押全国乙卷第24--27题：阅读理解B篇记叙文-备战2022年高考英语临考题号押题（全国乙卷）

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押全国卷（乙卷）第24—27题
阅读理解B篇记叙文

全面探究高考英语阅读理解
选材原则
文章出处: 英文原版书籍 , 英文刊物国外网站等
语篇类型: 应用文与说明文必考,记叙文次之议论文考查较少
主题语境: 人与自我,人与社会,人与自然
常考题型:
细节理解,题推理判断题,词句猜测题,主旨大意题,文章结构题,
能力要求:
理解文中具体信息，根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义，作出判断和推理,理解文章的基本结构，理解主旨要义，理解作者的意图、观点和态度
命题顺序：题目顺序按文章发展顺序设置，主旨大意往往在文章的开头或结尾。
设题位置：
1.段首段尾处：体现主旨，命题重点区域
2.因果关系处：标志词∶so，thus，therefore， because等
3.过渡转折处: 标志词∶however，on the contrary, by contrast, actually等
4.汉语提示处: 给出汉语词义的地方说明这个生词需要了解
5. 结论建议处: 出现the research indicates、the report suggests等时，注意是否考查结论或结果
6. 观点态度处: 注意表达作者或者文中涉及的人物的观点或态度的词,注意带感情色彩的特殊句式（祈使句、感叹句、反问句等）
7. 特殊标点处:
括号∶解释或强调括号内的内容冒号解释或总结前面的内容
破折号:解释、说明或补充前面的内容
冒号：解释或总结前面的内容
8.举例说明处: 标志词∶for example，such as，like等举例说明处设题位置
选项规则:
正确选项的特点: 与原文观点和主旨一致同义替换、正话反说、反话正说概括性强但不含绝对概念（如only， never， all等）。
错误选项的特点：张冠李戴，无中生有，偷梁换柱，以偏概全，颠倒是非。
答题策略：
了解主旨大意，理清文章结构，抓住题干中的关键词，找到文中与其相匹配的内容，对比分析文中描述与所给选项的异同，根据字里行间的隐含意义推测出作者的意图。

考试中，如何快速阅读文章？
突破“障碍”，破译“难懂”处
词汇障碍——运用“2策略”：一般来说，在阅读文章时，总会碰到一些自己不认识的词，且高考文章中允许出现一定数量的超出《普通高中英语课程标准》所需求掌握的词汇。再者，词义猜测题也是高考题型之一。正确处理阅读中遇到的生词，掌握一定的猜测生词词义的技巧，对于理解文章及答题都非常重要，对于生词一般有如下两种策略：
策略(一)　无关紧要的词汇——“跳过去”
在语篇文章设题时，并不是所有的生词都是出题点。在阅读中，当遇到一个生词时，不妨先问问自己：这个生词有没有进行精确猜测的必要。高考试题中经常会出现没必要去精确猜测的生词，不知道它的精确含义也不会影响对基本句意的理解。在考试中，有10%的生词都不会干扰考生做题，所以，平时考生要练习对生词的容忍度和处理生词的技巧，否则，临场时考生会因焦虑而影响做题速度和准度。对于这类词，不要过多纠缠，尽管放心大胆地“跳过去”。
1．一起出现的几个首字母大写的单词：它可能是个专有名词，不需要知道其意思，只需要知道它是某个事物的名称即可；
2．斜体的单词：它可能是某本书、某本杂志、某部电影的名称或某个专业术语，不需要了解它的意思，只需要知道它代表什么事物即可。
[典例]
[分析]
[2021·全国新高考卷Ⅰ阅读 C]About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.
