专题04 备战2022高考英语阅读题型专项精讲精练之词义猜测题

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（一）
Suthbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center f British skatebarding, where the cntinuus crashing f skatebards left yur head ringing .I lved it. I sn made friends with the lcal skaters. We spke ur wn language. And my favrite: Safe. Safe meant cl. It meant hell. It meant dn't wrry abut it. Once, when trying a certain trick n the beam（横杆）, I fell nt the stnes, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Tby came ver, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their bards lud, shuting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a gd skater.
1.What d the underlined wrds “Safe! Safe! Safe!” prbably mean?
A. Be careful! B. Well dne!
C. N way! D. Dn't wrry!
（二）
In the past few years, an increasing number f peple and rganisatins have begun cming up with plans t cunter this trend. A cuple f years ag film-maker David Bnd realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached t screens t the pint where he was able t say “chclate” int his three-year-ld sn’s ear withut getting a respnse. He realised that smething needed t change, and, being a Lndn media type, appinted himself “marketing directr frm Nature”. He dcumented his jurney as he set abut treating nature as a brand t be marketed t yung peple. The result was Prject Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth f the Wrld Netwrk, a grup f rganisatins with the cmmn gal f getting children ut int nature.
1．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “charts” in paragraph 2?
A. recrdsB. predictsC. delaysD. cnfirms
（三）
The pignancy f Jrdan retiring frm his belved basketball t play baseball and what had pushed him t make such a tugh decisin tk me by surprise. As I watched him take ff his basketball unifrm and replace it with a baseball unifrm, I saw him leaving behind the layer that n lnger served him, just as ur lizard had. Neither f them chse the mment that had transfrmed them. But they had t live with wh they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have t learn t leave the past behind.
1：The underlined part "leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understd as .
A．letting g f the past B．lking fr a new jb
C．getting rid f a bad habit D．giving up an pprtunity

一、词义猜测题概念及特点
这类题型旨在考查学生利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的辨别能力。利用上下文猜测词义是阅读理解的基本技巧之一,也是我们学习词汇的主要方法。
二：题型分类
（1）熟词新义：要求在某一特定的语言环境中推断某一多义词的正确意思;
（2）生词释义：要求根据范围较小的上下文推断出词义;
（3）难句释义：要求根据范围稍大的上下文推断句意。
二、词义猜测题的设问形式
①What’s the meaning f the underlined wrd/ Chinese?
②The underlined t/ prbably means...
③The underlined be replaced by...
④What is the meaning
⑤Which f the fllwing wrds can take the place f the
三、主旨题解题步骤及方法
1：利用连词构造平行关系。
如果解释词是名词；动词；形容词；副词；去该词周围寻找同一词性；看是否能构成同义词；近义词或者反义词的关系
2：利用相邻句子转折或顺承一于转折中找反义词，顺承中找近义词。
3：根据词性修饰寻找关键词
A：划线词是名词：去前面找形容词；看是否能构成最佳修饰关系
B：划线词是名词：去前面找动词；看是否构成最佳动宾关系
C：划线词是动词：去前后找副词；看是否能构成最佳修饰关系
D：划线词是动词：去后面找名词；看是否构成最佳动宾关系
E：划线词是形容词或副词：去后面找名词或者动词；看是否能构成最佳修饰关系

例题1：Smewhere alng the way, hwever, I lst tuch with my creative self. At 21, I landed a jb at a big insurance cmpany ut f my business degree. I wuld g t the ffice, sit at my desk and repeat the same wrk five days a week 9 t 5. The days were lng and tedius. Wrking this way fr ne year was painful enugh, let alne a lifetime. Befre lng I decided t make a change.
1：What des the underlined wrd in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.bring B. excited
C. interesting D. satisfied
例题2：I was s wrried abut handing my little by ver during his first week f schl, but yu made it easier. Yu smiled at him like a mther wuld at her wn child.Yu shwed warmth and yur hugs were always n ffer.After a day in class with yu, Charlie wuld cme hme singing. Whenever I hear D Yur Ears Hang Lw r see him stretching t the sky when singing abut the days f the week, I will think f yu.I didn't tell yu at the time, but I lved yur mrning sng s much that I implemented it in my wn class (I'm a teacher, t).
2．What des the underlined wrd "implemented" in Paragraph l prbably mean?
A．Lked back n. B．Lked frward t.
C．Thught highly f.D．Made use f.
例题3：“The Great Gd Place” is a shrt stry by American nvelist Henry James, first published in 1900. Its theme is that peple need a place where they can escape the grind f daily life. This is an idea that Hward Schultz, wh turned the Starbucks cffee chain int an internatinal giant, used in his business strategy.
3．What des the underlined wrd “grind” mean in paragraph 1?
A．Bredm B．flavrC．Virtue D．interventin
例题4：She was gutted at the thught f missing the Wlf Run — a quarterly event that she hasn't missed since 2014. “If yu cmplete fur Wlf Runs in a year, ne in each seasn, yu get Alpha Wlf status,” explains Emma. “This year was ging t be my fifth in a rw as an Alpha Wlf and I was really upset that I'd lse my status.” S she was willing t try anything t get thrugh the curse — even with her injured ankle.
4：What des the underlined wrd “gutted” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Extremely sad.B．A bit relieved.
C．Very surprised.D．Pretty cheerful.
例题5：Still, 55 percent f Australians have a landline phne at hme and nly just ver a quarter （29%） rely nly n their smartphnes accrding t a survey （调查）. Of thse Australians wh still have a landline, a third cncede that it’s nt really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case f emergencies. I think my hme falls int that categry.
5：What des the underlined wrd “cncede” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Admit.B. Argue.
C. Remember.D. Remark.

