主题03 人物与职业-2022年高考英语一轮复习热门主题词汇记忆+题型突破专练

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2022年高考英语一轮复习热门主题词汇记忆+题型突破专练
主题03 人物与职业
【主题词汇记忆】
【高频单词】
·识记 1·
1. achieve　　　　　 vt. 达到, 取得
achievement n. 成就, 成绩, 功绩
2. admire v. 钦佩; 欣赏
3. ambitious adj. 有雄心壮志的
4. appearance n. 外貌
5. background n. 背景
6. birthplace n. 出生地; 故乡
7. character n. (汉)字, 字体; 品格
characteristic adj. 典型的, 独特的
8. coincidence n. 巧合, 巧事
9. confident adj. 自信的
confidence n. 自信心; 信心
10. contemporary adj. 属同时期的, 同一时代的
·识记 2·
1. content adj. 甘愿的, 满意的
n. 内容
2. contribute v. 贡献
contribution n. 贡献
3. creative adj. 富有创造力的
4. determination n. 决心
determine vt. 决定; 决心
5. devote v. 把……奉献, 把……专用(于)
devotion n. 奉献, 奉献精神
6. educated adj. 受过教育的
7. energetic adj. 精力旺盛的
8. expectation n. 期望; 期待
9. experience n. 经验; 经历
10. failure n. 失败
·识记 3·
1. fortunate adj. 幸运的; 侥幸的
fortune n. 财产; 运气
2. generous adj. 慷慨大方的
3. hardship n. 困难
4. hardworking adj. 努力工作的
5. honest adj. 诚实的, 正直的
6. honour(美honor) n. 荣誉, 光荣
vt. 尊敬, 给予荣誉
7. humorous adj. 富有幽默感的
humour(美humor) n. 幽默, 幽默感
8. independent adj. 独立的
9. inspire vt. 鼓舞; 激励
10. intelligence n. 智力, 才智, 智慧
·识记 4·
1. occupation n. 职业, 工作
2. optimistic adj. 乐观的
3. outgoing adj. 爱交际的, 外向的
4. outspoken adj. 直率的, 坦诚的
5. outstanding adj. 优秀的, 杰出的
6. personality n. 个性, 性格
7. possess vt. 占有; 拥有
possession n. 拥有; 财产, 所有物
8. private adj. 私人的
9. profession n. (需要有高等教育学位的)职业(如医生或律师)
10. prove vt. 证明
·识记 5·
1. qualification n. 资格, 学历
2. respect vt. &n. 尊敬, 尊重
3. retire v. 退休
4. sacrifice vt. 牺牲
5. stubborn adj. 固执的, 倔强的
6. virtue n. 美德, 正直的品行, 德行
7. voluntary adj. 自愿的, 主动的
volunteer n. 义工, 志愿者
v. 自愿做
8. warm-hearted adj. 热心的
9. wealth n. 财产, 财富
wealthy adj. 富有的
10. wrinkle n. 皱纹
【高频短语】
·识记 1·
1. be honored as　　　　　　　被誉为……
2. be gifted at 对……有天赋
3. be interested in 对……感兴趣
4. be satisfied/content with 对……满意
5. be active in 积极从事
6. be absorbed in 全神贯注于
7. be enthusiastic about 对……热心
8. be skilled in 在……方面熟练
9. be admitted into/to a key university 考上重点大学
10. do well in 在……方面做得好
·识记 2·
1. devote oneself/one’s life to 献身于, 专心于
2. dream of 梦想
3. graduate from 从……毕业
4. learn from 向……学习
5. make great contributions to 对……做出巨大贡献
6. make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事
7. praise sb. for sth. 因某事赞扬某人
8. regard. . . as. . . 认为……是……
9. set a good example to 为……做出好榜样
10. think highly/well of 对……高度评价
【佳句品读】
1. We are very proud of ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world.
我们为自己感到骄傲, 并且相信我们为了一个更加美好的世界可以做更多的事情。
2. Amazingly, she earned respect from her students, all of whom later grew to be confident, considerate and well-behaved.
令人感到惊讶的是, 她获得了学生的尊敬, 后来这些学生都变得自信、体贴人、举止得体。
3. As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates.
作为一个外向的女孩, 我和同学们相处得很好。
4. They are not only experienced and knowledgeable, but also patient and understanding. 他们不仅经验丰富、知识渊博, 而且有耐心、善解人意。
5. Thus, the seemingly difficult process of study was neither complex nor dull.
因此, 看似困难的学习过程既不复杂也不枯燥。
6. I intend to recommend him because what he impresses on us is not only his expertise in teaching but his care for us.
我打算推荐他, 因为他使我们印象深刻的不仅是他在教学方面的专长, 而且还有他对我们的关心。
7. He offered his sincere and sound suggestions, which cleared up my problem immediately.
他提出了他真诚和合理的建议, 这立刻解决了我的问题。
8. I was impressed by his devotion to teaching.
他给我的印象是热心教学。
9. Owing to the fact that he can do whatever he has chosen to do with great perseverance, he has made great achievements in many fields.
