2022年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷（江苏专用）05

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2022年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷（江苏专用）05
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will Linda get home after school?
A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bus.
【答案】B
【解析】M: I need to pick up my mother from the train station this afternoon.
W: Do I need to pick up Linda after school is over? Will she take the bus or walk?
M: Neither. I will drive and collect her on the way back home.
2. When will the mans father most likely to finish his painting?
A. In the morning. B. In the late afternoon. C. Late into the night.
【答案】B
【解析】W: Finish your lunch quickly. I need to move everything out of this room. Your dad is going to paint the ceiling.
M: Ah, I wondered why he was buying paint this morning. Can he finish it before dinner?
W: Of course.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Doctor and patient.
【答案】C
【解析】M: Can you open wide, Lily? You’re a nice girl. Well, you seem to need some pills.
W: I hope its not serious. I don’t want to ask for leave from my teacher for being sick.
M: Its just a minor infection. You’ll get better soon.
4. What does the woman mean?
A. She enjoyed the movie.
B. She didn’t watch the movie.
C. She didn’t like the movie.
【答案】C
【解析】M: Was the movie as good as you expected?
W: It was really a waste of time and money. I should have stayed at home.
5. Why did Pierce eat so much at the party?
A. He liked the food very much.
B. He didn’t eat enough recently.
C. He had no money to buy food.
【答案】B
【解析】W: Pierce ate so much at the party as if he was a beggar who couldn’t afford a meal for days. What was the matter with him?
M: Nothing serious. I guess it’s because he is going on a diet these days.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答6~7小题。
6. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a dining hall. B. In an office downtown. C. In an apartment in the East End.
7. What does the man want to do now?
A. Get to work. B. Go to a restaurant. C. Visit the woman's company.
【答案】CB
【解析】M: Wow! Nice place! I've never been to this part of town before.
W: Thanks. This area's called the East End. It isn't very central, but I chose it because I could afford more space here.
M: Yeah, you have a whole extra room!
W: I know! I use it for work.
M: I thought you worked in an office downtown.
W: My company lets me work one day a week from home.
M: Lucky! You've got a great boss and a great apartment. I'm so happy for you! Let's celebrate! Let me take you to dinner.
听下面一段较长对话，回答8~10小题。
8. Where was the woman last week?
A. In Rome. B. In Venice. C. In Ferrara.
9. What did the woman probably visit first?
A. The castle. B. The cathedral. C. The Renaissance buildings.
10. How many times has the woman traveled abroad this year?
A. Twice. B. Three times. C. Four times.
【答案】CAB
【解析】M: I called you last week but your mother said you were sightseeing in Italy. Did you go to Rome?
W: No. I went to Rome last year and Venice the year before last, so this year I went to Ferrara. You may not have heard about it, as it isn’t one of the most famous Italian cities.
M: Oh, I’ve heard about it before. It’s known as the City of the Renaissance, right? I’ve never visited it before, though. How was your time there?
W: It was great. I visited the city centre. The cathedral and the castle are both there in the heart of the city, and both are amazing. I didn’t go to the cathedral, because it was very crowded.
M: What else did you visit there?
W: After I left the castle, I went to visit the historic part of the city, which has a lot of buildings from the Renaissance. Then I visited several palaces and churches.
M: You seem to really like traveling.
W: Yes, I love it. I usually travel abroad twice a year, and this year I’ve taken one more trip than usual.
听下面一段较长对话，回答11~13小题。
11. What was the building used as in the past?
A. A library. B. A post office. C. A supermarket.
12. What did the man’s kids do at the café on Saturday?
A. They made their own pizza. B. They had fun in the play area. C. They ate hamburgers and noodles.
13. What did the man dislike about the café?
A. The noise. B. The prices. C. The service.
【答案】CBA
【解析】W: Is anything nice at the weekend?
M: Yes. I took the kids to a new café in town on Saturday. It’s called “Little Cup” on Warwick Street, in the building that used to be the King’s Head Supermarket.
W: Oh, I think I know the place. Opposite the library?
M: That’s right. Next to the post office.
W: So, what’s it like?
M: Fantastic. All three kids loved the play area. And I found out they offer art activities, too. We’re going back after school on Wednesday, to make our own pizza!
W: Wow, that does sound good! I’m always worried about taking my kids to restaurants, because they struggle to sit still.
M: Yes, I feel the same. But this place is designed for kids so they can run around, and you can relax. It gets pretty noisy, though, unfortunately!
W: I can imagine! Was it expensive?
M: Not too bad.
W: What was the food like?
M: Delicious. I had a hamburger, and the kids all had vegetable noodles.
听下面一段较长对话，回答14~16小题。
14. What does the woman collect?
A. Coins. B. Autographs. C. Old computers.
15. Whose collection is worth a lot of money?
A. Jim’s. B. The man’s. C. The woman’s.
16. Who is the man’s favorite actor?
A. Chris Hemsworth. B. Tom Hanks. C. Marlin Brando.
【答案】CAB
【解析】W: Ralph, do you collect anything? My brother Jim likes collecting coins. Our grandfather used to do it. My brother started after he died.
M: Yes, I actually collect autographs from famous actors and actresses. Do you have a collection, Kelly?
