专题1 阅读理解 考法04 主旨大意-备战2022年高考英语精选考点专项突破

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专题1 阅读理解 考法04主旨大意
备战2022年高考英语精选考点专项突破
主旨大意
主旨大意题主要考查考生对所读材料(或所读材料片段)中心思想或标题的概括。做这类题时，考生应通读全文，把握文章大意或中心思想，同时注意文章的主题句，因为主题句表达了文章的中心思想，而其他句子均围绕主题句展开。主题句通常位于文章第一段首句、第一段末句或全文末句处，但有时也位于段落中间(通常是第一段或最后一段的中间)。主旨大意题的考查形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、段意、中心思想等。
常见的设问方式有:
Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
What is the... paragraph mainly about?
What is the best title for the text?
What is the text mainly about?
What may be the best title for the text?
What can be a suitable title for the text?
技巧1 速读文章，明确主题
速读文章，抓住文章主题句或关键词。考生应抓住反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫主题词。
(1)、主题句的特征
①、首段出现具体例子或假设时，例子或假设后面的内容往往体现文章主旨;
②、作者有意识地反复陈述的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词或短语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词;
③、段落中出现表转折的词或短语(如 however, but, in fact, actually等)时，该词或短语后的句子很可能是主题句。
(2)、寻找主题句
①、主题句在段首
主题句在段首的文章结构是先点明主题，然后围绕这一主题进行分析，用演绎法阐述观点。在议论文、科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种方式。
②、主题句在段中
当主题句被安排在段落中间时，通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、论证或展开。
③、主题句在段尾
主题句也会出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据，层层推理论证，最后得出结论，即段落的主题。
[全国I 2020·D] The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent
studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. A new study of different plants. B. A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces. D. Benefits from green plants.
【解析】根据第一段中的 positive及所举的两个例子(绿化的区城犯罪率低以及绿植多的办公区城员工的工
效率更高)可如，未段主要介绍的是绿色植物给人们带的处。故选D项。
技巧2 瞻首顾尾，定位中心句
每一段的第一句、第二句和最后一句成为该段主题句的概率往往最大。将首段的中心句与各段第一句串联在一起，常常可以得出文章的中心思想。此外，文章的逻辑结构也有助于定位中心句。常见的结构有按时间顺序组织的结构或“分述------总说”结构。按时间先后顺序说明某一件事或某一理论的发展过程的文章,主题句通常在首段或末段；采用“分述-----总说”结构的文章，前几段分述，末段总结，这类文章主题句常在末段。
[全国Ⅱ 2020·B]
Some parents will buy any high-- tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills... .
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during every -day activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age... .
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. A mathematical method. B. A scientific study. C. A woman psychologist. D. A teaching program.
【解析】本文主要围绕一项研究展开说明，具体介绍了它的研究对象、研究方法及研究发现，最后还提到其研究结论被发表在一本学术刊物上。故选B项。
技巧3 确定概括范围，关注题目特点
主旨大意题的答案设置分为两类。一类是文章有一个明确的主题句，正确选项往往是它的同义转述句。做这类题时，首先要找出文章的主题句，这样就明确了文章要讲什么，再通读全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。由于文章内容和体裁的不同，作者的写作手法也不尽相同，因而主题句在文章中出现的位置也不固定。另一类是文章中没有可概括全文的中心句，主题句隐含在全文当中。阅读这样的文章时，考生应根据文章的细节来分析、概括，从而推导出文章的主旨大意。
【例】Two four-kilometer road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city, one for traffic to the north and the other for the traffic to the south. The two tunnels are about 20 meters below the surface and are 12 meters wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction.
In the upper part of the tunnel, two air conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, practically at its highest point. There will also be electric signs at frequent intervals. They show traffic conditions ahead and can be seen clearly by drivers. The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproof covering and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining. Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones.
What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The construction of two lanes. B. The function of a road.
C. The solution to cars' pollution. D. The design of two tunnels.
【解析】本段没有主题句，考生需要对文章进行整体概括。考生应多注意文章中反复出现的中心词 the tunnel
再结合文章的内容，可以推断出本文主要讲述的是隧道的设计。故选D项。
真题题组 滚动训练
A组
Passage 1（2020·浙江高考真题）
Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.
Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.
Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive(认知) function at a much slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants’ overall health status.
“This works just like physical exercise, ” says Francisca Then, who led the study. “After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy. ”
It's not just corporate jobs, or even paid work that can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiter’s job, for example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision-making could be just as stimulating as any high-level office work. And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating(协调), ” she says. “You have to organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and groceries. ”
Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons-including other environmental influences or genetic factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help.
1．Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests?
A．To assess their health status. B．To evaluate their work habits.
C．To analyze their personality. D．To measure their mental ability.
2．How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4?
A．By using an expert’s words. B．By making a comparison.
C．By referring to another study. D．By introducing a concept.
3．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills B．Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs
C．Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp D．Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。《神经病学》杂志发布的一则研究显示，需要大量的分析思考、细致规划和其他管理技能有挑战性的工作，有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests.(来自德国莱比锡大学的研究人员召集了1000多名75岁以上的退休老人，并通过一系列的测试对他们的记忆力和思维能力进行了评估。)”可知，科学家让志愿者做测试是为了测试他们的心智能力。故选D项。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段中Francisca Then说的话“This works just like physical exercise,( 这就像体育锻炼一样有效。)”及接下来进一步的解释“长跑后人就会感到痛苦和疲惫，但它确实能强身健体。工作一天下来会感到劳累，但这也使你的大脑处于健康状态”可知，Francisca Then是通过与“身体锻炼”作比较来解释他的发现的。故选B项。
3．主旨大意题。第一段“Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age(需要大量的分析思考、细致规划和其他管理技能有挑战性的工作，有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。)”是本文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了有挑战性的工作可能会使大脑保持敏捷，所以C项“困难的工作可能有助于大脑保持敏捷”适合作本文标题。故选C项。
Passage 2（2020·全国高考真题）
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”
And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
4．Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?
A．Nick. B．Rita. C．Kathryn D．The daughters.
5．What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law?
A．Positive. B．Carefree. C．Tolerant. D．Unwilling.
6．What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on?
A．Family traditions. B．Financial reports. C．Published statistics. D．Public opinions.
7．What is the text mainly about?
A．Lifestyles in different countries. B．Conflicts between generations.
C．A housing problem in Britain. D．A rising trend of living in the UK.
