一轮巩固卷10-【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（新高考专用）

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【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（新高考专用）
一轮巩固卷10
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. How was the weather last Saturday?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
【答案】A
【1题详解】
Text 1
M: I’m going swimming in the lake on Sunday. Do you want to come?
W: Isn’t it going to be cloudy?
M: That doesn’t matter because it will be 25 degrees.
W: OK. I went swimming last Saturday when it was raining. It was funnier than swimming on a sunny day!
2. What will the man probably do next?
A. Return to the party. B. Go home. C. Attend a meeting.
【答案】 B
【2题详解】
Text 2
M: Emma! What are you doing outside? Aren’t you enjoying the party?
W: Parties aren’t really my thing. I’ll head home soon.
M: I will go back too. I’ve got a meeting tomorrow morning.
3. What is the man doing?
A. Sending a text. B. Moving the furniture. C. Painting the walls.
【答案】B
【3题详解】
Text 3
M: Hello, Maria.
W: Hi, Mike. Are you having your breakfast?
M: No. I’m helping my dad move the furniture in my bedroom. Then we’re going to paint the walls.
W: OK. I’ll send you a text later. Have fun painting.
4. Where will the speakers meet this evening?
A. Outside a bookstore. B. In a cafe. C. In a concert hall.
【答案】A
【4题详解】
Text 4
M: Do you want to go to the concert this evening?
W: Yeah. We could go and eat something first.
M: All right. Why don’t I wait for you outside the bookstore at about six?
W: OK. I’ll meet you there when I finish work. Then we can look for a café before the concert.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.A film. B.A song. C. An actor.
【答案】A
【5题详解】
Text 5
W: That’s the first film I’ve seen with an interval. It was hard to work out what was happening and the break even made me forget the actors’ names.
M: Indeed. They kept playing the same song, but it added to the atmosphere.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a hospital. B. At home. C. In a restaurant.
【答案】B
7. What did the man do today?
A. He went to the dentist's. B. He had his eyes examined. C. He made medical appointments.
【答案】A
【6-7题详解】
Text 6
W: How did your appointment go?
M: Yeah, fine. They didn’t need to do anything.
W: Great! So your eyes are all OK then?
M: The sight test is next week, actually, Mum. I was having my teeth checked today.
W: Oh, yes. Your dad made the appointments this time, so I couldn’t remember who you were seeing first. He should be back from the doctor’s any minute.
M: So are you making the dinner tonight?
W: I am, and it’s your favorite—noodles.
M: Great!
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What did the woman think of the program last night?
A. Boring. B. So-so. C. Satisfying.
【答案】C
9. What does the man like doing?
A. Watching TV. B. Playing sports. C. Going to the movies.
【答案】B
【8-9题详解】
Text 7
W: Ben. Did you see the program last night about the Olympic Games? It was brilliant. I learnt so much!
M: Did you? I thought it was quite boring. In fact, I’m not really interested in sports programs.
W: But you love sports. You play football and tennis and basketball and …
M: Yes, I enjoy playing sports, but I hate watching them on TV.
W: Oh, so what kind of TV programs do you like?
M: To be honest, I don’t watch much TV. I prefer watching movies on my notebook computer.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man dissatisfied with about the airport?
A. The service. B. The parking lot. C. The location.
【答案】C
11. How does the man usually go to the airport?
A. By car. B. By subway. C. By bus.
【答案】C
12. What does the man say about the check-in?
A. It is fast. B. It is slow. C. It is uncomfortable.
【答案】A
【10-12题详解】
Text 8
W: What do you think of the airport?
M: Well, it’s far from downtown and when the traffic is bad, it can take an hour and a half to get there. The city really needs to build a new airport that is closer to the city.
W: Do you usually drive to the airport?
M: No. I usually take the airport bus. It’s clean and comfortable, and it’s a lot cheaper than driving because you don’t have to pay for parking. But my wife prefers taking the subway.
W: Is there much to do there while you wait for your flight?
M: Sure. There are a couple of stores that sell souvenirs and magazines. There are also a couple of fast-food places and the service there is nice.
W: How long does it take to check in?
M: It doesn’t take long. They’re pretty efficient.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the woman's problem?
A. She can't connect her computer to the system.
B. She can't remember her computer password.
C. She can't use the system properly.
【答案】A
14. What has the woman done?
A. She has talked with IT about her problem.
B. She has sent her computer to the factory.
C. She has made a phone call to IT.
【答案】C
15. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Wait patiently. B. Break the meeting. C. Make long phone calls.
【答案】B
16. What can we learn about the woman?
A. She knew about the meeting from Tom.
B. She has waited for IT for three hours.
C. She is unwilling to trouble others.
【答案】C
【13-16题详解】
Text 9
W: Hey Jack, can I ask you something?
M: Sure, what’s up?
W: Is something wrong with the system? I’ve been trying to get in for the past 10 minutes but it’s been kicking me out.
