卷04+时态语态-【小题仿真卷】冲刺2022年高考英语小题限时集训

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小题仿真卷——模实战，提速度【小题小卷】冲刺2022年高考英语小题限时集训（解析版）专题04 时态语态A组难度：★★★★☆            建议用时： 30分钟              正确率 ：      /40单句语法填空1.When the light ________ (appear), Rjukan residents gathered together.2. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ________ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.3．I ________ (make) up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.4．(2021·山西省运城市高三调研考试)Instead of wearing masks or practicing social distancing, students ________ (place) into “bubbles” when they return to school this fall.5．China's high­speed railways _______ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.6．(2021·重庆市第一中学高三上学期第一次月考)If you ask different people, you ________ (provide) with different answers.7．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ (trap) in the mountains for two days.8．My washing machine ________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.9．I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ________ (carry) out in the past two years.10．(2021·江苏省淮安地区五校高三联合调研)When a disease breaks out, people often focus on the public health response and the official naming of a new virus ________ (delay)．11．Instead of getting down to a new task as I ________ (expect), he examined the previous work again.12．(2021·河南省南阳市第一中学高三上学期第二次月考)Large quantities of money ________ (send) to the earthquake victims to date.13．(2021·北京首师大附中高三第一次月考)This all changed suddenly when all of northern China ________ (destroy)  by war.14．Since 2011, the country ________ (grow) more corn than rice.15．Susan had quit her well­paid job and ________ (work) as a volunteer in the neighbourhood when I visited her last year.答案及解析：1．When the light ________ (appear), Rjukan residents gathered together.答案：appeared　解析：句意：当光出现的时候，尤坎居民就聚集到一起。根据主句中的gathered可知，从句也应用一般过去时，故填appeared。2.While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ________ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.答案：is　解析：根据空白处前面的“can't make”和“says”可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，故填is。3.I ________ (make) up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.答案：had made解析：句意：我已经决定了在研讨会上要说什么，但是，研讨会被取消了。“make up one's mind”这个行为发生在研讨会被取消之前，根据“it was cancelled”可知，研讨会被取消是过去的事情，故该句应用过去完成时。4．(2021·山西省运城市高三调研考试)Instead of wearing masks or practicing social distancing, students ________ (place) into “bubbles” when they return to school this fall.答案：will be placed　解析：句意：今年秋天，当学生回到学校时，他们不会戴口罩或练习保持社交距离，而是会被安置进入“泡泡”。谓语动词place与主语students之间是被动关系，根据时间状语从句when they return to school this fall可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be placed。5．答案：have grown解析：句意：在过去的几年里，中国高铁的里程已经从9,000公里上升到25,000公里了。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知，本句使用现在完成时。6．(2021·重庆市第一中学高三上学期第一次月考)If you ask different people, you ________ (provide) with different answers.答案：will be provided　解析：设空处为主句谓语，if引导的条件状语从句适用“主将从现”原则，从句是一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，主句主语you和provide之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be provided。7．答案：had been trapped解析：句意：一个救援者冒着生命危险拯救了两个已经被困在大山里两天的游客。主句的谓语risked是一般过去时，trap “困”应该是发生在risked之前的动作，故使用过去完成时；同时这些游客是被困在大山里，故使用被动语态。8．答案：is being repaired　解析：句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修理中，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句“so I have to wash my clothes by hand”可知，洗衣机正在修理中，且My washing machine与repair之间为被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。9．答案：had been carried　解析：句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看在过去的两年里发展计划是如何被执行的。根据句中时间状语“last month”和“in the past two years”可知用过去完成时，又因plan与carry out之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。