2022届黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高三四模英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2022届黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高三四模英语试卷（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022年哈三中第四次高考模拟考试
英语试卷
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In a bookstore. C. In a fruit shop.
2. What happened to the man?
A. He was shot in the leg. B. He broke his leg. C. He lost a game.
3. On what day of the week may the magazine arrive?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
4. What will the woman do?
A. Go to the lab with the man. B. Work on her experiments. C. Check on what’s for dinner.
5. What does the man say about Rosa?
A. She won’t buy a gift for him. B. She won’t leave her job. C. She won’t feel sorry for the man’s leaving.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至第8题。
6. Where does the man work?
A. At a garage. B. At a store. C. At a factory.
7. What does the man ask for?
A. The woman’s name. B. The bike’s brand. C. The bike’s colour.
8. What is the man going to do next?
A. Telephone the suppliers. B. Call the woman back. C. Order a new part.
听第7段材料，回答第9至第11题。
9. What does the man have to do today?
A. Talk to his lawyer. B. Have a meeting. C. See a doctor.
10. What does the woman offer to do for the man?
A. Call his lawyer in the afternoon. B. Sign a few papers for him. C. Take a message for him.
11. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Workmates. B. Husband and wife. C. Lawyer and guest.
听第8段材料，回答第12至第14题。
12. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. Air pollution. B. A new kind of fuel. C. Future energy sources.
13. Why is the woman giving the man the information of DME?
A. He lost his class notes. B. He missed the class in this topic. C. He is doing research on the subject.
14. Why won’t DME be on the market soon?
A. It pollutes the air. B. It is less effective. C. It’s expensive to mass-produce.
听第9段材料，回答第15至第17题。.
15. What are the speakers discussing?
A. The preparation for a test. B. A television programme. C. A close friend of theirs.
16. Why is the man watching TV?
A. He has already finished studying.
B. He is taking a break from studying.
C. He wants to get information for a paper.
17. Why doesn’t the man want to call Elizabeth?
A. He doesn’t want to trouble her on the weekend.
B. He doesn’t think she is helpful to him.
C. He prefers to study on his own.
听第10段材料，回答第18至第20题。
18 What is a disadvantage of An Insect’s Life?
A. It is badly shot. B. It frightens some people. C. It is much too long.
19. What can we expect from today’s Miller And Edwards programme?
A. Beautiful scenes. B. A famous motorist. C. More jokes.
20. Why won’t Police watch be on television tonight?
A. Andy Mckay has a cold. B. It won’t be on Thursdays any more. C. Another programme has taken its place.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
The best family things to do in Manchester are great for those looking to keep their kids busy and happy.
*Greater Manchester Police Museum
Housed within a former police station, it contains extensive archives regarding Victorian policing. You’ll find vintage vehicles dating back to when local police first adopted the use of cars. Other items that you may not have considered to be so essential to police work include old Victorian lanterns. You can also learn more policing in general, a topic your children may be especially interested in if they want to be a law enforcer when they grow up.
Location: 57A Newton Street, Manchester, M1 1ET, UK
Open: Tuesday — Thursday from 10:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m.
Telephone: +44 (0)1618 564500
*Science and Industry Museum
Visiting it, you’ll find yourself immersed in the rich history of transportation technology. There are exhibits highlighting aircraft and locomotives (火车头), along with a 3rd exhibit showcasing Manchester’s history with computing technology and how it affected communications across distances. You can explore large industrial machines including old steam engines and hot air engines. Most of them are still operational, so you can see them in action at the museum during scheduled presentations.
Location: Liverpool Road, Manchester, M3 4FP, UK
Open: Daily from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Telephone: +44 (0)1618 322244
*Lark Hill Place
Located inside the Salford Museum, it functions as a mock-up (模型) of Victorian England. The recreated street has genuine fittings and signs that will make you feel as if you’ve travelled back to 1897. With cobblestones (鹅卵石), gas lamps and even the sounds of carriages around you, it creates an immersive atmosphere you won’t be able to find anywhere else. You can even venture into some of the local shops and taverns to learn more about what everyday life was like for people back then.
Location: Peel Park, The Crescent, Salford, M5 4WU, UK
Open: Tuesday — Friday from 9:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Saturday — Sunday from 11:30 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Telephone: +44 (0)1617 780800
*Crystal Maze
The Crystal Maze offers a fun-filled interactive experience for families in Manchester. You and your little ones can team up with others to conquer the challenges and make the leaderboards. The challenges will be varied and will require teamwork to figure out, but you’ll have fun regardless of working together in this immersive 3D environment. It’s based on a popular 90s TV show of the same name. Plus, you get to wear satin bomber jackets throughout the experience, and that’s reason enough to go.
Location: The Crystal Maze Studios, Lower Byrom Street, Manchester, M3 4FP, UK
Open: Tuesday — Wednesday from 4 p.m. to 8:30 p.m., Thursday from 4:30 p.m. to 9:15 p.m.