M: It’s all fine for me. What do you mean, “kicking you out”?
W: I’m putting in my password and it tells me the system’s offline. I’ve tried every single combination I can think of but nothing works.
M: That’s strange. My computer’s been fine. Have you tried calling IT?
W: I did, but no one picked up the phone.
M: Oh, right, they’ve got a meeting right now—but you can interrupt them if it’s an emergency.
W: I know. I just didn’t want to disturb others if it’s something simple. Besides, I’ve got a couple of phone calls to make today so I can make them now while I wait.
M: They’d better be long phone calls, then. From what Tom told me, their meeting’s going to last three hours.
W: Three hours! What sort of meeting is this?
M: It’s that planning meeting about the factory they mentioned, isn’t it? Yeah, you’d better go and interrupt them. They’re going to be in there all day.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly discussing?
A. The benefits of selling online.
B. The potential risks of selling online.
C. The dos and don't about selling online.
【答案】C
18. What is the disadvantage of the big platforms?
A. They don't offer insurance to the seller.
B. They charge a fee for advertising.
C. They can't be accessed easily.
【答案】B
19. What should be avoided?
A. Selling things of great value online.
B. Meeting the buyer at a private place.
C. Using a separate e-mail for selling online.
【答案】B
20. How will the seller be banned from the website?
A. By providing false descriptions of products.
B. By selling products at a high price.
C. By offering personal information.
【答案】A
【17-20题详解】
Text 10
M: Selling your things online helps you get rid of those you don’t need, and it can also be a great source of income.
One thing you need to consider carefully is the platform on which you are going to advertise. Most big platforms in the field are so popular with sellers, not just because they can give you access to a bigger pool of potential customers, but also because they offer insurance, both to the seller and the buyer.
The disadvantage, however, is that you will need to pay some money for using the platform. You can use some platforms that either charge a smaller fee for advertising or even no fee at all — but, in that case, what you will need to keep in mind is your safety, especially if the value of the product you’re selling is high. It’s always best to meet the buyer during the day at a public place such as a coffee shop, a library, or a supermarket parking lot — anywhere monitored by security cameras is good.
A few more things to keep in mind: always be accurate with your descriptions of the things you are selling. The last thing you want is to be accused of cheating and banned from the website. Moreover, be careful with your personal information: do not give out your full name and don’t give out your home address or cell phone number unless you have to, and have a separate e-mail address for selling online.
Remember that a smart, prepared seller is a happy seller.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you prefer history, art, special programming or something altogether different, the Museums in Atlanta will impress and delight you.
High Museum of Art
As one of the top art museums in the Southeast, High Museum of Art has an extensive collection of 19th and 20th-century American art and a significant amount of European artwork. There is a growing collection of African American art as well as modern and contemporary art. It is distinguished as the only major museum in North America to have a department specifically devoted to folk and self-taught art.
Delta Flight Museum
The Delta Flight Museum is an aviation and corporate museum located near the airline’s main hub. It is a nonprofit organization relying on volunteers, donations, special event rentals and Museum Store sales. It is considered an ongoing project and it collects various items year round.
Fernbank Museum of Natural History
Located along Ponce, the Fernbank Museum of Natural History is an interactive museum that will appeal to people of all ages. Permanent exhibits include dinosaur fossils and massive skeletons. Regularly scheduled educational and social events add to the appeal. The museum is also home to a five-story IMAX theater airing acclaimed nature films.
Children’s Museum of Atlanta
Founded in 1988 as a “Museum Without Walls,” the 16,316-square-foot museum includes exhibits designed for children under the age of nine and hosts field trips from schools and learning centers. The Imaginators invent fun hands-on activities for children, and create terrific programming, including original and lively 20-minute mini-musicals.