由于他能够坚持不懈地做他所选择做的任何事情, 所以他在很多领域都取得了巨大成就。
10. He is very popular with his teachers and classmates.
他非常受老师和同学们的欢迎。
11. Born into a poor clerk’s family, Charles Dickens had little schooling.
出生在一个贫困的小职员家庭中, 查尔斯·狄更斯几乎没有接受学校教育。
12. You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you make use of it.
你不能选择你拥有什么, 但你能选择如何利用你所拥有的。
13. I am sure that with your great efforts, you will enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here.
我确信只要你付出巨大努力, 你在这里会有一个丰富多彩、富有成效的生活。
14. This experience has also taught me that as long as I never give up and keep trying, I can succeed.
这次经历也让我学到: 只要我永不放弃并努力尝试, 我会成功的。
15. As for my favourite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.
至于我最喜欢的中国历史人物, 那一定是魏源, 一位伟大的晚清思想家。
16. Her marvelous voice and appealing dance make her one of the most popular girls in our school.
她动听的歌声和迷人的舞姿让她成了我们学校里最受欢迎的女孩之一。
17. Now I have grown up and become more independent, but whenever I come across setback, my mother’s eyes are always with me encouraging me wherever I go.
现在我已长大且变得更加独立, 但每当我遇到挫折时, 不论我走到哪里母亲的眼睛总是伴随着我, 给我鼓励。
18. His great personality has gained their respect.
他伟大的人格赢得了他们的尊重。
19. As far as I’m concerned, my mother is always helping our neighbours or strangers, which makes her gain good honors in our village.
就我所知, 我的母亲总是帮助我们的邻居或陌生人, 这使她在我们的村子里获得了良好的声誉。
20. She makes a promise that she will behave herself and set a good example to schoolmates.
她承诺, 她会好好表现, 并为同学们树立一个好榜样。
【题型突破专练】
一、阅读选理解
1
With paper flowers and music hanging around in the air, Lyu Jun was hosting a small farewell ceremony at an industrial zone in Shenzhen, Guangdong province. It was a funeral for a pet dog. Lyu came up with the idea of becoming a pet mortician (殡葬师）four years ago when he was preparing to start a business.
“At that time, there was only one brick-and-mortar(实体的）business that provided funeral services for pets in Shenzhen, but hundreds of pets die every day in this city,” he said. According to Lyu, many pet owners used to bury the remains of their beloved animals near their homes , which had a harmful impact on the environment and created the risk of spreading disease.
He saw a gap in the market for someone able to properly handle the death of pets.“A pet funeral service provides treatment of the bodies that is harm-free, and it is the greatest comfort to pet owners,” Lyu said.
He takes good care of the remains of the pets and tidies up their appearance before the funeral. In addition, he prepares funeral addresses and selects suitable tombs for the pets.He also films funerals for owners who cannot attend the ceremonies, and provides paper and pens for those who want to write down their blessings and hang the notes on the wishing tree.
Over the past four years, Lyu has bid farewell to more than 2,000 dogs, cats and other kinds of animals. He also does volunteer work in his spare time to promote responsible dog raising.“The pet funeral service industry is still in its babyhood, and I hope there will be a set of strict standards for people who take on this job and a better environment for the industry,” Lyu said.
1. Why did Lyu start the business on pet funeral service?
A. Because he could earn a lot of money from it.
B. Because he thought it met the market requirement.
C. Because he thought it would be a unique and challenging business.
D. Because he could help owners bury their dead pets near their homes.
2. What does Lyu often do as a pet mortician?
A. He delivers speeches to mourn the pets.
B. He gives best wishes to the pets' owners.
C. He makes films of the pets for their birth.
D. He nurses and cares for the pets carefully.
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Lyu volunteers to raise pets on his own.
B. The pet funeral service has got a big success.
C. More strict standards should be set for pets' owners.
D. There remains a potential in the pet funeral industry.
4. In which column will you probably find the passage?
A. Sports & Entertainment. B. Economy & Finance.
C. Lifestyle & Leisure.. D. Occupation & Employment.
2
I am a book conservator. I work for The Gladys Brooks Book and Paper Conservation Laboratory, attending to the physical well-being of collections materials.
