2022届辽宁省东北育才学校高三下学期模拟考试独立练习英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022届辽宁省东北育才学校高三下学期模拟考试独立练习英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高三模拟高考独立练习 英语学科
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话
1.When does the study group plan to meet?
A. On the weekends. B. On Wednesday evenings. C. Every evening.
2. Why does Alice own her good performance?
A. Because of her parents B. Because of her hard training. C. Because of her music teacher
3. Who will go to a Christmas party?
A. Dorothy. B. Steven. C. Steven and his family
4.What happened to Kim?
A. She lost her job. B. She found a new job. C. She was seriously ill.
5.When does the next bus leave for the downtown?
A. At 9:20. B. At 9:40. C. At 9:45.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
5.What's the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Classmates. C. Interviewer and interviewee
7. What does the woman complain about?
A. The company. B. The traffic. C. The train
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How did the man get hurt?
A. Someone cut him with a knife
B. He fell over and hurt his foot.
C. He fell on the ground and hurt his leg.
9. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Stop all his training. B. Keep the wound clean. C. Continue to practice as usual.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Who has not given up smoking?
A. Sarah. B. Bill. C. Bill's wife
11. Why did Sarah give up smoking?
A Because she took Bill’s advice.
B. Because it was bad for her temper.
C. Because her husband often became angry with her.
12. What happened to Bill and Sarah's husband?
A. They never stayed at home.
B. They suffered from their wives' bad temper.
C. They bought cigarettes for their wives.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who is behind the wheel?
A. The woman. B. The man. C. A policeman.
14. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Driver and passenger. B. Trainer and trainee. C. Policeman and suspect.
15. Where will they go next?
A. To the police station. B. To the garage. C. To the petrol station
16. What is the first to do when driving?
A. Fastening the safety belt. B. Checking the mirrors. C. Filling the tank up.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Which website made a comparison between different companies?
A.Apple.com. B. LinkedIn.com. C. Grammarly.com.
18. Why did Coke have a bigger share of the cola market according to Grammarly. com?
A. It made fewer mistakes than Pepsi.
B. It made more mistakes than Pepsi.
C. It made more people buy its products.
19. What can we learn from the examples?
A. Fewer mistakes, less money. B. More mistakes, less money. C. No mistakes, more money.
20. What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A. Grammatical errors may make a difference.
B. Famous companies make no grammatical errors.
C. Grammar experts make a study about famous companies.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
This year we had kids and caregivers in mind. So here are some favorite books for kids picked by readers and expert judges to while away the hours at home.
The Snowy Day
－by Ezra Jack Keats
One morning, a little boy in Brooklyn wakes up to a changed world - shining with fresh snowfall. Young Peter is black.Author and illustrator Ezra Jack Keats was white,but his sensitive description of a child's first experience with snow won the Caldecott Medal and was embraced by parents and children of all colors. (For ages 0 to 2)
Dreamers
－by Yuyi Morales
Yuyi Morales was born in Mexico and came to America with her baby boy in 1999. She builds that experience into a poetic praise for the immigrant experience - for learning a new life and language and for the dreams, hopes and talents immigrants bring to the USA.(For ages 4 to 8)
Hidden Figures
－by Margot Lee Shetterly and Laura Freeman
Margot Lee Shetterly adapts her groundbreaking book about Black female mathematicians at NASA for young readers, with illustrations by Laura Freeman. A great pick for any future mathematician or astronaut.(For ages 4 to 8)
Wells&Wong Mysteries
－by Robin Stevens
Best friends Daisy Wells and Hazel Wong do what any ambitious young women at boarding school would do: They form a detective agency and quickly run up against their first real case when Hazel finds the body of their science teacher on the gymnasium floor.
(For ages 10 and up)
