二轮拔高卷 05-【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）

这是一份二轮拔高卷 05-【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用），文件包含二轮拔高卷05解析版-赢在高考·黄金20卷备战2022年高考英语模拟卷北京专用docx、二轮拔高卷05原卷版-赢在高考·黄金20卷备战2022年高考英语模拟卷北京专用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共29页， 欢迎下载使用。
【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）
二轮拔高卷05
本试卷共11页，共100分．考试时长90分钟．
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效．
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
On my way home, I saw a poor old man selling soaps. I was moved by his condition—perhaps he was the only one ___1___ his family? But I soon shook off the ___2___ —there’s nothing I can really do for him.
Just then, a lady went up and bought every bar of soap he was carrying. The old man’s eyes lit up and he left happily.
The woman, on the other hand, crossed the road and ___3___ the bag full of soaps on the street with a sign saying “For Free”. Then she boarded the same bus as I did and took the seat next to mine. The curious incident ___4___ me so I couldn’t help but ask her about the strange act.
“Excuse me, may I ask why you did that near the bus stop?” I said.
“Oh, I walk this road every day and noticed this man many times. I tried to offer him some money but he ___5___ . He said he wanted to earn it through hard work and not ___6___ . He’s a very honest man. He was content with whatever he earned for the day. So I bought all his soap bars to help him in a way that ___7___ his dignity. I left them on the road in order that those who need them can ___8___ themselves.”
I reached home feeling a lightness and hope that humanity is not ___9___ after all. A little ____10____ and a little kindness are often worth more than a great deal of money.
1．A．leaving B．protecting C．supporting D．changing
2．A．stress B．fear C．anger D．sadness
3．A．placed B．returned C．packed D．collected
4．A．depressed B．puzzled C．excited D．satisfied
5．A．refused B．doubted C．escaped D．missed
6．A．luck B．award C．pity D．patience
7．A．admires B．preserves C．challenges D．examines
8．A．help B．trust C．respect D．enjoy
9．A．hidden B．wasted C．judged D．lost
10．A．interest B．thought C．courage D．dream
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述一位女士买下了一位贫困老人所有的肥皂，然后放在路边供路人免费拿取，以这种不伤害尊严的方式帮助了老人，作者看到后深受感触。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被他的处境感动了，也许他是家里唯一养家的人？A. leaving离开；B. protecting保护；C. supporting养活；D. changing改变。根据前文“I saw a poor old man selling soaps(我看见一个贫穷的老人在卖肥皂)”及“his family”可知，这位老人在卖东西养家糊口。故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我很快就摆脱了悲伤的情绪——我真的无法为他做任何事。A. stress压力；B. fear惧怕；C. anger生气；D. sadness难过。根据前文老人贫穷的处境，可推知作者为他的处境感到难过。故选D。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，这名女士穿过马路，把装满肥皂的袋子和写着“免费”的牌子放在了大街上。A. placed放置；B. returned归还；C. packed包装；D. collected收集。根据前文“on the street”和后文“I left them on the road(我把肥皂留在路上)”可知，女士把肥皂放在了大街上。故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这件不寻常的事使我感到困惑，于是关于她奇怪的行为，我忍不住要问她。A. depressed使沮丧；B. puzzled使困惑；C. excited使兴奋；D. satisfied使满意。根据后文“I couldn’t help but ask her about the strange act(我忍不住要问她)”可推知，作者忍不住向这位女士发问，是因为感到疑惑。故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想给他一些钱，但他拒绝了。A. refused拒绝；B. doubted怀疑；C. escaped逃跑；D. missed发觉丢失。根据后文“He said he wanted to earn it through hard work(他说他想通过努力工作来挣钱)”可知，老人拒绝了女士的施舍。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说他想通过努力工作而不是怜悯来挣钱。A. luck幸运；B. award奖金；C. pity怜悯；D. patience耐心。根据前文老人拒绝女士施舍的行为可知，他不想通过别人的怜悯来挣钱。故选C。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我买了他所有的肥皂，以保护他的自尊。A. admires赞赏；B. preserves保护；C. challenges挑战；D. examines考查。