W: I have a little collection of old computers. I think they are not worth much, though. My brother’s collection could be sold for a lot of money. He has some rare coins.
M: I don’t think I have any valuable autographs, but I still like them a lot.
W: What’s your favorite autograph? I would love to get an autograph from Chris Hemsworth. I loved him in the Thor movies!
M: My favorite autograph is from Marlin Brando. I met him at a restaurant once. I really want to get an autograph from Tom Hanks, though. He is the best actor and I love all of his movies.
W: Oh yeah. He is great. The movie Forrest Gump is one of my favorites.
听下面一段独白，回答17~20小题。
17. What can we learn about Pedal Power?
A. It was started in 1996.
B. It gives bicycles to people for free.
C. It sends bicycles to poor areas regularly.
18. What happened to Pedal Power in August 2000?
A. It couldn’t meet its costs.
B. It won an Enterprise Award.
C. It was criticized by the British media.
19. When did Dan Pearman go to Ecuador ?
A. In 1993.
B. In 1998.
C. In 2001.
20. Why was Dan Pearman’s neighbor successful in business?
A. He offered many jobs to craftsmen in the town.
B. He was the most skilled craftsman in the village.
C. He could reach customers easily by riding his bike.
【答案】CAAC
【解析】M: Pedal Power is a small charity based mainly in the UK. At Pedal Power, they collect second-hand bikes in the UK and send them to some of the poorest regions in the world. When they distribute bikes overseas, they don’t give them away for free. In order to continue operating they need to have a constant supply of bikes which they send out every six months. In August 2000, they simply ran out of money. It was a terrible situation. Fortunately, in October 2001 they won an Enterprise Award which helped them enormously.
Dan Pearman is the founder of Pedal Power. He got the idea of exporting bicycles to developing countries while he was in Ecuador. Dan Pearman went there in 1993 and he joined a voluntary organization. Where Dan Pearman lived in Ecuador was a rural area. His neighbor had the only bicycle in the village, whereas everyone else walked everywhere.
His neighbor’s business was very successful. For years Dan Pearman couldn’t understand why. Then he realized having a bike meant his neighbor could reach anywhere he liked without much trouble. Other local carpenters could only accept jobs nearby, so no matter how skilled they were, they could never do as many jobs as his neighbor. When he returned to the UK in 1998, he started planning Pedal Power.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Chinese New Year 2022 in London event programme
Online celebrations
Follow CNY London on social media channels for online celebrations from 31 January to 6 February 2022. Usually, every year, hundreds of thousands of people pour into the West End to enjoy a colourful parade, free stage performances, dragon or lion dancing and traditional Chinese food. But this year special online activities have replaced the canceled parade, live performances and events.
Television broadcast
Watch a special television broadcast on London Live and YouTube on 6 February.
Chinatown food
Head to Chinatown where you’ll be able to shop for presents, enjoy on — the — go treats and sit down for a traditional Chinese New Year meal in one of Chinatown’s restaurants.
Top tips for Chinese New Year
Follow these tips for celebrating Chinese New Year in London:
Wrap up warm: celebrations take place in February when the weather can be cold.
Learn Chinese New Year greetings: Say “Xin Nian Kuai Le” (Happy New Year in Mandarin) or “San Nin Faai Lok” (in Cantonese)
Dress in red: Red is the key colour of Chinese New Year. You can dress up with a red scarf, jumper or shoes — this will bring good luck for the coming year.
Enjoy special Chinese New Year food: order a whole chicken or try dumplings at top restaurants in Chinatown
Buy something red: To bring luck to your year, Chinese tradition dictates that you should buy something red for yourself or your house.
Ensure good luck: In Chinese culture, to “climb high and gaze far” on New Year’s Day or the following day brings good luck in business, career, study and fortune. Take a trip on the Emirates Air Line cable car, head up to The View from The Shard or see the sights from the London Eye.
How to get to the Chinese New Year event
There is no organized Chinese New Year event in London in 2022 because of the epidemic, but the area around Chinatown may still become busy during the celebrations. Plan your route in advance using Transport for London’s Journey Planner.