Friday from noon to 9:15 pm, Saturday from 9 a.m. to 9:15 p.m., Sunday from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Telephone: +44 (0)1617 910727
1. If Mary and her parents want to join in an activity on Monday, which of the following should they call?
A. +44 (0)1618 322244 B. +44 (0)1618 564500
C. +44 (0)1617 910727 D. +44 (0)1617 780800
2. Where should the Smiths go if they plan to explore the daily life in Victorian England?
A. Greater Manchester Police Museum B. Science and Industry Museum
C. Lark Hill Place D. Crystal Maze
3. What can visitors do at the Crystal Maze Studios?
A. Play in a TV show in bomber jackets. B. Act as a law enforcer to learn policing.
C. Explore large industrial machines. D. Cooperate with others to conquer challenges.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个曼彻斯特适合一家人去参观的地点以及它们各自的特色。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据*Science and Industry Museum部分中“Open: Daily from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.；Telephone: +44 (0)1618 322244 (开放时间：每日上午10时至下午5时；电话：+44(0)1618 322244)”以及各项活动的开放日期可知，其它地方周一不开门，只有Science and Industry Museum开门，故如果玛丽和她的父母想参加星期一的活动，他们应该拨打+44(0)1618 322244。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据*Greater Manchester Police Museum部分中“Housed within a former police station, it contains extensive archives regarding Victorian policing. You’ll find vintage vehicles dating back to when local police first adopted the use of cars. Other items that you may not have considered to be so essential to police work include old Victorian lanterns.(它坐落在一个前警察局，里面有大量关于维多利亚时期警务的档案。你会发现古董车的历史可以追溯到当地警察第一次使用汽车的时候。其他你可能认为对警察工作不那么重要的物品包括维多利亚时代的旧灯笼)”可知，如果史密斯一家打算探索维多利亚时代英国的日常生活，他们应该去Greater Manchester Police Museum。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据*Crystal Maze部分中“You and your little ones can team up with others to conquer the challenges and make the leaderboards.(你和你的孩子们可以与他人合作，克服挑战，制作排行榜)”可知，游客在Crystal Maze Studios可以与他人合作，克服挑战。故选D。
B
Because my work involves so much mandatory reading (强制性阅读), I don’t get to do lots of pleasure reading. There is just too little time for short stories or poetry. I typically only get to the things friends have already read and recommended to me. They are my book reviewers. They keep me from wasting time.
My favorite popular author is John Grisham. He has written twenty-two novels, one work of non-fiction, a collection of stories, and a novel for young readers. I respect good story-tellers, and he knows how to tell a good story.
Although his books have sold some 300 million copies, people sometimes pan him. “He’s no Hemingway or Faulkner!” says one reviewer. “He is not a particularly good writer,” says another, “and it is unlikely that anyone will be reading his ‘potboilers’ in another generation.”
However, I like the fact that Grisham doesn’t take himself too seriously. In one interview with the Associated Press, Grisham denied any visions of great literary fiction. “It’s pure entertainment,” he said. Sounds quite humble, doesn’t it? And that quality is most refreshing and rare these days.
In the course of that same interview, he mentioned a fact from his earliest days of attempting to write that grabbed my most attention. “The alarm clock would go off at 5, and I’d jump in the shower,” he said. “My office was five minutes away. And I had to be at my desk, at my office, with the first cup of coffee and a legal pad, and write the first word at 5:30, five days a week.” His goal was to write one page every day. If it took ten minutes, so be it. Sometimes he would write for two hours before starting his job as a lawyer.
4. The underlined word “pan” (in Paragraph 3) probably means ______.
A. praise B. criticize C. respect D. cheat
5. What does the author think of John Grisham?
A. He is a modest person. B. He likes entertaining himself.
C. He tends to look down upon other writers. D. He compares himself to Hemingway.
6. In the interview, what impressed the author most was that ______.
A. Grisham was always friendly to others
B. Grisham was often staying up late for work
C. Grisham was a productive writer with all kinds of works
D. Grisham had a good habit of getting up early to write
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Short Stories: Source of My Pleasure B. John Grisham: My Great Admiration
C. My Impressive Interview with John Grisham D. The Effect of Mandatory Reading on My Life
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者喜欢的一名作家John Grisham，作者解释了自己为什么喜欢他，以及他的一些写作习惯。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“‘He’s no Hemingway or Faulkner!’ says one reviewer. ‘He is not a particularly good writer,’ says another, ‘and it is unlikely that anyone will be reading his ‘potboilers’ in another generation.’ (“他不是海明威或福克纳！”一位评论者说。“他不是一个特别好的作家，”另一个人说，“不太可能再过一代人还会有人读他的‘杂烩’”)”可知，这都是人们对他的批评。所以pan为“批评”之意。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Sounds quite humble, doesn’t it? And that quality is most refreshing and rare these days.(听起来很谦逊，不是吗?这种品质如今是最令人耳目一新的，也是最罕见的)”可知，作者认为John Grisham是一个谦虚的人。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“In the course of that same interview, he mentioned a fact from his earliest days of attempting to write that grabbed my most attention. ‘The alarm clock would go off at 5, and I’d jump in the shower,‘ he said. ‘My office was five minutes away. And I had to be at my desk, at my office, with the first cup of coffee and a legal pad, and write the first word at 5:30, five days a week.’(就在那次采访中，他提到了他早期尝试写作时的一个事实，这引起了我的极大关注。“闹钟会在5点响，然后我就会跳进浴室，”他说。“我的办公室离这里只有五分钟的路程。我必须在我的办公桌前，在我的办公室里，喝着第一杯咖啡，拿着一本便签本，在5:30写第一个字，一周五天。”)”可推断，令作者印象深刻的是他早起写作的习惯。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“My favorite popular author is John Grisham. He has written twenty-two novels, one work of non-fiction, a collection of stories, and a novel for young readers. I respect good story-tellers, and he knows how to tell a good story.(我最喜欢的作家是约翰·格里沙姆。他写了22部小说，一部非小说类作品，一部故事集，以及一部面向年轻读者的小说。我尊重会讲故事的人，他知道如何讲一个好故事)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了作者最喜欢的作家John Grisham。所以“John Grisham: My Great Admiration (John Grisham：我非常钦佩)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
C
Coastal cities around the globe are sinking by up to several centimeters per year, on average, satellite observations reveal. The one-two punch of sinking land and rising seas means that these coastal regions are at greater risk of flooding than previously thought, researchers report in the April 16 Geophysical Research Letters.