10．(2021·江苏省淮安地区五校高三联合调研)When a disease breaks out, people often focus on the public health response and the official naming of a new virus ________ (delay)．答案：is delayed解析：句意：当一种疾病爆发时，人们往往把注意力集中在公共卫生应对上，而官方对一种新病毒的命名则被推迟。设空处应是句子谓语，与主语之间为被动关系，结合句意可知为一般现在时，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is delayed。11．答案：had expected解析：句意：他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处描述的动作发生在examined之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。12．(2021·河南省南阳市第一中学高三上学期第二次月考)Large quantities of money ________ (send) to the earthquake victims to date.答案：have been sent解析：句意：迄今为止，已向地震灾民提供了大量的资金。由large quantities of可知，谓语动词需要用复数。to date (迄今)与现在完成时连用。money和send之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动结构。故填have been sent。13．(2021·北京首师大附中高三第一次月考)This all changed suddenly when all of northern China ________ (destroy)  by war.答案：was destroyed　解析：句意：当中国整个北方遭受战争的蹂躏时，这一切突然发生了变化。本句为一般过去时，主语all of northern China与谓语destroy为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态was destroyed。14．答案：has grown　解析：由since可知，此处应用现在完成时。15．答案：was working　解析：句意：当我去年拜访她的时候，苏珊辞掉了薪资优厚的工作并且正在社区担任志愿者。因为拜访这一动作发生在过去而那时苏珊正在做社区志愿者，故用过去进行时。 语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The first zoo 1             (establish) around 3,500 years ago by an Egyptian queen for her personal enjoyment. Five hundred years later，a Chinese emperor 2             (build) a huge zoo to show his power and wealth. Later zoos were set up for the purpose of studying animals.Some of the early European zoos 3             (consist) of dark holes or dirty cages，the bad conditions of which made people disgusted. Later the zoos 4             (replace) by research centers and animals there were studied and 5               (keep) in good condition. These places became the first modern zoos. As early as the 1940s, scientists 6                (understand) that many kinds of wild animals faced extinction. Since then，zoos 7             (try) to save many endangered species，but relying on zoos 8             (save) species is not enough. The best method of protection is to leave them in their natural habitat.Today animals in large and natural reserves are fed a balanced diet and 9             (watch) carefully for any sign of disease. With specially trained keepers looking after them and some hospitals where they can receive treatment when ill，all the animals there live a comfortable life. Anyway，it is true that zoo breeding programs have played an important role in 10             (protect) many species of wildlife.1. was established。此题考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：大约3500年前，埃及女王为她的个人享受而建立了第一个动物园。时间状语around 3,500 years ago表明谓语发生在过去，用过去时态，主语the first zoo和谓语动词establish是被动关系，故填was established.2. built。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：五百年后，一个中国皇帝建造了一个巨大的动物园来展示他的力量和财富。句中时间状语Five hundred years later是过去时态的时间状语，谓语需要用过去式，故填built.3. consisted。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意： 一些早期的欧洲动物园由暗洞或肮脏的笼子组成，恶劣的条件使人们厌恶。本句话的语境是过去，谓语动词用过去式。故填consisted.4. were replaced。此题考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：后来，动物园被研究中心取代，那里的动物被研究并保持良好。主语the zoo和谓语动词replace是被动关系，并且是过去时态，故填were replaced.5. kept。此题考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：同上。animals there were studied and 5________是并列关系，故填kept.6. understood。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：早在20世纪40年代，科学家们就认识到理解许多种类的野生动物面临灭绝。As early as the 1940s是过去时态的时间状语，谓语需要用过去式, 故填understood.7. have been trying。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意： 从那以后，动物园一直在努力拯救许多濒危物种。 时间状语Since then“自从那以后”，谓语常用现在完成时，再根据具体语境，表示谓语动词一直在持续进行，谓语需要用现在完成进行时。故填have been trying.8. to save。