21. What’s the most distinct feature of High Museum of Art?
A. It has an extensive collection.
B. It has collections of modern and contemporary art.
C. It’s the top art museum in the Southeast.
D. It has a folk and self-taught art section.
22. In which museum can you watch fantastic IMAX films?
A. High Museum of Art. B. Delta Flight Museum.
C. Fernbank Museum of Natural History. D. Children’s Museum of Atlanta.
23. What are available in Children’s Museum of Atlanta?
A. Educational and social events.
B. Field trips and hands-on activities.
C. Original and lively 20-minute mini-movies.
D. Exhibits about dinosaur fossils and massive skeletons.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了亚特兰大四座不同的博物馆。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章High Museum of Art中的“It is distinguished as the only major museum in North America to have a department specifically devoted to folk and self-taught art.(它是北美唯一一家主要博物馆，专门有一个部门专门致力于民间艺术和自学艺术。)” 可知，高等艺术博物馆最鲜明的特点是它有一个专门致力于民间艺术和自学艺术的部门。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Fernbank Museum of Natural History中的“The museum is also home to a five-story IMAX theater airing acclaimed nature films. (博物馆还设有一个五层的IMAX影院，放映广受好评的自然电影。)” 可知，在芬班克自然历史博物馆可以观看精彩的IMAX电影。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Children’s Museum of Atlanta中的“Founded in 1988 as a “Museum Without Walls,” the 16,316-square-foot museum includes exhibits designed for children under the age of nine and hosts field trips from schools and learning centers. (这座占地16316平方英尺的博物馆建于1988年，当时是一座“没有墙壁的博物馆”，包括为九岁以下儿童设计的展品，并接待学校和学习中心的实地考察。)” 可知，在亚特兰大儿童博物馆可以实地考察和实践活动。故选B。
B
A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live a decade longer than a peer who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented. And although the average American’s expected span(预期寿命) has been smooth in recent year—and, shockingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017—that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree has continued to lengthen.
This gap in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the report of the National Academy of Sciences. Anne Case and Angus Deation of Princeton University found that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelor’s degree started to become different in the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even wider in the 2010s.
What is the link between schooling and longevity(长寿)? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greater health.
Ms. Case and Mr. Deaton argue that changes in labor markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have decreased the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair”.
The authors argued that the educational gap in mortality(致死率) will widen in the wake of the covid-19 pandemic. For America’s overall life expectancy to start climbing again, improvements will be needed across all social groups, not just among the privileged few.
24. When did the lifespans of people with and without a degree vary greatly?
A. In the 1990s. B. In the 2020s
C. In the 2000s D. In the 2010s
25. According to the article, changes in labor markets reduce jobs for those without a degree. Which change is NOT included?
A. The rising spending of employer-provided health care.
B. The gap in life expectancy.
C Raised request for better-educated workers.
D. The development of automation.
26. What does the underlined phrase “in the wake of” probably mean?
A. after B. until C. before D. while
27. What is the best title for the text?
A. Changes in labor market.
B. Quit bad habits by Further study
C. Educated Americans live longer.
D. Highly-educated people develop healthier lifestyles.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了在美国有学士学位的人比没有学士学位的人享有更长的寿命并分析了原因。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Anne Case and Angus Deaton of Princeton University found that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelor’s degree started to become different in the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even wider in the 2010s.(普林斯顿大学的安妮•凯斯和安格斯•迪顿发现，从20世纪90年代到21世纪初，有学士学位和没有学士学位的人的寿命开始发生变化。这一差距在21世纪10年代进一步扩大)”可知，在21世纪10年代，有学士学位和没有学士学位的人的寿命之间的差距变化很大。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labor markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have decreased the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree.(凯斯女士和迪顿先生认为，劳动力市场的变化，包括自动化的兴起和对受过高等教育的工人需求的增加，再加上雇主提供的医疗保健成本的上升，减少了对没有学位的人提供高薪工作的机会 )”可知，劳动力市场的变化包括A、C和D项内容，不包括B项（预期寿命的差距）。故选B项。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“The authors argued that the educational gap in mortality(致死率) will widen (作者认为，教育相关的死亡率差距将会扩大 )”中时态will widen可知本句所言死亡率差距将会扩大是将来的事情，上文“This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair.(这可能导致酗酒、吸毒、自杀和其他 ‘因绝望而死亡’的比例上升) ”提到，没有学位的人得到高薪工作的机会很少，走向极端的机率更大，因而可推知，在新冠疫情之后，这些人的生活会更难，死亡率不可避免地会攀升。 “in the wake of the covid-19 pandemic ”就是指在新冠疫情之后。故选A项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在美国有学士学位的人比没有学士学位的人享有更长的寿命，并分析了原因，C项“Educated Americans live longer.(受过教育的美国人寿命更长)”直指主题。故选C项。
C
These days, it’s not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures, office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks. It’s becoming more and more common to see adult taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.
What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults’ nostalgia (怀旧之情)for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today’s fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can afford that radio controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted.
Businesses have been quick to exploit the kidult trend, and the number of toy stores that target adults has risen. Companies are repackaging products from past decades and also bringing out new ones for adults. Lego, for example, has brought out an architectural series featuring landmarks from around the world.
Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly (异常)that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers. On a grander scale, these kidult opponents argue that such delayed adulthood causes couples to marry later and have fewer children. This in turn can lead to shrinking national economies，for there needs to be a generational replenishment(补充)of the workforce.
From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and their refusal to conform to society’s acceptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides, they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for employment and poor work opportunities.
Whether the kidult phenomenon will continue to grow or prove to be a passing trend is anyone’s guess. As the debate about it continues, remember that there is nothing wrong with being young at heart.