【答案】
4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段“ but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，但Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita 在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。故选B项。
5．推理判断题。根据第五段“And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”可知，尼克是怎么想的?“从我的角度来看，一切都很顺利。我推荐它吗?是的，我想我会推荐在一起居住的。”由此判断出，尼克对和和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第六段“ Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.”官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2002年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。根据第七段“It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.”可知，据说，25-34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。故选C项。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.”可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋势。故选D项。
Passage 3 （2020·全国高考真题）
We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land,” said Redney C．Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders,” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
In2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “it seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population,” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
8．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?
A．Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers. B．New knowledge of human evolution.
C．Recent findings of human origin. D．Significance of food selection.
9．Where do the Bajau build their houses?
A．In valleys. B．Near rivers. C．On the beach. D．Off the coast.
10．Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?
A．They could walk on stilts all day. B．They had a superb way of fishing.
C．They could stay long underwater. D．They lived on both land and water.
11．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea B．Highlanders’ Survival Skills
C．Basic Methods of Genetic Research D．The World’s Best Divers
【答案】
8．B 9．D 10．C 11．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。最近一项对人类基因的研究发现，人类的进化不仅仅发生在数十亿年前，而且最近几千年也有。Bajau人因为靠海为生，他们的身体已经进化成更能适应海洋生活。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段的we are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes, they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years.(我们是进化的产物，而且不仅仅是数十亿年前的产物。当科学家更深入的研究我们的基因时，他们发现了人类在过去几千年进化的例子)可知，作者列举第一段的例子是为了告诉我们关于人类进化的一个新信息，那就是人类在最近几千年也在进化。B. New knowledge of human evolution.(人类进化的新知识)符合以上说法，故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段的The Bajau, as these people are known, number in hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally live on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts in coastal waters.(这些人被称为Bajau，在印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾有数十万人。他们一直住在船屋上；最近他们也把房子建在沿海水域的吊脚楼上)可知，Bajau把房子建在沿海区域。D. Off the coast.(沿海)符合以上说法，故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段的we were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders.(我们很惊讶，他们在水下待的时间比我们当地的岛民要长的多)可知，让Jubilado感到吃惊的是Bajau人能在水下待更长的时间。C. They could stay long underwater. (他们能在水下待很长时间)符合以上说法，故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaption-not to air or to food, but to the ocean.(周四，在《细胞》杂志上发表的一篇文章中，一群研究人员报道了一种新的适应——不是空气也不是食物，而是海洋)可知，本文主要讲述了一种新的进化，即长期生活在海边，靠海为生的生活方式，让Bajau人的身体进化成更适应海洋生活。A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea.(身体为适应海洋生活而重塑)可以作为本文标题，故选A项。
Passage 4 （2020·全国高考真题）
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
12．In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
A．Building confidence. B．Developing spatial skills.
C．Learning self-control. D．Gaining high-tech knowledge.
13．What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment？
A．Parents’ age. B．Children’s imagination.
C．Parents’ education. D．Child-parent relationship.
14．How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?
A．They play with puzzles more often. B．They tend to talk less during the game.
C．They prefer to use more spatial language. D．They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
15．What is the text mainly about?
A．A mathematical method. B．A scientific study.
C．A woman psychologist D．A teaching program.
【答案】
12．B 13．C 14．D 15．B
【分析】
本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中…found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 develop better spatial skill(在2岁到4岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方面更好)可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。B. Developing spatial skills(发展空间能力)符合以上说法，故选B项。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for difference in parents' income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.( Levine说，在父母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数方面控制差异性之后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测)可知Levine在设计这个试验时考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。C. Parents' education.(父母的教育)符合以上说法，故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls,可知男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.(他们有可能玩更复杂的谜题)符合以上说法，故选D项。
15．主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。所以 是
关于科学研究的。B. A scientific study(一项科学研究)符合以上说法，故选B项。
B组
Passage 1（2020·全国高考真题）
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．A new study of different plants. B．A big fall in crime rates.
C．Employees from various workplaces. D．Benefits from green plants.
2．What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?
A．To detect plants’ lack of water B．To change compositions of plants
C．To make the life of plants longer. D．To test chemicals in plants.
3．What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?
A．They will speed up energy production. B．They may transmit electricity to the home.
C．They might help reduce energy consumption. D．They could take the place of power plants.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Can we grow more glowing plants? B．How do we live with glowing plants?
C．Could glowing plants replace lamps? D．How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物。文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段中A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example ,discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.可知例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。由此可知，第一段的主旨是关于绿色植物的益处。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中These include plants that have sensors printed on their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.可知这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示植物缺水的情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质。由此可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.可知发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。由此可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Lighting accounts for about 7%of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.可知照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离，在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。结合文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。由此可知，C选项“发光的植物能取代路灯吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。
Passage 2（2020·全国高考真题）
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
5．Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?
A．Cooperative. B．Uneasy. C．Inseparable. D．Casual.
6．What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Pleasure from working in the library. B．Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C．Wonderment from acting out the stories. D．A closer bond developed with the readers.
7．What does the author call on other writers to do?
A．Sponsor book fairs. B．Write for social media.
C．Support libraries. D．Purchase her novels.
8．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Reading: A Source of Knowledge B．My Idea about writing
C．Library: A Haven for the Young D．My Love of the Library
【答案】
5．C 6．B 7．C 8．D
【分析】
本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者是一个热情的读者，孩提时热衷读书，第一份工作在图书馆。有了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去。作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图书馆，宣传图书馆。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段的 I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties. I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.(我一直是一个热情的读者，孩提时，有时候每天读多达三本书。故事对我来说就像空气，而其他孩子则打球或参加聚会。我通过从图书馆借阅来的书籍经历冒险)可推断，作者小时候与书是密不可分的。故选C。
6．词句猜测题。根据上文As I grew older and became a mother可知，我长大了成了一位母亲，结合下文I had several children and books were our main source (来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them(我有几个孩子，书是我们娱乐的主要来源。对于我们来说，坐上车去当地的图书馆是件大事，在那里我的孩子们可以挑选要阅读的书或者想让我给他们读的书)可推断，作者成了母亲以后，带着孩子去图书馆，孩子挑选书籍来阅读，或者作者读给他们听，因此可知图书馆在作者的生活中又增添了新的意义，阅读的乐趣在家庭中代代相传”。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段的I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.( 我认为所有的作家都应该在他们可以的时候以有意义的方式支持图书馆。鼓励读者使用图书馆。在社交媒体上分享图书馆公告。可以的时候常去图书馆，谈论图书馆)可知，作者呼吁其他的作家们支持图书馆。故选C。
8．主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章讲述了作者是一名热情地读者，孩提时喜欢阅读，工作在图书馆。有了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去，作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图书馆，宣传图书馆。因此推断全文围绕“作者对图书馆的爱”展开讲述。故D项“我对图书馆的爱”为最佳标题。故选D。
Passage 3（2020·浙江高考真题）
Today's world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. Key skill set for success is persistence (毅力), a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time，the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.