21. Where can you usually see the Chinese New Year celebrations in London?
A. In the London Eye. B. In the View from The Shard.
C. In the West End. D. On the Emirates Air Line.
22. Which of the following disagrees with the tips given in the passage?
A. To enjoy live music. B. To wear warm clothes.
C. To buy some red decorations. D. To climb high and gaze far.
23. Why is this year’s parade canceled?
A. It’s not allowed by the government. B. The serious epidemic is still not over.
C. London is suffering freezing cold weather. D. CNY London makes the online celebrations popular.
【答案】 CA B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2022年中国新年在伦敦的活动计划以及庆祝中国新年的建议。
21. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Usually, every year, hundreds of thousands of people pour into the West End to enjoy a colourful parade, free stage performances, dragon or lion dancing and traditional Chinese food.(通常，每年都有成千上万的人涌入伦敦西区，观看五彩缤纷的游行、免费的舞台表演、舞龙舞狮和传统的中国美食)”可知，在伦敦，你通常可以在伦敦西区看到中国新年的庆祝活动。故选C。
22. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Wrap up warm: celebrations take place in February when the weather can be cold.(穿暖和些：庆祝活动在二月举行，那时天气可能会很冷)”；第七段“Dress in red: Red is the key colour of Chinese New Year. You can dress up with a red scarf, jumper or shoes—this will bring good luck for the coming year.(穿红色衣服：红色是中国新年的主色。你可以戴上红领巾、套头衫或鞋子，这将为来年带来好运)”以及倒数第二段“Ensure good luck: In Chinese culture, to “climb high and gaze far” on New Year’s Day or the following day brings good luck in business, career, study and fortune. Take a trip on the Emirates Air Line cable car, head up to The View from The Shard or see the sights from the London Eye.(确保好运：在中国文化中，元旦或翌日“登高望远”会给生意、事业、学习和财富带来好运。乘坐阿联酋航空公司的缆车，前往碎片大厦的景观，或从伦敦眼欣赏美景)”可知，A选项“欣赏现场音乐”与文章中给出的提示不一致。故选A。
23. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There is no organized Chinese New Year event in London in 2022 because of the epidemic, but the area around Chinatown may still become busy during the celebrations.(由于疫情的影响，2022年伦敦没有组织中国新年活动，但中国城周边地区可能仍会在庆祝活动期间变得繁忙)”可知，今年的游行被取消了是因为这种严重的流行病还没有结束。故选B。
B
One of the greatest mysteries in science is just how Earth went from a planet with minimal oxygen to the breathable air we have now. Scientists long figured that cyanobacteria (蓝细菌) were involved, but couldn’t tell what started the great oxygen-producing cycle.
A new study published in Monday’s Nature Geoscience may provide the key. It theorizes that Earth’s gradually lengthened day from six hours to the current 24 hours kick-starts cyanobacteria into producing lots of oxygen, making most of life as we know it possible. Here are the takeaways of the study.
About 2. 4 billion years ago, there was so little oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere that it could barely be measured, so no animal or plant could live. Instead, lots of bacteria breathed in CO2, and in the case of cyanobacteria, produced oxygen in the earliest form of photosynthesis (光合作用).
At first it wasn’t much. But in about 400 million years, as Earth’s rotation (旋转) gradually slowed down and the day was lengthened from six hours to the present 24 hours, the cyanobacteria breathed more and more oxygen into Earth’s atmosphere until it reached one-tenth the amount of oxygen we have now. The increased oxygen allowed plants to join in the oxygen-making party.
The authors of the study put their theory to test with the bacteria found on a 24-meter-deep seabed in Lake Huron. They exposed the smelly bacteria, which are very similar to the cyanobacteria living around 2. 4 billion years ago, to varying amounts of light, and found that the more continuous light the bacteria got, the more oxygen they produced.
“What makes the idea so convincing is that it doesn’t require any big biological changes in bacteria or the world’s oceans,” said Tim Lyons, a professor at the University of California, Riverside, who wasn’t part of the research team. “This may be a simple but plausible explanation for Earth’s oxygen increase.”
24. What started the oxygen-producing cycle according to the new study?
A. Earth’s faster rotation. B. The lengthened daytime.
C. The bacteria in Lake Huron. D. The appearance of plants on Earth.
25. What is the main purpose of the experiment?
A. To protect the cyanobacteria. B. To study the similarities of the bacteria.
C. To provide evidence for the theory. D. To improve the oxygen level on seabed.
26. What does the underlined word “plausible” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Reasonable. B. Sincere. C. Complex. D. Unacceptable.
27. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Rotation of Earth Is Slowing Down
B. Cyanobacteria’s Role Has to Be Re-examined
C. A Breakthrough Is Achieved in Ocean Protection
D. Earth’s Slowing Rotation Increased Oxygen Production
【答案】BCAD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个最新研究成果：是什么导致了地球大气层中的氧气含量大幅提高。
24. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“It theorizes that Earth’s gradually lengthened day from six hours to the current 24 hours kick-starts cyanobacteria into producing lots of oxygen, making most of life as we know it possible. (该理论认为，地球一天的时间逐渐从6小时延长到现在的24小时，蓝藻细菌开始产生大量的氧气，使我们所知道的大部分生命成为可能)”可知，是延长了的日照时间导致了地球大气层中的氧气含量大幅提升。故选B。
25. 细节理解题。根据第五段的“The authors of the study put their theory to test with the bacteria found on a 24-meter-deep seabed in Lake Huron. (该研究的作者用在休伦湖24米深的海床上发现的细菌来验证他们的理论)”可知，实验目的在于验证他们的理论。故选C。
26. 词义猜测题。根据画线词前文“What makes the idea so convincing is that it doesn’t require any big biological changes in bacteria or the world’s oceans (这个想法之所以如此令人信服，是因为它不需要在细菌或世界海洋中发生任何重大的生物变化)”推测，plausible与convincing是同义词，即“有说服力的，合理的”。A. Reasonable.合理的；B. Sincere. 真诚的；C. Complex. 复杂的；D. Unacceptable.不可接受的。故选A。
27. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“But in about 400 million years, as Earth’s rotation (旋转) gradually slowed down and the day was lengthened from six hours to the present 24 hours, the cyanobacteria breathed more and more oxygen into Earth's atmosphere until it reached one-tenth the amount of oxygen we have now. (但在大约4亿年的时间里，随着地球的自转速度逐渐减慢，一天的时间从6小时延长到现在的24小时，蓝藻向地球大气中注入了越来越多的氧气，直到它达到了我们现在所拥有的氧气量的十分之一)”可知，是地球转速变慢导致了地球大气层中的氧气含量大幅增加。故D项“地球缓慢的自转增加了氧气的产生”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选D。
C
With his study going, Brian Wisenden might be the envy of the world: watching baby fish swimming freely through the clear waters of tropical dry forest in the Costa Rica. By recording their growth and numbers, he hoped to look at their risks of being eaten. Instead, he witnessed something strange. Many groups were increasing in numbers. In these groups, some were smaller than others, suggesting they weren’t siblings. Wisenden had accidentally discovered that the fish, called convict cichlids, adopt each other’s babies. Why would they do that, he wondered?