考生在阅读过程中对于一起出现的“the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund, the National Wildlife Refuge System”大写字母单词，不要过多纠缠，尽管放心大胆地“跳过去”，它是专有名词，不需要深究其含义，知道它是某个事物的名称即可。
策略(二)　影响阅读的词汇——“猜出来”
有时候，一些生词对阅读来说存在很大的障碍，对上下文的理解至关重要，我们必须知道这些词的精确含义。
1．如果是专有名词，并且对文章理解有关键作用，那么原文中，会用“同位语＋定语从句”的方式进行解释或说明。
2．如果是非专有名词，根据上下文，并且结合常识进行推测。
长难句障碍—运用“4法宝”：阅读理解得分低，主要是因为文章看不懂，句子太长或者句子结构复杂，句子除了主干之外还包含了一些附加部分，如插入语、同位语、分隔现象、各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语等。下面介绍的是运用“4招法宝”处理英语阅读长难句的方法。
法宝1　寻谓语，找主干
一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者(主语)，我们可以根据谓语动词来确定其主语。而且，如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句可能是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。
[典例]
[分析]
[2021·全国乙卷阅读D]The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus.
寻谓语
本句的谓语为：may interrupt
找主干
主语为The right level of background noise；本句的主干为：The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking。
析成分
句中的just enough修饰interrupt, to allow our imaginations to wander是不定式短语作结果状语；without making it impossible to focus是介词短语作结果状语。
句意
适度的背景噪音可能会打断我们正常的思维模式，其程度正好足以使我们展开想象力，但又不至于使我们无法集中注意力。
法宝2　提主干，去枝叶
一般情况下，一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从句、状语或定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来，就不能完全把握句子的核心意义，从而导致思维混乱，主次不分。
[典例]
[分析]
[2021·全国甲卷阅读C]Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.
提主干
本句的主干为：Southbank is the center of British skateboarding
去枝叶
at...Thames为地点状语，表明Southbank的具体位置。where...ringing为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词center，where在从句中作地点状语。
句意
泰晤士河东边弯道处的南岸区，是英国滑板运动中心，那儿滑板不停的碰撞声会把你的脑袋震得嗡嗡作响。
法宝3　寻关联，辨逻辑
一些长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句，它们之间需要一些关联词来连接。如果找准这些关联词，我们就能够弄清楚句与句之间的逻辑关系，分别弄清楚主句和从句的意义，那么长句就容易理解了。
[典例]
[分析]
[2021·全国乙卷阅读B]That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone.
提主干
本句的主干为：the only people are our Baby Boomers
寻关联，辨逻辑
who引导定语从句修饰主语the only people; to the point 是介词短语作状语，where...the phone是由where引导的定语从句，修饰point，此定语从句中又包含由who引导的宾语从句(who is calling)，作guess的宾语。
句意
即便如此，老实说，唯一给家里座机打电话的人是婴儿潮时期出生的父母们，以至于我们在接电话前会玩一个游戏，猜猜是谁打来的。
法宝4　看搭配，防分隔
有时一个长句或难句是由一个或多个搭配构成，而且这些搭配常常出现分隔现象。考生若受分隔现象的干扰而看不清句子的本来面目，则会对句意的理解发生偏差。
[典例]
[分析]
[2020·全国卷Ⅰ完形]Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won't hesitate to open them and walk through.
提主干
本句的主干为：they won't hesitate to open them and walk through
寻关联，辨逻辑
when they come to other doors in life为时间状语从句
看搭配，防分隔
be they real or metaphorical为插入语，对other doors进行补充说明
句意
当他们遇到生活中的其他门时，无论它们是真实的还是比喻的，他们都会毫不犹豫地打开门走过去。

Passage 1（2021 •全国新高考全国Ⅱ卷•第24—27题）
I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.
24．Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home?
A．To ensure their survival. B．To observe their differences.
C．To teach them life skills. D．To let them play with his kids.
25．What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Behave badly. B．Lose their way. C．Sleep soundly. D．Miss their mom.
26．What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?
A．Boring. B．Tiring. C．Costly. D．Risky.
27．Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo?
A．They frightened the children. B．They became difficult to contain.
C．They annoyed the neighbours. D．They started fighting each other.
Passage 2（2021 •全国甲卷•第28—31题）
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
28．What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?
A．He felt disappointed. B．He gave up his hobby.
C．He liked the weather there. D．He had disagreements with his family.
29．What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?
A．Be careful! B．Well done! C．No way! D．Don't worry!
30．Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?
A．To join the skateboarding. B．To make new friends.
C．To learn more tricks. D．To relive his childhood days
31．What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A．Children should learn a second language.
B．Sport is necessary for children's health.