Matt Wei, an earth scientist at the University of Rhode Island in Narragansett, and colleagues studied 99 coastal cities on six continents. “We tried to balance population and geographic location,” he says. While subsidence (下沉) has been measured in cities previously, earlier research has tended to focus on just one city or region. This investigation is different. Wei says, “It’s one of the first to really use data with global coverage.” Wei and his team relied on observations made mostly from 2015 to 2020 by a pair of European satellites. Instruments onboard beam microwave signals toward Earth and then record the waves that bounce back. By measuring the timing and intensity of those reflected waves, the team determined the height of the ground with millimeter accuracy. And because each satellite flies over the same part of the planet every 12 days, the researchers were able to trace how the ground deformed over time.
The largest subsidence rates — up to five centimeters per year — are mostly in Asian cities like Tianjin, China; Karachi, Pakistan; and Manila, Philippines, the team found. What’s more, about one-third, or 34, of the analyzed cities are sinking in some places by more than a centimeter per year. That’s a worrying trend, says Dario Solano-Rojas, an earth scientist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico in Mexico City who was not involved in the research. These cities are being hit with a double whammy: At the same time that sea levels are rising due to climate change, the land is sinking. “Understanding that part of the problem is a big deal,” Solano-Rojas says.
Wei and his colleagues think that the subsidence is largely caused by people. When the researchers looked at Google Earth imagery of the regions within cities that were rapidly sinking, the team saw mostly residential or commercial areas. That’s a tip-off that the culprit (元凶) is groundwater extraction, the team concluded. Landscapes tend to settle as water is pumped out of aquifers (含水层). But there’s reason to be hopeful. In the past, Indonesia’s Jakarta, for example, was sinking by nearly 30 cm/yr, on average. But now subsidence there and in other places has slowed, possibly due to recent governmental regulations limiting groundwater extraction.
8. How does Matt Wei and his colleagues’ research differ from previous ones?
A. It centers on observing European satellites.
B It adopts comprehensive data on a global scale.
C. It demonstrates subsiding land and rising seas risk coastal regions.
D. It makes the connection between waves and the height of the ground.
9. What can we know from the third paragraph?
A. Most Asian cities are sinking at the rate of five centimeters per year.
B. Dario Solano-Rojas is in charge of statistical analysis in the research.
C. Some cities are in a difficult situation with land sinking and sea rising.
D. Cities subsiding at largest rates account for one third of the analyzed cities.
10. What is a cause of the subsidence according to the passage?
A. Launching satellites flying over the same part of the earth. B. Governments’ regulations on limiting water usage.
C. Rising seas flooding some coastal regions regularly. D. Pumping groundwater out for certain purposes.
11. What is the author’s attitude toward slowing down subsidence?
A. Optimistic. B. Skeptical. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卫星观测结果显示，全球沿海城市平均每年下沉数厘米，这引起了科学家的担忧。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Wei says, ‘It’s one of the first to really use data with global coverage.’(Wei说：“这是第一个真正使用全球覆盖数据的公司。”)”可知，Matt Wei和他的同事们的研究与之前的研究不同之处在于，他们采用全球范围的综合数据。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“These cities are being hit with a double whammy: At the same time that sea levels are rising due to climate change, the land is sinking. (这些城市正遭受着双重打击：在气候变化导致海平面上升的同时，陆地正在下沉)”可知，一些城市正遭受着双重打击，面临陆地下沉、海平面上升的困境。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Wei and his colleagues think that the subsidence is largely caused by people. When the researchers looked at Google Earth imagery of the regions within cities that were rapidly sinking, the team saw mostly residential or commercial areas. That’s a tip-off that the culprit (元凶) is groundwater extraction, the team concluded. (魏和他的同事们认为地面下沉主要是由人类引起的。当研究人员观察谷歌地球图像显示的城市区域正在迅速下沉时，他们看到的主要是居民区或商业区。这个密报罪魁祸首是地下水开采，团队总结道)”可知，导致地面下沉的主要原因是人们为了某些目的开采地下水。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But there’s reason to be hopeful. In the past, Indonesia’s Jakarta, for example, was sinking by nearly 30 cm/yr, on average. But now subsidence there and in other places has slowed, possibly due to recent governmental regulations limiting groundwater extraction. (但我们有理由满怀希望。例如，在过去，印度尼西亚的雅加达以平均每年近30厘米的速度下沉。但现在，那里和其他地方的沉降已经放缓，可能是由于最近政府限制地下水开采的规定)”可推断，作者对减缓下沉还是满怀希望，抱乐观的态度。故选A。
D
When we’re busy doing things we love, we don’t think about how old we are or the state of our knees. But then something pulls us up short, like a polite young man offering his seat, or accompanying you to cross the road, and suddenly we’re walking more slowly, feeling just a little worse about life in general.