28. What does the kidult phenomenon refer to?
A. Adults act like children.
B. Adults have child-like tastes.
C. Adults go in for collecting toys.
D. Adults like playing with children.
29. Which of the following might cause the emergence of kidults?
A. Different living conditions.
B. More choices about toys.
C. High pressure of modern life.
D. Good memories of childhood.
30. How does the text deal with the debate about kidults?
A. By strongly opposing kidult opponents.
B. By convincing readers to accept kidults.
C. By refusing to take a stand on the issue.
D. By presenting both sides of the argument.
31. What can we infer about the author’s attitude towards the phenomenon from the last paragraph?
A. Doubtful. B. Positive.
C. Disapproving. D. Uncaring.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如今社会，成年人对玩具、漫画书以及传统上与孩子有关的活动产生兴趣的现象越来越普遍。这种现象背后的原因及社会上对这种现象的不同看法。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段最后句“It's becoming more and more common to see adults taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.(成年人对玩具、漫画书以及传统上与孩子有关的活动产生兴趣的现象越来越普遍。这种现象催生了一个新词：kidult)”可知，“大孩子现象”指的是成年人有像孩子一样的爱好。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段第二句“One is about adults’ nostalgia for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today’s fast-paced, stressful lifestyles.(一个原因是成人对童年的无忧无虑的日子的怀旧之情以及当今快节奏和紧张的生活方式)”可知，导致成年儿童出现的原因是现代生活的高压。故选C项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段前两句“Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers.(传统上社会不赞成那些拒绝把童年兴趣放在一边的成年人，认为这种拒绝是社会不成熟和不负责任的表现。那些赞成这种观点的人有时声称儿童成年人患有流行心理学概念称为彼得潘综合症疾病，一种人们保持情感上的青少年水平的异常)”可知，文章通过提出赞成和不赞成两个方面来处理有关成年儿童的辩论。即通过提出正反两方面的论点进行辩论。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后段最后一句“As the debate about it continues, remember that there is nothing wrong with being young at heart.(当关于这个问题的争论还在继续时，请记住，心态年轻并没有错)”可知，作者相信心态年轻没有错。由此推知，作者对这一现象持积极的态度。故选B项。
D
"If you don't have time to read, you won't have time or tools to write," writes Stephen King in his memoir. He goes on to explain writers must read widely and frequently to develop their own voice and to learn how to write sentences and structure stories in ways that make readers want to pick up their work and read it.
This idea that we must be readers first in order to be writers is echoed throughout books on writing and is often the first piece of advice that authors offer to aspiring novelists. "The more we read, the faster we can perform that magic trick of seeing how the letters have been combined into words that have meaning," writes best-selling author Francine Prose in Reading Like a Writer.
According to a recent University of Florida study of 48 MBA students, what students read in college directly affects the level of writing they achieve. In the study, researchers surveyed students about their reading materials and habits, and they also took a writing sample from their cover letters. Researchers then ran those samples—as well as samples from news stories the participants had read—through programs to assess the writings' complexity.
Upon analyzing their findings, researchers concluded that students who read academic journals and literary fiction scored higher in measures of writing complexity than those who primarily read popular fiction or web contents published on sites like BuzzFeed, Reddit and The Huffington Post.
Research has found that deep reading is distinctive from other types of reading in which we merely read text superficially. The language found in literary fiction, for example, is complex and rich in detail and metaphor. And the brain handles this language by creating a mental representation that draws on the same brain regions that would be active if you were experiencing the event in real life.
Regardless of what science may say about how reading affects writing though, writers themselves tend to agree that you can't be a successful writer unless you are first a voracious（求知欲强的）reader. By reading, writers not only accumulate knowledge, but they also gain a better understanding of language, learn their genre（风格），grow their vocabulary and most importantly, find inspiration.
Perhaps that's why when the late writer and Nobel Prize winner Jose Saramago was asked about his daily writing routine, he said," I write two pages. And then I read and read and read."
32. How does the author describe the effect of reading on writing in the first paragraph?
A. By using a novelist's words. B. By making a comparison.
C. By referring to a study. D. By introducing a concept.
33. What can be learned from the study?
A. The quality of reading materials affects people's writing level.
B. People tend to read articles on web pages.
C. Reading is more important than writing.
D. People who read more are more likely to write better.
34. What is the consensus（共识）among writers?
A. A successful writer must first grow his/ her vocabulary.
B. A successful writer must be experienced in real life.
C. A successful writer must be attractive to his/ her potential readers.
D. A successful writer must be first a "greedy" reader.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A Reading plays an important part in writing.