C．Children need a sense of belonging
D．Seeing the world is a must for children.
Passage 3（2021 •全国新高考全国Ⅱ卷•第28—31题）
A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past twelve years. “I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries."
1．What will Zafirakou do with her prize money?
A．Make a movie. B．Build new schools.
C．Run a project. D．Help local musicians.
2．What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools?
A．It is particularly difficult. B．It increases artists' income.
C．It opens children's mind. D．It deserves greater attention.
3．What should be stressed in school education according to Schama?
A．Moral principles. B．Interpersonal skills.
C．Creative abilities. D．Positive worldviews.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Bring Artists to Schools B．When Historians Meet Artists
C．Arts Education in Britain D．The World's Best Arts Teacher
Passage 4（2020 •全国Ⅱ卷•第28—31题）
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
5．Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?
A．Cooperative. B．Uneasy. C．Inseparable. D．Casual.
6．What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Pleasure from working in the library.
B．Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C．Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D．A closer bond developed with the readers.
7．What does the author call on other writers to do?
A．Sponsor book fairs. B．Write for social media.
C．Support libraries. D．Purchase her novels.
8．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Reading: A Source of Knowledge
B．My Idea about writing
C．Library: A Haven for the Young
D．My Love of the Library

A
[2021·南京、盐城市高三一模]My husband jokes with me that my midlife crisis was having my now 11­year­old daughter in my 40s.
I started my career as Associate Editor at Woman's World magazine in the late 1990s. Then I was a magazine editor­in­chief of five national consumer publications and also contributed to magazines like Longevity and New Woman.
Four years after getting married in 2005, I eventually gave birth to my daughter, Crystal. As I wrote on Parenting. com: “As the doctor checked her vital organs and my husband counted her 10 perfect fingers and toes, I realized that my body had produced a wonder.”
While my peers were dealing with the stresses of kids in school, I focused my creative energy on carving out my new identity. I was excited when I was offered a “Mom's Talk” column where I wrote about toys, breastfeeding, and my ongoing pursuit of“baby­free”time.
When Crystal was 3 years old, I wrote an essay about watching her dance at a toddler (学步的儿童) reading group in the library, instead of sitting down with the other children. I expected her performance to annoy people, but her joyful dancing attracted them and made me consider my own possibilities.
“Had I ever been that way, I wondered. If so, could I be like that again? Could I become as free as a child with her whole life ahead of her, ready and willing to be the star of her own production？”
As my daughter transformed from a toddler into a young girl, she continued to be my inspiration. I wrote about the new rules for babysitting and shared research showing that fathers who participated in housework had a positive impact on their daughter's future success on The Washington Post.
I focused on providing Crystal with resilience­building when she neared her teens. I wrote about powerful phrases on The Week, like “no one is the judge of your self­worth”．
As my daughter continues to grow during this messy time, there is one certainty: I will continue to tell my stories, through my midlife wisdom. I can't wait to see her next chapter — and for you to read mine.
4．How did the author feel when giving birth to her daughter?
A．Frightened. B．Pleased.
C．Puzzled. D．Disappointed.
5．In terms of being a parent, the author differed from her peers in that ________．
A．she had to deal with more stresses from being a mom
B．she left all the babysitting work to her husband
C．she combined the new identity with her career
D．she adopted a creative method of raising her baby
6．What did Crystal's performance in the library make the author think about?
A．Living the same free life as her daughter's.
B．Giving performance in front of a crowd.
C．Her previous life before having the baby.
D．Pure pleasure during “baby­free” time.
7．Why does the author consider Crystal as her inspiration?
A．Crystal has inspired her to take a writing career.
B．She has started writing in the tone of Crystal.
C．Her writing keeps developing as Crystal grows.
D．Many of her stories are centered on her daughter.
B
[2021·南昌市一模]Cecilia Chiang, whose San Francisco restaurant, the Mandarin, introduced American diners in the 1960s to the richness and variety of authentic Chinese cuisine, died on Wednesday at her home in San Francisco.
Ms. Chiang was not a chef, nor was she a likely candidate to run a restaurant. She was born near Shanghai in 1920 as the seventh daughter in a wealthy family. After her parents died, Cecilia managed the businesses' finances while still in her teens.