The way these internalized (内在化的) attitudes about aging affect us physically is a focus within a growing field in social psychology known as mind-body studies. In the next few months, the World Health Organization is expected to publish the results of a global investigation of ageism — discrimination toward the aged — that will address how to fight the prejudice. The report will also outline the various ways that ageist attitudes can affect the health and well-being of older people.
Psychologist Becca Levy is a contributor to the coming WHO report. She has spent her career linking negative aging attitudes to such measures as walking speed in older people, a greater likelihood of developing the brain changes of Alzheimer’s disease and even a reduction in life span. But it’s not all terrible. Levy, at the Yale School of Public Health, has also shown that something as simple as potential exposure to age-positive words can lead to physical improvements in older people of the sort. Those typically come about only after a program of regular exercise. If Levy and other scientists are correct, putting a more positive effect on our general view of aging might make a profound difference in the health of people over 65, the fastest-growing age group in America today. Some of the most surprising mind-body findings imply: A more positive attitude toward aging leads to improvements in older people’s memory, balance, speed and quality of life.
12. According to the passage, people will realize they’re at an advanced age when ______.
A. they are occupied with work B. their knees are easily hurt
C. someone helps them go across the street D. they offer seats to others
13. What can we know from the WHO report?
A. There is little prejudice to the elderly. B. Ageism may do physical and mental damage to the elderly.
C. People are supposed to fight against discrimination. D. Ageism is a main research field in social psychology.
14. What does Levy suggest people do?
A. Help the old to be more exposed to age-positive words. B. Communicate with the old using more complex words.
C. Help the old to take exercise regularly. D. Talk to the old more frequently.
15. What message is mainly conveyed in the passage?
A. Aging is an urgent problem to be solved around the world.
B. The internalized attitudes are determined by the aging process.
C. The senior citizens should live independently to slow aging.
D. Positive attitudes toward aging may pay off in older people’s health.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对衰老持更积极的态度会改善老年人的记忆力、平衡性、速度和生活质量。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When we’re busy doing things we love, we don’t think about how old we are or the state of our knees. But then something pulls us up short, like a polite young man offering his seat, or accompanying you to cross the road, and suddenly we’re walking more slowly, feeling just a little worse about life in general.(当我们忙着做自己喜欢的事情的时候，我们不会考虑自己的年龄和膝盖的状况。但突然有什么事让我们停下脚步，比如一个彬彬有礼的年轻人给我们让座，或者陪你过马路，突然我们走得更慢了，对生活的总体感觉有点糟糕。)”可知，我们只有别人在给我们让路、或者扶我过马路时才会觉得自己老了。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The report will also outline the various ways that ageist attitudes can affect the health and well-being of older people.(报告还将概述年龄歧视态度可能影响老年人健康和福祉的各种方式。)”可知，年龄歧视会影响老年人身心健康。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Levy, at the Yale School of Public Health, has also shown that something as simple as potential exposure to age-positive words can lead to physical improvements in older people of the sort.(耶鲁大学公共卫生学院的列维还表明，一些简单的事情，比如潜在地接触积极的年龄词汇，可以导致这类老年人的身体改善。)”可知，积极的年龄词汇对老年人有好处，所以人们可以帮助老年人多接触积极的年龄词汇。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“A more positive attitude toward aging leads to improvements in older people’s memory, balance, speed and quality of life.(对衰老持更积极的态度会改善老年人的记忆力、平衡性、速度和生活质量。)”及全文可知，如果对衰老抱有积极的态度，那么就会对老年人健康有好处。故选D。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Healthy See, Healthy Do
Visit the grocery store on an empty stomach, and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases. ____16____
The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food. ____17____ And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior. A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves, for example.
____18____ It has been working with more than 1,000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods. “Making healthy foods more convenient or appealing can lead to increased sales of those products.” says Tamar Adjoian, a research scientist at the department.
Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city’s crowded urban checkout areas, so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study. ____19____ Then they recorded purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks.
Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed, just 4 percent bought anything from the checkout area. Among those who did, however, customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines. ____20____ The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.
The potential influence may seem small, but Adjoian believes that changing more checkout lines will open customers’ eyes to nutritious, lower-calorie foods. Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City.