"There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers，"Padilla-Walker said. "This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence-which can be taught-are key to a child's life success.”
Researchers determined that dads need to practice an "authoritative" parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian:rigid，demanding or controlling. Rather，an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics:children feel warmth and love from their father；responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed children are given an appropriate level of autonomy(自主权).
In the study，about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time，children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence，which leads to better outcomes in school.
This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future research.
9．What is special about the BYU professors' study?
A．It centered on fathers' role in parenting. B．It was based on a number of large families.
C．It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles. D．It aimed to improve kids' achievement in school.
10．What would an authoritative father do when raising his children?
A．Ignore their demands. B．Make decisions for them.
C．Control their behaviors. D．Explain the rules to them.
11．Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?
A．Single parents. B．Children aged from 11 to 14.
C．Authoritarian fathers. D．Mothers in two-parent homes.
12．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers. B．Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future.
C．Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father. D．Family Relationship Influences School Performance.
【答案】
9．A 10．D 11．A 12．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，父亲在帮助青春期的孩子学习毅力方面具有独特的地位。研究人员认为，父亲们需要采用一种“权威”的养育方式，且一项重要的发现是，随着时间的推移，由权威父亲抚养长大的孩子更有可能培养出坚持不懈的精神，从而在学校取得更好的成绩。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.（杨百翰大学的研究人员发现，父亲在帮助青春期的孩子学习毅力方面具有独特的地位）可知杨百翰大学研究的特别之处在于，它关注的是父亲在养育子女中的角色。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中Rather，an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father；responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed children are given an appropriate level of autonomy.（相反，权威的养育方式包括以下一些特征:孩子们感受到来自父亲的温暖和爱；强调责任和规则背后的原因；孩子们被给予适当的自主权）可知一个有权威的父亲在抚养孩子时会向他们解释规则。故选D。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future research.（然而，研究人员认为，单亲父母仍然可能在教授坚持不懈的好处方面发挥作用，这是未来研究的一个方向）可知根据研究人员的说法，单亲父母是未来研究的重点。故选A。
12．主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段中A key finding is that over time，children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence，which leads to better outcomes in school.（一项重要的发现是，随着时间的推移，由权威父亲抚养长大的孩子更有可能培养出坚持不懈的精神，从而在学校取得更好的成绩）和文章主要内容为说明父亲在养育子女中的角色，故选C选项“孩子们倾向于向父亲学习决心”最符合文章标题。故选C。
Passage 4（2019·北京高考真题）
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation(处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
13．How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls?
A．Panicked. B．Confused. C．Embarrassed. D．Disappointed.
14．Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammer can ________.
A．aim at victims precisely B．damage databases easily
C．start campaigns rapidly D．spread information widely
15．What does the passage imply?
A．Honesty is the best policy. B．Technologies can be double-edged.
C．There are more solutions than problems. D．Credibility holds the key to development.
16．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B．Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C．Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D．How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
【答案】
13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，欺诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段中的We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.可知，我们认识到了问题的严重性，支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法，。不幸的是，我们的努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故D选项正确。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段中的The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and card number.可知，机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。根据这些可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故A选项正确。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知，这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故B选项正确。
16．主旨大意题。第一段提到：robocalls（机器人电话：自动拨号播放录音信息的推销电话）在未来变得会越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。最后两段提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人电话问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故C选项适合作标题。
模拟强化 限时训练
A组
Passage 1（2021·江西赣州市·高三三模） 限时：7'
Morgan’s Wonderland, located in San Antonio, Texas, is a theme park mainly intended for mentally or physically disabled children. The park was built by Gordon Hartman, a former real estate (房地产) developer. The creation of the park was inspired by his daughter, Morgan, who suffers from severe cognitive delay and physical challenges.
The world’s first ultra-accessible family fun park, Morgan’s Wonderland opened in the spring of 2010. Admission for guests with special needs is free, and fees for the general public are set at a much discounted price so that people of all ages and abilities can come together and play in a fun and safe environment.
Completely wheelchair-accessible, the park features 25 acres of attractions including rides, playgrounds, a catch-and-release fishing lake, and picnic areas throughout the park. The rides are custom-designed to accommodate wheelchair riders so that every family member can enjoy the fun. The adapted rides include the Off-Road Adventure, where guests can test their driving skills in sporty vehicles. Moreover, each visitor is offered the option to wear a GPS Adventure Band, which allows them to keep track of each other while in the park. The band also enables them to take part in electronic activities. For example, when the riders scan the band at the Off-Road Adventure, a photo will be taken and sent to their email.
In June 2017, Morgan’s Wonderland celebrated the opening of Morgan’s Inspiration Island. The new expansion is composed of five themed splash pads and a River Boat Adventure Ride. The wheelchair guests can be moved out of their chairs into unique, waterproof chairs and enjoy the splash park without risking damage to their personal wheelchairs.
“Morgan taught me that there’s more to life in many ways than what I saw before,” said Hartman. “The blessing that Morgan has brought is beyond anything that I ever could have imagined and could explain.”
1．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The new addition to Morgan’s Wonderland.
B．The establishment and features of a special theme park.
C．The advanced technological devices in Morgan’s Wonderland
D．The needs of people who suffer from physical and mental disabilities.
2．What does “ultra-accessible” in the second paragraph imply?
A．It’s easy for all visitors to use the facilities.
B．Admission is free for people young and old.
C．Wheelchairs are provided for every featured attraction.
D．Morgan’s Wonderland is situated in a convenient location.
3．What does the park provide to prevent personal wheelchairs from being damaged?
A．Safe Boats. B．Water-resistant cloth. C．GPS bands. D．Special chairs.
4．Which of the following statements is true about Morgan’s Wonderland?
A．Waterproof chairs enable visitors to wonder all over the park.
B．Morgan’s Inspiration Island includes 25 acres of attractions.
C．The success of the park is exactly what Morgan intended to achieve.
D．GPS bands allow visitors to enjoy the convenience of the electronic devices.