根据句中的“dignity(尊严)”及前文所述，可知只想通过努力工作而不想通过别人的怜悯来挣钱的老人很注重尊严，因此女士用买肥皂的形式保护了老人的尊严。故选B。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它们留在街边，以便那些需要它们的人能够自取。A. help取用；B. trust信任；C. respect尊重；D. enjoy享受。前文“the bag full of soaps on the street with a sign saying “For Free”(装满肥皂的袋子和写着“免费”的牌子放在了大街上)”可知，女士把肥皂放街上供大家免费取用，help oneself表示“自取、自用”，符合句意。故选A。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我回到家时感到一种轻松，充满希望，人性毕竟没有丢失。A. hidden隐藏的；B. wasted浪费的；C. judged评判的；D. lost丢失的。根据女士的善良举动可知，人性没有丢失。故选D。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一点想法和一点善意往往比一大笔钱更有价值。A. interest兴趣；B. thought想法、主意；C. courage勇气；D. dream梦想。根据前文女士帮助老人的行为可知，这是她保护老人尊严的一种想法。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空．在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The famous writer James Patterson donated $1.5 million to launch a classroom program, ___11___ was designed to help poor children read more books. It aims to bring books to 32,000 poor children who are from kindergarten to eighth grade. Patterson ___12___ （donate）more than $10 million to support literacy development since many years ago. He believes reading skills are important for the country. Patterson added, "the program will bring books to those schools and ___13___ （community）that need them the most, and that we haven't served before." The program has chosen a limited number of schools to take part this year but hopes to expand in the coming years.
【答案】11．which 12．has donated 13．communities
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了著名作家詹姆斯·帕特森通过捐赠，以帮助贫困儿童阅读更多书籍。
11．考查定语从句。句意：著名作家詹姆斯·帕特森捐赠150万美元启动了一个课堂项目，旨在帮助贫困儿童阅读更多书籍。句中先行词为a classroom program，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
12．考查时态。句意：自多年前以来，帕特森已经捐赠了1000多万美元用于支持扫盲发展。根据“since many years ago.”可知，用现在完成时。主语Patterson为第三人称，所以谓语动词用has。故填has donated。
13．考查名词的数。句意：帕特森补充说：“该项目将把书籍带到那些最需要的、我们以前从未提供过的学校和社区。”名词community为可数名词，根据those可知，用名词的复数形式。故填communities。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
___14___was needed was to make students aware of their learning process. On the surface, a class being taught by PEEL methods only differs from an ordinary class in being a little ___15___(noisy), because more people are talking. But there are some meaningful changes. Students __16__(give) much more time to express their views, and teachers don't make immediate judgment. The students are allowed ___17___ (decide) what is done in class and their own ideas are always respected. This draws their attention to the actual learning process, and they become responsible for their own progress.
【答案】14．What 15．noisier 16．are given 17．to decide
【解析】这是一篇说明文。简要介绍了PEEL这种教学方法。
14．考查主语从句连接词。句意：我们需要的是让学生意识到他们的学习过程。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，根据句意可知此处表示“什么”，因而用what，该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。
15．考查形容词比较级。句意：从表面上看，采用PEEL方法授课的班级与普通班级的不同之处在于噪音稍大，因为有更多的人在讲话。根据句意及后文中出现的比较级“more”可知，设空处也用比较级。故填noisier。
16．考查时态和语态。句意：学生有更多的时间表达自己的观点，而老师不会立即做出评价。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少谓语，动词give与主语Students之间是动宾关系，因而用被动语态be done，本句在陈述一般事实，因而用一般现在时，主语Students为复数，be动词也用复数形式。故填are given。
17．考查不定式。句意：学生们可以决定在课堂上做什么，他们的想法总是受到尊重。be allowed to do表示“被允许做”，本句中缺少不定式to do。故填to decide。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
This novel was about an unbelievable but genuine adventure. Its author was a black businessman who ____18____(bring) up in America. In 1956, he visited his birthplace,Africa. He lost his money and passport,so he went to the embassy to seek help. But the ambassador __19__ rude manners didn’t permit. ___20___(stare) at his impatient face, he understood it was the fault of his skin color.