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：从那以后，动物园一直在努力拯救许多濒危物种，但依靠动物园拯救物种是不够的。考查短语 rely on sb to do sth依靠某人做某事，故填to save.9. are watched。此题考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：今天，大型和自然保护区的动物被喂食平衡的饮食，并被仔细观察任何疾病的迹象。主语animals和谓语动词watch是被动关系，时间状语today是现在时的时间状语，故填are watched.10. protecting。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：无论如何，动物园的繁殖计划确实在保护许多野生动物物种方面发挥了重要作用。空格前是介词in,后面填写动名词形式，故填protecting.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。（2021•淮南市一模•短文改错）Recently I have moved by an advertisement which encourage people to go home more often. I don't think it costs too many to show love for our parents. First, do not just visit them during holidays or at weekends and try to accompany them as much as possible. Second, if time permits, it does them well to take them to travel. Traveling is a good way for us to get relaxed and enjoyed the beautiful scenery outdoors. Finally, we'd better have a chat with them, so they can exchange ideas for us and know that what is going on in our life. Anyway, better later than never.【答案】1.在moved前面加been2. encourage → encourages3. many → much4. and → but5. well → good6. us → them7. enjoyed → enjoy8. for → with9.去掉that10. later → late【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了爱自己父母的一些无需花费太多的建议。1. 考查时态和语态。句意：最近我被一则鼓励人们多回家的广告感动了。由主句时间状语Recently可知，时态用现在完成时，结合by可知，主语I和谓语动词move是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态（have been done），加上been。故在moved前面加been。2. 考查时态。句意：最近我被一则鼓励人们多回家的广告感动了。an advertisement which encourage people to go home more often是定语从句，先行词是an advertisement，在从句中作主语，由从句时间状语often可知，时态用一般现在时，从句主语an advertisement是单数，从句谓语动词encourage也用单数形式。故将encourage改为encourages。3. 考查副词。句意：我不认为爱我们的父母要花费太多。此处用副词too much修饰动词costs。故将many改为much。4. 考查连词。句意：首先，不要只在假期或周末拜访他们，而是尽可能多地陪伴他们。由前后句意可知，前后表转折，用并列连词but。故将and改为but。5. 考查固定搭配。句意：第二，如果时间允许，带他们去旅游对他们有好处。固定搭配do sb. good（对某人有好处）。故将well改为good。6. 考查代词。句意：旅游对他们来说是一种放松和欣赏户外美景的好方法。此处用宾格代词them指代our parents。故将us改为them。7. 考查动词原形。句意：旅游对他们来说是一种放松和欣赏户外美景的好方法。and表并列，and前面用动词不定式短语to get relaxed，后面也用动词不定式（to do），to可省略，enjoy用动词原形形式。故将enjoyed改为enjoy。8. 考查固定搭配。句意：最后，我们最好和他们聊聊天，这样他们就可以和我们交流思想，了解我们的生活。固定搭配exchange sb. with sth.（和某人换某物）。故将for改为with。9. 考查宾语从句。句意：最后，我们最好和他们聊聊天，这样他们就可以和我们交流思想，了解我们的生活。动词know后接what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语，that多余。故去掉that。10. 考查习惯表达。句意：不管怎样，迟到总比不到好。习惯表达better late than never（迟做总比不做好）。故将later改为late。 B组语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。山东省济南市莱芜一中2021届上高三11月月考英语试题话题：本文是说明文。介绍每个人都应该做出贡献保护自然资源。难度：★★建议用时：6分Natural resources are things ______56______ exist in nature and can be used by people. Some natural resources are renewable, like trees. When one tree is cut down, we can plant a new tree to replace it. Others, ______57______, are not renewable, like the coal dug out of the ground. Once it is used, it is ______58______. (go)Although we all know that our natural resources are limited, we often waste them in our daily life. Paper, bottles and cans ______59______ (throw) away carelessly; food is wasted just because of  its  poor  taste; clothes  are  rejected _____60_____ (simple) due  to  their  old fashion. These valuable natural resources will run out before long _____61_____ better use is made of them.Actually, everyone can make contributions (贡献) to _____62_____ (protect) our natural resources. For example, ______63______riding a bicycle or walking instead of driving, we can save lots of petrol. Water is a very important natural resource because we all need _____64_____ to stay alive. We can make wise_______65_______ (choose) to save water, like reusing the water that has been used to wash vegetables to water flowers. 