Currently I am working on a copy of The byrth of mankynde, otherwise named The womans book, by Eucharius Roesslin, London, 1545. The book arrived in the lab broken in half. It had suffered from several unsuccessful attempts to repair the damage over the years. I carefully documented the original sewing pattern, so that I could resew it in the same way. Next, I dyed(给上色) leather to match the original color, which I will use to recreate the spine (书脊). After it is completed, the book will receive a new, custom cover, and will be ready to be used again.
I come from an art background, having received my bachelor degree in studio art from Bard College. It was really through an interest in materials (specifically paper, leather, etc) that I became involved in bookbinding—fastening books together and putting covers on them. Later I received a diploma, which led me to many wonderful experience in book conservation.
Working in conservation can be very satisfying: the outcome of our work is unusually obvious. Working to preserve materials for future readers can be creatively challenging, and requires flexible thinking. I like that it is a profession that combines working with your hands with an intellectual component. And of course, I am very happy to take a book that is too fragile to be handled and make it usable again.
Many books that come up to the conservation lab are too fragile to be handled by readers; our work makes these materials accessible. This is important not just for readers that come and use our collection in person, but also for preparation for digitization projects and exhibitions. However, some people think that all we do is repair bibles! This work is much more creative than a few binding repairs. Many bookbinders create books and book art in addition to repair work. They are artists who show their work in galleries and museums.
5. What does the author think of his job?
A. Easy. B. Ordinary. C. Satisfying. D. Flexible.
6. What does the underlined phrase “the same way” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The way the book sewed. B. The pattern the book broke.
C. The method of repairing spines. D. The material used for the cover.
7. What does a book conservator do?
A. Create art books. B. Repair broken bibles.
C. Digitalize old books. D. Make books reusable.
8. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. My love of the laboratory. B. My story about conserving books.
C. My job as a book binder. D. My experience of studying binding.
3
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
9. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?
A. He felt disappointed. B. He gave up his hobby.
C. He liked the weather there. D. He had disagreements with his family.
10. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?
A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don't worry!
11. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?
A. To join the skateboarding. B. To make new friends.
C. To learn more tricks. D. To relive his childhood days
12. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A. Children should learn a second language.
B. Sport is necessary for children's health.
C. Children need a sense of belonging
D. Seeing the world is a must for children.
4
'How lucky you are to be a doctor...' Anyone who's a doctor is right out of luck, I thought. Anyone who's studying medicine should have his head examined.
You may think I want to change my job. Well, at the moment I do. As one of my friends says—even doctors have a few friends——it's all experience. Experience! I don't need such experience. I need a warm, comfortable, undisturbed bed all my own. I need it badly. I need all telephones to be thrown down the nearest well, that's what I need.
All these thoughts fly round my head as I drive my Mini through the foggy streets of East London at 3:45 a.m. on a December morning. I am a ministering angel（救死扶伤的天使）in a Mini with a heavy coat and a bag of medicines. As I speed down Lea Bridge in the dark at this horrible morning hour, the heater first blowing hot then cold, my back aching from the car-seat, I do not feel like a ministering angel I wish I were on the beach in southern France. Call me a bad doctor if you like. Call me what you will. But don't call me at half past three on a December morning for an ear-ache that you have had for two weeks.
Of course, being a doctor isn't really all bad. We do have our moments. Once in a while people are ill, once in a while you can help, once in a while you get given a cup of tea and rock-hard cake at two o'clock in the morning- then you worry if you have done everything. But all too often 'everything? is a repetitious（重复的）rule: look, listen, feel, tap. Pills, infection（注射），phone, ambulance（救护车），away to the next.
And then there is always the cool, warm voice of the girl on the switchboard of the emergency bed service who will get your patient into hospital for you—the pleasant voice that comes to you as you stand in the cold, dark, smelly, dirty telephone box somewhere in a dangerous section of town. Oh, it has its moments, this life does.
13. By saying "Anyone who's studying medicine should have his head examined," in the first paragraph, the writher wants to tell us________.
A. those who want to be doctors are crazy
B. a doctor must be mentally strong so that he can meet any difficult situation
C. a medical student should have a very good memory
D. to be a doctor is a challenge for people's mental health
14. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The writer wishes he could have a quiet, undisturbed night in bed at home.
