he nodded off, the balls fell into metal pans. The resulting noise woke him. Then, he could write down his inventive ideas before he fell into a deep sleep and forgot them.(当他打瞌睡时，球掉进了金属盘里。由此产生的噪音吵醒了他。然后，他可以在进入深度睡眠并忘记之前写下他的创造性想法)”可知，钢球和金属盘的作用是避免他沉睡。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“More work is needed to prove the link between the shallow stage of sleep and creativity.(需要做更多的工作来证明浅睡眠阶段和创造力之间的联系)”可知，实验的结果仍需进一步被证实。故选C项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合第一段“The time between full wakefulness and being sound asleep may be packed with creative potential. In a new experiment, people who fell into a light sleep were better problem-solvers later.(完全清醒和酣睡之间的这段时间可能充满了创造潜力。在一项新的实验中，进入轻度睡眠的人之后解决问题的能力更好)”可知，文章主要讲述一个实验表明，浅睡眠期间可能充满了创造力，但实验结果仍需进一步证实，故B项“打盹可能会激发你的创造力”适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段“The time between full wakefulness and being sound asleep may be packed with creative potential. In a new experiment, people who fell into a light sleep were better problem-solvers later.(完全清醒和酣睡之间的这段时间可能充满了创造潜力。在一项新的实验中，进入轻度睡眠的人之后解决问题的能力更好)”可知，文章主要讲述一个实验表明，浅睡眠期间可能充满了创造力，但实验结果仍需进一步证实，文章是关于一个实验过程及结果，应是出自科学杂志。故选A项。
D
Every year, as many as 50, 000 elephants in Africa are killed illegally for their tusks (象牙). Now scientists have improved DNA methods that allow them to match up elephant tusks, and help track down criminals that are selling them.
Even though it’s against the law, African elephants have long been killed by criminals for their tusks. Other people, called “traffickers”, buy the tusks and transport them out of the country on a ship. The traffickers re-sell the tusks for even more money, usually in Asia. Elephant tusks can sell for about $1, 000 a kilogram.
In the past, it was hard to catch the criminals. Usually by the time the dead animals were found, the illegal hunters had been far away. And when traffickers were caught with elephant tusks, it was impossible to say where the tusks came from. Traffickers usually hide them in tricky ways inside shipments of other products. That means that only about 10% of tusks from illegally killed elephants are ever found.
Several years ago, scientists led by Dr. Samuel Wasser figured out a new way to solve the problem. Using elephant waste, they built a list of the DNA of almost all elephants in Africa.
Now when elephant tusks are found on a ship in another country, DNA tests can show where they came from. This information can trigger quick action in the country where the animals were killed. It can also help the police discover patterns in the ways the illegal hunters and traffickers work.
Dr. Wasser is hopeful that the method of using DNA information from elephants to track illegally killed wildlife will soon be adopted to help protect other kinds of animals and break up more criminal groups.
12. Why do scientists use DNA information from elephants?
A. To improve the health of elephant tusks.
B. To keep track of the illegal dealers.
C. To protect elephants against natural disasters.
D. To research into elephants’ habits.
13. What may make illegally hunted elephant tusks hard to find?
A. The way they are transported.
B. The lack of tracking technology.
C. The difficulty in catching criminals.
D. The various tricks of illegal hunters.
14 What does the underlined word “trigger” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. start with B. result from C. hold back D. lead to
15. Which of the following reflects Dr. Wasser’s opinion about the DNA method?
A. It can make all criminals have nowhere to hide.
B It can scare away potential illegal hunters.
C. It can be widely used in wildlife protection.
D. It can make elephant tusk sales unprofitable.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了科学家改进了DNA方法，使之能够与象牙匹配，并帮助追踪贩卖象牙的罪犯。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now scientists have improved DNA methods that allow them to match up elephant tusks, and help track down criminals that are selling them.(现在科学家们已经改进了DNA方法，使他们能够匹配象牙，并帮助追踪贩卖象牙的罪犯)”可知，科学家使用大象的DNA信息是为了追踪那些非法交易象牙的人。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Traffickers usually hide them in tricky ways inside shipments of other products. That means that only about 10% of tusks from illegally killed elephants are ever found.(象牙贩子通常狡猾地将它们藏在其他货物的运输中。这意味着被非法猎杀而来的象牙只有10%被发现)”可知，非法猎取的象牙以隐蔽的方式进行运输，使其很难被发现。故选A项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上一句“Now when elephant tusks are found on a ship in another country, DNA tests can show where they came from.(现在，当在另一个国家的船只上发现象牙时，DNA测试可以显示它们来自哪里)”可知，DNA测试可以显示象牙来自哪里。由此可推知，划线词所在句意为：这些信息可以在动物被杀的国家引发迅速的行动，trigger意为“引发，促使”，故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr. Wasser is hopeful that the method of using DNA information from elephants to track illegally killed wildlife will soon be adopted to help protect other kinds of animals and break up more criminal groups.(Wasser博士希望，利用大象的DNA信息追踪非法猎杀野生动物的方法，将很快被采用，以帮助保护其他种类的动物，并瓦解更多的犯罪团伙)”可知，Wasser博士认为DNA测试的方法可以广泛应用于野生动物保护。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Science experiments don’t always go as planned. ____16____. Recently, Australian scientists learned something unexpected about magpies(喜鹊) when they tried to attach trackers to them to learn more about their habits.