B. People's reading habits are changing as time goes by.
C. Deep reading is necessary for every writer.
D. Writers tend to find inspiration from reading.
【答案】32. A 33. A 34. D 35. A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读对写作所产生的影响。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“"If you don't have time to read, you won't have time or tools to write," writes Stephen King in his memoir. (如果你没有时间阅读，你就没有时间或工具来写作，” Stephen King在他的回忆录中写道。)”可知，作者通过引用小说家Stephen King在他回忆录里所写的话来描述阅读对写作的影响。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“According to a recent University of Florida study of 48 MBA students, what students read in college directly affects the level of writing they achieve.(根据佛罗里达大学最近对48名MBA学生的一项研究，学生在大学里阅读的内容直接影响他们的写作水平。)”可知，学生在大学所阅读的东西会直接影响他们在写作方面能够达到的水平；且根据第四段内容可知阅读文学作品的人的写作水平高于阅读一般网上的小说的人，也就是读物的质量影响写作质量。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段第一句中“Regardless of what science may say about how reading affects writing though, writers themselves tend to agree that you can't be a successful writer unless you are first a voracious（求知欲强的）reader.(不管科学如何解释阅读如何影响写作，作家们都倾向于认为，除非你首先是一个求知欲强的的读者，否则你无法成为一个成功的作家。)”可知，作家们的共识是一个成功的作家首先必须是一个“贪婪的”读者。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读整篇文章以及根据第二段“This idea that we must be readers first in order to be writers is echoed throughout books on writing and is often the first piece of advice that authors offer to aspiring novelists. " The more we read, the faster we can perform that magic trick of seeing how the letters have been combined into words that have meaning," writes best-selling author Francine Prose in Reading Like a Writer.”（我们必须首先成为读者，才能成为作家，这一理念在写作书籍中得到了呼应，通常也是作家向有抱负的小说家提供的第一条建议。”我们读得越多，就能越快地看到字母是如何组合成有意义的单词的，”畅销书作家弗朗辛•普罗斯在《像作家一样阅读》中写道。）可知，本文主要介绍了阅读对写作所起的重要作用。故选A。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Think your husband is afraid when it comes to pain. It turns out that men feel more pain than women, ___36___.
A team of researchers from Canada has discovered that men are more sensitive and stressed if they know they are about to go through a painful experience that’s happened to them before. For the study, 41 men and 38 women were placed in a room where they were exposed to low levels of pain from heat on their forearm. After the initial low-level pain test, the subjects were exposed to higher levels of pain.
To determine if memory plays a role in pain tolerance, the same participants were asked to return the next day to the same room. ___37___. And men reported higher levels of pain compared to women.
“This is an important finding because pain is a problem to the extent that you remember,” explained Loren Martin, co-author of the study and an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Toronto Mississauga. “___38___, we may be able to help some sufferers by researching the mechanisms(机理) behind the memories directly.”
___39___. A 2014 Austrian study found that men experience more pain after major surgery, while women feel more pain following minor procedures.
For the four-year study, researchers interviewed 10, 000 men and women within 24 hours after surgery. ___40___. The participants answered questions about their operation, the anesthesia they received and their level of pain.
A. They experienced the same tests
B. When we study the principle of brain
C. The forearm is easy to respond to pain
D. If we understand how pain is remembered
E. when the pain is caused by a similar method experienced before
F. Of the patients surveyed, 42 percent were men and 58 percent were women
G. However, there are some instances when women are more sensitive to pain than men
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. D 39. G 40. F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了加拿大的一组研究人员发现，如果男性知道自己将要经历以前发生过的痛苦经历，他们会更敏感、更紧张。介绍了研究过程以及相关研究发现。
【36题详解】
根据下一段第一句A team of researchers from Canada has discovered that men are more sensitive and stressed if they know they are about to go through a painful experience that’s happened to them before.可知加拿大的一组研究人员发现，如果男性知道自己将要经历以前发生过的痛苦经历，他们会更敏感、更紧张。由此可知，本句旨在说明当疼痛是由以前经历过的类似方法引起的时候，男人比女性更能感受到疼痛。故E选项“当疼痛是由以前经历过的类似方法引起的”符合语境，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据上文To determine if memory plays a role in pain tolerance, the same participants were asked to return the next day to the same room.(为了确定记忆是否对疼痛耐受性起作用，同样的参与者被要求第二天回到同一个房间) 以及后文And men reported higher levels of pain compared to women.(男性报告的疼痛程度高于女性)由此可知，本句承接上文说明试验的过程，上文提到同样的参与者被放入了同一房间，而要比较男性和女性的疼痛程度，那么应当是进行了同样的测试。故A选项“他们经历了同样的测试”符合语境，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据后文we may be able to help some sufferers by researching the mechanisms(机理) behind the memories directly.可知我们或许可以通过直接研究记忆背后的机制来帮助一些患者。由此可知，此处是在说明明白疼痛记忆的意义。如果我们能够明白疼痛是如何记忆的，那么我们或许可以通过直接研究记忆背后的机制来帮助一些患者。故D选项“如果我们明白疼痛是如何记忆的”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据后文A 2014 Austrian study found that men experience more pain after major surgery, while women feel more pain following minor procedures.可知2014年奥地利的一项研究发现，男性在大手术后更容易感到疼痛，而女性在小手术后更容易感到疼痛。由此可知，女性对小手术更容易感到疼痛，说明女性比男性对疼痛敏感。故G选项“然而，在某些情况下，女人比男人对疼痛更敏感”符合语境，故选G。
【40题详解】
根据上文For the four-year study, researchers interviewed 10, 000 men and women within 24 hours after surgery. (在这项为期四年的研究中，研究人员在手术后24小时内采访了1万名男性和女性)以及后文The participants answered questions about their operation, the anesthesia they received and their level of pain.(参与者回答关于他们的手术，他们接受的麻醉和他们的疼痛程度的问题)由此可知，本句应当是承接上文继续说明接受采访的参与者中，男性和女性的比重情况。故F选项“在接受调查的患者中，42%是男性，58%是女性”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’ll never forget a ride 20 years ago. Back then, I ___41___ a taxi. One time, I was called at midnight to___42___ a passenger. When I arrived, the building was dark except for one night in a window.