Ms. Chiang came to the United States from China to flee the Japanese during World War Ⅱ， traveling nearly 700 miles on foot. Once in San Francisco, she met two Chinese acquaintances who wanted to open a restaurant. Ms. Chiang agreed to put up large funds. But when the two women quit, Ms. Chiang found to her horror that the funds were not refundable (可退还的). She took a deep breath and decided to open the restaurant herself. “I began to think that if I could create a restaurant with Western­style service and the dishes that I was most familiar with — the delicious food of China — maybe my little restaurant would succeed，” she wrote in her book.
The Mandarin, which was opened in 1962 as a 65­seat restaurant, introduced customers to mainly Sichuan, Shanghai and Canton dishes. The early days were difficult. But little by little, Chinese diners, and a few Americans, came regularly. Overnight the tables were filled and the restaurant became a huge success.
Ms. Chiang continued to work as a restaurant consultant into her 90s. “I think I changed what average people know about Chinese food，” Ms. Chiang wrote.“They didn't know China was such a big country.”
4．When did Ms. Chiang start to manage the businesses' finances?
A．In the 1920s. B．In the 1930s.
C．In the 1950s. D．In the 1960s.
5．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．When Ms. Chiang came to the US.
B．How Ms. Chiang earned her deposit.
C．What Ms. Chiang wrote in her book.
D．Why Ms. Chiang opened her restaurant.
6．What do we know about The Mandarin?
A．It survived the early hardships.
B．It provided all kinds of Chinese dishes.
C．It could seat less than 60 people at first.
D．It attracted many Americans once opened.
7．Which of the following can best describe Ms. Chiang?
A．Smart but stubborn.
B．Devoted and brave.
C．Adventurous but careless.
D．Enthusiastic and ambitious.
C
[2021·江西省重点中学高三联考]As a children's author, I don't just write books. I build bridges. I carefully construct each of my stories to connect readers to the story itself, to the characters in the story, and to other readers. My goal is to build kids' social­emotional learning skills to help improve healthy relationships and prevent peer cruelty. And since October is National Bullying Prevention Month, this is the perfect time to share with you, dear book lovers, how literature can be used as an effective tool to address hurtful behavior.
What I'm describing here is nothing new. For years, children's literature has been used by advisors, parents, teachers, and librarians to address tough issues kids face in their everyday world. Researchers report that literature, with proper adult guidance and assistance in a safe social setting, can help form viewpoints and empathy (同情) in young readers. And let's face it: the more empathy and compassion kids have in their hearts, the less room there is for arrogance and contempt(蔑视) for others.
I love what Dr. Zipora Shechtman, author of Treating Child and Adolescent Aggression Through Bibliotherapy, said in the book, “Through the imaginative process that reading involves, children have the opportunity to do what they often cannot do in real life — become thoroughly involved in the inner lives of others, better understand them, and eventually become more aware of themselves.”
Because the social world of today's children is very complex, I try to include the wisdom and insight of young readers in my stories, so that my books go hand in hand with their life experiences and views.
There are also many other wonderful books that generate thoughtful conversations (my website lists my top picks — from pre­school kids to young adults, both fiction and nonfiction). If you're looking for ways to turn stories into teachable moments, visit authors' or publishers' websites for ready­made lesson plans. With lessons in hand, you're ready to open the hearts and minds of young readers to new perspectives and possibilities!
4．Why is it important to teach kids to have empathy and compassion?
A．They will help kids address tough issues.
B．They will make kids treat others equally.
C．They will make kids more optimistic toward life.
D．They will make kids perform better in everything.
5．What does Dr. Zipora Shechtman mainly talk about in his book?
A．The influence of literature on children.
B．Tough issues children face today.
C．The importance of imagination.
D．Interaction between children.
6．In the last paragraph the author intends to ________．
A．ask us to visit his website
B．make a summary of his view
C．call attention to his books
D．recommend more books to us
7．What's the specific message the author wants to convey in the text?
A．Social­emotional learning skills are important to children.
B．Children can't go without wonderful books.
C．Literature can help to handle the emotionally damaging manner.