____17____. They’re medium-sized black and white birds from the same bird “family” as crows and blue jays. They’re known to be quite clever. They live in groups of up to 12 birds and work together to defend the area they live in.
The researchers were eager to try a new tracker on the magpies. They hoped to learn more about how far the birds flew and what they did during a normal day. But it’s hard to find trackers that work well with small-and medium-sized birds. ____18____. The new trackers are light and can be recharged without wires while they are still on the birds.
To keep the trackers on the birds without causing flying problems, the researchers developed a special harness(系带). It was tough, so it wouldn’t come off by accident. ____19____. The researchers placed trackers on five magpies. But just ten minutes after setting up the last magpie, they noticed something unusual: an adult female magpie was helping another magpie get free from its harness. A few hours later, most of the other magpies were also freed from their harnesses. By the third day, none of the birds had trackers anymore.
The scientists were disappointed about the trackers. However, they realized that the magpies had taught them something else—____20____, even if the bird who is helping doesn’t get a reward.
A. Magpies are able and willing to help each other out
B. However, that doesn’t mean you can’t learn from them
C. Either the trackers are too heavy, or don’t last long enough
D. Magpies may have a hard time adapting to global warming
E. The birds the scientists hoped to study were Australian magpies
F. The scientists need to find a good way to track these clever birds
G. But there was just one problem-the birds didn’t like the trackers
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了当澳大利亚科学家试图在喜鹊身上连接追踪器，以便更多地了解它们的习惯时，学到了一些意想不到的东西。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Science experiments don’t always go as planned.”（科学实验并不总是按计划进行）下文“Recently, Australian scientists learned something unexpected about magpies when they tried to attach trackers to them to learn more about their habits.”（最近，澳大利亚科学家试图在喜鹊身上安装追踪器，以便更多地了解它们的习惯，他们在喜鹊身上发现了一些意想不到的事情。）说明科学家最近研究喜鹊却有意外收获，所以空格处承上启下，B项的“that”指代上文内容，“learn from them”与下文“learned something unexpected”（学到了一些意想不到的东西）一致。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Australian scientists learned something unexpected about magpies”（澳大利亚科学家对喜鹊有了意想不到的发现），提到科学家研究喜鹊而且有一些意想不到的收获，下文“They’re medium-sized black and white birds from the same bird “family” as crows and blue jays. They’re known to be quite clever. They live in groups of up to 12 birds and work together to defend the area they live in.”（它们是中等大小黑白相间的鸟类，与乌鸦和蓝鸟属于同一个鸟类“家族”。大家都知道它们很聪明。它们以多达12只鸟为一群生活，共同保护它们生活的地区。）介绍澳大利亚喜鹊的特点，下文“They”指代的内容就是E项中的“Australian magpies”。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“But it’s hard to find trackers that work well with small-and medium-sized birds.”（但很难找到与中小型鸟类配合良好的追踪器。）说明找到合适的追踪器很难，C项“Either the trackers are too heavy, or don’t last long enough”（要么是追踪器太重，要么是追踪时间不够长）与上文一致，指出追踪器存在的问题，过渡到下文“The new trackers are light and can be recharged without wires while they are still on the birds.”（这种新型追踪器很轻，不用电线就可以在鸟身上充电。）对新型追踪器优点的介绍。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“To keep the trackers on the birds without causing flying problems, the researchers developed a special harness. It was tough, so it wouldn’t come off by accident.”（为了保持鸟类身上的追踪器不会引起飞行问题,研究人员开发了一种特殊的系带。它很硬，所以不会偶然脱落。）说明追踪器的优点，下文“The researchers placed trackers on five magpies. But just ten minutes after setting up the last magpie, they noticed something unusual: an adult female magpie was helping another magpie get free from its harness. A few hours later, most of the other magpies were also freed from their harnesses. By the third day, none of the birds had trackers anymore.”（研究人员在五只喜鹊身上放置了追踪器。但就在安置好最后一只喜鹊十分钟后，他们注意到一些不寻常的事情：一只成年雌性喜鹊正在帮助另一只喜鹊从系带中挣脱出来。几个小时后，其他喜鹊中大多数也从系带中挣脱出来。到了第三天，没有一只鸟身上有追踪器了。）说明喜鹊不喜欢身上的追踪器，想要挣脱系带，前后是转折关系，G项中的“But”说明与上文的转折关系，“the birds didn’t like the trackers”和下文一致。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The scientists were disappointed about the trackers. However, they realized that the magpies had taught them something else……”（科学家们对追踪器感到失望。然而，他们意识到喜鹊教会了他们其他的东西……）说明转折后要强调科学家从喜鹊身上学到的东西，A项“Magpies are able and willing to help each other out”（喜鹊能够并且愿意互相帮助）符合题意，与下文“the bird who is helping”意思一致。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Christmas is a time for giving and receiving. However, is it ____21____ for close family and friends? Do we even spare a ____22____ for those in need? Our children receive so much throughout the year.