B. One of his friends says that being a doctor helps one gain experience.
C. He hates the telephone as a modem means of communication.
D. He is not happy with the small and uncomfortable car he is driving.
15. The underlined sentence "We do have our moments" could best be replaced by"__________".
A. we doctors are called at a moment's notice to see people who need medical treatment
B. usually we are glad that we can do something to help the sick
C. sometimes we find people are thankful for our help
D. there are chances that doctors find their work rewarding and satisfying
16. From the whole passage we know that the writer________.
A. is a bad doctor, unwilling to make a house call during the night-time
B. is so dissatisfied with his job that he wishes to find a new one
C. is satisfied with his job but he hates to be called out unnecessarily
D. thinks a doctor can enjoy certain special rights whether he felt lucky or not
17. How does the writer show the doctors work is very tiring and hard?
A. By analyzing some facts that the patients are hard to deal with.
B. By offering some facts of working time and conditions.
C. By comparing the job of being a doctor with other jobs.
D. By drawing a conclusion that being a doctor is unwise.
二、完形填空
It was a Friday morning, 7:30 am. I felt too late to drive my car, so my daughter 18 an Uber (优步). In five minutes, the Uber reached the entrance gate, waiting for my arrival. I just saw the cab 19 and entered the car. I was so busy that I didn't pay any 20 to the driver. I was searching for important papers from my leather bag, so. 21 said, “Please, go quick. I'm in a hurry!”
The 22 came, “Yes, ma'am.”
I was literally surprised when I heard a 23 voice! I stopped my work for a second and looked at the driver. The driver was a young lady. For the first time, I saw a lady driving an Uber!
The car was running on the national highway towards the 24 , It was quite a distance from my home. She was driving 25 well. I didn't know why I became so 26 to know why she had chosen this 27 . I started the conversation, “If you don't mind, can I ask you some questions? ”
“I guess, you are well 28 .”
“Yes, ma' am! I have completed my 29 , I have done my MBA course.”
“Oh, wow!!! Why did you then chose this profession, instead of going for an 30 career?”
I could see her face in the rear — view mirror. She 31 and then she expressed her views. I was really amazed!
Very politely, she said, “Driving was my 32 from my childhood, ma'am! of course I do 33 each and every job. In this case, 34 I fulfilled my desire. I love driving! I don't mind big or small jobs. I wanted a job where I can get satisfaction. I got 35 from international companies but this one I preferred because I like it. I know I can't get enough money out of it, 36 as I told you — I love driving! That's it!”
“Is it worth it?”
“ 37 you like it, yes.”
18. A. found B. booked C. downloaded D. rented
19. A. driver B. brand C. number D. color
20. A. attention B. respect C. money D. regard
21. A. necessarily B. instantly C. publicly D. patiently
22. A. answer B. order C. sound D. voice
23. A. female B. young C. sharp D. calm
24. A. airport B. company C. destination D. meting
25. A. terribly B. perfectly C. naturally D. lively
26. A. devoted B. confident C. confused D. enthusiastic
27. A. profession B. car C. rad D. course
28. A. identified B. proved C. rewarded D. educated
29. A. life B. paper C. education D. work
30. A. available B. accessible C. adventurous D. academic
31. A. smiled B. wept C. laughed D. sighed
32. A. plan B. love C. choice D. imagination
33. A. honor B. accept C. respect D. cherish
34. A. without doubt B. at least C. in case D. of course
35. A. support B. advertisements C. offers D. payments
36. A. yet B. and C. so D. while
37. A. Otherwise B. Until C. Unless D. If
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My most 38. (embarrass) moment occurred last month. I was invited to attend an interview for a job as a hotel receptionist. I arrived on time and was shown into the manager’s office by an assistant. I was so nervous 39. I didn’t catch the manager’s name. The interview began. “Do you have any previous experience in hotels?” asked the manager. “No sir,” I said. The manager frowned. “Are you good at computers?” “Yes, Sir. I am familiar 40. most popular kinds of software.” The manager frowned again. He didn’t look like a friendly person. The interview continued. Every answer I gave 41. (receive) by a frown from the manager, even though I told him about my 42. (society) skills, my knowledge of French and so on. 43. (obvious), I was doing very badly. At last, the interview came to a close. “One final question,” said the manager. “44. good is your eyesight?” “Excellent, sir,” I replied. “Very well,” said the manager, “Thank you for coming.” I stood up to shake hands. When the manager stood up as well, I realized what I had been doing wrong. The gentleman, 45. I had been calling “sir” during the whole interview, 46. (wear) a skirt! The manager was 47. woman! I didn’t get the job.
四、应用文写作
　　请你根据下面的提示, 用英语对钟南山作简单介绍, 写一篇80词左右的英语作文。
1. 钟南山, 1936年10月出生于南京, 是21世纪最出名的医学家之一。
2. 2020年初, 新冠肺炎在中国和世界各地爆发, 以钟南山为代表的医护工作者经长期努力, 成功阻断了新冠病毒的进一步传播; 2020年8月, 钟南山被授予共和国勋章。
3. 他在医学领域工作60多年, 是一位受国人尊敬的好医生。
注意: 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
参考词汇: COVID-19 pandemic新型冠状病毒肺炎流行病; the Medal of the Republic共和国勋章
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