I walked to the door and knocked. A small woman in her 80s stood before me. By her side was a___43___. I took it and we walked slowly to the street. She kept thanking me.
“It’s nothing, I tried to treat my passengers how I want my mother___44___.”
When we got into the taxi, she gave me the___45___, and then asked me to drive through the downtown. But I told her it was not the shortest way.
“Oh, I’m in no hurry,” she said. “I’m on my way to a hospice (临终医院). The doctor says I don’t have very long.”
I quietly___46___ the meter (计价器). For the next two hours, she showed me the building where she had once worked, the___47___ where she had lived, and the furniture shop that had once been a ballroom where she had gone___48___ as a girl. In the early morning, she suddenly said, “I’m tired. Let’s go now.” We drove in___49___ to the hospice. As I___50___, two nurses were waiting for us. They helped her into a wheelchair.
“How much do I___51___ you?” she asked, reaching for her purse.
I said nothing, leaned down and gave her a___52___. She said, “You gave me a little moment of joy. Thank you.”
I___53___ her hand and then walked back. I believe I had never done anything more important in my life. We usually think that our lives are___54___ by great moments. But I now realize that great moments catch us by surprise, because they often seem quite___55___.
41. A. hired B. drove C. repaired D. employed
42. A. carry B. find C. see off D. pick up
43. A. suitcase B. cat C. wheelchair D. purse
44. A. cured B. cared C. treated D. fed
45. A. address B. money C. map D. direction
46. A. turn on B. shut off C. set up D. tear down
47 A. castle B. destination C. hospice D. neighborhood
48. A. shopping B. dancing C. sporting D. dating
49. A. advance B. amusement C. excitement D. silence
50. A. pulled up B. pull through C. wandered D. withdrew
51. A. occupy B. owe C. charge D. feed
52. A. present B. smile C. hug D. promise
53. A. squeezed B. folded C. pulled D. raised
54. A. divided B. detected C. declared D. defined
55. A. reliable B. small C. incredible D. innocent
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者作为出租车司机时的一次经历。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时，我开出租车。A. hired雇佣；B. drove驾驶；C. repaired修理；D. employed雇佣。结合下一句“I was called at midnight to 42 a passenger”可知，作者当时是一名出租车司机。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我半夜被叫去接一个乘客。A. carry携带；B. find找到，发现；C. see off 送行，送别；D. pick up（开车）接。结合空后的“a passenger”及语境可知，此处指作者去接一名乘客。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她旁边是一个手提箱。A. suitcase手提箱；B. cat猫；C. wheelchair轮椅；D. purse钱包。结合下一句“I took it and we walked slowly to the street.(我拿过来，然后我们慢慢向街道走去)”及下文内容可知，老人是去临终医院，应是带着行李，suitcase符合语境。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这没什么，我想要别人怎样对待我的母亲，我就怎样对待我的乘客。”A. cured治愈；B. cared关心； C. treated对待；D. fed喂养。结合“I tried to treat my passengers”及语境可知，此处指想让母亲受到怎样的对待，作者就怎样去对待别人。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们上车后，她把地址给我，让我开车穿过市区。A. address地址；B. money钱；C. map地图；D. direction方向。结合前后句可知， 上车后应是告诉司机“地址”，让司机从市区走。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我轻轻地关了计价器。A. turn on打开；B. shut off关闭；C. set up建立；D. tear down拆除。由上文老人说的话“I’m on my way to a hospice(临终医院). The doctor says I don’t have very long.”及下文内容可知，作者受到触动，最后没有收钱，所以此处指关闭了计价器。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两个小时，她指给我看她曾经工作过的那栋楼，她曾经住过的那个街区，还有那个家具店，曾经是一个舞厅，她还是个小姑娘的时候曾在那里跳过舞。A. castle城堡；B. destination目的地；C. hospice临终医院；D. neighborhood街区，街坊。由“where she had lived”可知，此处指她曾居住 的“街区”。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两个小时，她指给我看她曾经工作过的那栋楼，她曾经住过的那个街区，还有那个家具店，曾经是一个舞厅，她还是个小姑娘的时候曾在那里跳过舞。A. shopping购物；B. dancing跳舞；C. sporting运动；D. dating约会。由“a ballroom”可知，舞厅是跳舞的地方。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们沉默着开车到了临终医院。A. advance前进；B. amusement消遣，娱乐；C. excitement激动，兴奋；D. silence沉默，寂静。由上文“I’m tired. Let’s go now.”可知，应是“沉默着”到达临终医院。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词、动词短语辨析。句意：当我停车时，两个护士正在等着我们。A. pulled up停车；B. pull through度过难关，恢复健康；C. wandered徘徊；D. withdrew收回。