A. They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often.
B. These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health.
C. They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter.
D. The supermarkets began to offer nutritious, lower-calorie foods.
E. These foods give people more energy.
F. The location of store displays also influences our shopping choices.
G. The products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了商店的食品的位置摆放也会影响我们的购物，可能会形成或打破一些健康的饮食习惯。纽约市的卫生部门的官员们正在探索在各处的收银台扩大健康选择的方法。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Visit the grocery store on an empty stomach, and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases. ”（空着肚子去杂货店，你很可能会带回来一些你不打算买的东西。但饥饿并不是额外购买的唯一原因）可知，前面说到了额外购物的一个原因，并且指出不止这个原因。因此后文要给出另一个原因。F项“商店陈列的位置也会影响我们的购物选择”符合语境，also是关键词。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据空前“The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food. ”（收银区是垃圾食品的一个特别热点）以及空后“And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior. ”（一些研究表明，简单地换更健康的食物就能改变顾客的行为）推知，空处应承接上文，介绍常见的垃圾食品是哪些，以及它们的特点。G项“那里最常见的产品是含糖和含盐的零食”符合语境，there指代上文的the checkout area。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据空后“It has been working with more than 1,000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods. ”（它一直在与1000多家店主合作，鼓励他们订购和推广营养食品）推知，上文提到了一个鼓励健康饮食的组织。B项“这些发现引起了纽约市卫生部的注意”符合语境，下文的it指代选项中的 New York City Department of Health。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city’s crowded urban checkout areas, so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study.”（阿德约安和她的同事想知道这样的发现是否适用于他们城市拥挤的结账区，所以他们选择了三个布朗克斯超市进行自己的研究）可知，这个发现是前面说到“让健康食品更方便或更吸引人可以增加这些产品的销量”。再结合空后“Then they recorded purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks.”（然后，他们在两周的时间里，记录了六次在每家商店三小时内的购买情况）的then推知，上文陈述他们把健康的食品放在货架上，因而才有了后文记录购买情况。C项“他们把收银台附近的糖果和饼干换成了水果和坚果”符合语境，they指代上文Adjoian and her colleagues ，且与下文承接自然。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Among those who did, however, customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines. ”（然而，在那些购买健康食品的顾客中，购买营养食品的次数是购买标准食品的顾客的两倍多）可知，上文说到了研究的结果——购买健康食物的顾客增多。以及空后“The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.”（研究结果发表在9月份的《营养教育与行为杂志》上）推知，空处承接上文，继续陈述研究结果——购买不健康食品的顾客减少。A项“他们购买不健康食品的次数减少了40%”符合语境。故选A。
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Gidda’s Team
The door closed behind Malik, making Mama look up from the hot meal. “Just in time for dinner. Will you ____21____ Gidda, please?”
Gidda was staying in Malik’s bedroom. He didn’t mind giving up his room for his 82-year-old grandmother at first. But then she didn’t leave. Malik tripped over her suitcase on the floor. “Sorry,” Gidda said, “I’m just a nuisance (讨厌的人) here. I’m ____22____.” Malik didn’t answer as he helped her up from her chair.
At dinner, Mama asked Malik, “How’s your meeting with the coach?” Malik was captain of school soccer team, and he had to discuss a fundraiser with the coach. They’d have to raise hundreds of dollars to ____23____ their old shirts, and that seemed unlikely ____24____ Malik could come up with a brilliant plan. Unwillingly, Malik said. “It’s just team stuff.” Changing the ____25____, Malik turned to Gidda. “Do you want to go sit outside after dinner?”
Gidda agreed. In the soft warmth of the evening, Gidda ____26____ herself beneath the enormous fig (无花果) tree. “Feels like home,” she said. But Malik ____27____, “It drops figs everywhere.” Right then, a fig landed on his head. Gidda laughed, picked it up, and took a ____28____. “Perfect. Pick me a bunch. I’ll make fig cakes.”
The next morning, Malik found Gidda making fig cakes in the kitchen. She offered him one. Malik, hoping it wasn’t too ____29____, put it in his mouth. His eyes _____30_____ as he chewed. It was delicious. He eyed the tree in the backyard. How many fig cakes could it _____31_____?
Malik _____32_____ his phone and started texting in a(n) _____33_____ of excitement. An hour later, most of the soccer team gathered in the kitchen, and ate up fig cakes. “Gidda’s F abulous Fig Cakes!” Malik said. “We’ll sell them! Gidda said they were easy to make; she’ll show us how.” At dinner that night, Gidda shared their plan with Mama, smiling _____34_____ as she repeated the _____35_____ Malik gave on her, “Team Grandmother”.
The next day, the kitchen was full of _____36_____. Walking slowly _____37_____ the excited boys, Gidda taught them to make fig cakes. Soon the fig cakes _____38_____.
As Malik _____39_____, Gidda’s Fabulous Fig Cakes were a huge _____40_____ and they were quickly sold out. When the new uniforms arrived just in time for the opening game, Coach Garcia invited Gidda to watch. She arrived early, and waved at Malik. Then she turned around to show off her shirt. On the back were the words “Team Grandmother”.
