08+写作策略突破必背-备战2022年高考英语考前必背(通用版)

备战2022年高考英语考前必背(通用版)英语写作高分亮点表达技巧简单句式奠定语言基础1. 主谓(SV): 主语+谓语(不及物动词)此句式用来表达主语的动作或状态。其特点是句子的谓语动词为不及物动词, 本身能表达完整的意思, 可以根据意思表达的需要添加副词、介词短语、状语从句等。①上午七点钟, 我们从学校大门口出发。At 7 a. m.  we started at the school gate.  ②几分钟后, 那只黑熊回来了。A few minutes later,  the black bear came back.  2. 主系表(SVP): 主语+系动词+表语此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样, 其中谓语动词需用系动词, 表语多是形容词, 也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式或动名词等。①这次比赛的目的是鼓励我们学生多关注身体锻炼。The purpose of this race was to inspire us students to pay more attention to physical exercise.  ②我的英语老师对我们既严格又有爱心。My English teacher is both strict with us and full of love for us.   3. 主谓宾(SVO): 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语此句式的特点为谓语动词均为及物动词, 其后必须接一个宾语, 即动作的承受者, 才能表达完整的意思。宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或不定式、宾语从句等。①我们的表演需要您的指导。We need your guidance on our performance.  ②中国拥有悠久的历史和丰富的文化。China enjoys a long history and rich culture.  4. 主谓宾宾(SVOO): 主语+谓语+间宾+直宾此句式中的谓语动词必须接两个宾语才能表达完整意思, 其中一个是表示人的间接宾语, 另一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般情况下间接宾语在前, 直接宾语在后。①她表扬了约翰的提议并给他提供了一些建议。She praised John for his proposal,  and offered him some advice.  ②自从我们上高中以来, 他一直教我们英语。He has been teaching us English since we entered senior high school.  5. 主谓宾补(SVOC): 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语此句式中的谓语动词虽然是及物动词, 但只接一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须再加一个成分对宾语进行补充说明才能使句子意思完整。宾语补足语可以由名词、动词、形容词、副词、动词-ing、动词不定式或动词的过去分词等充当。①我们决定以优秀同学为榜样, 让我们自己对整个社会更有用。We are determined to follow the examples of our excellent schoolmates and make ourselves useful to the whole society.  ②最后, 那头熊在篱笆上撕了个洞, 把头伸了进来。At last,  the bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in.  6. There be 句型There be 句型用来表达某处存在某人或某物, 其基本结构是“There be +主语”, 动词be的人称和数要和后面的主语保持一致。①在我们周围有许多值得尊重的人。There are many respectable people around us.  ②有一条小河流经这家农场。There is a small river flowing through the farm.  高级词汇确保语言生动1. 替换常用简单词(1)名词变身机会chance→opportunity选择choice→alternative课程course→curriculum影响effect→influence/impact后果result→consequence缺点shortcoming→drawback方法way→approach职业job→career/profession建议advice→guidance问题problem→issue老人old people→the elderly/the aged/senior citizens青少年young people→youngsters/youths/adolescents几天前a few days ago→the other day(2)动词变身看见see→catch sight of遇见meet→come across喜欢like→have a passion for/be fond of/have an affection for引起cause→lead to/result in/give rise to拥有have→possess提高develop/improve→promote替代replace→substitute注意到notice→spot完成finish→accomplish面对face→be faced with/be confronted with容忍bear→tolerate/put up with处理deal with→cope with使某人意识到make sb.  realize→raise sb. ‘s awareness of决定decide→determine/make up one’s mind考虑consider→take into consideration/account应该should→be supposed to理解understand→make sense of/figure out续表使用use→employ/make use of/take advantage of道歉apologize→make an apology记住remember→keep in mind发生happen→occur/come about想起think of→occur to/come up with感谢thank→appreciate帮助某人help sb. →do sb.  a favor节省save→set aside参观visit→pay a visit to分发hand out→distribute站起来stand up→rise to one’s feet由……组成be made up of→consist of习惯于be used to→be accustomed to一定be sure to do→be bound to do反对be against→object to厌烦be bored with→be fed up with忙于be busy with→be occupied with/be engaged in闻名be famous for→have a reputation for感到舒服feel comfortable→feel at ease美化校园make the school beautiful→beautify the school想做某事want to do sth. →intend/desire to do sth. 照看look after→attend to尽力做某事try one’s best to do sth. →spare no effort to do sth. 