由空后“two nurses were waiting for us”可知，应是到达临终医院停车时，故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我应该付你多少钱？”她问，伸手去拿钱包。A. occupy占用；B. owe欠，应给与；C. charge索价，充电；D. feed喂养。结合“reaching for her purse”及语境可知，此处是到达目的地后，问司机应付多少钱。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我什么也没说，俯下身，给了她一个拥抱。A. present礼物；B. smile微笑；C. hug拥抱；D. promise承诺。由“leaned down”可知，作者俯下身去拥抱老人。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我紧紧握了下她的手，然后往回走。A. squeezed紧握；B. folded折叠；C. pulled拉；D. raised举起，提高。由空后的“her hand”可知，作者紧握住老人的手。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们通常认为我们的生活是由一些重大时刻定义的。A. divided分开；B. detected察觉，探测；C. declared宣布，声明；D. defined定义。结合语境可知，此处指生活是由一些重大时刻“定义”的。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我现在意识到，伟大的时刻总是会让我们措手不及，因为它们常常看起来很渺小。A. reliable可靠的；B. small小的； C. incredible难以置信的；D. innocent无辜的。此处与上文的great 形成对比，small符合语境。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For 30 years we have been told how temperatures have been soaring to unheard-of levels.
This is causing polar ice to melt(融化) ,sea level ___56___(rise) and has brought about a dangerous increase in extreme weather ___57___(event)，such as hurricanes, heatwaves, droughts and floods. These climate changes would likely present challenge to our society and environment. It is now a global concern ___58___ the climate changes occurring today have been severer because of man's activities.
___59___(trouble) by the serious situation, world leaders came together for talks, which were seen___60___a make-or-break situation for the United Nations climate talks.
The climate talks ___61___(lead) to about 200 hundred countries reaching an agreement that would, for ___62___first time, commit nearly every country to lowering planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions(释放)to address global climate change. That was ___63___(certain)an encouraging step forward for our earth and mankind.
As the world leaders continue to commit___64___(they) to monitoring our "sick”planet. we need to continue to take small steps to "heal(治愈)the world. We are left with not much of a____65____ (choose).If only we could just pack our bags and move to Mars!
【答案】56. to rise 57. events 58. that 59. Troubled 60. as 61. led
62. the 63. certainly 64. themselves 65. choice
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化可能会给我们的社会和环境带来挑战和世界各国领导人所做的努力。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这导致极地冰融化，海平面上升，并导致极端天气事件的危险增加，如飓风、热浪、干旱和洪水。前后并列，且根据固定短语cause sb. to do使得某人做某事。故填to rise。
【61题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：这导致极地冰融化，海平面上升，并导致极端天气事件的危险增加，如飓风、热浪、干旱和洪水。可数名词event前没有限定词。故填events。
【62题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：由于人类的活动，今天发生的气候变化变得更加严重，这是一个全球关注的问题。分析句子结构可知，句中it作形式主语，从句不缺成分，且句意完整，所以用that引导。故填that。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：世界各国领导人被严峻的形势所困扰，聚集在一起进行谈判，这被认为是联合国气候谈判成败的关键。逻辑主语world leaders与trouble之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。谓语句首，首字母大写。故填Troubled。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：世界各国领导人被严峻的形势所困扰，聚集在一起进行谈判，这被认为是联合国气候谈判成败的关键。固定短语be seen as被认为是……。故填as。
【65题详解】
考查时态。句意：气候谈判导致大约200个国家达成了一项协议，这将是第一次让几乎所有国家都承诺减少温室气体排放，以应对全球气候变化。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填led。
【66题详解】
考查冠词。句意：气候谈判导致大约200个国家达成了一项协议，这将是第一次让几乎所有国家都承诺减少温室气体排放，以应对全球气候变化。固定短语for the first time第一次。故填the。
【67题详解】
考查副词。句意：这对我们的地球和人类来说无疑是令人鼓舞的一步。句中用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填certainly。
【68题详解】
考查代词。句意：随着世界各国领导人继续致力于监测我们这个“生病”的星球。固定短语commit oneself to doing承诺致力于做某事，the world leaders为第三人称复数，所以反身代词用themselves。故填themselves。
【69题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们没有多少选择的余地。冠词a后接可数单数名词。故填choice。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假设你是李明，第十四届全国运动会即将在你们城市召开，需要一批学生志愿者。请你写信应聘。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：第十四届全国运动会 the 14th National Games
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Sir or Madam,
Knowing that the 14th National Games is going to be held in our city this year, I am writing to apply for being a volunteer for the coming event.