21. A. watch B. fetch C. visit D. serve
22. A. useless B. unlucky C. scared D. nervous
23. A. buy B. replace C. iron D. abandon
24. A. though B. unless C. as D. whether
25. A. plan B. attitude C. subject D. way
26. A. settled B. behaved C. removed D. bent
27. A. debated B. repeated C. explained D. complained
28. A. breath B. test C. bite D. break
29. A. unhealthy B. awful C. authentic D. scarce
30. A. widened B. moved C. focused D. opened
31. A. produce B. donate C. deliver D. exchange
32. A. connected B. picked C. grabbed D. answered
33. A. series B. awareness C. range D. rush
34. A. politely B. proudly C. shyly D. bitterly
35. A. position B. reward C. title D. comment
36. A. tension B. hope C. calmness D. energy
37. A. with B. off C. among D. towards
38. A. grew up B. came up C. packed up D. piled up
39. A. promised B. predicted C. announced D. identified
40. A. profit B. investment C. hit D. practice
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记述文。文章主要讲述了吉达和马利克的团队通过制作无花果蛋糕捐钱更换他们的旧制服参加比赛的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正好赶上吃晚饭。请你去接吉达好吗？A. watch观察，看守；B. fetch请来，吸引；C. visit拜访；D. serve招待，服务于。根据“Just in time for dinner.”可知，此处表示去请吉达来吃饭。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“对不起，”吉达说，“我在这里只是个讨厌的人。我无用。”A. useless无用的；B. unlucky不幸运的；C. scared害怕的；D. nervous紧张的。根据“I’m just a nuisance(讨厌的人) here.”可知，吉达认为自己无用。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不筹集数百美元来更换旧衬衫，除非马利克想出一个绝妙的计划，否则这似乎不太可能。A. buy购买；B. replace更换，替换；C. iron熨；D. abandon抛弃。根据“their old shirts”和最后一段“When the new uniforms arrived just in time for the opening game, Coach Garcia invited Gidda to watch.”可知，他们不得不筹集数百美元来更换旧衬衫。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不筹集数百美元来更换旧衬衫，除非马利克想出一个绝妙的计划，否则这似乎不太可能。A. though尽管；B. unless除非；C. as因为；D. whether是否。根据“and that seemed unlikely”可知，除非想出一个绝妙的计划，否则更换旧衬衫似乎不太可能。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：转移话题，马利克转向吉达。A. plan计划；B. attitude态度；C. subject话题；D. way方法。根据 “Unwillingly, Malik said. “It’s just team stuff.””并结合上文内容可知，此处指马利克转移话题。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在柔和温暖的夜晚，吉达在一棵巨大的无花果树下坐了下来。A. settled安顿；坐下；B. behaved行为；C. removed消除；D. bent弯曲。根据“herself beneath the enormous fig (无花果) tree.”可知，吉达坐在无花果树下。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但马利克抱怨说：“无花果掉得到处都是。”A. debated辩论；B. repeated重复；C. explained解释；D. complained抱怨。根据空格前的But和空格后的“It drops figs everywhere.”可知，马利克抱怨无花果掉得到处都是。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉达笑了，拿起它，咬了一口。A. breath呼吸；B. test测试；C. bite咬；D. break休息。根据下文“Perfect. Pick me a bunch. I’ll make fig cakes.”并结合语境可知，吉达拿起无花果咬了一口。take a bite意为“吃一口”。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马利克把它放进了他的嘴里，希望它不会太糟糕。A. unhealthy不健康的；B. awful糟糕的；C. authentic真正的；D. scarce缺乏的。根据“put it in his mouth.”可知，马利克希望无花果蛋糕的味道不会太糟糕。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一边咀嚼一边睁大了眼睛。A. widened放宽，睁大；B. moved移动；C. focused使聚焦；D. opened开。根据下文“It was delicious. He eyed the tree in the backyard.”可知，因为无花果蛋糕好吃，所以他边嚼边睁大眼睛。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：用它能制作多少无花果蛋糕？A. produce生产；制造；B. donate捐赠；C. deliver递送，交付；D. exchange交换。根据上文“I’ll make fig cakes.”并结合语境可知，马利克问用它能制作多少无花果蛋糕。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马利克抓起他的手机，兴奋地开始发短信。A. connected连接；B. picked捡起；C. grabbed抓住；D. answered回答。根据“and started texting in a(n) ____13____ of excitement.”可知，马利克抓起手机发短信。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：马利克抓起他的手机，兴奋地开始发短信。A. series系列；B. awareness认识；C. range范围；D. rush匆忙。根据“Malik ____12____ his phone”可知，马利克找到筹集资金的途径，所以兴奋地开始给足球队成员发短信。in a rush of excitement表示“在一阵兴奋中”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上的晚餐上，吉达和妈妈分享了他们的计划，她骄傲地微笑着，重复着马利克给她的头衔：“团队祖母”。A. politely礼貌地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. shyly害羞地；D. bitterly悲痛地。根据“as she repeated the ____15____ Malik gave on her, “Team Grandmother”.”并结合语境可知，因为有了新的头衔，所以她骄傲地微笑着。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上的晚餐上，吉达和妈妈分享了他们的计划，她骄傲地微笑着，重复着马利克给她的头衔：“团队祖母”。 A. position位置；B. reward报答；C. title称号；D. comment评论。根据“Malik gave on her, “Team Grandmother”.”可知，“团队祖母”是马利克给吉达的头衔。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，厨房里充满了活力。A. tension紧张；B. hope希望；C. calmness冷静；D. energy活力。根据“Walking slowly ____17____ the excited boys, Gidda taught them to make fig cakes.”并结合语境可知，整个厨房里充满了活力。故选D。