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。摩根仙境位于德克萨斯州的圣安东尼奥，是一个主要为精神或身体残疾儿童开设的主题公园。文章介绍了摩根仙境主题公园的建立和特色。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Morgan’s Wonderland, located in San Antonio, Texas, is a theme park mainly intended for mentally or physically disabled children. The park was built by Gordon Hartman, a former real estate (房地产) developer. The creation of the park was inspired by his daughter, Morgan, who suffers from severe cognitive delay and physical challenges.”（摩根仙境位于德克萨斯州的圣安东尼奥，是一个主要为精神或身体残疾儿童开设的主题公园。公园由前房地产开发商戈登·哈特曼建造。这个公园的灵感来自于他的女儿摩根，她患有严重的认知延迟和身体挑战。）可知，文章主要是讲一个特殊主题公园的建立和特色。故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句和第二句“Completely wheelchair-accessible, the park features 25 acres of attractions including rides, playgrounds, a catch-and-release fishing lake, and picnic areas throughout the park. The rides are custom-designed to accommodate wheelchair riders so that every family member can enjoy the fun. ”（整个公园拥有25英亩的游乐设施，包括游乐设施、游乐场、钓鱼湖和野餐区。该游乐设施专为轮椅使用者而设计，让每个家庭成员都能享受其中的乐趣。）可知，ultra-accessible意为所有游客都能很容易地使用这些设备。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据倒第二段最后一句“The wheelchair guests can be moved out of their chairs into unique, waterproof chairs and enjoy the splash park without risking damage to their personal wheelchairs.”（坐轮椅的客人可以从椅子上挪到独特的防水椅子上，在不损坏自己的轮椅的情况下享受水上乐园。）可知，公园提供了特殊的椅子来防止个人轮椅被损坏。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段倒第二句“The band also enables them to take part in electronic activities.”（这个手
环还能让他们参与电子活动。）可知，GPS手环可以让游客享受电子设备带来的便利。故选D。
Passage 2（2021·辽宁高三模拟） 限时：7'
Have you ever heard about Black Friday and Cyber Monday? Surely, they are all about finding the best deals on holiday gifts for yourself and family members. And have you heard about Giving Tuesday? Here is something about it!
Giving Tuesday is observed annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving, which encourages people to help those in need by making financial donations or doing good in their local community. The “Global Day of Giving” was started in 2012 by New York City nonprofit 92nd Street Y and the United Nations Foundation.
Unlike Black Friday, Giving Tuesday serves a more altruistic purpose. In its first year, the movement brought in almost $10 million for charities, and things have only improved since. In 2019, many Giving Tuesday social media campaigns worldwide helped raise an amazing $ 1.9 billion from 27 million donors! Over the past five years, many higher education institutions have also been using the Tuesday after Thanksgiving to ask alumni for donations. In 2019, the University of Michigan, which calls it Blueday, received 5887 gifts totaling over $4 million, while Pennsylvania State University raised $710 000 to benefit over 85 University programs.
Though donating money certainly helps, there are many other ways to support the great cause, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. You can video tutor kids struggling with online learning, or team up with an adult to get groceries or medications for an elderly neighbor. Alternatively, call on your peers to help you with a service project that addresses an issue close to your heart, or pick one from the several ideas suggested on the GivingTuesday website. You can also donate your gently-used clothes and toys to local shelters, or mail a handwritten note to a grandparent or a friend you miss seeing.
What are you going to do to make a positive difference in your community on GivingTuesday? Let us know by adding your comments below!
5．Why does the author mention Black Friday and Cyber Monday in Paragraph 1?
A．To make a comparison. B．To lead to the topic.
C．To arouse readers’ interest. D．To express his doubt.
6．What’s the aim of GivingTuesday?
A．To promote the development of economy. B．To attract people to buy more holiday gifts.
C．To call on more universities to donate money. D．To encourage people to help those in need.
7．What does the underlined word “altruistic” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Selfless. B．General. C．Specific. D．Complex.
8．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．Where people can offer their kind help. B．What people can do on GivingTuesday.
C．How people can stay safe during COVID-19. D．Why people need to support the great cause.
【答案】
5．B 6．D 7．A 8．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了GivingTuesday的起源、发展以及在这一天人们做的慈善活动。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever heard about Black Friday and Cyber Monday? Surely, they are all about finding the best deals on holiday gifts for yourself and family members. And have you heard about GivingTuesday? Here is something about it!(你听说过黑色星期五和网络星期一吗？当然，他们都可以来为自己和家人找到最划算的节日礼物。你听说过“GivingTuesday”吗？这里有一些关于它的东西！)”可推知，作者在第一段提及Black Friday和Cyber Monday这两个节日是为了更好地引出文章的主题——GivingTuesday。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段中“GivingTuesday is observed annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving, which
encourages people to help those in need by making financial donations or doing good in their local community.(感恩节后的周二是一年一度的“给予星期二”，鼓励人们通过捐款或在当地社区做善事来帮助那些需要帮助的人)”可知，GivingTuesday旨在鼓励人们通过捐款或为他们所在的社区做好事来帮助那些需要帮助的人。故选D。
7．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“GivingTuesday is observed annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving, which encourages people to help those in need by making financial donations or doing good in their local community.”及画线词后文“In its first year, the movement brought in almost $ 10 million for charities”可知，GivingTuesday旨在鼓励人们通过捐款或为他们所在的社区做好事来帮助那些需要帮助的人，而在庆祝这个节日的第一年，这项活动为慈善机构带来了近1000万美元的捐款。由此可知，GivingTuesday的目的是帮助别人，所以画线词所在句表示GivingTuesday服务于一个更无私的目的。故画线词应意为“无私的”。A. Selfless.无私的；B. General.一般的；C. Specific.特殊的；D. Complex.复杂的。故选A。
8．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Though donating money certainly helps, there are many other ways to support the great cause, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. You can video tutor kids struggling with online learning, or team up with an adult to get groceries or medications for an elderly neighbor. Alternatively, call on your peers to help you with a service project that addresses an issue close to your heart, or pick one from the several ideas suggested on the GivingTuesday website. You can also donate your gently-used clothes and toys to local shelters, or mail a handwritten note to a grandparent or a friend you miss seeing.(捐款当然有帮助，但也有许多其他方式支持这项伟大的事业，特别是在新冠肺炎大流行期间。你可以通过视频指导在网上学习中遇到困难的孩子，或者与成年人合作，为年老的邻居购买杂货或药物。或者，让你的同龄人来帮助你解决一个你最关心的问题，或者从“给予星期二”网站上的几个建议中选择一个。你也可以把旧衣服和玩具捐给当地的收容所，或者给你没能见到的祖父母或朋友寄张手写的便条)”可知，第四段主要介绍了在新冠疫情期间，人们在GivingTuesday这一天，除了捐款还可以做的事情。故选B。
Passage 3 （2021·江苏高三三模） 限时：7'
With the social media freely available, I've realized how easy it is to become a jealous cow. The truth is that however much I remind myself of the many wonderful things I have in my life, there are still moments when I look at those around me and feel bitterly upset by their success.