1. Which writer is an award winner?
A. Ezra Jack Keats. B. Yuyi Morales.
C. Margot Lee Shetterly. D. Robin Stevens.
2. Which book is suitable for those who love detective stories?
A. The Snowy Day. B. Dreamers.
C. Hidden Figures. D. Wells &Wong Mysteries.
3. What do Dreamers and Hidden Figures have in common?
A. The way they are created. B. The authors’ experiences.
C. The ages of the potential readers. D. The theme they try to convey.
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些读者和专家评委挑选出一些孩子们最喜欢书籍的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部分The Snowy Day－by Ezra Jack Keats“Author and illustrator Ezra Jack Keats was white,but his sensitive description of a child's first experience with snow won the Caldecott Medal and was embraced by parents and children of all colors.”（作家兼插画家埃兹拉·杰克·济慈（Ezra Jack Keats）是白人，但他对一个孩子第一次体验雪的敏感描述赢得了卡尔德科特奖章，受到了各种肤色的父母和孩子的欢迎。）可知，作家Ezra Jack Keats是一位获奖者。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四部分Wells&Wong Mysteries“They form a detective agency and quickly run up against their first real case when Hazel finds the body of their science teacher on the gymnasium floor.”（他们成立了一家侦探机构，当黑泽尔在体育馆地板上发现他们的科学老师的尸体时，他们很快遇到了第一个真实的案件。）可知，Wells&Wong Mysteries适合喜欢侦探小说的人。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二部分Dreamers和第三部分Hidden Figures内容“For ages 4 to 8”（适合4至8岁）可知，Dreamers and Hidden Figures的共同点是潜在读者的年龄。故选C项。
B
Competing in the Mongol Derby
Standing at the finishing line, 70-year-old Bob Long spent a while reflecting on the achievement he’d just made. Behind him was the wild, endless Mongolian grassland extending into the distance. This American had just become the oldest person to ever complete and win the Mongol Derby, the world’s longest horse race.
Long, a rider all his life, entered the race after being inspired by All the Wild Horses, a movie based on the grueling event.
Fearing that he wouldn’t be able to complete it, he set about preparing his mind and body for this “hardest, toughest, most demanding thing you can do on a horse”, an annual 1, 000-kilometer race that was recognized as the world’s longest horse race by The Guinness Book of Records in 2011. He confirmed his belief that preparation can surpass (超过；胜过) youth, as some of the other riders were less prepared.
Although Long had been riding horses for many years, the hardship and uncertainty of the task pushed him to his limit and forced him to depend entirely on his own will. The race organizers had provided an extensive support network to keep an eye on the participants from afar. Despite that, the physical pressure of riding such a long distance made simple things like squatting (蹲) down at the end of the day almost impossible.
Along the vast race course there were unpredictable circumstances beyond Long’s control, however well prepared he’d been. Weather was one of them, which could switch from heavy rain to burning sun unexpectedly.
Above all else, the biggest obstacle was the state of mind. Without a living soul in sight, Long was desperate for interaction, guidance, and comfort. This feeling of loneliness accounted for his hope that one of his fellow competitors would catch up.
Regardless of the hardship, Long felt a sort of spiritual adventure while traveling through the wilderness. He was provided with some memorable moments while connecting with nature. He also grew to love the country and the communities along the route.
Still holding the passion for riding, Long never dismisses the idea of competing in another Mongol Derby.
4. What distinguished Bob Long from other competitors in the Mongol Derby?
A. He rode the whole race course alone.
B. He completed the toughest part of the course.
C. He was the oldest participant of the horse race.
D. He was most likely to enter the competition again.
5. What played a decisive part in Long’s achievement?
A. His riding horses for many years. .
B. An extensive support network provided by the organizers.
C. His strong willpower.
D. His passion for nature.
6. What was the biggest challenge that Long faced during the race?
A. The changeable weather.
B. The mental state in the course.
C. The difficulty in finding the right route.
D. The physical strain of riding a long distance.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. An introduction to the Mongol Derby. .
B. A review of a film based on the longest horse race.
C. The experience of the Mongol Derby’s oldest winner.
D. The preparations before a long and difficult horse race.