As parents we want our daughters to be ____23____ for what they have and to think of those who don’t. That’s why my husband and I want them to ____24____ the spirit of giving back from a very young age.
Through their school, the girls have a charity which they ____25____ . Every Tuesday they take two loaves of bread to the school food bank. Twice a year they donate ____26____ clothes, toys and books to shelters. They also volunteer on weekends. As my husband is a regular blood donor, the girls ____27____ to donate as well. Unfortunately they are too ____28____ as the start age is 16.
Children mirror the ____29____ of their parents and if you often reach out to others by giving generously, they will ____30____ . Christmas is the perfect time to teach them to give back to those less ____31____ .
Teaching the gift of giving back not only promotes personal growth, it also ____32____ them a sense of belonging and pride. It will create ____33____ that they are making a difference in someone else’s life no matter how small the ____34____ . It teaches them love, kindness, patience and so on. These ____35____ will help them carry it forward in their adult life.
21. A. clearly B. equally C. merely D. finally
22. A. tip B. holiday C. reward D. thought
23. A. ready B. grateful C. qualified D. responsible
24. A. learn about B. stand for C. hold back D. point out
25. A. ignore B. encourage C. remember D. support
26. A. colorful B. unwanted C. expensive D. unimportant
27. A. hesitate B. afford C. wish D. agree
28. A. young B. eager C. concerned D. terrified
29. A. opinions B. intentions C. achievements D. actions
30. A. believe B. explore C. follow D. improve
31. A. ambitious B. fortunate C. successful D. independent
32. A. gives B. spares C. costs D. promises
33. A. relaxation B. motivation C. satisfaction D. appreciation
34. A. progress B. distinction C. determination D. contribution
35. A. comments B. virtues C. standards D. profits
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者从小就让女儿们学会感恩和回报别人并讲述这样做的好处。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这仅仅是针对亲近的家人和朋友吗？A. clearly清楚地；B. equally平等地；C. merely仅仅；D. finally最后。结合空后的“for close family and friends”可知，此处指“圣诞节送礼物和收礼物仅仅是针对亲近的家人和朋友吗？”故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们有想过那些需要帮助的人吗？A. tip建议，诀窍；B. holiday假期；C. reward奖励，回报；D. thought考虑，关心，想法。结合语境及下文“…think of those who don’t(……想着那些什么都没有的人)”可知，此处指“我们想过那些需要帮助的人吗？”spare a thought for替……着想。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为父母，我们希望我们的女儿对他们所拥有的心存感激，并且想着那些什么都没有的人。A. ready准备好的；B. grateful感激的；C. qualified合格的；D. responsible负责的。根据空后“for what they have”可知，此处指感激所拥有的，故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这就是为什么我的丈夫和我想让他们从很小的时候就学习回馈的精神。A. learn about学习，了解；B. stand for代表，支持；C. hold back抑制，阻止；D. point out指出。根据空后“from a very young age”及下文内容可知，此处指让女儿从小就学习回馈的精神，故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过她们的学校，她们支持一个慈善机构。A. ignore忽视，不理会；B. encourage鼓励；C. remember 记得；D. support支持。根据下句“Every Tuesday they take two loaves of bread to the school food bank.(每个星期二，她们把两条面包送到学校的食品银行)”可知，女儿们通过学校支持一个慈善机构，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们每年两次向收容所捐赠不需要的衣服、玩具和书籍。A. colorful色彩斑斓的；B. unwanted不要的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. unimportant不重要的。