向某人寻求帮助ask sb.  for help→turn to sb.  for help(3)形容词变身令人惊奇的surprising→amazing/astonishing/shocking贫穷的poor→needy/poverty/stricken优秀的excellent→outstanding明显的obvious→apparent/evident常见的common→universal充足的enough→adequate勤奋的hard-working→diligent可用的useable→available困难的difficult→challenging坚强的strong→tough重要的important→significant/vital不可能的impossible→out of the question有趣的interesting→absorbing→striking/appealing小心谨慎的careful→cautious幸运的lucky→fortunate巨大的large→enormous合适的proper→appropriate丰富的rich→abundant古老的old→ancient唯一的only→unique全部的whole→entire富裕的rich→wealthy许多的many→a large quantity of有空的free→available有益处的be useful→be of benefit高兴的glad→delighted激动的excited→thrilled坏的bad→disgusting/awful著名的famous→distinguished(4)其他词类变身突然suddenly→all of a sudden立即immediately→in a flash有时sometimes→occasionally/once in a while/from time to time另外; 况且besides→in addition/what’s more/moreover因此so→therefore第一; 首先first→to begin with/start with第二; 其次second→in addition/what’s more最终finally→eventually关于about→concerning也too→as well否则or→otherwise事实上in fact→as a matter of fact故意地on purpose→by design/deliberately总之in a word→to sum up/in conclusion/in summary因为because of→on account of/due to/owing to/thanks to例句：①The special day allows people to show their love and affection for(对……表达爱和情感) their fathers.  ②It’s advisable/wise(是明智的)for people to use their cell-phones more appropriately/properly(更恰当地).  ③Without sufficient preparation(没有充分准备),  you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly and obtain satisfactory marks, let alone be admitted into a desirable university(梦想的大学).  ④Tracy said she had already informed Susan of(通知苏珊) the change of the appointment.  ⑤People generally thought it impossible for the Chinese team to win the championship in the Rio Olympic Games, but they overcame many hurdles(克服许多障碍) and eventually worked miracles/wonders(最终创造了奇迹).  ⑥Drama Night is scheduled to (预定)be held on the evening of next Friday in the theatre hall.  ⑦Additionally(此外), having been awarded scholarship twice in our school, I have excellent academic performance(极好的学术成就).  ⑧This phenomenon has become a concern/focus (成为焦点)we must face today because of many serious consequences (许多严重后果)caused by improper use of cell-phones.  2. 变化所用词的词性在作文中,  可以通过改变一个词的词性, 使文章富有变化,  让阅卷者感受到考生对词汇各种用法的掌握水平和灵活运用的程度。常见的变化词性的策略有名词变动词、动词变名词、形容词变名词等。(1)名词变动词People are concerned about the gradual disappearance of the traditional values. →People are concerned because the traditional values are gradually disappearing.  传统价值观正在渐渐地消亡,  这让人们很担忧。(2)动词变名词After watching his performance,  I found he could really dance very well.  →After watching his performance,  I found him a really good dancer. 看了他的表演之后,  我发现他跳舞跳得很棒。 (3)形容词变名词I wrote a letter to Tom to thank him for his being so kind. →I wrote a letter to Tom to thank him for his kindness. 我写信给汤姆对他的善良表示感谢。 3. 善用短语汉语高级短语努力struggle for=strive for=spare no efforts for从事embark on=set about=go in for在当代in contemporary society=in present-day society=in this day and age大量的a host of=a great number of=a large amount of更糟糕的是what’s worse=worse still=to make matters worse遇见; 偶遇meet=run into=come across=meet with依我看in my opinion=as far as I’m concerned=from my point of view除了……之外(还有)besides=in addition to=apart from=as well as=along with一方面, 另一方面on one hand, on the other hand=for one thing, for another thing高度评价think highly of=sing high praise for=think well of把……考虑在内take. . . into consideration=take. . . into account有资格的; 有能力的; 胜任的 be fit for=be equal to=be qualified for=be competent in参加take part in/participate in一些如何……的建议some advice/tips/suggestions on how to. . . 对……感到紧张feel nervous/anxious about克服紧张; 缓解焦虑ease/overcome/get over nervousness/relieve anxiety树立信心; 对自己有信心 build up confidence/have confidence in yourself/be confident about yourself对……有益的 be of great benefit=be beneficial to对……有害的; 对……有损害的 do harm to/do damage to=be harmful to接触到; 有机会使用gain/have access to=be accessible to对……(不)方便的be convenient/inconvenient for sb. to do=bring convenience/inconvenience to sb. 对……有影响/作用have an effect/influence/impact on. . . /make a difference to sb. 