In the human world, we think of adoption as a selfless act. But in nature, its presence is puzzling. Taking on the burden of bringing up babies with no genetic link would seem to reduce an animal’s chance of survival or at least provide no gain. Yet, adoption is surprisingly common in the natural world.
Take the eastern grey kangaroo. Between 2008 and 2013, Wisenden followed the fates of 326 baby kangaroos in the Wilsons Promontory National Park in Victoria and recorded 11 cases of pouch (育儿袋) swapping. The circumstances behind some of these adoptions aren’t known, but four were straight swaps and another four occurred after a mother had lost her own baby. How come? Before independence, baby kangaroos go through a period inside and outside their mother’s pouch. Following out-of-pouch attempts, mothers normally sniff (嗅) their young before allowing them back in, but Wisenden’s team suspect that during an emergency they may omit the sniff test, allowing a weak baby to quickly climb in before fleeing from danger.
Some of nature’s adoptions are, actually, driven by young. In burrower bugs (土蝽), for example, females lay a nest of eggs close to those of unrelated bugs. Mother bugs tend their developing eggs before they hatch, and then feed their babies nuts from weedy mint plants. Finding nuts is a competitive business, so not every mother bug gets her fair share. And if the delivery rate isn’t up to standard, clever young may abandon their mothers to join a better-fed group.
The consequences of adoption following mistaken identity can be horrible. The true babies of adopting mothers were abandoned. But it can have remarkable benefits, not just for adoptees but also for adoptive parents.
28. What can we learn about Wisenden’s research about baby fish?
A. It found a new way to protect forests. B. It showed a genetic similarity in fish.
C. It put many rare species at risk. D. It was beyond his expectations.
29. What does the underlined word “omit” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Repeat. B. Skip. C. Follow. D. Take.
30. Why would some burrower bugs abandon their mothers?
A. To seek for better parenting. B. To live in warmer nests.
C. To adapt to competition earlier. D. To reproduce.
31. What may the author most probably talk about next?
A. The processes of accidental adoption. B. The drawbacks of accidental adoption.
C. The advantages of accidental adoption. D. The causes of accidental adoption.
【答案】DBAC
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是动物界中的收养行为出奇地普遍，并分析了原因。
28. 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Instead, he witnessed something strange. Many groups were increasing in numbers. In these groups, some were smaller than others, suggesting they weren’t siblings.(相反，他目睹了一些奇怪的事情。许多团体的人数在增加。在这些群体中，有些的体型比其他小，这表明他们不是兄弟姐妹。)”可知，Wisenden关于幼鱼的研究，我们可以了解到他发现群体中有的鱼体型比其他的小，所以这是很奇怪的，这出乎他的意料。故选D。
29. 词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Following out-of-pouch attempts, mothers normally sniff (嗅) their young before allowing them back in(在尝试离开育儿袋之后，妈妈通常会在让它们回来之前闻一闻它们的幼崽)”，“during an emergency(在紧急情况下)”和“allowing a weak baby to quickly climb in before fleeing from danger(让一个虚弱的幼崽快速爬进去，然后逃离危险)”可知，妈妈经常在让他们回来前闻一闻它们，但是在紧急情况下，为了让幼崽快速逃离危险，她们可能会跳过闻幼崽那个动作，因此划线词omit的意思是“跳过”，和skip意思相近，故选B。
30. 推理判断题。根据第四段的“And if the delivery rate isn’t up to standard, clever young may abandon their mothers to join a better-fed group.(如果分娩率达不到标准，聪明的年轻昆虫可能会抛弃它们的母亲，加入一个营养更好的群体。)”可知，一些穴居昆虫会抛弃它们的母亲去寻找更好的养育，故选A。
31. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But it can have remarkable benefits, not just for adoptees but also for adoptive parents.(但它可以带来显著的好处，不仅对被收养者，对养父母也是如此。)”可推断出，下文可能会讲述偶然收养的好处。故选C。
D
On September 29, 2021, the US Fish and Wildlife Service declared it would be removing 23 species from its Endangered Species Act, including the ivory-billed woodpecker, various Hawaiian birds and freshwater fish, not because they had pulled back from the edge of extinction, but because the USFWS believed these species would never recover, and were most likely extinct, therefore not requiring protection.