结合语境可知，她们应是捐赠不要了的衣服。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我丈夫经常献血，女孩们也想献血。A. hesitate犹豫；B. afford付得起；C. wish希望；D. agree同意。根据本句中的“as well”及下文“as the start age is 16”可知，女儿们也想要献血，但是年龄达不到。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，她们太年轻了，因为开始的年龄是16岁。A. young年轻的；B. eager急切的；C. concerned关心的，担心的；D. terrified害怕的，恐惧的。根据“as the start age is 16”可知，她们年龄达不到，太年轻了。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子会模仿父母的行为，如果你经常慷慨地给予别人，他们也会效仿。A. opinions观点；B. intentions目的，意图；C. achievements成就；D. actions行为。根据“if you often reach out to others by giving generously”可知，此处指孩子们会模仿大人的行为。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子会模仿父母的行为，如果你经常慷慨地给予别人，他们也会效仿。A. believe相信；B. explore探索；C. follow跟随；D. improve提高。根据“mirror”可知，孩子们会模仿父母，所以此处指“跟随”。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节是教她们回馈那些不那么幸运的人的最佳时机。A. ambitious有抱负的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. successful成功的；D. independent独立的。上文提到女儿们经常给慈善机构捐赠东西，帮助那些需要的人，所以此处指“不那么幸运的人”。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：教育孩子们回馈社会不仅能促进个人成长，还能给她们一种归属感和自豪感。A. gives给；B. spares抽出，留出；C. costs花费；D. promises承诺，保证。此处是描述教育孩子们回馈社会带来的好处，所以是“给她们一种归属感和自豪感”。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论她们的贡献有多小，她们都能给别人的生活带来改变，这让他们感到满足。A. relaxation放松；B. motivation动机；C. satisfaction满意；D. appreciation感激，欣赏。根据“they are making a difference in someone else’s life”可知，给别人的生活产生影响，这让她们感到满足。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论她们的贡献有多小，她们都能给别人的生活带来改变，这让他们感到满足。A. progress进步；B. distinction区别；C. determination决心；D. contribution贡献。结合语境可知，此处指无论她们所做出的贡献有多渺小。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些美德将帮助她们在成年后继续发扬光大。A. comments评论；B. virtues美德，优秀品质；C. standards标准；D. profits利润，好处。上文的“love, kindness, patience”均是美德。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Antarctica is one of the hardest-to-reach places on Earth. But a recent report shows ships ____36____(sail) to Antarctica have connections to ports around the world. That greatly raises the chance that plants or animals ____37____the outside could invade (入侵) this protected area.
Invasive species are animals or plants that arrive in a place where they don’t normally live. When invasive species ____38____(bring) to a new place, they can often spread quite quickly, which can force out other plants and animals that live there ____39____(natural).
In other parts of the world, invasive sea animals and plants have caused trouble after ____40____(they) arrival. They often came ____41____(attach) to the outside of ships. The conditions in Antarctica are tough, and many animals could never live there. But scientists worry whether the species ____42____live at the North Pole and are already used to extremely cold conditions could survive in Antarctica. As the oceans warm, even ____43____(many) kinds of plants and animals may be able to survive there.
The report makes several ____44____(suggestion) for improving the situation. One idea is for ships to be coated in a special covering that makes it hard for invasive species to stick to them. Ships without this kind of coating could be cleaned regularly. Moreover, countries could require ships to have an _____45_____(inspect) or some other proof that they aren’t carrying invasive species before they leave the port.