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一位70岁的美国老人完成世界上最长的赛马比赛，并成为有史以来赢得蒙古德比的最年长的人。并讲述了他参加德比的经验。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Standing at the finishing line, 70-year-old Bob Long spent a while reflecting on the achievement he’d just made. Behind him was the wild, endless Mongolian grassland extending into the distance. This American had just become the oldest person to ever complete and win the Mongol Derby, the world’s longest horse race. (站在终点线上，70岁的Bob Long花了一段时间反思他刚刚取得的成就。在他身后，是一望无际的广袤蒙古草原，一直延伸到远处。这位美国人刚刚成为有史以来完成并赢得蒙古德比的最年长的人，这是世界上最长的赛马比赛。)”可知，与其他参赛选手相比，Long是赛马比赛中最年长的参赛选手，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Although Long had been riding horses for many years, the hardship and uncertainty of the task pushed him to his limit and forced him to depend entirely on his own will. (虽然Long已经骑马多年，但任务的艰辛和不确定性将他推向了极限，迫使他完全依靠自己的意志。)”可知，在比赛中，任务的艰辛和不确定性需要Long完全依靠自己的意志。故推知在Long取得的成就中，他自己强大的意志起到决定性作用。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Above all else, the biggest obstacle was the state of mind. (最重要的是，最大的障碍是心态。)”可知，Long在比赛中，心态是他最大的障碍和最大的挑战，故选B。
【7题详解】
文章大意题。根据第一段“Standing at the finishing line, 70-year-old Bob Long spent a while reflecting on the achievement he’d just made. Behind him was the wild, endless Mongolian grassland extending into the distance. This American had just become the oldest person to ever complete and win the Mongol Derby, the world’s longest horse race. (站在终点线上，70岁的Bob Long花了一段时间反思他刚刚取得的成就。在他身后，是一望无际的广袤蒙古草原，一直延伸到远处。这位美国人刚刚成为有史以来完成并赢得蒙古德比的最年长的人，这是世界上最长的赛马比赛。)”及第三段“Fearing that he wouldn’t be able to complete it, he set about preparing his mind and body for this “hardest, toughest, most demanding thing you can do on a horse”, an annual 1, 000-kilometre race that was recognized as the world’s longest horse race by The Guinness Book of Records in 2011. He confirmed his belief that preparation can surpass (超过；胜过) youth, as some of the other riders were less prepared. (由于担心自己无法完成比赛，他开始为可以在赛马上做出最努力，最艰难，最高要求的事，准备好自己的思想和身体。这是一项一年一度的1000公里比赛，被吉尼斯世界纪录认定为2011年世界上最长的赛马比赛。他证实了他的信念，即准备可以超过青年人，因为其他一些骑手准备不足。)”及第四段“Although Long had been riding horses for many years, the hardship and uncertainty of the task pushed him to his limit and forced him to depend entirely on his own will. (虽然Long已经骑马多年，但任务的艰辛和不确定性将他推向了极限，迫使他完全依靠自己的意志。)”及第六段“Above all else, the biggest obstacle was the state of mind. (最重要的是，最大的障碍是心态。)”可知，文章主要讲述一位70岁的美国老人完成世界上最长的赛马比赛，并成为有史以来赢得蒙古德比的最年长的人。并讲述了他参加德比的经验。故选C。
C
It was a pleasant surprise to learn this week that three large poultry companies had greatly reduced their use of antibiotics in healthy chickens, a move that could help slow the appearance of antibiotic resistance in bacteria that cause diseases in humans. Other companies ought to follow the lead of these pioneers, and Congress ought to ban the use of medically important antibiotics in animal husbandry except to cure sick animals.
Strong action is needed because many germs that infect humans are growing resistant to treatment with antibiotics. Such resistance occurs unavoidably over time as antibiotic kills off vulnerable strains of a germ and leaves only the more resistant strains to multiply. But in recent decades the growth of resistance has been increased by overuse of antibiotics in agriculture, where companies routinely use the drugs to promote growth on less feed and to prevent disease in healthy animals. As a result, some germs that infect both animals and humans have become resistant to antibiotics, and even germs that do not infect humans are capable of transferring their antibiotic-resistance genes to germs that do.
That is why the report in Sunday’s Times by Marian Burros was so encouraging. She found that three poultry companies that produce a third of the chickens consumed by Americans each year - Foster Farms, Perdue Farms and Tyson Foods — have greatly reduced the use of antibiotics in healthy chickens and are using them primarily to treat sick chickens.
There is no reason that other poultry producers could not do the same, and probably the pork and beef industries as well. It is unacceptable that any industry should use medically important antibiotics for the economic purpose of fostering growth. Congress and the Food and Drug Administration need to restrain the use of animal antibiotics that are related to human medicines.
8. it can be inferred from the first paragraph that _________ .
A. three poultry companies are forced to use fewer antibiotics
B. other companies have followed the practice of the pioneers
C. antibiotic resistance in bacteria may result in human disease
D. antibiotics are never needed in whatever kind of situations
9. Why does the author mention Marian Burros’ report?
A. To illustrate how the three poultry companies use antibiotics
B. To emphasize the functions of antibiotics in animal husbandry
C. To show the author’s prediction of the future use of antibiotics
D. To represent the decline in antibiotics use in the poultry industry
10. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “restrain” in Paragraph 4?