It's a horrible thing to admit! In an ideal world, I'd never want to be jealous of another person's achievements and I'd want to celebrate the successes of my friends. But sometimes it's hard, even when we want to. But I don't want to live my life as a jealous cow, and I assume you don't either.
It's easier to celebrate other people's wins if you celebrate your own. How often do we take the time to enjoy our success rather than instantly move onto the next thing we want to achieve? Last year, I decided to write a book. It was the only professional goal I set for myself and, while it tired me out, I got there. But as soon as it was done, I started planning my next goal-making the book a success. As I saw other people publishing books, I stopped celebrating and instead began to fear that mine wouldn't compete.
When I told a friend how I was feeling, she reminded me how much easier it is to clap for someone else when we also clap for ourselves. So, I took myself out for lunch, ordered a glass of wine and wrote myself a congratulations card. When I saw all those other books being written on my social media, I felt proud of each and every one of us who had battled to the end of the word count.
The other trick for celebrating other people's success is to realize that there is no limit on success. We can make more, which means that while it might seem as if others have everything and we have nothing, the reality is that life turns quickly and our luck could change at any time. If others have achieved those things, we can too. When we celebrate others, we're acknowledging their achievements but also cheering for ourselves as well as for our hopes and dreams and our belief that we can make them happen. And hopefully, when we do, those people will cheer for us too.
9．What can we infer from Paragraph 1?
A．Social media is the source of the author's jealousy.
B．Frequent successes on social media encourage envy.
C．It is a pleasure to face others' successes on social media.
D．People tend to be crazy about immediate success online.
10．As far as the author is concerned,what should we do after achieving success?
A．Appreciate what's been done. B．Show it off on social media.
C．Reflect on gains and losses. D．Waite for others' congratulations.
11．One of the keys to removing jealousy lies in.
A．pursuing those achievable goals B．devoting yourself to the next goal
C．admitting personal incompetence D．changing your attitude to success
12．What is the best title for the passage?
A．I'm so happy for us! B．What a considerate friend!
C．I don't care about it! D．How selfless you can be!
【答案】
9．B 10．A 11．D 12．A
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者因为社交媒体中无处不在的成功，而变得容易嫉妒他人。因为他在日常生活中并不会这样，所以对此感到非常苦恼。最终在朋友的指导下，学会了庆祝自己的成功，破除心魔。
9．推理判断题。通过文章第一段“With the social media freely available, I've realized how easy it is to become a jealous cow. The truth is that however much I remind myself of the many wonderful things I have in my life, there are still moments when I look at those around me and feel bitterly upset by their success.（随着社交媒体的免费使用，我意识到成为嫉妒的牛是多么容易。事实是，尽管我经常提醒自己生命中有许多美好的事情，但仍有一些时刻，当我看着周围的人，为他们的成功感到痛苦不安。）”可推知，因为社交媒体的随处可及，导致别人的成功频繁出现在自己眼前，因此容易引起嫉妒。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。通过文章第三段“It's easier to celebrate other people's wins if you celebrate your own.（如果你庆祝自己的胜利，那就更容易庆祝别人的胜利。）”以及文章第四段“When I told a friend how I was feeling, she reminded me how much easier it is to clap for someone else when we also clap for ourselves.（当我告诉一个朋友我的感受时，她提醒我，当我们也为自己鼓掌时，为别人鼓掌是多么容易。）”可推知，想要为他人的成功感到高兴，得先学会为自己的成果庆祝，感谢我们自己所做的一切。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。通过文章第五段“The other trick for celebrating other people's success is to realize that there is no limit on success. We can make more, which means that while it might seem as if others have everything and we have nothing, the reality is that life turns quickly and our luck could change at any time.（庆祝别人成功的另一个技巧是要意识到成功是无限的。我们可以制造更多，这意味着，虽然看起来好像别人拥有一切，而我们什么都没有，但现实是，生活瞬变万化，我们的运气随时可能改变。）”可推知，消除嫉妒的方法之一是要意识到成功是没有限制的，之前会感到嫉妒的原因，是因为作者看到了别人成功，并且认为自己不会成功，实际上，我们的运气随时可能改变，要相信自己也可以成功，所以消除嫉妒的关键之一在于对成功态度的转变。故选D项。
12．主旨大意题。通过文章主旨大意以及文章第五段“When we celebrate others, we're acknowledging their achievements but also cheering for ourselves as well as for our hopes and dreams and our belief that we can make them happen. And hopefully, when we do, those people will cheer for us too.（当我们为他人庆祝时，我们是在承认他们的成就，同时也是在为自己喝彩，也为自己的希望、梦想和我们相信自己能实现它们而喝彩。希望到时候，那些人也会为我们欢呼。）”可知，最后作者认为，当我们为别人喝彩时，也是在为自己喝彩。A项“为我们感到高兴!”符合文意，最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
Passage 4（2021·新疆高三三模） 限时：7'
Steve Sparks was a young successful lawyer working for a famous law firm when his 3-year-old daughter’s serious leg problem changed his focus and the direction of his life. The problem led to many visits to doctors and an uncertain future. In a moment his life’s focus shifted from where he was going to take his clients to lunch to whether his daughter Katie was ever going to see her fourth birthday.
For three years Katie received many treatments in the hospital. And with the help of wonderful doctors and kind care-givers in Nemours Foundation, who Steve and his wife Michelle describe as heroes, Katie’s illness was cured.Forever changed by the experience and inspired by the heroes who saved his daughter’s life, Steve felt he couldn’t go back to business as usual. He felt there was something else he was meant to do. He joined the Nemours Foundation as their lawyer. The job change came with a 65% pay cut from what he was making, but Steve’s purpose had found him and it was more important than a paycheck.
Fast forward 18 years, Katie is now a healthy 20-year-old junior in college and Steve is the Senior Vice-president of the Nemours Foundation where he brings Kati story and his purpose to work every day.
In 3 weeks Steve will celebrate Katie’s 21st birthday, and give a big thank-you to Nemours by riding his bicycle from Nemours’ headquarters in Jacksonville, Florida to Wilmington, Delaware. He will ride more than 900 miles in 9 days and raise 100,000 for the Nemours Foundation. His purpose hasn’t just become a part of his work. It has become a part of himself and his family.