例句：①From my point of view(我认为), it’s true that cell-phones bring us lots of benefits and convenience, but only when they’re used more appropriately(恰当地) can they serve us better.  ②All my teachers and classmates sing high praise for my proficiency(高度赞扬我的熟练) in both Chinese and English.  ③Taking all your requirements into account/consideration(考虑到你的全部要求), I firmly believe I’m the right person you’re looking for.  ④As for accommodation, I prefer to live with a local family because I want to improve my English and experience authentic American culture close up(近距离体验真实的美国文化).  ⑤You are optimistic about life and always have confidence, whatever difficulty you may encounter(遇见), which helps you stand out among the classmates. ⑥With the improvement of people’s living standards(随着人们生活水平的提高), cell-phones are flooding into our life.  ⑦We are sorry for any inconvenience that we’ll bring to you(给您带来的不便). Thanks for your understanding.  ⑧Nowadays, the smart phones have found their way to every family and are playing a very important role in our life. They are beneficial to us in many ways. However, they also do harm to us mentally and physically(有害于我们的身心健康).  ⑨In addition, seldom do I have time to keep my parents company, so I decide to help my parents with some housework to release/ease/lessen/reduce their pressure(缓解他们的压力), which I think is of benefit to enhancing the relationship(加强关系) between my family members.  复杂句式增添语言内涵1. 句子形式多样化: 根据表达的需求, 可以采用多种句式, 这样既能恰当表达, 又能避免形式单一① In recent years, more and more people start to protect our environment, which makes our environment more and more colorful. →In recent years, with more and more people starting to protect our environment, our environment is becoming more and more colorful. (with复合结构) →In recent years, there are so many people who start to protect our environment that our environment is becoming more and more colorful. (there be 句式) ②If you study hard, you will make rapid progress. →Study hard and you will make rapid progress. (并列句) 2. 使用非谓语动词形式, 句子凝练高端①She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. (非谓语动词)→She walked out of the lab, followed by many students.  ②They sang and laughed as they went back to school. (非谓语动词)→They went back to school, singing and laughing.  3. 运用定语从句, 增加细节, 填补内容①You’d better make full preparations before class and have a brief understanding of the history of Tang Dynasty, which makes it easy for you to go through the class(使你容易通过这门课).  ②Besides, there will be a lot of useful and interesting activities, from which you can have a clearer picture of Chinese culture(从中你对中国文化会有更清晰的认识).  ③I have found a flat for you on Fangcao Street near Jianxin Chinese school. It is on the third floor with three rooms, one of which is bedroom(其中一个是卧室), and the other two are bathroom and kitchen.  4. 巧用倒装, 增强句子的表现力①Though I’m weak, I’ll make the effort. (倒装)→Weak as/though I am, I’ll make the effort.  ②He had no sooner come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad. (倒装)→No sooner had he come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad.  5. 恰当使用强调句, 增强说服力①He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper. (强调句)→It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.  ②It is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made my work more efficient. (强调句) 6. 自如应用各种名词性从句, 精彩纷呈①To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things. (主语从句)→What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.  ②I have just found that I have to attend an important meeting that afternoon(我那天下午得参加一个重要会议).  7. with or without精彩点缀, 妙不可言①As an old saying goes, living without a clear and achievable aim(没有清晰可达到的目标) is like sailing without a compass.  ②I can’t thank you enough for your generous help, without which I couldn’t have made such great progress(没有这些帮助我不能获得这么大的进步).  8. 巧用副词, 充分表情达意①She patiently(耐心地) explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them. ②We were perfectly(完全地) satisfied with the result of the experiment. 