D．Authors' or publishers' websites have book lists.
D
[2021·大连市高三双基测试卷]Looking back is a wonderful thing. It allows you to see what has led you here and, hopefully, how society has changed and improved.
Take, for instance, my career goal. First, I wanted, in 1999, to be a “farmer”， soon archaeologist, then driving instructor and somewhere along the way, footballer.
I had grown up in a football­loving family. I remember the exact moment when I said “I'm sad I can't be a footballer” while watching the game with Dad as a pre­teen. He asked why not. “Because I'm not a boy.” He immediately responded, “You can, if you want to.” “Yeah, I suppose so，” I sighed, “but no one watches women's football.”
Looking back, I can see exactly why I felt like that. At school, there was an unwritten rule that sports like hockey and netball were“girl” sports and rugby and football were for the boys. I'd never seen a women's football match on TV. You see, you can't be what you can't see, and lack of representation leads, at best, to misunderstanding, and at worst, fear and negative opinions.
Today, the Lionesses took on Scotland in the World Cup, and people across the world tuned in. But, although women's football is one of FIFA's best investments, the majority of female players are earning under a fair wage. Some argue that that's because viewing statistics are lower than those of men's, but the rise in support shows the demand is there. Hopefully, more investment will push female football forward.
Today, I'll be cheering on the Lionesses, because it'll mean talented, skillful female footballers being broadcast into millions of homes and maybe, just maybe, a little girl believing that she can also be a Lioness one day.
4．Which of the following best describes the author's career goals?
A．Realistic. B．Changeable.
C．Consistent. D．Long­sought.
5．Why didn't the author believe she could be a footballer?
A．She was not talented enough.
B．People lost faith in women's football.
C．Girls were forbidden to play football.
D．She had no example to follow.
6．What can we know about women's football from Paragraph 5?
A．It's better paid than men's.
B．It is increasingly popular.
C．It has no market demand.
D．It is not profitable.
7．What does the text mainly want to tell us?
A．Society advances with time.
B．Women deserve equal rights.
C．Each goal is worth pursuing.
D．Hard work always pays off.

A
[2021·贵阳市高三适应性考试二]
Baby Yoda Joins Oregon Firefighters in Battling Wildfires
“Because of all these photos, people are now seeing the human faces behind the wildfires，” Tyler Eubanks excitedly told The Washington Post. “It is giving firefighters huge confidence which is something that's really needed right now.”
Sasha agrees, “It's a wonder how one small gesture can create a wave of kindness.” She says Carver is excited that everyone likes Baby Yoda and happy that the first responders — many of whom have been unable to see their families for weeks — have a “little friend” to give them comfort.
The toy, along with a note saying, “Thank you, firefighters. Here is a friend for you, in case you get lonely.Love, Carver，” was handed to volunteers on September 12th, 2020. The thoughtful gift brought tears to their eyes. “The fires were close to us, and everyone was really high on emotion，” says Tyler Eubanks. “We were all really touched that Carver wanted to give a companion to the people who were out there risking their lives to fight the wildfires.”
Eubanks delivered the toy to a group of firefighters working to contain the 25­acre flames in Colton, Oregon. She had originally intended to take a few pictures of the Baby Yoda in action for Carver, and then bring back the toy to the donation site. However, the firefighters decided to hold on to the doll and share it to lift the spirits of firefighters across the state.
“He's been a really big encouragement，” said Jaebyn Drake, a firefighter with the Oregon Air National Guard. “I showed the note and everything to a lot of the people on my crew, and they just loved it. A couple of people broke down in tears... It just really meant a lot to us, and it was really emotional for a lot of people.”
1．What is Baby Yoda?
A．A pet. B．A doll.
C．A card. D．A baby.
2．How did the first responders feel?
A．Embarrassed. B．Annoyed.
C．Surprised. D．Moved.
3．What happened to Baby Yoda in the end?
A．It was kept by the firefighters.
B．It was taken a few pictures.
C．It was delivered to The Washington Post.
D．It was brought back to the donation site.
4．What can we learn from Jaebyn Drake's words?
A．Baby Yoda was clever and popular.