13．What’s the text mainly about?
A．A hospital saved a girl’s life. B．A girl going through a disease.
C．A man with a good purpose. D．A family suffered a lot.
14．Which word can take the place of the underlined word “cut” in Paragraph 3?
A．Injury. B．Reduction. C．Share. D．Hole.
15．What may be Steve’s purpose of life now?
A．To find his purpose. B．To cure his daughter.
C．To earn more money. D．To help others.
16．What can we learn from the text?
A．Sometimes we find our purpose and sometimes our purpose finds us.
B．Unless you work hard, you cannot overcome any difficulty.
C．Anyone who is kind to others deserves good returns.
D．Nothing is more important than health.
【答案】
13．C 14．B 15．D 16．A
【分析】
本篇是一篇记叙文。文章讲的一个成功的律师，女儿生病后得到来自社会各方的帮助和救助，怀着感恩之心，主人公毅然决然辞去了律师职务，加入到了从事公益救助、帮助他人的事业中。
13．主旨大意题。这篇文章共有五段，主要内容均围绕Steve Sparks 描述和介绍。再根据第一段“Steve Sparks was a young successful lawyer working for a famous law firm when his 3-year-old daughter’s serious leg problem changed his focus and the direction of his life. The problem led to many visits to doctors and an uncertain future. In a moment his life’s focus shifted from where he was going to take his clients to lunch to whether his daughter Katie was ever going to see her fourth birthday.(Steve Sparks是一位年轻成功的律师，在一家著名的律师事务所工作。当时，他三岁的女儿严重的腿部问题改变了他的生活重心和方向。这个问题导致了很多人去看医生和不确定的未来。在那一刻，他的生活重心从带客户去哪里吃午饭转移到了他的女儿Katie能否度过她的四岁生日)”可知，这篇文章讲述的是“一个有良好目的男人”。故选C。
14．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“but Steve’s purpose had found him and it was more important than a paychec
（但Steve的目标找到了他，这比薪水重要得多)”可知，Steve的薪水“减少了”。所以划线词的意思是“减少”。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段中“with the help of wonderful doctors and kind care-givers in Nemours Foundation, who Steve and his wife Michelle describe as heroes, Katie’s illness was cured（在内穆尔基金会出色的医生和善良的护理人员的帮助下，凯蒂的病被治愈了。史蒂夫和他的妻子米歇尔称他们是英雄)”；第三段中“Forever changed by the experience and inspired by the heroes who saved his daughter’s life, Steve felt he couldn’t go back to business as usual. He felt there was something else he was meant to do.(这段经历永远改变了他，那些拯救了他女儿生命的英雄们也给了他灵感，史蒂夫觉得自己不能再像以前一样工作了。他觉得他还有别的事要做)”；第四段中“Steve is the Senior Vice-president of the Nemours Foundation where he brings Katie’s story and his purpose to work every day.(史蒂夫是内穆尔基金会的高级副总裁，他每天都会把凯蒂的故事和他工作的目的带到基金会)”可知，史蒂夫现在的人生目标是“帮助别人”。故选D。
16．推理判断题。本篇文章讲的是“一个成功的律师，女儿生病后得到来自社会各方帮助和救助，怀着感恩之心，主人公毅然决然辞去了律师职务，加入到了从事公益救助的事业中。”通读后综合考量全文内容描述，再分别根据第三、四、五段的最后一句话描述“Steve’s purpose had found him and it was more important than a paycheck.；he brings Katie’s story and his purpose to work every day.；His purpose hasn’t just become a part of his work. It has become a part of himself and his family.(史蒂夫的目标找到了他，这比薪水更重要。他每天把凯蒂的故事和自己的目标带到工作中。它已经成为他自己和他家庭的一部分)”可知，有时我们找到了目标，有时我们的目标找到了我们。故选A。
B组
Passage 1 （2021·山东高三一模） 限时：7'
In an incredible display of compassion and kindness, a man from Turkey was spotted trying to warm a pigeon in the most creative way.
Sabahattin Yılmaz was at home one chilly day. After a rain shower had passed, he noticed something landed on the sill (窗台) outside his window—a cold and wet pigeon. The animal was trembling and soaked; it clearly didn’t have the chance to seek shelter before the rain began. Feeling for the poor pigeon, Yılmaz thought of a way to dry him off.
Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Yılmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird. Little did he know that his neighbor captured the whole moment on video. In the video, Yılmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon. The bird willingly let the man warm him up, crouching (蹲伏) to let his outer feathers dry.
Yılmaz told the media that he spent about fifteen minutes drying off the bird. He said he had just opened his window when he saw the pigeon around the corner of the sill. He described it as wet and “about to freeze” from the cold and rainy weather.
After fifteen minutes, Yılmaz gave the pigeon birdseed, which he ate happily. However, the bird remained wet still. “I saw that it was still there so I warmed it up again, after the pigeon recovered again, and after eating a good amount of seed, it flew away,” Yılmaz recalled.
He also didn’t know that he was being recorded at the time and that the video was shared online. He simply did it out of the kindness of his heart. “The pigeon is a living creature and deserved to continue living, that is why I did it,” he said.
1．What is the text mainly about?
A．An online video about a pigeon became a hit. B．A man warmed up a wet and cold pigeon.
C．A man invented a creative way to help birds. D．A man lives in harmony with a pigeon.
2．What was the bird’s reaction to Sabahattin Yılmaz’s behavior?
A．It was scared and flew away. B．It was annoyed and refused his help.
C．It was ready to accept his assistance. D．It was happy to settle in his home.
3．What can we see from the video?
A．A man was filming Yılmaz’s kindness.
B．A pigeon was jumping back and forth when dried off.
C．Yılmaz was warming a pigeon in a novel way.
D．Yilmaz was stretching his arms to catch a pigeon.
4．Which of the following words can best describe Sabahattin Yılmaz?
A．Indifferent but creative. B．Patient and ambitious.
C．Talented but careless. D．Sympathetic and warm-hearted.