37题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：吉达在兴奋的孩子们中间慢慢地走着，教他们做无花果蛋糕。 A. with带着；B. off离开；C. among在……之中；D. towards向。根据“Gidda taught them to make fig cakes.”可知，吉达在孩子们中间走着，教他们做无花果蛋糕。教故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：很快无花果饼就堆了起来。A. grew up成长；B. came up靠近；C. packed up打包；D. piled up堆积。根据“Walking slowly ____17____ the excited boys, Gidda taught them to make fig cakes.”可知，众多的人做无花果饼，所以做好的饼很快堆积起来。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如马利克预测的那样，吉达的无花果蛋糕非常畅销，很快就卖完了。A. promised承诺；B. predicted预测；C. announced通告；D. identified识别。根据上文“Malik said. “We’ll sell them!”可知，正如马利克预测的那样，吉达的无花果蛋糕很快就卖完了。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如马利克预测的那样，吉达的无花果蛋糕非常畅销，很快就卖完了。A. profit利润；B. investment投资；C. hit成功而风行一时的事物；D. practice练习。根据“and they were quickly sold out.”可知，吉达的无花果蛋糕非常畅销。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷
注意：将答案写在答题卷上。写在本试卷上无效。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
AR enhances our experience of the real world with digital information and pictures. During the past few years, it ____41____ (reveal) its power to revolutionize our lives. AR apps and devices are now available as educational aids, which, ____42____ (use) appropriately, allow students to learn in an interactive and engaging way.
One of the greatest benefits of using AR in education so far is that it has brought science to life. Its potential ____43____ (bring) the same life to other subjects is equally promising. For example, in Geography classes, AR might allow students to view amazing natural phenomena ____44____ the limitations of time or place. In History lessons, students could engage with historical ____45____ (figure). Advocates of AR in education also emphasize its usefulness in remote locations, ____46____ students do not have easy access to museums or science exhibitions.
Despite the numerous advantages associated with using AR in education, not everybody ____47____ (convince) that it is a positive development. Critics point out that students are so focused on the 3D display that they don’t attend to the lesson. ____48____ actually once students become accustomed to these 3D projections, they will be able to refocus on the subject at hand.
It is evident that the ____49____ (adopt) of AR technology by educators will be a positive development for all involved. It is early days for the use of this technology but its applications in education seem limitless. It is only when we embrace such innovations in technology _____50_____ we can learn of their full potential and develop them.
【答案】41. has revealed
42. used 43. to bring
44. without##beyond
45. figures
46. where 47. is convinced
48. But##Yet
49. adoption
50. that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AR技术在教学中的作用，一方面该技术会使得课堂更具活力，但另一方面人们也担心该技术会影响学生的专注度。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，它已经显示出彻底改变我们生活的力量。根据时间状语During the past few years可知，时态为现在完成时，主语it和动词reveal之间存在主动关系，单数，所以谓语动词用has。故填has revealed。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：AR应用程序和设备现在可以作为教育辅助工具，如果使用得当，可以让学生以一种互动和参与的方式学习。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。主语AR apps and devices与use之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填used。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它给其他学科带来同样的生命力的潜力同样充满希望。名词potential之后用不定式作后置定语。构成固定搭配：the potential to do sth.做某事的潜力。故填to bring。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，在地理课上，AR可以让学生不受时间和地点的限制，看到令人惊叹的自然现象。固定搭配：without/beyond the limitations不受……的限制。故填without或beyond。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在历史课上，学生可以接触历史人物。名词figure为可数名词，根据句意指的是多个历史人物，所以用复数形式。故填figures。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在教育中支持增强现实技术的人还强调它在偏远地区的实用性，因为那里的学生不容易去博物馆或科学展览。句中先行词为remote locations，在定语从句中担当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【47题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：尽管在教育中使用AR有许多优势，但并不是每个人都相信这是一个积极的发展。根据上下文可知，时态为一般现在时；主语为everybody，单数，和动词convince之间存在被动关系，构成短语：be convinced that相信……。故填is convinced。
【48题详解】
考查连词。句意：但实际上，一旦学生们习惯了这些3D投影，他们就能重新专注于手头的主题。前一句：批评人士指出，学生们太专注于3D显示器，以至于他们没有认真上课；后一句：一旦学生们习惯了这些3D投影，他们就能重新专注于手头的主题。两句话之间存在转折关系，出现在句首，首字母大写。故填But/Yet。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：很明显，教育工作者采用AR技术对所有相关人员来说都是一个积极的发展。根据空前的the以及空后的of可知，空处为adopt的名词形式作主语。故填adoption。
【50题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：只有当我们拥抱这种技术创新时，我们才能了解它们的全部潜力并加以开发。强调句型：It is+被强调部分+that+句子的其余成分，本句被强调的是when引导的时间状语从句。故填that。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌交换修改作文，请修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Tony,
I am glad that you are keen on Chinese idioms. Chinese idioms, mainly consist of four or more Chinese characters, have been appealing to those absorbed in Chinese. As matter of fact, they were an indispensable part of Chinese culture. The benefits of learning it can be listed as following.