【答案】18．was brought 19．with 20．Staring
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一名黑人小说作者的真实经历。
18.考查动词时态和语态。句意：作者是一个在美国长大的黑人商人。分析句子可知，who引导定语从句，从句部分缺少谓语，主语who指代的先行词与bring up构成逻辑上的被动关系，且结合句意，句子为一般过去时，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was brought。
19.考查介词。句意：但无礼的大使不允许。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少介词，与rude manners一起作the ambassador的后置定语，表示“带有”，用介词with。故填with。
20.考查非谓语动词。句意：看着他那张不耐烦的脸，他明白这是他肤色的错。分析句子，空处缺少stare的适当形式作句子的状语，he与stare构成逻辑上的主动关系，表示伴随，用现在分词。故填Staring。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
A
A special place to stay can make a holiday — but also break the bank. We have picked new affordable places across Europe for €150 a room a night or less.
Scourie Hotel
Doubles from €129
Opened October 2015
This hotel has been adored by fishing fans for generations. When the Campbell family bought it six years ago, they updated it with gentle, stylish furnishings. There’s a string of spectacular beaches to discover, including the Scourie Bay with golden sand.
Ho36 Hotel
Doubles from €109
Opened December 2017
This hotel offers the rarest of things — ski accommodation that is both affordable and stylish. Guests can ski or snowboard from the front door. There are two lively bars with live music and regular DJ nights, a restaurant serving hearty Alpine meals and film nights.
Conscious Hotel
Doubles from €120
Opened April 2016
This fourth hotel by Dutch sustainable brand Conscious is the first powered entirely by wind. The restaurant is fully organic and the bedrooms simple with contemporary elements. The hotel overlooks the Westerpark, one of Amsterdam’s biggest green spaces.
Dock Hotel
Doubles from €150
Opened May 2014
This large hotel on the Baltic coast is made from shipping containers. The industrial theme continues inside,with concrete walls, exposed pipes, and more containers. The hotel is 12 minutes’ walk from the beach.
21．Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A．Scourie Hotel.
B．Ho36 Hotel.
C．Conscious Hotel.
D．Dock Hotel.
22．What is special about Conscious Hotel?
A．It is old-fashioned.
B．It has the longest history.
C．It is environment-friendly.
D．It offers the biggest green space.
23．What can the guests of Scourie Hotel and Dock Hotel do?
A．Update the furniture.
B．Walk on the beach.
C．Appreciate architecture.
D．Visit industrial fairs.
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇广告，介绍了欧洲四个廉价旅馆。
21．细节理解题。根据Ho36 Hotel部分的“There are two lively bars with live music and regular DJ nights, a restaurant serving hearty Alpine meals and film nights.(这里有两个热闹的酒吧，有现场音乐和定期的DJ之夜，还有一家餐厅提供丰盛的阿尔卑斯美食和电影之夜)”可知，Ho36 Hotel有两间热闹的酒吧，还有供应美食和电影的餐厅，所以它适合那些喜欢活跃社交生活的人，故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据Conscious Hotel部分的“This fourth hotel by Dutch sustainable brand Conscious is the first powered entirely by wind.(这家由荷兰可持续品牌意识设计的第四家酒店是第一家完全由风力驱动的酒店)”可知，Conscious Hotel的特殊之处是，它第一个完全由风力驱动的酒店，即环境友好型的酒店，故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据Scourie Hotel部分的“There’s a string of spectacular beaches to discover, including the Scourie Bay with golden sand.(这里有一系列壮观的海滩等着你去发现，包括有金色沙滩的斯科瑞湾)”以及Dock Hotel部分的“The hotel is 12 minutes’ walk from the beach.(酒店距离海滩步行12分钟)”可知，这两个酒店的游客都可去沙滩上走走。故选B。
B
Walking around the world may seem impossible, but that didn't stop one American woman from putting one foot in front of the other.
In 2014, Angela Maxwell, then in her early 30s, began her walk around the world alone. After six-and-a-half years and over 32,000 kilometers, Maxwell's walk ended where it began.
Before she left on her journey, Maxwell's found inspiration from women explorers of the past. “I read their books in hopes of finding encouragement—and I did—by learning about their challenges and struggles as well as their triumphs. Each woman's story was vastly different and it gave me the confidence to give my walk a try.” Maxwell told the BBC．
After selling all of her belongings, Maxwell left her hometown of Bend, Oregon, with 50 kilograms of camping gear, dehydrated（脱水的）food, a water filter and clothing for all seasons.