In April, 195 countries are getting together in China for a UN conference to discuss global agreements to protect nature and biodiversity, with the hope of finalizing an agreement to safeguard plants, animals, and ecosystems. However, the new strain(毒株)of Covid-19, Omicron, has potentially thrown the plans into a mess, and negotiators may switch to online talks if travel restrictions to China are put in place again.
“We can't go another four months without any progress” said Georgina Chandler, senior international policy officer at the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. Conservationists are urging the talks to go ahead - online if necessary - as the biodiversity crisis shows no sign of slowing up.
“Nature loss has not gone away and threatens both human lives and the global economy,” said Lin Li, director of global policy at the organization. “With one million species currently in danger of extinction, delaying action is not an option.”
Improving conservation and management of natural areas, such as oceans, forests, and wildernesses is crucial to safeguarding the ecosystems on which humans depend. However, forests are still being devastated, often for farming or commercial use. As trees absorb about a third of planet-warming emissions produced worldwide, stopping deforestation is key. At COP26 in Glasgow last November, world leaders plan to invest $19 billion in public and private funds to protect and restore global forests.
It’s easy to feel disheartened by the disappointing news, but the only way to stop more species suffering the same fate is to pay attention and take actions.
32. Why would the 23 species be removed from the Act?
A. Because they are less endangered.
B. Because they have already died out.
C. Because more fund is in need to protect them.
D. Because nothing can save them from extinction.
33. What do Georgina Chandler and Lin Li urge to do?
A. Take immediate actions.
B. Put off the conference.
C. Have online talks.
D. Improve global economy.
34. What does the underlined word “devastated” mean in the fifth paragraph?
A. Abandoned. B. Destroyed. C. Rearranged. D. Disturbed.
35. What does the author intend to do by writing the text?
A. To explain why some species have disappeared.
B. To recommend ways to protect and restore forests.
C. To describe the present situation of global ecosystem.
D. To call for attention and action against biodiversity crisis.
【答案】 DABD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了全球自然遭到了破坏，导致全球生物多样性危机。而如果想要阻止更多物种遭受同样的命运，只有人类采取共同行动。
32. 细节理解题。根据第一段“not because they had pulled back from the edge of extinction, but because the USFWS believed these species would never recover, and were most likely extinct, therefore not requiring protection.(不是因为它们从灭绝的边缘拉了回来，而是因为USFWS认为这些物种永远不会恢复，而且很可能已经灭绝，因此不需要保护。)”可知，它们被从名单上除是因为这些物种可能已经灭绝，永远不会恢复，也就是什么都不能阻止它们灭绝。故选D。
33. 推理判断题。根据第三段““We can't go another four months without any progress” said Georgina Chandler, senior international policy officer at the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.(英国皇家鸟类保护协会高级国际政策官员Georgina Chandler说：“我们不能再继续4个月没有任何进展。”)”以及第四段Lin Li所说的““With one million species currently in danger of extinction, delaying action is not an option.”(“目前有100万个物种濒临灭绝，拖延行动是不可能的。”)”可推断，这两个人都希望尽快采取行动。故选A。
34. 词句猜测题。根据上一句“Improving conservation and management of natural areas, such as oceans, forests, and wildernesses is crucial to safeguarding the ecosystems on which humans depend.(改善海洋、森林和荒野等自然区域的保护和管理，对于保护人类赖以生存的生态系统至关重要。)”可知，保护森林对我们人类很重要。本句中的however，则表明情况并非如此，也就说森林还在被破坏。所以devastated为“破坏”之意。故选B。
35. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s easy to feel disheartened by the disappointing news, but the only way to stop more species suffering the same fate is to pay attention and take actions.(令人失望的消息很容易让人感到沮丧，但阻止更多物种遭受同样命运的唯一方法是关注并采取行动。)”可推断，作者写这篇文章，主要是为了呼吁人们重视并采取行动来解决全球生物多样性危机。故选D。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Good sportsmanship is one of the most important lessons that your kids can learn from competition. But how do you teach your kids good sportsmanship? Here are some tips.
Set a good example. The first role model that your kids will have in games is you. What behavior you model will have the biggest influence on your kids.____36____ By doing so, your kids will learn from you unconsciously and gain more popularity.
____37____The coach is always looking for the best decision for the good of the whole team.____38____Your kids may feel upset at first. But showing good sportsmanship means placing the team's needs above their own, so you should teach your kids to trust the coach’s judgement.
Remember you are the parent, not the coach. Your job as a parent is different from a job as a coach. As a parent, you are there to guide all of your kids' experiences and not focus on demanding performance. However, if you see a coach demanding too much, speak up. ____39____
Maintain a good attitude to both winning and losing. Good sportsmanship also requires a positive attitude to both the victory and the defeat. Pushing your kids too hard may drive them to quit.____40____ It's also a good idea to find positive plays to talk about and discuss lessons to be learned after.