（A）
When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife. Native Americans had taken care f these precius natural resurces wisely. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces. Millins f waterfwl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat.
1：What des the underlined wrd “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Acquire. B. Exprt.
C. Destry. D. Distribute.
（B）
"The vagueness f the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little t cmmunicate, r we are still missing a lt f the infrmatin cntained in their gestures and actins," she said. "Mrever, the meanings seem t nt g beynd what ther animal cnvey with nn-verbal cmmunicatin. S, it seems the gulf remains. "
1. What des the underlined wrd "gulf" in the last paragraph mean?
A．Difference.B．Cnflict.C．Balance.D．Cnnectin.
（C）
S next time yu want t thrw away a plastic bttle in the litter bin, stp and think. If yu reuse it, yu wuld help the envirnment. But what can yu d when there isn’t a bin near yu? Well, there are lts f useful ways that yu can use yur bttles again. Fr example, an empty bttle makes a great piggy bank fr yur pcket mney, and if yu cut a bttle in half, yu will have a plant pt. G green! Yu can make a difference.
1．The underlined part in this passage tells us “________”.
A．T make a different life, yu’d better g utside.
B．T lk different, yu’d better wear green clthes.
C．T prtect the envirnment, yu can d smething.
D．T g green, yu shuld use plastic prducts.

（A）
This is why it is imprtant t stp using plastic items that we use fr abut 15 minutes befre we dispse f it. Hpefully, we can help put an end t plastic pllutin by chsing nt t use single use plastic items, such as plastic bags and straws. And this July, peple arund the wrld will take a pledge(请愿)t live a plastic free life. Yu can either give up the tp fur ——straws, bttles, bags and cffee cups r yu can refuse as much single use plastic as yu can every day. Anther way t help reduce the prblem is t take part in beach clean-ups. On the first Saturday f every mnth Clean C, an initiative that gets vlunteers t clean up ur beaches, hsts beach clean-ups n beaches acrss Cape Twn. Yu can find details f upcming events n their website.
1. The underlined phrase “dispse f” can be replaced by ________.
A．take cntrl fB．g in frC．get rid fD．watch ut fr
（B）
Althugh sme schlars have suggested a rle fr wmen in ancient hunting, thers have dismissed this idea even when hunting tls were uncvered in female burials. T examine whether this wman fund at this site was an utlier, the researchers examined 429 skeletns (骷髅) at 107 burials sites in Nrth and Suth America arund 8000 t 14000 years ag. Of thse, 27 individuals were buried with hunting tls—11 were female and 15 were male. The sample was sufficient t "supprt the cnclusin that female participatin in early big-game hunting was likely nt unusual".
1：What des the underlined wrd "utlier" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Exceptin. B．Failure.
C．Rle mdel. D．Easy target.
（C）
The 20th century saw cars becme mre and mre ppular amng rdinary peple. Planes were made larger, s ticket prices drpped and mre peple used them. Thus turism grew. In 1949, Russian jurnalist Vladimir Raitz started a cmpany called Hrizn Hlidays. The cmpany rganizes everything—plane tickets, htel rms, even fd—and turists pay fr it all befre they leave hme. The package tur and mdern turist industry was brn.
The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949.But turism did nt take ff until 1978. In 2002, the industry was wrth 500 billin yuan and became an imprtant part f China's scial develpment.
1：The underlined phrase “take ff” (in the last paragraph) means “ ”.
A.a plane rising int the air B.bring dwn the prices
C.remve hats and clthes D.develp very fast
（D）
But he’s nervus.“I’m here t tell yu tday why yu ”Chris trips n the“-ld,”a prnunciatin difficulty fr many nn-native English speakers.His teacher,Thmas Whaley,is next t him,whispering supprt.“ ” Except fr sme stumbles,Chris is ding amazingly well.When he brings his speech t a nice cnclusin,Whaley invites the rest f the class t praise him.
1：What des the underlined wrd “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A.Imprper pauses. B.Bad manners.
C.Spelling mistakes. D.Silly jkes.
（E）
In 2015, the Natinal Academy f Sciences released a reprt arguing that increasing the age t buy tbacc t 21 wuld have a “cnsiderable impact” n the age at which smene takes their first puff. The reprt als suggested “if smene is nt a regular tbacc user by age 25, it is highly unlikely he r she will becme ne.”
1：The underlined wrds in the last paragraph mean “ ”.
A.buys their first pack f cigarettes
B.smkes their first cigarette
C.quits smking fr the first time
D.first ffers cigarettes t thers
（F）
While I tend t buy a lt f bks, these three were given t me as gifts, which might add t the meaning I attach t them. But I imagine that, while mney is indeed wnderful and necessary, rereading an authr's wrk is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best bks are the nes that pen further as time passes. But remember, it's yu that has t grw and read and reread in rder t better understand yur friends.
1：What des the underlined wrd “currency” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A.Debt.B.Reward.C.Allwance.D.Face value.目录
内容
Sectin A
高考真题练手
Sectin B
解题技巧及步骤梳理
Sectin C
例题练习及讲解
Sectin D
课堂限时训练
Sectin E
课后练习巩固