A. increase B. limit C. promote D. restore
11. What is the author’s attitude to the use of antibiotics to make profit?
A. Intolerable B. Favorable C. Neutral D. Ambiguous
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三大家禽公司已经大大减少了抗生素的使用，这一举措可以减缓导致人类疾病的细菌中抗生素耐药性的出现，同时也介绍了抗生素导致细菌耐药性增强的现象，呼吁其它的家禽业也减少抗生素的使用。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was a pleasant surprise to learn this week that three large poultry companies had greatly reduced their use of antibiotics in healthy chickens, a move that could help slow the appearance of antibiotic resistance in bacteria that cause diseases in humans.(令人惊喜的是，本周得知三家大型家禽公司大幅减少了健康鸡的抗生素使用量，这一举措可能有助于减缓导致人类疾病的细菌出现抗生素耐药性的速度。)”可知，细菌对抗生素的耐药性可能导致人类疾病。故选C。
9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“She found that three poultry companies that produce a third of the chickens consumed by Americans each year—Foster Farms, Perdue Farms and Tyson Foods—have greatly reduced the use of antibiotics in healthy chickens and are using them primarily to treat sick chickens.(她发现，美国人每年消费的鸡中有三分之一是由三家家禽公司生产的——福斯特农场、珀杜农场和泰森食品——已经大大减少了对健康鸡使用抗生素，而主要是用于治疗生病的鸡。)”可推断，三家家禽公司抗生素使用减少，作者提到了Marian Burros的报告是为了表示家禽行业抗生素使用量的下降。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中“There is no reason that other poultry producers could not do the same, and probably the pork and beef industries as well. It is unacceptable that any industry should use medically important antibiotics for the economic purpose of fostering growth.(没有理由其他家禽生产商不能这样做，也许猪肉和牛肉行业也可以。任何行业为了促进增长的经济目的而使用医学上重要的抗生素，这是不可接受的) ”可知，家禽饲养使用抗生素是不对的，故国会和食品药品管理局需要限制使用与人类药物有关的动物抗生素。故画线词restrain意思是“限制”。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is unacceptable that any industry should use medically important antibiotics for the economic purpose of fostering growth.(任何行业为了促进增长的经济目的而使用医学上重要的抗生素，这是不可接受的) ”可推断，作者认为用抗生素赚钱不可容忍。故选A。
D
Psychologists who study creative accomplishments throughout the life cycle generally find that creativity peaks between the ages of mid to late 30s or early 40s.They tend to view creativity from the perspective of creative and innovative disciplines, rather than individual accomplishment. And they find little variation across different professions and disciplines of creativity and innovation, such as the arts and sciences.
At What Age Does Creativity Peak? A new study shows that it counts on whether you are a conceptual or an experimental thinker.
But according to two economics professors at Ohio State University, that’s only part of the story. Their research, which looked at 31 Nobel Prize Winners in the field of economics and when they made their most significant contributions to the field, uncovered evidence of two peak cycles of individual creativity in the sciences, one that surfaces very early in some people’s careers, and another that, for others, rises up later in their lives. The difference between those who experience a peak in creativity during their mid twenties and those who are more likely to peak in their mid 50s, the researchers say, is in the type of creativity involved.
People who are conceptual innovators — those who think out of the box and challenge conventional wisdom — tend to come up with new ideas and innovations automatically and peak at an earlier age. Those creators who are more experimental — who build on their knowledge and accepted theories throughout their careers and ultimately find new and innovative ways to analyze that knowledge — tend to peak later in life.
Past research has shown that conceptual artists — poets, painters and novelists — who have clear and more immediate goals for their work, such as to communicate very specific and timely ideas or emotions, work in a different time frame than experimental artists, whose goals are less clear and less precise and who work through trial and error at a more gradual pace. Examples of conceptual innovators include Pablo Picasso, T.S. Eliot, Herman Melville, and Albert Einstein, all of whom contributed their most innovative work while they were young. Examples of experimental innovators include Paul Cezanne, Robert Frost, Virginia Woolf, and Charles Darwin.
The researchers believe that their findings on this view of creativity — that your most creative period is more a product of the type of creator you are and the nature of your work than of the particular field you are in — extend to other academic and scholarly disciplines as well. If you are a conceptual thinker, you are likely to be more creative when you are younger; if you are an experimental thinker, you are likely to do your most creative work when you are older, perhaps even past middle age. In theory, then, there are no limitations to creativity. You could end up doing your best work in your forties, fifties, sixties or even later.
12. What can affect the age of Creativity Peak?
A. Different professions.
B. Different disciplines.
C. The type of research.
D. The type of thinker.
13. The persons who ________ will peak later in life.
A. challenge conventional wisdom
B. have immediate goals for their work
C. share specific and timely ideas
D. work through trial and error gradually
14. What can we conclude from the passage?
A. An experimental thinker may be more innovative.
B. Creativity without limitations may peak at any age.
C. A scientist is more likely to do creative work than an artist.
D. The person who has less precise goals can do more creative work.
15. In writing this passage, the author aims to_________ .
A. reveal when the accomplishment peaks
B. analyze how to be more creative
C. explain the factors that influence creativity peaks
D. present the importance and limitations to creativity
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12 D 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释影响创造力高峰的因素。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“At What Age Does Creativity Peak? A new study shows that it counts on whether you are a conceptual or an experimental thinker.(创造力在什么年龄达到顶峰？一项新的研究表明，这取决于你是一个概念思考者还是一个实验思考者)”可知，思考者类型会影响创造力顶峰年龄。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Those creators who are more experimental — who build on their knowledge and accepted theories throughout their careers and ultimately find new and innovative ways to analyze that knowledge — tend to peak later in life.(那些更具实验性的创造者——他们在整个职业生涯中建立在自己的知识和接受理论的基础上，并最终找到新的和创新的方法来分析这些知识——往往会在晚年达到顶峰)”可知，那些通过尝试和错误逐渐工作的人，在晚年会达到顶峰。故选D。
14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“In theory, then, there are no limitations to creativity. You could end up doing your best work in your forties, fifties, sixties or even later.(理论上，创造力是没有限制的。你可能会在40岁、50岁、60岁甚至更晚的时候完成最好的工作)”可知，不受限制的创造力可能在任何年龄达到顶峰。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“At What Age Does Creativity Peak? A new study shows that it counts on whether you are a conceptual or an experimental thinker.(创造力在什么年龄达到顶峰？一项新的研究表明，这取决于你是一个概念思考者还是一个实验思考者)”及全文可推断，作者写本文的目的主要解释影响创造力高峰的因素。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Dealing with judgment from other people can be tough.____16____But you can cope with their criticism using positivity and sympathy. The tips below will show you the best ways to respond when someone judges you.