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子Sabahattin Yılmaz被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In an incredible display of compassion and kindness, a man from Turkey was spotted trying to warm a pigeon in the most creative way.”（为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。）并结合全文的内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是一个人暖了一只又湿又冷的鸽子。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the video, Yılmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon. The bird willingly let the man warm him up, crouching (蹲伏) to let his outer feathers dry.”（在视频中，可以看到Yılmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。小鸟很乐意让他暖和起来，蹲着让他外面的羽毛晾干。）可知，这只鸟对Sabahattin Yılmaz的行为表明它准备接受他的帮助。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Yılmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird. Little did he know that his neighbor captured the whole moment on video. In the video, Yılmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon.”（Yılmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。他不知道的是，他的邻居拍下了整个过程。在视频中，可以看到Yılmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。）可知，我们能从视频中看到Yılmaz正在用一种新奇的方式给鸽子加热。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Yılmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird.（Yılmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。）”第四段第一句“Yılmaz told the media that he spent about fifteen minutes drying off the bird.（Yılmaz告诉媒体，他花了大约15分钟把鸟晾干。）”和第五段第一句“After fifteen minutes, Yılmaz gave the pigeon birdseed, which he ate happily.（十五分钟后，Yılmaz给了鸽子食，他吃得很开心。）”可知，用“同情和热心的”最能描述Sabahattin Yılmaz。故选D。
Passage 2（2021·河北衡水第一中学高三三模） 限时：7'
The warm coast of California is a place where many western monarch butterflies stay during the cold winter months in the United States. Researchers fear the record low number of monarchs this year could mean the insects are in danger of disappearing in the near future.
Researchers from the Xerces Society said they found fewer than 2,000 orange-and-black butterflies in the yearly count this January. That number showed a big drop from the tens of thousands in recent years. In the 1980s, there were millions of them in trees from Northern California’s Marin County to San Diego County near the Mexico border. Last winter, it recorded around 29,000 butterflies in its yearly survey. That was similar to the winter before, when an all-time low of 27,000 monarchs was counted.
Every winter, western monarch butterflies fly south from the northwestern U. S. to California. At the start of November, they arrive in California, often going to the same places and even the same trees. Once warmer weather arrives in March, the monarchs begin their journey back north, stopping somewhere along the route to lay eggs. After egg-laying, the adult butterflies die and the northward migration (迁徙) is continued by their new generations. Thus the monarch butterflies disperse across the country.
Scientists say there are several causes for the extremely low numbers of butterflies in the western states. Homebuilding and chemical use have destroyed milkweed plants along their migratory path. The plants are needed for monarch butterflies to grow and develop, which is the only food monarchs will eat and the only place they will lay their eggs on. Climate change influences the growth of wild plants. And huge wildfires in the west may also have influenced their migration.
Luckily, some public campaigns have encouraged people to plant milkweed in their yards and cities. People can also help scientists collect data, which is critical for developing conservation policies to protect monarchs. Then there are many larger — scale efforts to protect habitats and better manage land for reproduction.
5．How does the author develop paragraph 2?
A．By making classifications. B．By citing statistics.
C．By explaining definitions. D．By analysing cause and effect.
6．What does the underlined word “disperse" in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Spread. B．Gather. C．Disappear. D．Hide.
7．Which word best describes monarch butterflies' relationship with milkweed?
A．Inseparable. B．Independent. C．Unstable. D．Unfriendly.
8．What's the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．Monarch butterflies' life habits. B．Monarch butterflies' living habitats.
C．Efforts to preserve monarch butterflies. D．Threats to monarch butterflies' survival.
【答案】
5．B 6．A 7．A 8．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了今年帝王蝶的数量创历史新低，这可能意味着这种昆虫在不久的将来有消失的危险。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“fewer than 2,000 orange-and-black butterflies”“a big drop from the tens of thousands”“millions of them”“around 29,000 butterflies”“low of 27,000 monarchs”多处数量说明帝王蝶的数量减少。由此可知，本段主要通过引用数字来展开的。故选B项。
6．词义猜测题。根据第3段的首句“Every winter, western monarch butterflies fly south from the northwestern U. S. to California.(每年冬天，西部帝王蝶从美国西北部向南飞到加利福尼亚)”和第4句“After egg-laying, the adult butterflies die and the northward migration is continued by their new generations.(产卵后，成年蝴蝶死亡，新的一代继续向北迁徙)”可知，由北到南都会有帝王蝶。由此可知，帝王蝶将会遍布在全国。故选A项。
7．推理判断题。根据第4段的第3句“ The plants are needed for monarch butterflies to grow and develop, which is the only food monarchs will eat and the only place they will lay their eggs on.(这些植物是帝王蝶生长发育所需要的，这是帝王蝶唯一的食物，也是它们产卵的唯一地方)”说明乳草属植物和帝王蝶的关系是密不可分的。故选A项。
8．主旨大意题。根据文章的最后一句“Then there are many larger — scale efforts to protect habitats and better manage land for reproduction. (此外，还有许多更大规模的努力来保护栖息地，更好地管理繁殖用地)”可知，本段讲的是保护帝王蝶所做出的的努力。故选C项。
【点睛】
段落大意题目是阅读理解题中常见题目，对于此类问题要先看该段落有无主旨句，一般主旨句位于段首或短尾。比如本文的第8题，主旨句位于段尾。因此，很容易就选出C项为正确选项。
Passage 3（2021·江西高三二模） 限时：7'
A new product from Google may help people solve their sleep problems, but some privacy rights groups are concerned.
Google showed off its newest Nest Hub home assistant device on Tuesday. In addition to recognizing your voice, showing pictures, videos, news and weather, it can also track your sleep. The basic model costs about $100 and the sleep-tracking technology will be available for free for the rest of 2021. The sleep tracker makes Google’s product different from a similar home assistant from Amazon. If you put the Nest Hub beside your bed, it can follow how you sleep. That is because of a new computer chip called Soli, which can sense motion. Some people may like the new technology because they would not have to wear another device to bed. Some companies make products people can wear on their wrist to track their sleep.
Google says the new Nest Hub will create reports each week that show how long and how well a person sleeps. It will also show if they snore, cough or wake up often. The company said it studied 15,000 people over the course of 110,000 nights to develop the technology.
For people who want to know more about their sleep, the device sounds like a good idea. But, people who pay attention to privacy are worried what Google might do with the information it is gathering. Jeff Chester is one of those people. He is the director of the Center for Digital Democracy. “Google’s goal is to monetize every cell of your body,” he said.
Google recently bought FitBit, a company that makes a health tracker people can wear on their wrist. Some technology experts think Google may find a way for the Nest Hub to work with the FitBit.
Google says the sleep tracker has a lot of privacy protections. For example, it will only work if the user turns it on. The company said it will not use a person’s sleep information to try to sell advertising. But Chester said he is not so sure that promise will be kept.
9．Which is true about the Google’s new Nest Hub?
A．It’s the first device to track people’s sleep. B．It has some functions as a home assistant.