Maxwell's worldwide walk wasn't easy. She suffered from sunburn and heatstroke in the Australian desert and dengue fever in Vietnam. She heard gunshots while camping in Turkey and was attacked in her tent in Mongolia. Still, she continued to walk. She learned beekeeping in the Republic of Georgia and camel-handling on the historical Silk Road in Mongolia. She helped a farmer renovate his house in Sardinia and handed out food to homeless people in Italy. She gathered countless stories that she'd go on to speak about at schools, universities and conferences.
When the BBC asked her what kind of person it takes to walk around the world, Maxwell said. "It's probably a combination of ambition, a little stubbornness and a pinch of passion—not for hiking as a sport, but for self-discovery and adventure."
"I didn't start walking because I was fearless—but rather because I was terrified. I was more afraid of not following my heart than I was of losing everything I owned and loved."
24．Where did Maxwell return after finishing her walking?
A．Bend Oregon. B．Mongolia.
C．Australia. D．The Republic of Georgia.
25．What inspired Maxwell to start her own around-world journey?
A．The beautiful scenery around the world.
B．The sufferings women explorers experienced.
C．The encouragement from women explorers.
D．The stories of those past women explorers.
26．Which of the following can be used to describe Angela Maxwell?
A．Fearless and brave. B．Caring and strong-willed.
C．Passionate and careful. D．Cautious and ambitious.
27．What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A．She was so curious as to explore the world.
B．She was not frightened of anything unknown.
C．She was afraid of not following her heart.
D．She was afraid of losing what she owned and loved.
【答案】24．A 25．D 26．B 27．C
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是2014年，30岁出头的安吉拉·马克斯韦尔(Angela Maxwell)开始独自环游世界。经过六年半的时间和超过32000公里的行程，麦克斯韦尔的行走结束于起点。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段的“After six-and-a-half years and over 32,000 kilometers, Maxwell's walk ended where it began.（经过六年半的时间和超过32000公里的行程，麦克斯韦尔的行走结束于起点。）”和第四段的“After selling all of her belongings, Maxwell left her hometown of Bend, Oregon（在卖掉了她所有的财产后，麦克斯韦尔离开了她的家乡俄勒冈州的本德）”内容结合，可知Maxwell回到了Bend, Oregon。因而A正确。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段的“I read their books in hopes of finding encouragement—and I did—by learning about their challenges and struggles as well as their triumphs. Each woman's story was vastly different and it gave me the confidence to give my walk a try.（我读他们的书，希望通过了解他们的挑战和奋斗以及他们的成功来获得鼓励——我确实这样做了。每个女人的故事都大不相同，这给了我尝试走路的信心。）”推理出，Maxwell徒步世界是因为受了那些女探险家们故事的启发。因而D正确。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段的“Maxwell's worldwide walk wasn't easy. She suffered from sunburn and heatstroke in the Australian desert and dengue fever in Vietnam. She heard gunshots while camping in Turkey and was attacked in her tent in Mongolia. Still, she continued to walk.（麦克斯韦的环球行走并不容易。她在澳大利亚沙漠中晒伤、中暑，在越南染上登革热。她在土耳其露营时听到了枪声，在蒙古的帐篷里也遭到了袭击。但她还是继续走着。）”可知，她是意志坚强的；根据第五段的“She helped a farmer renovate his house in Sardinia and handed out food to homeless people in Italy.（她帮助撒丁岛的一位农民翻新房屋，并向意大利无家可归的人分发食物。）”可知，她是关心他人的，因此B选项Caring and strong-willed可以描述她，故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段内容“I didn't start walking because I was fearless—but rather because I was terrified. I was more afraid of not following my heart than I was of losing everything I owned and loved.（我开始走路不是因为我无所畏惧，而是因为我害怕。比起失去我所拥有和所爱的一切，我更害怕不听从自己的心）”可知她害怕不听从自己的心，故选C。
C
The idea of unplugged running is gaining steam in the fitness community, as recent studies show that being addicted to tracking fitness metrics can lead to negative mindsets and outcomes.