____17____
Try not to take any judgmental words personally. Remember that a judgmental person’s words are a reflection of their own beliefs-and not yours. Remind yourself of all the things you do well, and keep a list of your best traits and achievements to boost your confidence.
Be sympathetic.
____18____ It could be that they were judged themselves by parents, family, or friends, in which case this person’s critical attitude would be something they learned. While that doesn’t excuse their behavior, having compassion can inform your response. Say things like “I'm not sure I agree, but I understand your position and I'll take time to think it over. Thank you for sharing.”
Ask for clarification.
Judgmental people may not know they’re being rude or unreasonable. Ask this person to explain what they said, and find out their motivation for saying it.____19____Before you interpret this person’s words a certain way, make sure you know their true meaning and why they felt the need to judge you.
Calm down and respond rationally(理性地).
Being judged is never fun, and it’s natural for you to feel hurt and emotional right after it happens.____20____Getting defensive or judgmental in return is unlikely to help them see the error of their ways, and more likely to start a fight. If you get angry, take several deep breaths until you feel yourself calming down. Excuse yourself briefly if you need to. Take a quick walk, and return to the conversation when you feel ready.
A. So you should stay collected.
B. Separate yourself from the judgment
C. Judgmental people are just unavoidable.
D. Try understanding the source of this person’s judgment.
E. Think of each situation where you feel judged as a learning experience.
F. Explain why their words have bothered you and make sure this doesn’t happen again.
G. Some people have good intentions but end up sounding judgmental when they’re trying to help.
【16~20题答案】
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要针对如何正确处理来自他人的评价给出了四点建议。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Dealing with judgment from other people can be tough.(应对来自别人的评论是很难的一件事。)”以及空后“But you can cope with their criticism using positivity and sympathy.(但你可以用积极和同情来应对他们的批评。)”可知，空前提出应对评论很难，空后转折，但是可以用积极和同情来应对，故C项“品头论足的人是不可避免的”符合，此选项的Judgmental与空后的criticism相呼应。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据本段首句“Try not to take any judgmental words personally.(不要把任何评头论足的话当作是针对你个人的。)”以及本段内容可知，本段主要是讲建议大家要将自己从评价中分离开来，故B项“将自己和评论分离开来”符合本段标题，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据空后“It could be that they were judged themselves by parents, family, or friends, in which case this person's critical attitude would be something they learned.(可能是父母、家人或朋友对他们进行了评判，在这种情况下，这个人的批评态度可能是他们学到的东西。)”可知，此处讲来自父母、家人或者朋友的批评可能对本人有所影响，故D“试着理解这个人评价的原因”是对空前的进一步解释，都是在介绍别人评价的起源和原因，且与标题含义“同情、理解”相关。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Judgmental people may not know they’re being rude or unreasonable. Ask this person to explain what they said, and find out their motivation for saying it.(爱评判别人的人可能不知道他们是粗鲁的或不讲道理的。请这个人解释一下他们说了什么，并找出他们这么说的动机。)”可知，G项“有些人本意是好的，但在他们试图帮助别人的时候，却听起来像是在评判别人”是空前的顺义承接，表示他们可能原本是好意，与下文表示“要明白这个人话里的真正意思和这么说的原因”语境相符。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Being judged is never fun, and it’s natural for you to feel hurt and emotional right after it happens.(被人评判从来都不是一件有趣的事，当这种事发生后，你会很自然地感到受伤和情绪激动。)”及空后“Getting defensive or judgmental in return is unlikely to help them see the error of their ways, and more likely to start a fight.(以自卫或评判的方式作为回报，不太可能帮助他们看清自己的错误，反而更有可能引发争斗。)”可知，以批判的态度去回击别人是不可取的做法，那相反，我们应该保持冷静。故A项“所以你应该保持镇静”符合语境，此选项中的stay collected与小标题Calm down呼应。故选A。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many people have a love for adventure because the excitement they experience is addictive.