C．It can be available for free for the rest of 2021. D．It is the same as a health tracker produced by FitBit.
10．Why are some people concerned about the Google’s new product?
A．Because private information may be let out. B．Because the sleeping problems can’t be solved.
C．Because sleep may be interrupted. D．Because sleeping reports may be created each week.
11．What does the underlined word mean?
A．Make money on. B．Keep track of. C．Take care of. D．Give away.
12．What’s the best title of the text?
A．Google’s New Soli B．Google’s sleep problem solver
C．Google’s Newest Nest Hub D．A Sleep Tracker
【答案】
9．B 10．A 11．A 12．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了谷歌的最新设备NestHub，跟踪用户睡眠是它的功能之一，一些隐私权组织对此表示担忧。
9． 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Google showed off its newest Nest Hub home assistant device on Tuesday. In
addition to recognizing your voice, showing pictures, videos, news and weather, it can also track your sleep.(谷歌周二展示了最新的NestHub家庭助理设备。除了识别你的声音，显示图片，视频，新闻和天气，它还可以跟踪你的睡眠)”可知， 谷歌最新的NestHub有一些家庭助理的功能。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段的“But, people who pay attention to privacy are worried what Google might do with the information it is gathering.(但是，关注隐私的人担心谷歌会如何处理它收集的信息)”可知，一些人担心该设备会泄漏个人信息，即泄露个人隐私。故选A。
11．词句猜测题。根据第四段的“But, people who pay attention to privacy are worried what Google might do with the information it is gathering.(但是，关注隐私的人担心谷歌会如何处理它收集的信息)”和最后一段的“The company said it will not use a person’s sleep information to try to sell advertising.(该公司表示，不会利用一个人的睡眠信息来卖广告)”可知，一些人担心自己的睡眠信息会被谷歌公司用来赚钱。而且Jeff是担心隐私泄露者中的一员，由此推知划线词所在句子意为“谷歌的目标是让你身体的每一个细胞都为它赚钱”，即划线词意为“靠……挣钱”，与make money on同义。故选A。
12．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的“Google showed off its newest Nest Hub home assistant device on Tuesday. In addition to recognizing your voice, showing pictures, videos, news and weather, it can also track your sleep.(谷歌周二展示了最新的NestHub家庭助理设备。除了识别你的声音，显示图片，视频，新闻和天气，它还可以跟踪你的睡眠)”结合下文对该设备的介绍，可知本文主要介绍谷歌最新的Nest Hub。故“谷歌最新的Nest Hub”可以作为最佳标题。故选C。
Passage 4 （2021·河南高三三模） 限时：6'
Have you ever loved a destination but couldn’t figure out why — or even a way ——to express your feelings? That’s my dilemma with Morocco.
In August, I traveled in a country that had long been, on my wish list. I rode a camel, got lost in Medinas, and ate more couscous (粗麦粉) than was humanly possible.
I loved the trip. Our friendly guide introduced us to the helpful locals. I made friends with my tour mates and my roommate (which, on a tour, is a huge blessing). I loved being lost in the smell of different spices, and the chaos of millions of people and the dark red of the Sahara were all I wanted them to be.
There were many moments when I felt like a fish out of water and things didn’t go my way. But I take pleasure in those moments because it’s when you are pushed out of your comfort zone that you grow. Morocco lived up to all my expectations, but for some reason, my experience has been hard to express. Why?
One constant in my travels is that of a touchstone, one defining point where the trip all comes together and acts as a prism (三棱镜) for everything the journey represented . In Costa Rica，it was getting lost in a jungle. In Thailand, it was meeting those five people who changed my life.
I’m so inconsistent about Morocco because I lack that touchstone. There’s no “whoa” moment. But I have thousands of little ones - staring at a million stars in the blackness of the desert, discovering new foods with some amazing Australians on my tour, and befriending the fish sellers.
13．What does the author regard as a huge blessing?
A．Going on a guided trip. B．Having a helpful guide.
C．Being warmly received by the local people. D．Getting along well with the fellow travelers.
14．What’s the purpose of the fifth paragraph?.
A．To prove Morocco lacks the touchstone. B．To show his reliance on the touchstone.
C．To compare Morocco with Costa Rica and Thailand. D．To share his experience in Costa Rica and Thailand.
15．What made the author think the journey amazing?
A．The lack of big moments. B．The little “whoa” moments.
C．Meeting with five Thai people. D．Making friends with Australians.
16．What does the author mainly talk about?
A．Unpleasant travel in Morocco. B．Finding a touchstone on travel.
C．Reflection on traveling in Morocco. D．Lack of special moments in Morocco.
【答案】
13．D 14．B 15．B 16．C
【分析】
本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己的摩洛哥之行的感想。作者喜欢这次旅行，经历了很多，交了很多朋友，旅行给作者带来很多惊喜和收获。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段的“I made friends with my tour mates and my roommate (which, on a tour, is a huge blessing).( 我和我的旅行伙伴和室友交朋友（在一次旅行中，这是一件巨大的祝福）)”可知作者把与同行的人相处的很好看作是巨大的祝福事。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第五段的内容“One constant in my travels is that of a touchstone, one defining point where the trip all comes together and acts as a prism (三棱镜) for everything the journey represented . In Costa Rica，it was getting lost in a jungle. In Thailand, it was meeting those five people who changed my life.( 在我的旅行中，不变的是试金石，一个定义点，在这个定义点上，旅行把所有的聚集在一起，为这次旅程呈现出来的一切充当一个三棱镜。在哥斯达黎加，在丛林中迷路了。在泰国，遇到了那五个改变了我生活的人。)”可知，本段主要讲的是作者对于touchstone (标准，试金石)的看法，展示了作者对试金石的依赖。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I’m so inconsistent about Morocco because I lack that touchstone. There’s no “whoa” moment. But I have thousands of little ones - staring at a million stars in the blackness of the desert, discovering new foods with some amazing Australians on my tour, and befriending the fish sellers.( 我对摩洛哥的看法很不一致，因为我缺乏那个试金石。没有“哇”的时刻。但我有成千上万的小的试金石——在黑暗的沙漠中盯着一百万颗星星，在我的旅行中和一些令人惊奇的澳大利亚人一起发现了新的食物，并和卖鱼者成为了朋友。)”可知，令作者旅行惊叹的并不是时刻，而是那些little ones ( 微小的事情)， 故选B。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文以及第一段最后一句“ that is my dilemma with Morocco(那就是我对摩洛哥的进退两难)”可知文章主要讲述的是作者在摩洛哥旅行时的感想，故选C。