First of all, I have a good command of knowledge of xi’an city and its history and have been a volunteer once. I am easy-going and can communicate well with others. What’s more, I am kind and friendly to other people. So I can easily get along with people from other places.
I’m particularly interested in this job because I want to further improve my capabilities and interpersonal communication skills.
Hopefully I can receive your acceptance.
Yours,
Li Ming
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写应聘信应聘第十四届全国运动会志愿者一职。
详解】1.词汇积累
掌握：master→have a good command of
交流/交谈：talk with sb.→communicate with sb.
能力：ability→capabilities
接纳：admission→acceptance
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：What’s more, I am kind and friendly to other people. So I can easily get along with people from other places.
拓展句：What’s more, I am kind and friendly to other people so that I can easily get along with people from other places.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowing that the 14th National Games is going to be held in our city this year, I am writing to apply for being a volunteer for the coming event. (得知今年第十四届全运会将在我市举行，我写信申请成为即将到来的活动的志愿者)该句使用了“Knowing that the 14th National Games is going to be held in our city this year”现在分词作原因状语，且该结构中“that the 14th National Games is going to be held in our city this year”为that引导的宾语从句。
[高分句型2]I’m particularly interested in this job because I want to further improve my capabilities and interpersonal communication skills. (我对这份工作特别感兴趣，因为我想进一步提高自己的能力和人际沟通能力)该句中使用了because引导原因状语从句。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ten minutes to go and I could lock the shop’s door behind me. There were still a few customers who couldn’t decide what to buy. One lady tested all the lipsticks on the shelf. Her friend was busy with the sunglasses. They must be tourists with lots of time on their hands. I had a fake smile glued on my face as I waited behind the counter for them to make up their minds. They walked out without buying anything. Then it was ten minutes past 5:00. They wasted my time.
Sometimes I wondered if this was really what life was about. Working from 8:00am to 5:00pm, I caught just a glimpse of the sunrise on my way to work every morning. I wished I could stand on that hill and wait for the sun to rise. It felt like life was slipping through my fingers and that I never enjoyed the little things in life that would make me happy.
Going home after a day’s work wasn’t much relief. At home, a family was waiting for my attention. While preparing dinner, I put the laundry in the washing machine and took care of the pets. After dinner, it was time to wash the dishes while the rest of the family relaxed with their own activities. I wished I could do that, too.
My body was tired. My soul was tired. I couldn’t go on like this. It was my own fault that I didn’t make time for myself. I had spoiled my family over the years by doing everything by myself. No time for a walk with the dog, no time to just sit on my own and stare at nothing. Why should I be like this? I needed serious time for myself, time to recharge my batteries and do things that would make me a better person.
A family meeting was the first step. During the meeting, I explained why I was bad-tempered and asked them what they thought would solve the problem. Everyone got a turn to come up with ideas for how they could help me achieve my goal to have at least one hour per day to do what I liked.
注意：
1、续写词数应为150左右；
2、请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
The family was open to practical solutions.

Paragraph 2:
A month has passed since the new rules in the house began, and the plan is working perfectly.

【参考范文】
Paragraph 1:
The family was open to practical solutions. “What about having everyone be responsible for cleaning their own room?” I suggested. “And what about taking turns to cook, do laundry and clean up after dinner?” Their reaction was quite positive. I created a chart with the days of the week and the chores and with the name of the responsible family member each day. I was already to see that I would get an hour for myself every day after work.
Paragraph 2:
A month has passed since the new rules in the house began, and the plan is working perfectly. It has given us more time to spend together, chatting and laughing. I no longer feel like I’m caught in the rat race. For a month now, I’ve been able to walk seven kilometers up the hill with my dog and watch the sunset after work. Now, I don’t mind if customers are lingering in the shop when it’s time to lock the door. My smile is no longer fake. It follows that asking for help is the bravest move we can make.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者厌倦了每天上班下班包办家务的生活，她觉得自己应该成为更好的人。于是她召开了家庭会议，家人们表示会帮助她实现她的目标，让她每天至少有一小时的时间做自己喜欢的事情。一个月以后作者觉得自己变得快乐了，并领悟到学会寻求帮助是最勇敢的事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“家里愿意接受实际的解决办法。”可知，第一段可描写作者和家人们一起制定了具体的计划。
②由第二段首句内容“自房子里的新规定实施以来，一个月已经过去了，而且这个计划运行得很完美。”可知，第二段可描写作者在一个月后生活和心理上的积极变化。
2.续写线索：
制定计划——积极响应——列表——期待——变化——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①建议：suggest/advise
②获得：get/obtain
③提供：give/offer
情绪类
①积极：positive/active
【点睛】[高分句型1] It has given us more time to spend together, chatting and laughing. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] It follows that asking for help is the bravest move we can make. (运用了动名词作主语)