B．Their work time was very long.
C．The firefighters were all homesick.
D．Baby Yoda meant a lot to them.
B
[2021·太原市高三年级模拟考试]Some time ago, in my class I was about to fail a student for his answer to a physics question when the student claimed he deserved a better score. The examination question sounded “safe”， “Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer (气压表).” The student had answered, “Take the barometer to the top of the building, attach a long rope to it, lower the barometer to the street, and then bring it up, measuring the length of the rope. The length of the rope is the height of the building.”
I argued that a high grade should prove his competence in physics, but the answer did not confirm this. I suggested that the student have another try. Immediately, he worked out his answer: A second best way is to take the barometer to the top of the building. Drop the barometer, timing its fall with a stopwatch. Then, using the formula to calculate the height of the building.
I was shocked by his answer. His method gave me not only a broken barometer but a U­turn in my teaching philosophy. I gave him full marks.
On his leaving my office, I recalled that he suggested there could be a better answer. So I asked him what it was. “Oh, yes，” said the student. “There are many ways. Probably the best，” he said, “is to take the barometer to the basement and ask the superintendent (大楼的管理人). You speak to him as follows, ‘Mr. Superintendent, here I have a fine barometer. If you tell me the height of this building, I will give it to you.’”
At this point, I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question. He admitted that he did, but said that he was fed up with high school instructors' trying to teach him how to think, and how to use the so­called “scientific method”. He just wanted to solve the problem in a practical manner, not just answer the question in an expected way. Hearing this, I really had nothing to do but give the boy a firm handshake, feeling thankful that I hadn't failed him in the first place and even more thankful that neither had he.
1．Why did the author want to fail the student in the first place?
A．The student challenged his authority.
B．The student's answer was not practical.
C．The student didn't show his academic ability.
D．The student had a poor performance in physics class.
2．Which of the following can best describe the author's new teaching philosophy?
A．Without love, there is no education.
B．A man becomes learned by asking questions.
C．Teaching is to make two ideas grow where only one grew before.
D．You can lead your horse to the river, but you can't make it drink.
3．What made the student abandon the conventional answer?
A.Lack of physics­related knowledge.
B．Ignorance of the teacher's expectation.
C．Intention to deeply impress his teacher.
D．Disapproval of existing teaching concepts.
4．What can we infer from the text?
A．The superintendent was a greedy person.
B．School education restricted this student's thinking.
C．The teacher appreciated the student's answer finally.
D.The examination question is a tough physics problem.
C
[2021·武汉市高三质量检测]A 15­year­old Colorado high school student and young scientist who has used artificial intelligence (AI) and created apps to address polluted drinking water and other social problems has been named Time magazine's first­ever “Kid of the Year”．
Rao told The Associated Press in an interview from her home that the prize is “nothing that I could have ever imagined. And I'm so grateful and just so excited that we're really taking a look at the upcoming generation and our generation, since the future is in our hands.”
Time said Rao stood out for creating a global community of young innovators and inspiring them to pursue their goals. Rao insisted that starting out small doesn't matter, as long as you're passionate about it.
She told Time contributing editor Angelina Jolie in an interview that her science pursuits started early as a way to improve social conditions. The drinking water crisis in Flint, Michigan, inspired her to develop a way to detect pollutants and send those results to a mobile phone, she said.
“I was like 10 when I told my parents that I wanted to research carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensor technology at the Denver Water quality research lab, and my mum was like, ‘A what？’” Rao told Jolie. She said that work “is going to be in our generation's hands pretty soon. So if no one else is gonna do it, I'm gonna do it.”
In a world where science is increasingly questioned or challenged, Rao insisted that its pursuit is an act of kindness, the best way that a younger generation can better the world.
“We have science in everything we're involved in, and I think that's the biggest thing to put out there, that science is cool, innovating is cool, and anybody can be an innovator，” Rao said. “Anybody can do science.”
4．What did Rao think of the award she received?
A．It was a mark of social progress.
B．It was a recognition of her work.
C．It was an inspiration to the youth.
D．It was a title beyond her expectation.
5．Why would Rao start to pursue science?
A．To encourage people to aim high.
B．To pursue her passion for research.