Eoin Whelan, a senior lecturer in business information systems at the National University of Ireland Galway, explores the psychology behind engagement with social media and fitness tracking apps. “People are getting more enjoyment out of gathering the data and analyzing that and sharing it with other people”, Whelan told CNN, adding that there is a big element of social comparison for those who use fitness tracking apps. “People will compare themselves to people who are better than them, who are running faster or running longer. And ultimately we know that makes them feel bad.”
Whelan also noted that people who are very reliant on smartwatches. fitness trackers or fitness apps are more likely to skip their workout if the batteries on their tracking devices are dead. It’s like we can’t interpret our own body signals. We are becoming very dependent on the technology to actually do that for us. When you ask some of the athletes a simple question like “how did you sleep last night?” they can’t answer unless they look at the data.
Other researches show that too much screen time, including looking at our smartwatch or fitness apps, has negative impacts on mental health. The information people gather from smartwatches and workout tracking apps can contribute to “information overload” problems. Having a constant flow of information due to technology can lead to stress, anxiety, loss of sleep, depression, and more. The more we allow notifications and alerts to beckon (吸引) us, the more stress and anxiety chemicals are released, making us on edge and our mental and emotional systems are flooded with a message that says, “check me now”. Some experts advocate us to create screen-free zones as well as taking “tech breaks”, where we set a 15-or 30-timer during which we don’t check our phone. The time limit tells our brain that we can check the phone soon and reduces the anxiety of feeling we have to check in all the time.
Running watch-free is beneficial for more than just the casual jogger or weekend warrior. Some professionals also have had success with leaving their watches at home. Welsh runner Steve Jones famously set a world record at the 1984 Chicago Marathon without wearing a watch. He later told journalists he didn't even know he was on world record-pace until he crossed the finish line.
It’s not all negative, though. Other studies show there are many upsides to using fitness trackers. When using these technologies, some people tend to exercise for longer and at a higher intensity as well, which is all good for their physical well- being. So ditching the data might not be best for everyone.
28．According to Whelan, why do people involve themselves in fitness tracking apps?
A．Because they fail to interpret their own body signals.
B．Because they want to learn from those who exercise better.
C．Because they skip workout when their batteries run out.
D．Because they gain satisfaction when they see the data.
29．What could “tech breaks” do for us, according to Whelan?
A．They enable our mind to relax for a while. B．They allow us to check our phone at any time.
C．They expose our mind to crowded information. D．They release anxiety chemicals affecting us.
30．What does the underlined word “ditching” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Tracking. B．Abandoning. C．Analyzing. D．Collecting.
31．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Running watch-free gives people more motivation.
B．Professional runners do not wear a watch while training.
C．Information overload has bad effects on our mental health.
D．The setbacks of running watch-free outweigh the benefits.
【答案】28．D 29．A 30．B 31．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近的研究表明，沉迷于跟踪健身指标可能会导致消极的心态和结果。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“People are getting more enjoyment out of gathering the data and analyzing that and sharing it with other people（人们从收集数据，分析数据并与他人分享中获得了更多乐趣）”可知，人们在沉迷于跟踪健身指标应用软件中获得了更多的乐趣，得到了满足感。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“The time limit tells our brain that we can check the phone soon and reduces the anxiety of feeling we have to check in all the time（这个时间限制告诉我们的大脑，我们可以很快查看手机并且减少我们一直看手机的焦虑感）”可知，tech breaks可以让我们减少焦虑感，从而让大脑休息。故选A。
30．词义猜测题。根据“Other studies show there are many upsides to using fitness trackers（其他研究表明使用健康跟踪软件有许多好处）”可猜测ditching the data might not be best for everyone意思是“抛弃数据可能不是对每个人都是最好的”，故ditching意为“抛弃”，A. Tracking追踪；B. Abandoning抛弃；C. Analyzing分析；D. Collecting收集。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据第四段“Having a constant flow of information due to technology can lead to stress, anxiety, loss of sleep, depression, and more（因为科技而不断地看信息可能导致压力，焦虑，失眠，抑郁以及更多）”可推断出，过多的信息对我们的精神健康有害。故选C。
D
The term “Pygmalion effect” was coined in reference to studies done in the 1960s on the influence of teacher expectations on students’ IQs. The studies asked if teachers had high expectations, would those expectations become self-fulfilling prophecies (预言）regardless of initial IQ? In that particular case, years of debate and analysis have resulted in the conclusion that the effects were negligible.