Gurbaz Singh is only 16 and yet on Monday he led a group of ___21___ up Mount Hood in Oregon.The climb is a hard one，and requires ___22___ adventurers—but Singh already has climbed 97 mountains.By all appearances，he was well ___23___ to make the climb.
Conditions on the mountain are ___24___ in the winter.Hikers know that one misplaced step can be the beginning of the ___25___—but that doesn’t stop them from ___26___.
When approaching the highest top，Singh ___27___ and fell for roughly 500 feet.Later several teams came to ___28___ him，making the 10，500-foot climb to where Singh was located.
On hearing about the ___29___，Singh’s father drove from Canada to Portland.He was glad his son is ___30___，and he knows the injury won’t keep him from trying again.
“He thought he was going to ___31___ somewhere and he was trying to prevent the ___32___with his tool but it just didn’t happen because he was ___33___ so fast that he couldn’t do it，”the father said.“My family and my son want to ___34___ everyone who helped save him.This was to be his 98th summit(峰顶).We will be back soon to finish the ___35___.”
21. A. researchers B. students C. climbers D. campers
22. A. talented B. skilled C. aged D. appointed
23. A. organized B. dressed C. educated D. prepared
24. A. icy B. good C. ordinary D. favorable
25. A. attempt B. experiment C. end D. journey
26. A. measuring B. trying C. investigating D. volunteering
27. A. slipped B. turned C. hesitated D. paused
28. A. challenge B. contact C. support D. rescue
29. A. incident B. response C. conflict D. deed
30. A. healthy B. relaxed C. brave D. safe
31. A. escape B. hide C. stop D. die
32. A. fall B. fight C. disaster D. failure
33 A. running B. rolling C. moving D. rising
34. A. visit B. award C. comfort D. thank
35. A. race B. job C. flight D. training
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名16岁的登山爱好者古尔巴兹·辛格在一次登山中从山上摔落后获救的故事。他虽然受伤， 但是从不放弃，仍然会继续攀登高山。
【详解】1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：年仅16岁的古尔巴兹·辛格周一带领一群登山者登上了俄勒冈州的胡德山。A. researchers 研究人员；B. students 学生；C. climbers 登山者；D. campers 露营者。由胡德山（Mount Hood）结合上下文可知，他领着一群登山者登山。故选C项。
2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次艰难的攀登，需要有经验的冒险家——但辛格已经爬了97座山。A. talented 有天赋的；B. skilled 有经验，有技巧的；C. aged 老龄化的；D. appointed被指定的。根据上文的 “hard ”可知，这次登山非常艰难，因此需要这些冒险者有经验，有技术。故选B项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从各方面看来，他已做好了爬山的充分准备。A. organized 组织；B. dressed 穿；C. educated 教育；D. prepared 准备。根据上文可知，他已经成功地攀登了 97 座山峰，因此这次他做好了充分的准备。故选D项。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冬天山上的条件是冰冷的。A. icy冰冷的、结冰的； B. good 好的；C. ordinary 平凡的，普通的；D. favorable 有利的，赞成的。根据“ in the winter ”以及下文 “fell for roughly 500 feet ”可推知，攀登的道路应该是结冰的，比较滑。故选A项。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：徒步旅行者知道，一步走错可能是终点的开始——但这并不妨碍他们继续尝试。A. attempt 尝试；B. experiment 试验；C. end 结局、结束；D. journey旅程。由上文可知攀登的条件非常恶劣，所以走错将可能会是丧命（结束）的开始，短语the beginning of the end“结束的前兆；结局的开始”。故选C项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：徒步旅行者知道，一步走错可能是终点的开始——但这并不妨碍他们继续尝试。A. measuring 测量；B. trying 尝试，努力；C. investigating 调查；D. volunteering 志愿。根据上文可知，虽然困难重重，但是那不能阻止他们尝试攀登。故选B项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当接近最高点时，辛格滑倒，跌落了大约500英尺。A. slipped 滑，溜；B. turned 转向；C. hesitated 犹豫；D. paused 暂停。根据语境以及“fell”可知，他滑了一下，摔了下去。故选A项。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，几支队伍赶来营救他，爬了10500英尺来到了辛格所在的地方。A. challenge 挑战；B. contact 联系；C. support 支持；D. rescue 援救。辛格滑倒摔落，所以不久后，几支队伍前来营救他。故选D项。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到这个意外后，辛格的父亲开车从加拿大去了波特兰。A. incident意外、事故；B. response 回应；C. conflict 冲突；D. deed 行为。由上文可知，辛格发生了意外，他的父亲听说了这次意外。故选A项。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很高兴儿子平安无事，他知道受伤不会阻止他再次尝试。A. healthy 健康的；B. relaxed 放松的；C. brave 勇敢的；D. safe 安全的。由于他的儿子已经获救，因此他为儿子的安全感到高兴。故选D项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位父亲说:“他以为自己要在某个地方停下来，于是就用工具试图阻止自己掉下去，但却没有成功，因为他滚得太快了，他做不到。”