A. Teach your kids to put teams first.
B. Tell your kids to listen to the coach.
C. However, finding a good role model is not an easy job.
D. After all, you are also an advocate for your kids if needed.
E. This means the role of your kids may be reduced or changed.
F. You need to be nice to all people on the court, even the opponents.
G. Instead, whatever the results are, always tell them you are proud of them.
【答案】FBEDG
【解析】这是一篇说明文。良好的体育精神是你的孩子可以从竞争中学到的最重要的课程之一。 文章主要就如何教会你的孩子拥有良好的体育精神提出了一些建议。   
36. 根据上文“Set a good example. The first role model that your kids will have in games is you. What behavior you model will have the biggest influence on your kids.(树立一个好榜样。你的孩子在游戏中的第一个榜样就是你自己。你所模仿的行为将对你的孩子产生最大的影响)”以及后文“By doing so, your kids will learn from you unconsciously and gain more popularity.(通过这样做，你的孩子会在不知不觉中向你学习，并获得更多的人气)”可知，上文提到了榜样作用对孩子的影响，推测本句是在说明具体怎么做：对球场上的所有人友善，甚至是对手，与后文获得人气相呼应。F选项“你需要对球场上的所有人友善，甚至是对手”符合语境，故选F。
37. 根据后文“The coach is always looking for the best decision for the good of the whole team.(教练总是在寻找对全队有利的最佳决策)”可知，后文提到了教练的作用，可见要听教练的话，B选项中coach对应后文中coach。B选项“告诉你的孩子听教练的话”符合语境，故选B。
38. 根据上文“The coach is always looking for the best decision for the good of the whole team.(教练总是在寻找对全队有利的最佳决策)”以及后文“Your kids may feel upset at first.(你的孩子一开始可能会感到不安)”可知，后文提到了孩子一开始感到不安，可见本句是在说明教练采取了对孩子不利的决策，E选项“这意味着你的孩子的角色可能会减少或改变”符合语境，故选E。
39. 根据上文“Remember you are the parent, not the coach. Your job as a parent is different from a job as a coach. As a parent, you are there to guide all of your kids' experiences and not focus on demanding performance. However, if you see a coach demanding too much, speak up.(记住，你是家长，而不是教练。你作为父母的工作与作为教练的工作是不同的。作为一名家长，你要引导孩子的所有经历，而不是关注苛刻的表现。然而，如果你看到教练要求太多，那就大声说出来)”可知，上文提到如果看到教练有太多要求，要大声说出来，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明原因：你也是你孩子的支持者。D选项“毕竟，如果需要的话，你也是你孩子的支持者”符合语境，故选D。
40. 根据上文“Maintain a good attitude to both winning and losing. Good sportsmanship also requires a positive attitude to both the victory and the defeat. Pushing your kids too hard may drive them to quit.(无论输赢，都要保持良好的心态。良好的体育精神也需要对胜利和失败都有积极的态度。把你的孩子逼得太紧可能会让他们放弃)”可知，上文强调了良好的体育精神也需要对胜利和失败都有积极的态度，把你的孩子逼得太紧可能会让他们放弃，本句与上文构成转折，指出不能太过强调输赢的结果，重在支持孩子，G选项“相反，无论结果如何，总是告诉他们你为他们感到骄傲”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After the publication of my first two books, I sent my publisher Summer of the Wolves. I'd written it with great passion, filled with ____41____. But the publisher ____42____ it. I sent it to two or three other publishers. The ____43____ results!
I thought this novel must be really bad and cried for three days. I ____44____ the novel. But I couldn't stop ____45____ . In a few years, I focused on my skills and ____46____ a few more with agencies.
One day, a ____47____ asked, “Do you have anything else?" And yes, I did- -Summer of the Wolves. “Send it to me," she said. So I did. A few weeks later, she ____48____ my rewriting it in first person.
It had been written in two voices in third person. Therefore, that was a(n) ____49____ amount of work to me. But I was willing to take the ____50____. Two months later, she ____51____ me when it was published and asked me to write another one. I couldn't believe ____52____ was knocking at my door.
I am not a great talent, but I am a ____53____ worker. I've published 11 novels but written 15. Will those other four ever ____54____ the light of day? I hope so. I keep working and never give up. It is a ____55____ not a short race.