First, with a great many of Chinese idioms widely used in our daily life, having a good knowledge of them contribute to better understanding both spoken and written Chinese. Second, they usually possess vivid and profound meanings, making which people try to convey more convincing.
As far as I am concern, I have a preference for the stories behind some Chinese idioms. Not only are they particular interesting, but they also tend to teach some wisdom. I sincerely hope you can learn them well.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】1. consist→consisting
2. matter前加a
3. were→are
4. it→them
5. following→follows
6. 去掉many后的of
7. contribute→contributes
8. which→what
9. concern→concerned
10 particular→particularly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章中作者给朋友介绍了中国成语及其特点。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：汉语成语，主要由四个或四个以上汉字组成，一直吸引着那些学习汉语的人。根据句子结构分析可知，consist为非谓语动词作状语，因逻辑主语Chinese idioms与consist是主动关系，因此需要使用现在分词的形式。故将consist改为consisting。
2. 考查冠词。句意：事实上，它们是中国文化不可或缺的一部分。固定搭配“As a matter of fact”意为“实际上”,matter的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a，故在matter前加a。
3. 考查时态。句意：事实上，它们是中国文化不可或缺的一部分。根据语篇语境可知，本文是描述中国成语，属于一般事实，需要使用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
4. 考查代词。句意：学习它们的好处可以罗列如下。根据上文“Chinese idioms(中国成语)”可知，此处代词代指的是复数名词Chinese idioms，因此代词需要使用them，故将it改为them。
5. 考查副词短语。句意：学习它们的好处可以罗列如下。根据短语“as follows”意为“如下所述”，故将following改为follows。
6. 考查形容词短语。句意：很多成语在日常生活中被广泛应用。a great many意为“大量的”，直接修饰名词，不需要使用介词of，故将of删除。
7. 考查主谓一致。句意：对它们的了解有助于更好地理解汉语的口语和书面语。根据句子结构分析可知，此处主语“having a good knowledge of them(掌握成语)”为单数概念，因此谓语动词需使用第三人称单数形式。故将contribute改为contributes。
8. 考查宾语从句。句意：其次，它们通常具有生动而丰富的含义，使人们试图传达的内容更有说服力。根据句子结构分析可知，此句为连词引导从句作make的宾语，从句中缺少宾语，且指代事物，因此需要使用连词what，故将which改为what。
9. 考查形容词。句意：就我而言，我更喜欢一些中国成语背后的故事。根据句子结构分析可知，am后需要使用形容词作表语，as far as I am concerned“就我而言”。故将concern改为concerned。
10. 考查副词。句意：它们不仅特别有趣，而且往往传递智慧。根据句子结构分析可知，此处需使用副词修饰形容词interesting。故将particular改为particularly。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假如你是校英文报“走近科学（Approaching Science）”专栏编辑李华，该专栏拟刊登介绍神州十三（Shenzhou XIII）返航情况及意义的文章，请你写一封信向科学社团成员约稿，要点如下：
1. 栏目介绍；
2. 稿件要求（内容、字数等）；
3. 截稿日期及投稿邮箱（science@163.com）。
注意：1. 词数为100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节使行文连贯。
Dear Science Club members,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Science Club members,
I’m Li Hua, an editor of the “Approaching Science” column of our school’s English newspaper. I’d like to invite you to write an article for the column.
The “Approaching Science” column, which is highly popular among us students, carries articles about hot science news and fun general knowledge about science. What is the most inspiring lately is the return of Shenzhou XIII. I’d appreciate it if you could write something about it. The content is expected to be about some detailed information on the return of Shenzhou XIII and its significance. 400 words would be fine. In addition, in order to make readers understand, please explain some possible technical terms in your article nicely and simply. You are supposed to submit your article to the mailbox: science@163.com by June 7.
Looking forward to your excellent work.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以校英文报“走进科学”栏目编辑身份写信向科学社团成员约稿，具体包括栏目介绍、稿件要求、截止时间及投稿邮箱。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
非常：highly→ extremely/immensely
有趣的：fun→ interesting
鼓舞人心的：inspiring→ encouraging
详细的：detailed→ in detail
出色的：excellent→ superb
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition, in order to make readers understand, please explain some possible technical terms in your article nicely and simply.
拓展句：In addition, please explain some possible technical terms in your article nicely and simply so that readers can understand.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The “Approaching Science” column, which is highly popular among us students, carries articles about hot science news and fun general knowledge about science.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】What is the most inspiring lately is the return of Shenzhou XIII.(运用了what引导的主语从句)
【高分句型3】I’m Li Hua, an editor of the “Approaching Science” column of our school’s English newspaper.(运用了同位语)