A. escape 逃脱；B. hide 隐藏；C. stop 停止；D. die 死亡。根据语境可知，此处是父亲讲述他儿子遇险的情境，结合下一句提到“用工具防止自己掉下去”可知当时 Singh 是想停在某个地方。故选C项。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位父亲说:“他以为自己要在某个地方停下来，于是就用工具试图阻止自己掉下去，但却没有成功，因为他滚得太快了，他做不到。”A. fall 坠落；B. fight 斗争；C. disaster 灾难；D. failure 失败。根据前面提到“他想在某个地方停下来”以及下文“滚得太快”可知，他极力地使用自己的工具来阻止坠落。故选A项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位父亲说:“他以为自己要在某个地方停下来，于是就用工具试图阻止自己掉下去，但却没有成功，因为他滚得太快了，他做不到。”A. running 跑步；B. rolling 翻滚；C. moving 移动；D. rising 上升。根据他没有成功停下来可知，当坠落的时候，因为他滚动得太快了，导致他无法使自己停下来。故选B项。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的家人和儿子想感谢所有帮助救他的人。A. visit参观，拜访； B. award 奖励；C. comfort 安慰；D. thank 感谢。由前文可知几个救援队帮助了辛格，此处表示要感谢那些提供帮助的人们。故选D项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这将是他第98次攀登高峰。我们很快就会回来完成这项工作。A. race 比赛；B. job 工作，任务；C. flight 飞行；D. training 训练。根据上文可知，这是他攀登的第 98 座山峰，因此他养好伤之后，会回来完成这个任务。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase ___36___ (appreciate) of China’s ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Magao Caves, ___37___ were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China’s ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs ___38___ (produce) since the international project started in 1994.
The Magao Caves have long been ___39___ meeting point for different cultures. Today, the caves are just as international as they ___40___ (be) at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people ___41___ (admire) in America.
By___42___ (share) so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even ___43___ (wide) interest around the world in China’s ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future ___44___ (generation) to understand and appreciate. As one researcher who is working ____45____ the project explains, “Appreciating the cultural heritage is very important for international communication and understanding.”
【36~45题答案】
【答案】36. appreciation
37. which 38. have been produced
39. a 40. were
41. to admire
42. sharing
43. wider 44. generations
45. on
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了莫高窟文物数字图像采集工作的进程、历史重要性以及采集来的数字图像的用途。
【36题详解】
考查名词。动词increase后接名词形式作宾语。故填appreciation。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，这是非限定性定语从句。先行词为the Magao Caves，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：自从1994年这个国际项目开始后，大约已经生成五十万份高质量的数字影像。由时间状语since可知，应使用现在完成时。主语digital photographs与produce之间是被动关系，所以应使用被动语态。且主语是复数形式，故填have been produced。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。名词point为可数名词，且前面的meeting是以辅音音素发音开头，所以用不定冠词a。a meeting point表示“一个交集点”。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：现在这些石窟就像当年人们走丝绸之路时一样具有国际性。根据“at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.”可知用一般过去时，根据主语they可知，谓语用复数形式。故填were。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：世界各地的游客来敦煌看石窟，洛杉矶盖蒂博物馆复制了这些石窟和画，让人们在美国就可以欣赏。这里用不定式的复合结构：for sb. to do sth.作定语，修饰名词copy。 故填to admire。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动名词形式。故填sharing。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。空格位于名词前，应用形容词形式。even修饰形容词的比较级,再根据句意“该组织希望能在世界范围内引起人们对中国古代历史的更广泛兴趣”。故填wider。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：他们还希望进一步教育人们保护历史和文化遗产的重要性，让子孙后代了解和欣赏。名词generation为可数名词，且前无冠词，所以用复数形式表示泛指。故填generations。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：一位从事该项目的研究人员解释说，“欣赏文化遗产对国际交流和理解非常重要。”短语work on从事于……。故填on。
第四部分：写作（共两节,满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，下周你校将开展中国传统文化周活动。你已邀请交换生 Jerry 观看下周六学校古典音乐俱乐部举行的古筝表演, 但该表演因故取消。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 告知表演取消；
2. 提议参加其它活动；
3. 期待回复。
注意：1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇： 古筝 the Chinese Zither
【46题答案】
【答案】Dear Jerry,
I regret to inform you that the Chinese Zither performance scheduled at 6 P. M. next Thursday has to be canceled. It happens that some of the actors will participate in the art festival of the city at that time.