41. A. strength B. confidence C. imagination D. gratitude
42. A. admired B. delayed C. accepted D. rejected
43. A. normal B. desired C. same D. satisfying
44. A. cut out B. burnt up C. tore apart D. put away
45. A. thinking B. crying C. writing D. complaining
46. A. translated B. released C. edited D. revised
47. A. publisher B. follower C. reporter D. reader
48. A. excused B. allowed C. suggested D. appreciated
49. A. proper B. exact C. small D. fair
50. A. challenge B. reality C. risk D. credit
51. A. comforted B. congratulated C. instructed D. bothered
52. A. success B. wealth C. fame D. courage
53. A. clever B. hard C. fast D. strict
54. A. feel B. reflect C. see D. absorb
55. A. marathon B. lesson C. competition D. transformation
【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者在稿子接连被拒后没有放弃，继续坚持写作，最后在一位出版商的建议下修改稿子最终成功出版的故事。
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我满怀激情，充满信心地写了它。A. strength力量；B. confidence自信；C. imagination想像；D. gratitude感谢。根据前文中“with great passion”可知，作者在写新书时怀着很大的热情，因此投稿时也十分自信，故选B。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但出版商拒绝了。A. admired羡慕；B. delayed（使）延期；C. accepted接受；D. rejected拒绝。 由But可知，和前文作者信心满满地投稿形成转折关系，推测作者的稿子被拒绝了，reject符合题意，故选D。
43. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把它寄给了另外两三家出版商。同样的结果！A. normal正常的；B. desired期望得到的；C. same一样的；D. satisfying令人满意的。根据上文“ I sent it to two or three other publishers. ”和results后的感叹号可知，作者接连投稿两三家出版社，都得到一样的结果（被拒绝），故选C。
44. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我把小说收了起来。A. cut out切断；B. burnt up烧毁；C. tore apart撕碎；D. put away放置暂时不用。根据下文“ But I couldn’t stop____”可知，作者是把小说收起来了，但是并没有停止写作。故选D。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我没有停止写作。A. thinking认为；B. crying哭泣；C. writing写作；D. complaining抱怨。根据下文“In a few years, I focused on my skills and _____a few more with agencies.”可知，几年后，我专注于自己的技能，所以作者没有停止写作。故选C。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我专注于自己的技能，并与代理商一起又发行了一些作品。A. translated翻译；B. released发行；C. edited编辑；D. revised修正。根据上文“After the publication of my first two books”可知，作者出版了两部书，是位作家，因此推断此处表示与代理机构一起又发行了几部作品。作故选B。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，一位出版商问：“你还有别的吗？”是的，我有——《狼的夏天》。A. publisher出版商；B. follower追随者；C. reporter记者；D. reader读者。根上文“ I sent my publisher Summer of the Wolves.”可知，出版商在询问作者。故选A。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，她建议我用第一人称重写。A. excused赦免；B. allowed允许；C. suggested建议；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“It had been written in two voices in third person.”可知，作者原本是用第三人称写的，现在出版商建议作者改用第一人称来重写稿子，故选C。
49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，这对我来说是相当大的工作量。A. proper合适的；B. exact确切的；C. small小型的；D. fair（数量、大小）相当大的。 根据下文“It had been written in two voices in third person. ”可知，作者原本是用第三人称写的，由于要全文修改人称，对作者来说这是相当大的工作量，fair可构成搭配a fair amount of“相当数量的……”。故选D。
50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我愿意接受挑战。A. challenge挑战；B. reality真实；C. risk危险；D. credit信用。根据前文的“It had been written in two voices in third person. Therefore, that was a(n) 　　　amount of work to me. ”可知，作者虽然觉得工作量大，但还是决定接受挑战，固定搭配take the challenge“接受挑战”，故选A。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当这本书出版时，她向我表示祝贺，并请我再写一本。A. comforted安慰；B. congratulated祝贺；C. instructed指示；D. bothered费心。根据下文“when it was published and asked me to write another one”可知，两个月后作者的稿子被出版了，出版商祝贺作者，故选B。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信成功在敲我的门。A. success成功；B. wealth财富；C. fame名誉；D. courage勇气。根据上文“Two months later, she_11___ me when it was published and asked me to write another one. ”可知，作者的书成功发行，即获得了成功。故选A。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不是一个很有天赋的人，但我很努力。A. clever聪明的；B. hard努力的；C. fast快的；D. strict严厉的。根据上文“I am not a great talent”（我不是一个很有天赋的人）再结合转折连词but以及下文的“I've published 11 novels but written 15.”可知，作者虽然没天赋但是很努力。故选B。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他四本人能见到光明吗？A. feel感受到；B. reflect反射；C. see看见；D. absorb吸收。由上文“I’ve published 11 novels but written 15. ”可知作者共写了15本书，出版了11本，因此还有4本没能得见天日，see the light of day表示这一含义，故选C。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坚持工作，永不放弃。这是一场马拉松，不是短跑。A. marathon马拉松赛跑；B. lesson一节课；C. competition竞争；D. transformation变化。根据下文“ a short race”可知，与短跑对应的应是马拉松。结尾用一个比喻来表达勤奋坚持的重要性，写作正如马拉松一样需要坚持，故选A。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China Consumers Association has criticized KFC, a ___56___（lead）chicken fast-food chain, for using a limited number of blind box sales to lure customers to over-purchase its food and cause food waste.
The association said on its website on Wednesday that such marketing can lead to impulsive and excessive consumption to obtain the limited edition blind boxes, ___57___ is “against public order and the spirit of the law”.
The article ___58___（post）after KFC China collaborated with top domestic blind box toymaker Pop Mart to offer 260, 000 dolls with its 99 yuan（$15.60）family-sized chicken bucket from Jan 4. The doll set features seven models of Dimoo, ___59___ popular character created by Pop Mart，with one irregular model and six regular ___60___, meaning customers have to pay at least 594 yuan to collect a complete set.
KFC's fast food should be consumed in time and purchased on demand, the association said. The Anti-Food Waste Law ___61___（adopt）in April clearly demands that food operators should resist food waste, prompt customers to consume moderately and take measures to prevent waste rather than ___62___（attract）them to purchase excessively, it said.
The association also said that customers should consume ___63___（science）and rationally and resist undesirable consumption ___64___ （behave）.
Neither Pop Mart nor KFC China responded to requests for comment. KFC customer service said the dolls are still ____65____ sale and customers can consult local outlets for details.