【答案】36. sailing
37. from 38. are brought
39. naturally
40. their 41. attached
42. which##that
43. more 44. suggestions
45. inspection
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了南极洲是地球上最难到达的地方之一。但最近的一份报告显示，前往南极洲的船只与世界各地的港口有联系。这大大增加了外来植物或动物入侵该保护区的可能性。文章解释了物种入侵可能带来的麻烦。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但最近的一份报告显示，前往南极洲的船只与世界各地的港口有联系。分析句子结构可知sail在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语ships构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填sailing。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：这大大增加了外来植物或动物入侵该保护区的可能性。结合句意表示“外来植物或动物”应用from。故填from。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：当入侵物种被带到一个新的地方时，它们通常会迅速传播，这会迫使其他自然生存的动植物离开。主语species与谓语bring构成被动关系，结合后文they can often可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are brought。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：当入侵物种被带到一个新的地方时，它们通常会迅速传播，这会迫使其他自然生存的动植物离开。修饰动词live应用副词naturally，作状语。故填naturally。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：在世界其他地区，入侵的海洋动植物在抵达后造成了麻烦。修饰后文名词arrival应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们经常附着在船的外部。短语be attached to表示“附着”，此处省略be动词，过去分词作状语。故填attached。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但科学家们担心，生活在北极、已经习惯了极端寒冷条件的物种能否在南极洲生存。此处为定语从句修饰先行词species，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
【43题详解】
考查比较级。句意：随着海洋变暖，可能会有更多种类的动植物在那里生存。根据上文“As the oceans warm”以及even可知表示“更多”应用比较级more。故填more。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：报告提出了几项改善情况的建议。suggestion为可数名词，由several修饰应用复数形式。故填suggestions。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，各国可以要求船只在离开港口之前进行检查或提供其他证据，证明它们没有携带入侵物种。作宾语，且有不定冠词，故用名词单数inspection。故填inspection。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校即将举行创意大赛表彰大会。请你就此事写一则通知，内容包括：
1. 大会时间及地点；
2. 大会内容。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：表彰大会 commendation ceremony
Notice
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
【答案】One possible version:
Notice
A commendation ceremony will be held on May 20th in Room 301 at the Student Activity Center, whose aim is to praise the excellent students in the creativity competition. Anyone who is interested is welcome to take part in the ceremony.
At the ceremony, medals will be awarded to the students who have won prizes in the creativity competition. And some of the students will be invited to display their ideas to us, which I think can make you have a deeper understanding of creativity.
We are expecting your coming.
The Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生就学校即将举行创意大赛表彰大会写一则通知。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目的：aim→purpose
参加：take part in→participate in
比赛：competition→contest
展示：display→show
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We are expecting your coming.
拓展句：We are expecting that you can come.
【点睛】【高分句型1】A commendation ceremony will be held on May 20th in Room 301 at the Student Activity Center, whose aim is to praise the excellent students in the creativity competition.（运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】At the ceremony, medals will be awarded to the students who have won prizes in the creativity competition.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型3】And some of the students will be invited to display their ideas to us, which I think can make you have a deeper understanding of creativity. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in high school in the 1980s, Jane Fonda’s workout tapes were so popular. But in those days, I was far from a workout participant.
My lack of athleticism finally caught up with me after I quit smoking and put on a lot of weight. By the time I was forty-five, I was 252 pounds. Even at six feet tall, that was way too much weight for my body. I also felt like life was passing me by, but I didn’t know what was next for me. So when I had the opportunity to enter a contest to meet Jane Fonda through a SiriusXM Town Hall event, I crossed my fingers and entered the lucky draw.
To my great surprise, I was one of the winners. I thought this was a sign that my luck was changing. I had always enjoyed Fonda’s movies and was thrilled to have the chance to meet her. So I made up as much as I could, put on my best dress, and brought my best friend Jon along to meet Jane Fonda.
Fonda was seventy-five then and looked great in person, wearing all black and looking decades younger. Not only that, but she was so kind and friendly. She really made me feel special as we discussed a film I had recently seen her in called Peace, Love &Misunderstanding. We posed for a picture together, and I even got the opportunity to ask her a question at the event.
One of the radio network’s organizers promised to send me the photo of us, so I was thrilled when I received an e-mail from her the next day with the Jane Fonda picture. But my excitement turned into embarrassment and disgust when I got a good look at the photo.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That picture gnawed at me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I made up my mind to lose weight and get in shape.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
That picture gnawed at me. In the picture, Fonda looked as beautiful as expected, but I looked like a small hill next to her. I was almost twice her size, though I looked my very best that day. Fonda was thirty years older than me, but she looked better than me, and more youthful, too. Her devotion to fitness had really paid off. That made me feel ashamed. I was in a bad mood that whole day. However, I knew that photo was the wake-up call I needed.
I made up my mind to lose weight and get in shape. I started my fitness journey with walking to the mall, instead of driving there. Then I walked 10km a week, 15km a week, and now I walk 5km a day. I started running gradually as I lost weight. My fitness journey led me to lose eighty-five pounds. Now, I no longer look as big as a house, and my health condition has also improved. I know I owe much to that picture.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者上高中时见到了健身明星Jane Fonda，并与之合照，结果作者看到照片后，发现自己非常胖，很羞愧，于是下定决心，并最后坚持下来的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那张照片使我苦恼。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到照片后的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“我下定决心要减肥，保持身材。”可知，第二段可描写作者开始减肥，以及取得的