It is a pity that we can't appreciate the splendid performance by actors in traditional costumes. Would you like to attend the Chinese Classics reciting contest on Friday instead? It provides another opportunity to explore the charm of Chinese culture. I bet it will never fail to satisfy you.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生Jerry写封邮件告知古筝表演因故取消的消息。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
内容包括：
1. 告知表演取消；
2. 提议参加其它活动；
3. 期待回复。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
regret to do；be scheduled at；participate in；explore the charm of Chinese culture；fail to do;look forward to
第三步：连词成句
1. I regret to inform you that the Chinese Zither performance scheduled at 6 P. M. next Thursday has to be canceled.
2. It happens that some of the actors will participate in the art festival of the city at that time.
3. It is a pity that we can't appreciate the splendid performance by actors in traditional costumes.
4. I bet it will never fail to satisfy you.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1] I regret to inform you that the Chinese Zither performance scheduled at 6 P. M. next Thursday has to be canceled.句中使用that引导的宾语从句，过去分词作后置定语。
[高分句型2] It happens that some of the actors will participate in the art festival of the city at that time.句子中it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。
[高分句型3] It is a pity that we can't appreciate the splendid performance by actors in traditional costumes.运用固定句型，其中it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My parents do a lot of embarrassing things! Usually, it’s my dad who sings silly songs or tells corny jokes around my friends. But a few weeks ago, it was my mother who played the embarrassing-parent role.
While my mom and I were shopping, we ran into my teacher, who mentioned that the school didn’t have a music teacher to help our class put together a performance for Winter Fair. And, right then and there, my mom said, “I know the perfect song and dance. I’ll teach it to the kids!”
Before I could say “Please don’t”, my mom had agreed to come to my class every morning at 9:30 for a week. Oh, and just to be clear, it’s not as if she’s a professional entertainer. My parents run a small grocery store, and the only singing my mom does is in the shower.
“Um,” I said on our way home, “are you sure this is such a good idea?” “Of course!” she said. “If we want your school Winter Fair to happen, people need to step up and volunteer.” “I know volunteering is important,” I said, “but couldn’t you help out in Tex and Indi’s kindergarten instead?” She laughed, “Don’t be silly. We will have fun!”
“OK, fellas!” my teacher said at 9:28 on Monday. “We’re going to stop silent reading a little early today because a special guest is here to help us with a performance for Winter Fair. Let’s all welcome Arizona’s mother.”
I looked up to discover my mom standing at the front of the room wearing the world’s silliest snowflake hat. “I’m super excited to be here with you!” my mom said, “I’m going to teach you a fun little song-and-dance performance I learned a few years back, when I did some theater in college. Here goes!”
Oh please, oh please, I said over and over in my head, let there be a fire drill, or an assembly, or a power failure, or anything to stop my mom from completely embarrassing herself — and me!!!
But apparently, my mom was not at all concerned about looking silly. She turned on some background music and started singing and dancing away.
注意：
1. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
2. 续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1
“How I wish I could find a place to hide!” was all I could think.
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Paragraph 2
My mom turned out to be more than a little OK at performing.
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【47题答案】
【答案】Paragraph 1
“How I wish I could find a place to hide!” was all I could think. I even thought that this would be the most embarrassing moment in my life. Would my classmates and teachers laugh at me for that? What could I do to stop her singing and dancing immediately? I found I couldn’t focus on her performance while she was singing and dancing. However, out of my imagination, all of my classmates and teachers enjoyed it very much. I could tell that from their reaction. Suddenly the applause burst out, which really surprised me.
Paragraph 2
My mom turned out to be more than a little OK at performing. Not only did she present us with a great performance, but also she showed us that it is very important to step up and volunteer. As soon as she walked off the stage, I gave her a big hug and told her I was so proud of her. I'll always stand by her.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者妈妈主动担当博览会表演嘉宾，作者认为妈妈没有天赋会很丢人。但实际上表演很棒，作者感悟应该给予家人足够的信心和支持。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段句首内容“‘我多么希望我能找到一个地方躲藏！’是我唯一能想到的。”可知，第一段描述妈妈表演之前，作者担心妈妈会表现很糟糕。
②由第二段句首内容“我妈妈在表演时表现得非常好。”可知，讲述实际上妈妈的表现比我最初的想象要好的多，并最终感悟，给予妈妈信心和支持最重要。
2. 续写线索：
担心妈妈表现糟糕→妈妈开始表演→同学老师很喜欢→妈妈表演出色→我的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①呈现：present/show

②阻止：stop/hold back
情绪类：
①引以为豪：be proud of/take pride in

②超乎想象：out of imagination/beyond one's imagination

【点睛】【高分句型1】I found I couldn’t focus on her performance while she was singing and dancing.(运用while引导时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】Suddenly the applause burst out, which really surprised me.(运用which引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型3】 Not only did she present us with a great performance, but also she showed us that it is very important to step up and volunteer.(运用not only位于句首引导的倒装句)