C．To change the society for the better.
D．To stop science from being questioned.
6．Which word can best describe Rao?
A．Cool. B．Kind.
C．Independent. D．Creative.
7．What's the purpose of the text?
A．To report a young genius.
B．To introduce new inventions.
C．To improve social conditions.
D．To present artificial intelligence.
D
[2021·广州市综合测试一]The history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses (放大镜) he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times. After removing some plaque from between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which he called “animalcules”．
His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first descriptions of microbes (微生物). Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe invisible to the human eye. He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rainwater, and human blood. He gave the first description of red blood cells, observed plant tissue, examined muscle, and investigated the life cycle of insects.
Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur's theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoek's original work. Leeuwenhoek did not foresee this__legacy．
In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way: “My work, which I've done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men. And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I thought it was my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed.”
1．Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek?
A．A trained researcher with an interest in microbiology.
B．A curious amateur who made pioneering studies of microbes.
C．A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease.
D．A bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery.
2．The underlined phrase “this legacy” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________．
A．the discovery of microbes
B．Pasteur's theory of disease
C．Leeuwenhoek's contribution
D．the origin of the tiny organism
3．What does the quote from Leeuwenhoek's letter suggest?
A.He admitted that many of his discoveries happened by chance.
B．He considered his work to be central to later medical breakthroughs.
C．He was greatly concerned with improving people's living conditions.
D．He believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress.
4．What is the correct order for the following events?
a．Magnifying lenses were built.
b．The “theory of disease” was put forward.
c．Microbes were discovered in samples of water.
d．Leeuwenhoek's first microscopes were successfully developed.
e．Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts upon his own contribution.
A．a—d—c—e—b. B．d—a—c—e—b.
C．a—c—d—b—e. D．d—a—e—b—c.
E
[2021·绵阳市高中第一次诊断]What makes one a great person? The legendary volleyball coach Lang Ping gave the answer in the recent documentary The Iron Hammer, named after her nickname for her powerful strikes.
The documentary features Lang's inspiring journey from her gold medal victory as a volleyball player in the 1984 Olympics to her unparalleled (绝无仅有的) career as a successful coach for both the USA from 2005 to 2008 and China since 2013. She led the US to a silver medal in the 2008 Olympic Games and China to a gold medal triumph in the 2016 Olympic Games, making her the first person to win the Olympic volleyball gold medal as a player and coach.
Lang Ping revealed the secret to such remarkable achievements in the documentary. “I believe volleyball is my destiny，” she said.
But__glory__and__challenges__go__hand__in__hand. Troubled by severe injuries to her cervical vertebra (颈椎), back, waist and knees, caused by intense exercise and hard work, the 60­year­old has undergone more than 10 surgeries. “No parts of my body function well，” she joked.
But illness is certainly not the only difficulty Lang has faced throughout her career. In 2005, she struggled with balancing raising her daughter Bai Lang, who lived in the US, and her coaching career. She eventually decided to work for USA Volleyball that year and this decision aroused a lot of negative comments back in China.
“I'm proud of being a Chinese，” Lang responded in an interview. Later, she returned to head the Chinese women's volleyball team in 2013, leading the team successfully defending its World Cup crown with a perfect record of 11 straight wins last year.
There is no doubt that Lang is one of the greatest players and coaches in history. As an athlete commented in the documentary, “Lang Ping is like Michael Jordan in our minds.”
1．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．Ways to become a great person.
B．Reasons for Lang Ping's success.
C．Lang Ping and her successful career.
D．Great athletes and their achievements.
2．Why did Lang Ping go to work for USA Volleyball in 2005?
A．To make a big fortune.
B．To take care of her family.
C.To avoid negative comments.
D．To establish her reputation abroad.
3．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Success comes at a price.
B．Challenges are as important as glory.
C．Athletes are likely to get their hands injured.
D．Lang Ping has trouble in achieving her goals.
4．Why is Michael Jordan mentioned at the end of the passage?
A．To honor the legendary basketball star.
B．To draw the attention of readers to another field.
C．To illustrate that there are lots of great people in the world.
D．To acknowledge Lang Ping's status and achievements.