However, the concept of the Pygmalion effect—expectations influencing performance and becoming self-fulfilling prophecies —is widespread. Many people have stories of achieving something just because someone had especially high expectations of them.
The Pygmalion effect suggests our reality is negotiable and can be influenced by others — on purpose or by accident. What we achieve, how we think, how we act, and how we perceive our capabilities can be affected by the expectations of those around us.
An interesting use of the Pygmalion effect might be that suggested by George Bernard Shaw's play Pygmalion. In it, Professor Henry Higgins takes a poor flower seller from the streets, Eliza Doolittle, and by giving her lessons helps her sound like a duchess(公爵夫人). Being able to speak like a member of the upper classes is meant to open doors and give her opportunities that she would otherwise never have. Eliza finally appears to be a duchess as Higgins wishes. The expectations people have of us affect us in countless subtle(微妙的) ways each day. Like Eliza Doolittle, those expectations affect the opportunities we are offered, how we are spoken to, and the praise and criticism we receive.
Individually, these may have minimal impact. In the long run, however, they might decide whether we succeed or fail or fall somewhere on the range in between.
The Pygmalion effect is best understood as a reminder to be mindful of the potential influence of our expectations. Even if the effect is small, having high expectations in many situations can only inspire others regarding their own capabilities. People’s limitations can be stretched if you change your perception of their limitations. A lot of what we accomplish in life is done in groups. If you want the people around you to have success, you can try raising your expectations. If you expect the worst, you’ll probably get it.
32．What does the underlined word “negligible” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Slight. B．Unusual. C．Important. D．Shocking.
33．What can we learn from the passage about the Pygmalion effect?
A．It works better in individuals than in groups.
B．It takes effect only in the field of education.
C．It stresses people’s expectations on others.
D．It can increase people’s initial IQ.
34．The author illustrates the use of the Pygmalion effect in Paragraph 4 mainly by________.
A．making a comparison
B．providing an example
C．introducing an approach
D．presenting an assumption
【答案】32．A 33．C 34．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了皮格马利翁效应这一概念。
32．词句猜测题。根据下文“However, the concept of the Pygmalion effect—expectations influencing performance and becoming self-fulfilling prophecies (预言) —is widespread.( 然而，皮格马利翁效应(Pygmalion effect)的概念——预期影响业绩并成为自我实现的预言——却广为流传)”可知，划线词所在的句子与之意思相反，划线词所在句子意为“在这一特殊情况下，多年的辩论和分析得出的结论是，影响是可以忽略不计的。”，由此可知，negligible意为“轻微的”。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The Pygmalion effect suggests our reality is negotiable and can be influenced by others — on purpose or by accident. What we achieve, how we think, how we act, and how we perceive our capabilities can be affected by the expectations of those around us.(皮格马利翁效应(Pygmalion effect)表明，我们的现实是可以协商的，可以受到他人的影响——有意或无意。我们所取得的成就，我们如何思考，我们如何行动，以及我们如何看待自己的能力都会受到周围人的期望的影响。)”可知，皮格马利翁效应强调了人们对他人的期望。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“An interesting use of the Pygmalion effect might be that suggested by George Bernard Shaw's play Pygmalion.( 萧伯纳的戏剧《皮格马利翁》提出了皮格马利翁效应的一个有趣用法。)”以及接下来叙述的茶花女的故事可知，作者在第4段主要通过一个例子来说明皮格马利翁效应的使用。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．选项中有两项为多余选项．
Waking Up an Hour Earlier Can Help Fight Depression
Adequate (充足的) sleep is essential for maintaining good physical and mental health. Now, new research has revealed that good health also depends on sleep schedules. In fact, waking up an hour earlier is generally found to help prevent or fight against major depression.
This discovery was made in a study conducted by researchers from the University of Colorado in 2021. They found that waking up an hour earlier helps people who usually get up later improve their mood. ____35____
This research adds to other similar studies which suggested that early risers tend to be healthier. At the same time, the fact that waking up an hour earlier improves the mood is associated with enjoying more hours of sunshine to a large extent.