9. 变主动为被动, 凸显英语思维①At most five books can be borrowed(可以被借用) at a time and they can be kept(可以保存) for ten days.  ②You are allowed (被允许)about ten minutes to prepare for the work.  10. 语气委婉而中肯, 易于接受①I wonder if you could tell me(你能否告诉我) what books I need to read and the requirements of my homework.  ②What do you think of it?  Are you satisfied with it?  If not, please tell me as quickly as possible(请尽快告诉我).  起承转合增添语篇连贯　　完成了审题的过程,  有了具体要点和整体布局后,  就要整合信息点,  让庞杂的内容变得富有逻辑性和层次感。在句与句内在衔接的基础上,  做到段落间的起承转合,  使文章有整体性、连贯性。学会正确使用连接词、衔接句,  能为写作助一臂之力。Ⅰ. 用好连接词在句与句之间、段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接性词语是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。连接性词语归纳如下: 1. 起始关系: to begin with, first of all, as we all know, as is known, as is shown in. . . , according to 等。As we all know, good learning habits contribute to efficient study. 2. 时间顺序: at the beginning, then, later, finally, at last, in the end, afterwards, since then, after that, immediately, meanwhile等。At the beginning, I collected all the things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture. After that, I mopped the floor. 3. 条件关系: if,  unless,  in case(of), as/so long as,  on condition that,  provided(that)等。I would be very grateful if you could meet my uncle at the airport. 4. 转折关系: but, yet, however, while, otherwise, on the contrary, nevertheless等。However, not until the match was over did we realize that we lost it. 5. 因果关系: because, as, since, for, thanks to, due to, as a result of, so, therefore, as a result/consequence等。Therefore, there is no reason for us to look down upon ordinary jobs. 6. 并列关系: and, or, as well as, not only. . . but also. . . , either. . . or. . . , not. . . but. . . , neither. . . nor. . . 等。We will have a good time there and I will send you some photos taken there. 7. 递进关系: besides, what’s more, moreover, furthermore, what’s worse, still less, to make matters worse, worse still, more importantly等。Many of them can hardly look after themselves, still less manage their own lives. 8. 列举事实: such as, for example/instance, take. . . for example, that is to say, as follows, in other words, on the one hand. . . on the other hand. . . , for one thing. . . for another. . . 等。On the one hand, I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents; on the other hand, I can gain some experience from it, which will do good to my future life. 9. 表示观点: in my opinion, in my view, from my point of view, as far as I am concerned, as for me, personally等。 As far as I am concerned, they stand for love, friendship and unity. 10. 总结: in short, in brief, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, all in all, on the whole, in general, generally speaking等。All in all, traveling is the best choice for us to enrich our lives and get ready for the new challenges. Ⅱ. 写好衔接句1. 引出开头It is well known to us that. . .  我们都知道……As far as my knowledge is concerned. . .  据我所知……Recently the problem of. . .  has been brought into focus.  =Nowadays there is growing concern over the problem of. . .  最近……问题引起了关注2. 表达不同观点People’s views on. . .  vary from person to person.  Some hold that. . .  However,  others believe that. . .  People may have different opinions on. . .  人们对……可能会持有不同见解3. 表示结尾In short,  it can be said that. . . 总之,  ……意思是……From what has been mentioned above,  we can come to the conclusion that. . . 从上面提到的,  我们可以得出结论……4. 提出建议It is high time that we put an end to the trend.  该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。Only in this way can we. . . 只有这样,  我们才能……。5. 预示后果Obviously,  if we don’t control the problem,  the chances are that. . .  will lead us in danger.  6. 表示观点As far as I am concerned/In my opinion. . . 就我来说……7. 给出原因或顺序For one thing,  . . .  for another thing,  . . .  On the one hand,  . . . on the other hand. . . 一方面……另一方面……