【答案】56. leading
57. which
58. was posted
59. a
60. ones
61. adopted
62. attract
63. scientifically
64. behaviors/behaviours
65. on
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。中国消费者协会批评肯德基利用有限数量的盲盒销售来吸引消费者过度购买其食品，造成食品浪费。鼓励消费者适度消费，并采取措施防止浪费。
56. 考查形容词。句意：中国消费者协会批评了肯德基，这是一家领先的鸡肉快餐连锁店。chicken fast-food chain为名词，需要用形容词来修饰，leading意为“领先的”。故填leading。
57. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这种营销会导致冲动和过度消费，以获得限量版盲盒，这是“违反公共秩序和法律精神的”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面一整句话，所以用which引导。故填which。
58. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这篇文章是在肯德基中国与国内顶级盲盒玩具制造商Pop-Mart合作，并且从1月4日起，用99元（15.60美元）家庭大小的鸡肉桶提供26万个娃娃后发布的。文章和发布之间是被动关系，又根据“collaborated”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，主语The article是单数，注意主谓一致。故填was posted。
59. 考查冠词。句意：这套玩偶有七个迪莫模型，迪莫是Pop Mart创造的一个受欢迎的角色，有一个不规则模型和六个规则模型。此处为Dimoo的补充说明，character为可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a，表泛指。故填a。
60. 考查代词。句意：这套玩偶有七个迪莫模型，迪莫是Pop Mart创造的一个受欢迎的角色，有一个不规则模型和六个规则模型。空处指代前面出现过的models，models为名词复数，所以用代词ones。故填ones。
61. 考查非谓语动词。句意：4月通过的《反食物浪费法》明确要求食品经营者抵制食物浪费，鼓励消费者合理消费并且采取措施防止浪费，而不是吸引他们过度购买。demand为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，adopt和逻辑主语law之间为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填adopted。
62. 考查固定句型。句意：4月通过的《反食物浪费法》明确要求食品经营者抵制食物浪费，鼓励消费者合理消费并且采取措施防止浪费，而不是吸引他们过度购买。rather than连接两个动词不定式时，后面一个不定式可省略to。故填attract。
63. 考查副词。句意：该协会还表示，消费者应该科学合理地消费，抵制不良消费行为。空处修饰动词consume，需用副词形式。故填scientifically。
64. 考查名词。句意：该协会还表示，消费者应该科学合理地消费，抵制不良消费行为。空处为resist的宾语，需用名词形式behavior或behaviour，可数名词，此处表示复数。故填behaviors或behaviours。
65. 考查介词短语。句意：肯德基客户服务部表示，这些玩偶仍在销售中，顾客可以咨询当地商店了解详情。短语on sale意为“出售，上市”。故填on。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，上周末你参加了学校组织的志愿者活动，你的任务是担任交通引导员（traffic guide）。请你给英国好友Christ写一封邮件介绍此次活动，内容主要包括：
1. 活动的目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 你的体会。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Christ,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】         
 Dear Christ,
I am writing to tell you an activity organized by our school last weekend. With the aim of raising people's awareness of the potential danger when they cross the road, our school sent us to direct the pedestrians to follow the traffic signals, help elder people cross roads, and stop young people breaking traffic rules.
        By the end of the day, we were exhausted but what made us happy was that people started to understand the significance of observing traffic rules.
        I hope I can take part in more activities like this as our small acts can actually make a big difference.
                                                         Yours
                                                         LiHua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My wife, our two kids under 4 and I were in the post office a few weeks ago. We have to go there every month to pay various fees. I was being served when an old man in his eighties, with obvious, significant health issues, was waiting to pay his electricity bill. He was struggling to walk on a walking stick, and his hands and arms were shaking all the time. I knew by feeling that the old man was in trouble. After asking, I figured out that the old man's problem was that he was 20 cents short.
The lady behind the counter had the old man in such a state, looking for a further 20 cents, and he was shaking, obviously looking upset. But instead of letting the man go, she insisted that if his bill wasn't going to be paid in full, the electricity company would probably give a fine on his next bill for unpaid fees.
Hearing this, I got really upset. So I went over and asked the lady behind the counter to give ALL of his money back to the old man and I handed her my debit card and paid the bill for him.
The old man was asking “why are you doing this?” as he began crying. I told him because it was the right thing to do. He thanked me over and over and smiled at my two kids on his way out of the post office.
The best part of this event was that the old man walked out of the post office and straight to Woolies and bought a full basket of food, which he wouldn't have been able to buy had I not done that at the post office.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It happened that we met this old man again in our community.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Our family decided to help improve the old man's situation.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
It happened that we met this old man again in our community. Both the old man and my family were very surprised. After a short chat with him, we found out that the old man lived in an apartment near our building. His children all worked far away out of town and they seldom came hack to see him except holidays. Unfortunately, the old man’s wife passed away last year, and he had lived alone since then. We felt really sorry for him.
Our family decided to help improve the old man’s situation. We visited him regularly and spared time to accompany him. At the same time, we did all kinds of housework for him. We helped him with washing, cooking, cleaning and so on. We often bought vegetables, fruits and food for him because he was unable to go out easily. Besides, we went to the post office to pay his bills for him. He didn’t have to stand in line to pay his electricity bill in person! Seeing him live a easier life, we had a sense of achievement.