The study started from the assumption that if people go to bed an hour earlier, they'll also wake up an hour earlier. Based on this idea, the researchers came to the conclusion that if people who go to bed at 3 am, decide to go to bed at 2 am, their risk of suffering from depression is reduced by 23 percent. ____36____
____37____ Generally they assumed that it's because daylight generates a large amount of hormonal (荷尔蒙的) impacts that affect mood. However, experts do not rule out (排除) the idea that non-early risers have a certain mismatch with social rhythms. This is because we live in a society that focuses more on daytime activities. ____38____ In fact, being a night owl effectively means giving up a "normal life".
However, the study indicates that all of this is assumption. ____39____ In this way, they can continue to work out the reasons why waking up an hour earlier can have such an impact on depression.A．The experts, though, didn't fully understand the reasons.
B．It can also reduce the risk of developing major depression.
C．However, waking up one hour earlier causes some problems.
D．For this reason, experts stress the need for new and extensive research.
E．Sometimes they become energetic the next day when they have enough sleep.
F．If they went to bed at 1 am, the risk reduction could be as much as 40 percent.
G．Therefore, not keeping with that social rhythm can cause certain feelings of inadequacy.
【答案】35．B 36．F 37．A 38．G 39．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了早起一小时有助于对抗抑郁。
35．根据上文“They found that waking up an hour earlier helps people who usually get up later improve their mood.( 他们发现，早起一小时有助于那些通常晚起的人改善他们的情绪。)”可知，空处继续补充说明早起一小时带来的好处。B项：It can also reduce the risk of developing major depression.(它还可以降低患严重抑郁症的风险。)符合语境。故选B。
36．根据上文“Based on this idea, the researchers came to the conclusion that if people who go to bed at 3 am, decide to go to bed at 2 am, their risk of suffering from depression is reduced by 23 percent.(基于这个想法，研究人员得出结论，如果人们在凌晨3点上床睡觉，决定在凌晨2点上床睡觉，他们患抑郁症的风险降低23%)”可知，空处说明凌晨1点睡觉的结果。F项：If they went to bed at 1 am, the risk reduction could be as much as 40 percent.( 如果他们在凌晨1点上床睡觉，风险降低可能高达40%。)符合语境。故选F。
37．根据下文“Generally they assumed that it's because daylight generates a large amount of hormonal impacts that affect mood. However, experts do not rule out the idea that non-early risers have a certain mismatch with social rhythms.( 一般来说，他们认为这是因为日光产生大量的荷尔蒙影响影响情绪。然而，专家们并不排除非早起者与社会节律有一定的不匹配。)”可知，专家们并不理解原因。A项：The experts, though, didn't fully understand the reasons.(然而，专家们并没有完全理解其中的原因。)符合语境。故选A。
38．根据上文“This is because we live in a society that focuses more on daytime activities.( 这是因为我们生活在一个更注重白天活动的社会。)”可知，空处与上文形成因果关系，说明如果不与社会节奏保持一致就会感觉不舒服。G项：Therefore, not keeping with that social rhythm can cause certain feelings of inadequacy.( 因此，不与社会节奏保持一致会导致某些不适当的感觉。)符合语境。故选G。
39．根据上文“However, the study indicates that all of this is assumption.(然而，研究表明，所有这些都是假设。)”可知，上文提到的都是假设，因此需要更广泛的研究。D项：For this reason, experts stress the need for new and extensive research.( 由于这个原因，专家们强调需要新的和广泛的研究。)符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Mental health conditions are an increasing problem in Australia and around the world. Around one in two Australians will experience a mental health issue in their lifetime. Globally, about 1 in 10 people live with a mental health disorder.
Eating a diet rich in fruit and vegetables is associated with less stress, according to a new research from Edith Cowan University(ECU). The findings revealed people who ate at least 470 grams of fruit and vegetables daily had 10 percent lower stress levels than those who consumed less than 230 grams. Lead researcher, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini said, “We found that people who have higher fruit and vegetable intakes are less stressed than those with lower intakes, which suggests diet plays a key role in mental health.”
According to Ms Radavelli-Bagatini, some stress is considered normal, but long-term exposure can lead to a range of health problems including heart disease, depression and anxiety, so we need to find ways to prevent and possibly reduce mental health problems in the future.