【答案】56. which / that    57. however    58. gone    59. are thrown    60. simply    61. unless    62. protecting    63. by    64. it    65. Choices【解析】本文是说明文。讲述了自然资源不是取之不竭，用之不尽的东西，每个人都应该做出贡献保护自然资源。【56题详解】考查连词。句意：自然资源是自然界中存在的，可以被人使用的东西。分析句子可知，空格引导定语从句用来修饰things。things是物，从句中作主语，用关系代词which和that均可，故填which/that。【57题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，其他的就不可再生，就像从地上挖出来的煤炭一样。前文说到“Some natural resources are renewable, like trees.”，而本句“Others,……, are not renewable, like the coal dug out of the ground. ”句子结构完整，和上文构成转折关系，应填表示“然而”的单词。本空又有逗号隔开，故填however。【58题详解】考查动词。句意：一旦被用掉，它就永远消失。is是系动词，接形容词作表语，gone“用完的；消失的”符合句意，故填gone。【59题详解】考查动词。句意：纸，瓶和罐被粗心地丢弃。“Paper, bottles and cans”是自己不会扔，被扔的东西，主语Paper, bottles and cans与谓语动词throw是被动关系，且描述现在的事实用一般现在时，故填are thrown。【60题详解】考查副词。句意：衣服仅仅因为不时尚就被拒绝。“simple”修饰的是“due  to”，应用副词形式作状语。故填simply。【61题详解】考查连词。句意：这些有价值的自然资源将在不久之后耗尽，除非更好地利用它们。本空前后构成条件关系，结合前后关系和句意，故填unless。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：其实每个人都可以为保护自然资源做出贡献。固定搭配contributions to doing sth为……做出贡献，介词to后接动名词作宾语，故填protecting。【63题详解】考察介词。句意：骑自行车或行走而不是驾驶，我们可以节省大量汽油。by作介词时有通过、靠的意思，也有乘交通工具的意思，如：by bus乘公交。故填by。【64题详解】考查代词。句意：水是一个非常重要的自然资源，因为我们都需要它保持活力。本空应填Water，但是前半句有Water，不能重复，所以用代词表示，water是不可数名词，用it替代。故填it。【65题详解】考查动词。句意：我们可以做出明智的选择来节约用水，比如重新利用已经用来洗蔬菜水的花朵。wise是形容词，睿智的，修饰名词，作宾语，所以本空应填名词,且根据句意，用复数，故填choices。 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。The first person I met in my high school was my deskmate, with that I fell in love at first sight.She was warm-hearted and always wore a honest smile on her face. I was homesick in the first few days, unable to adjust the new school. It was with her help which I got familiar with the school. However, what impressed me most was her diligence and determine. When faced with a challenge in study, she would try out her best to solve it. Whenever I was in trouble, she would encourage myself and help me out. But for her encouragement, I wouldn’t have progressed so fast and steady.Have so nice a girl as my friend is great luck for me. May our friendship lasts forever.【答案】1. that → whom2. a → an3.adjust 后加to4. which→ that5. determine →determination6. out删掉7. myself → me8. steady → steadily9. Have →Having10. lasts → last【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要叙述了作者的同桌给作者提供了学校生活和学习上的帮助。【详解】1.考查定语从句关系词。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句，修饰先行词deskmate，且做介词with的宾语，指人应关系代词用whom。故that 改为 whom。2.考查冠词。honest为元音音素开头单词，故应用不定冠词an。故a 改为 an。3.考查固定短语。固定短语adjust to“适应于……”，故adjust 后加to。4.考查强调句。句意：正是在她的帮助下，我才熟悉了这所学校。分析句子结构可知本句为强调句结构“it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他”，本句中强调的是with her help，故用that。故which改为 that。5.考查名词。句意：然而，给我印象最深的是她的勤奋和决心。根据上文her diligence and可知应用名词形式，表示“决心”。故determine改为determination。6.考查固定短语。短语try one’s best“尽某人最大努力”，故out删掉。7.考查代词。此处做动词help的宾语，指“帮助我”应用第一人称宾格形式me，故myself 改为 me。8.考查副词。此处修饰动词progress应用副词，故steady 改为 steadily。9.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知本句缺少主语，需用动名词短语做主语，故Have 改为Having。10.考查动词时态。句意：愿我们的友谊天长地久。may为情态动词，后跟动词原形，故lasts改为last。【点睛】强调句结构为了突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用某种方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调，与此相关的句子就是强调句。强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。其结构为it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他。1、陈述句的强调句型It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。2、一般疑问句的强调句型，把is/ was提到it前面。3、特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分4、not … until … 句型的强调句句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not ... 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。如第四小题，句意：正是在她的帮助下，我才熟悉了这所学校。分析句子结构可知本句为强调句结构“it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他”，本句中强调的是with her help，故用that。故which改为 that。