Previous studies have shown the link between fruit and vegetable consumption and stress in younger adults. But this is the first time we’re seeing similar results across adults of all ages,” said Radavelli-Bagatini. While the mechanisms (机制)behind how fruit and vegetable consumption influences stress are still unclear. Radavelli-Bagatini said key nutrients could be a factor.
“Vegetables and fruits contain important nutrients such as vitamins, minerals andcarotenoids(类胡萝卜素) that can reduce inflammation(发炎) and oxidative (氧化应激) stress which are recognized factors that can lead to increased stress, anxiety and lower mood, and therefore improve mental health,”. she said. These findings encourage more researches into diet and specifically what fruits and vegetables provide the most benefits for mental health.
40．According to the passage, what problems can be caused by long-term stress?
41．What might be the reason why eating a diet rich in vegetables and fruits can lead to less stress?
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Researches carried out before have shown that higher consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with lower stress level in people of all ages.
43．Besides eating fruit and vegetables, what other ways do you often use to cope with stress to maintain mental health? (about 40 words)
【答案】40．It can cause a range of problems such as heart disease, depression and anxiety.
41．The reason might be the key (important) nutrients contained in vegetables and fruits such as vitamins, minerals and carotenoids (that can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress).
42．Researches carried out before have shown that higher consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with lower stress level in people of all ages.
According to the passage, researchers carried out before have shown that higher consumption of fruits and vegetables is associate with low stress in younger adults.
43．Open. For example:When I feel stressed, I do physical exercise to lighten my mood which can help me get my mind off my problems and calm myself down. Also, if I can’t solve the problem on my own, I will turn to my parents or friends for help and support.
【解析】这是一篇说明文，研究表明多吃富含水果和蔬菜的食物有助于减缓压力，保持精神健康。
40．考查细节理解。根据第三段“ long -term exposure can lead to a range of health problems including heart disease, depression and anxiety”可知，长期暴露在压力下可能导致一系列的健康问题，包括心理疾病，绝望和焦虑。故答案为 It can cause a range of health problems including heart disease, depression and anxiety.
41．考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段“Vegetables and fruits contain important nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and carotenoids(类胡萝卜素) that can reduce inflammation(发炎) and oxidative (氧化应激) stress”，可知，蔬菜和水果包含重要的营养，例如，维生素，矿物质和类胡萝卜素，这些东西可以减少发炎和氧化应激压力。故答案为 The reason might be the important nutrients contained in vegetables and fruits.
42．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“Previous studies have shown the link between fruit and vegetable consumption and stress in younger adults.（先前的研究表明，年轻人食用水果和蔬菜与压力之间存在联系）”可知题干“Researches carried out before have shown that higher consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with lower stress level in people of all ages.”中的 people of all ages与文章的younger adults相矛盾，故答案为：According to the passage, researchers carried out before have shown that higher consumption of fruits and vegetables is associate with low stress in younger adults.
43．本题属于主观题，言之有理即可，例如：When I feel stressed, I do physical exercise to lighten my mood which can help me get my mind off my problems and calm myself down. Also, if I can’t solve the problem on my own, I will turn to my parents or friends for help and support.
第二节（20分）
假定你是高三学生李华，校刊英文角邀请你给刚入学的高新生写封信，主题是“如何规划高中生活”，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；2.提出建议（学习方面和生活方面）；3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.不得透露真实的姓名和学校；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.词数100左右。
Dear freshmen,
I am Li Hua, a student who is going to graduate from our school.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Freshmen,
I am Li Hua, a student who is going to graduate from our school. At first, I'd like to extend my heartfelt welcome to all of you. Considering that senior high is greatly different from junior high, I'm writing this letter to offer you some suggestions on how to spend your high school fruitfully.
On one hand, you'd better put study first. Apart from spending most of your time on study, you are expected to explore your own learning methods instead of relying too much on your teachers. Meanwhile, keep a good state of mind the moment you come across failure. On the other hand, it is of vital importance to get on well with your teachers and classmates, with whom you can share your happiness and sorrow. In addition, don't forget to exercise regularly to build up your body.
I sincerely hope you have a bright future.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua