专题52 女航天员王亚平与中国航天人-备战2022高考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练(高考模拟+名校真题)

这是一份专题52 女航天员王亚平与中国航天人-备战2022高考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练(高考模拟+名校真题)，共22页。
备战2022高考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练
(高考模拟+名校真题)
专题52 女航天员王亚平与中国航天人
（2022·江苏·三模）BEIJING- Wang Yaping, a taikonaut onboard China’s space station core module (舱), offered people on Earth a zero-gravity musical performance on Tuesday evening to celebrate the Lantern Festival. The space show was shared via a video released at an annual TV gala for the festival celebration. In the video, Wang was seen floating in the space module while playing a guzheng, or Chinese zither. She played a segment of the popular Chinese folk song. “Jasmine Flower”.
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar. People usually hang colorful lanterns, play riddle games and express their wishes and hopes for the future.
The crew members, who traveled to the space station core module on the Shenzhou-13 mission, kept some festive traditions alive as they continued to rotate around the Earth. Commander Zhai Zhigang wrote riddles on red paper scrolls with a brush pen. He displayed the calligraphy together with taikonaut Ye Guangfu and extended festival greetings to the audience. They also sent blessing to athletes at the ongoing Beijing Winter Olympics: “We hope that you all achieve success, gain friendship and harvest your best Olympic experience.”
The video of the space performance was received with much enthusiasm after it was shared on social media platforms. It drew nearly 2 million clicks in one hour after several national media outlets posted it on the Chinese micro-blogging site Sina Weibo. The Weibo account of Zhurong, China’s first rover on Mars, reposted the video, commenting, “The music was so beautiful, and it made me homesick, too.”
The Lantern Festival also marks the last day of the lunar New Year celebration. Though far from home, the festive sentiments in space are the same. The China Manned Space Agency released a video on social media platforms on Tuesday, showing that the taikonauts had decorated the orbiting core module with red lanterns, Chinese knots and paper- cutting decorations. Wearing new clothes, the trio (三人小组) enjoyed the traditions of eating dumplings and posting spring couplets on walls During the Chinese New Year holiday, they were also spotted watching the Winter Olympics and doing workouts in orbit.
1．How did the mass enjoy the musical performance according to the text?
A．By watching a video posted online by Wang Yaping herself.
B．By watching a video coming from a TV gala.
C．By watching the Lantern Festival gala at the scene.
D．By logging on the Internet through computers.
2．What does the underlined word “rotate” mean according to the context?
A．Access. B．Substitute. C．Circle. D．Launch.
3．What can we learn from the text?
A．The video of the space performance became a great hit.
B．Zhai Zhigang showed the calligraphy on his own.
C．The Beijing Winter Olympics had come to an end when the astronauts sent their regards.
D．Wang Yaping shared puzzles on red paper scrolls.
4．Which is the best title of the passage?
A．Chinese folk song “Jasmine Flower” is played on space station
B．Taikonauts send blessings to the, Beijing Winter Olympics athletes
C．Taikonauts keep Lantern Festival traditions alive on space station
D．China makes major breakthroughs in the outer space exploration
（2022·贵州贵阳·高一期末）China’s historic crewed mission arrives at new space station
China’s three-person crew arrived at its new space station Saturday morning-a major step for the country’s young space program, which is rapidly becoming one of the world’s most advanced.
The three astronauts had lifted off on the Shenzhou-13 spacecraft just past midnight local time, launched by a Long March 2F rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the Gobi Desert, located in Inner Mongolia.
China’s Shenzhou-13 crewed(载人)spaceship has now successfully docked(对接)with the radial port of the space station core module(舱)Tianhe at 6:56 Beijing Time on Saturday, according to the China Manned Space Agency. The spacecraft docked at Tiangong Space Station about six and a half hours after launch. The team will live and work at the station for 183 days, or just about six months-the country’s longest mission yet.
The crew includes Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guanfu, who will spend the time testing the station’s technology and conducting spacewalks. Wang, who received an honorary title after participating in a 2013 mission, is China’s first female astronaut on board the space station, and will be the first Chinese woman to conduct a spacewalk.
Six months is the standard mission duration for many countries, but it will be an important opportunity for Chinese astronauts to become accustomed to a long-term stay in space and help prepare future astronauts to do the same.
5．What does the mission mean to China’s space program?
A．The world’s most advanced. B．An important step forward.
C．The same standard mission. D．A chance to reach the top.
6．When did the spacecraft dock at Tiangong Space Station?
A．At midnight local time. B．At 6:50 Beijing Time.
C．About 6.5 hours after launch. D．After 183 days.
7．Who is a woman astronaut?
A．Zhai Zhigang. B．Wang Yaping.
C．Ye Guanfu. D．All the crew.
8．How did the author feel about the mission?
A．Worrying. B．Pointless.
C．Meaningful. D．Unexpected.
（2021·河南新乡·高二期末）Over the past two years, Wang Yaping has experienced over 6,000 hours of strict training, the most exhausting exercise was the seven-hour underwater training session during which she had to wear a special suit that weighed over 100 kilograms to stimulate (模拟) activities in space outside a spacecraft in a weightless environment.
Wang’s dream of becoming an astronaut was inspired by Yang Liwei’s 2003 space flight, which was China’s first manned space mission. “Now China has its first man in space, when will our country have its first woman?” thought Wang, who was then working as a fighter pilot in China’s air force.
In May 2010, Wang became a member of China’s first group of female astronauts. The joy of being selected did not last long as the cruel nature of the training quickly sank in. In the first year, Wang couldn’t get the top level in the high-G training, during which she had to tolerate eight times the force of gravity in a spinning centrifuge (离心机). The training simulates the environment when the spacecraft takes off, enters orbit and returns. Blood can’t flow to the brain properly, causing a temporary lack of oxygen and even blindness. Astronauts must operate the spacecraft while facing that condition.
Wang improved her performance by doing extra core-strength exercises every day to strengthen her back and abdominal (腹部的) muscles. She got the top level finally at the end of 2011. Wang realized her space dream a year later as part of the Shenzhou-10 mission.
Wang Yaping has become the first female astronaut to work in China’s Tiangong space station as well as the first Chinese woman to perform a spacewalk.
9．Why does Wang need to wear a heavy suit during training?
A．To stand the pressure under the water.
B．To protect herself from harm in outside space.
C．To put on her weight in the weightless situation.
D．To practice some activities in zero gravity outside the capsule.
10．What can we infer from the paragraph 2?
A．The China’s space tasks launched in 2003.
B．Wang has served as a fighter pilot in China’s air force.
C．Wang was eager to become the first woman astronaut in China.
D．Yang Liwei sets a good example for other Chinese astronauts.
11．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Weight loss. B．Extreme physical pain.
C．The cruelty of training. D．Mental stress.
12．What is the best title for the text?
A．The future of Chinese manned space mission
B．The Chinese achievements in space exploration
C．The first Chinese female astronaut Wang Yaping
D．The process of Wang Yaping’s training as an astronaut
（2022·湖南益阳·高一期末）On Nov 8. Wang Yaping, a female taikonaut of Shenzhou XIII mission, became China’s first and the world’s 16th female spacewalker. The expected six-month journey in space has left many people curious about the differences between male and female astronauts, especially in terms of performing extravehicular（舱外的）activities (EVAs). Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique advantages.
Mutual understanding between astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs, which is the basis of excellent communication skills. Women arc superior in communication and language expression, and this helps female astronauts conduct EVAs. Female astronauts’ strong communication skills and energy also help the crew maintain high team spirit throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.
Men and women are different in body size, which also gives women unique advantages for spacewalks. A different body shape requires a different spacesuit. A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s EVAs, which was lighter than the male version. Designers optimized （优化） this spacesuit to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.
Many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to carrying out space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking from all angles. Besides, men often do well in shorter-term, goal-oriented situations, while women are better in longer-tenn, habitation-type circumstances, according to National Geographic.
Women’s participation in EVAs is a necessary part of space missions, and we are witnessing （见证）history thanks to Wang’s bravery, according to Pang.
13．What can female astronauts’ communication skills help do?
A．Conduct various tasks. B．Do some space research.
C．Keep the crew’s spirits high. D．Rise to physical challenges.
14．Which of the following is an advantage females have over male astronauts?
A．Females can adapt to space more quickly.
B．Female bodies are stronger and more flexible.
C．Females deal with goal-oriented situations better than males.
D．Females pay more attention to details and think comprehensively.
15．What do we know about Wang’s EVAs?
A．She is the first ever female spacewalker.
B．The spacesuit she wore was specially designed.
C．The mission she carried out showed the power of China.
D．She performed some tasks that her male partners couldn’t do.
16．What is the text mainly about?
A．The importance of female astronauts.
B．The advantages of females performing EVAs.
C．The preparations for the first female spacewalk.
D．The challenges female astronauts face during a spacewalk.
（2022·辽宁营口·高二期末）Chinese astronauts conducted a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students on Thursday afternoon, as they orbited in the Tiangong space station. All members of the Shenzhou XII mission crew, Zhai Zhigang, Ye Guangfu and Wang Yaping, the only woman on the mission, greeted students, teachers and other participants when the lecture started at 3:54 pm. They showed viewers how they live and work inside the space station, which currently consists of a core module, a spacecraft and two robotic cargo spaceships.
The astronauts displayed their exercise equipment and a specially designed space suit, and conducted demonstrations on physical phenomena in microgravity, such as “disappearing buoyancy” and a “water ball”. Ye, who is on his first spaceflight, showed how he rotated his body in the weightless environment. The astronauts also answered questions from students during the lecture.
Tens of millions of primary and middle school students across China watched the hour-long televised event. A total of 1,420 invited students were present at “ground class venues”, with some taking part in video chats with the crew members during the lecture.
It was the first lecture of the Tiangong Class, or Heavenly Palace Class, China’s first extraterrestrial (地球外的) lecture series to popularize space science.
More lectures will be held based on the country’s manned spaceflights and will also be presented by Chinese astronauts, the manned space agency said.
Shi Yi, a physics teacher at the Beijing No. 101 Middle School, said the space lecture was an eye-opening experience that would ignite students’ interest in science.
Wang Yihan, a fifth-grade student at the Yuxin School, said: “The astronauts’ experiments really intrigued and surprised me. I have great interest in spaceflight and would like to take part in our country’s space exploration program in the future.”
Vincent Wong Wai-shing, deputy principal of Hong Kong’s Pui Kiu College, said after watching the lecture that the event gave Hong Kong students an opportunity to communicate with the astronauts while stimulating their interest in space and science.
17．What do we know about the lecture conducted in space?
A．The lecture conducted by three Chinese astronauts lasted nearly an hour.
B．The astronauts showed how they live and work outside the space station.
C．How body is rotated in the normal environment was shown by the crew.
D．The lecture was conducted 400 kilometers above the earth in Tianhe space station.
18．What do we know from the passage?
A．Tiangong is made up of a core module, a spacecraft and a cargo spaceship.
B．AI members of the Shen Zhou XIII mission crew had conducted spaceflights.
C．More lectures in spacecraft have been arranged based on the manned spaceflights.
D．Students present at “ground class venues” thought highly of the lecture.
19．What docs the underlined word mean?
A．Astonished. B．Puzzled. C．Interested. D．Tricked.
20．Which section can you read about the passage in the newspaper?
A．Science & Technology. B．Space exploration.
C．Economy development. D．Innovative teaching.
（2022·湖南衡阳·高一期末）Crew members of China’s Shenzhou XIII mission are scheduled to give a space-based lecture on Thursday afternoon from the orbiting Tiangong space station to students around the world, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
The agency said on Monday that the three astronauts—Major General Zhai Zhigang, Senior Colonel Wang Yaping and Senior Colonel Ye Guangfu—will begin the first lecture of the Tiangong Class, or Heavenly Palace Class, at 3:40 pm Thursday. The lecture will be broadcast live to audiences around the globe. The astronauts will show viewers how they live and work inside the station and then conduct some scientific experiments to show students how gravity works differently in space. They will also answer viewers’ questions at the end of the live-stream event, the agency said.
Groups of students in Beijing, Nanning in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region and Wenchuan in Sichuan province, as well as the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, will take part in video communications during the lecture.
The agency said last week that the coming lecture “will mark the launch of the Tiangong Class, China’s first extraterrestrial lecture series to popularize space science”. It added that such lectures will be based on the country’s manned spaceflights and will be presented by Chinese astronauts. Featuring interactive teaching, the activities will be mainly targeted at youngsters.
The three astronauts are scheduled to spend six months working in the station, making it China’s longest manned space mission.
In June 2013, Wang Yaping took part in the Shenzhou X mission that lasted nearly 15 days. During that mission, she carried out the nation’s first space-based lecture inside an experimental space station module to more than 60 million Chinese students. This made China the second country, following the United States, to hold a space-based class for students.
21．According to the passage, what viewers can do during the lecture?
a. learn about astronauts’ space life and work
b. carry out space scientific experiments themselves
c. observe how gravity works differently in space
d. have their questions answered at the end of the lecture
A．abd B．acd C．abc D．bcd
22．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Only students from 5 regions can enjoy the space-based class.
B．This lecture is markedly targeted at popularizing space science.
C．Wang Yaping is to give a lecture from space for the second time.
D．The space-based lecture in 2013 was broadcast live in China.
23．What made China the second country to hold a space-based class for students?
A．The Shenzhou X mission. B．Wang Yaping’s space lecture.
C．Staying in space for 15 days. D．The new space station module.
24．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Chinese Astronauts to Give Lecture from Space
B．A Lecture about Space Live-stream Broadcast
C．China’s Second Longest Manned Space Mission
D．An Unforgettable Experience of Tiangong Class
（2022·山西太原·高二期末）The latest Chinese mission to space has made Wang Yaping the first Chinese woman to perform a spacewalk. Before Wang, only 15 women globally had conducted spacewalks since 1984. In the 60 years during which humans have been launched into the orbit, an all-female mission tends to be avoided because it seems like a stunt to purposefully draw attention. But Shenzhou XIII’s six-month journey in space has left much curiosity about the differences between male and female astronauts. Despite great challenges, women’s bodies and minds are uniquely suited for space missions.
First, the weight advantage. Lower body weights are just a small part of it. The rest of the difference comes from the amount of food, oxygen, and other resources needed to keep smaller humans alive. On average, men require 5 to 25 percent more calories a day than women. Smaller people produce less waste, which lowers demands to recycle and remove it. So women are physically more efficient in the sense.
There are considerations beyond the physical conditions. Scientists found that men tend to do well in shorter-term, goal-oriented situations, while women are better in longer-term, steady circumstances, People in steady circumstances are more communicative. Women are born with the social skill, so they are more likely to get along well on long-time space missions.
Does this mean that there is no reason to send men on these missions？Not quite. Data suggests that mixed-gender(性别)teams are the most successful overall.
25．What does the underlined word “stunt” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．A silly mistake. B．An eye-catching act.
C．A dangerous decision. D．A meaningless effort.
26．Which of the following advantages of women astronauts is NOT mentioned in the text?
A．Better social skills. B．Lower weight.
C．More flexibility. D．Less resource consumption.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Can Women Make History? B．Women on “Manned” Mission
C．Women Are a Far Cry from Men D．Chinese Space Mission by Women
（2022·湖北·荆州中学高一开学考试）Frequent goodbyes to her family come hand-in-hand with Wang Yaping's tough training. This time, however, her goodbye sparked joy in her 5-year-old daughter's eyes as she was “shooting for the stars” even if this was her longest separation from her mother. Wang took part in the Shenzhou-13 crewed task on Oct. 16. She became the first woman to enter China's space station.
Born in 1980 to a farmer family in Shandong Province, Wang loved jogging and was a high-scoring forward on the basketball court in school. In 1997, Wang was encouraged to register for the pilot recruitment program by her classmates because she was good at sports. In fact, she had been considering applying to teaching college.
Given her strong build and ability to stay calm under pressure, Wang passed all tests. After four years of systemic education and tough training, Wang eventually learned to fly four different types of aircraft before graduation.
Wang Yaping's dream of becoming an astronaut was inspired by Yang Liwei's 2003 space flight. She desired to become a female going into space. In May 2010, Wang was elected as one of China's female astronauts, The joy of being selected did not last long as the even tougher training quickly sank in.
She had to stand eight times the force of gravity in a spinning centrifuge. Blood can't flow to the brain properly, causing a temporary lack of oxygen and even blindness. Wang ever volunteered to be held to the same standards as her male trainees.
Her efforts were not in vain. Wang became a crew member of the Shenzhou-10 space task in 2013. She earned the title of China's first space teacher after giving a space lecture to students from n orbit above the Earth's surface.
A team of Chinese university students specializing in aerospace, art, architecture and music translated universe rays into music. They said the project was inspired by Wang's live space lecture, when they were teenagers.
28．Why was Wang's daughter happy this time?
A．Wang promised to play games with her.
B．Wang would come back sooner than usual.
C．Wang's training would be less hard than before.
D．Wang would fly into space for an honourable task.
29．What had Wang Yaping been planning to become when she was in high school?
A．A teacher. B．An astronaut. C．An athlete. D．A soldier.
30．What kind of person is Wang according to the text?
A．Sociable and intelligent. B．Determined and ambitious.
C．Generous and strong-willed. D．Confident and warm-hearted
31．What can be inferred from the text?
A．Space knowledge has been popularized in universities.
B．Most teenagers will choose astronauts as future occupation.
C．The flame for space interest has been lit in young generation.
D．The young project team will be successors of next space flight.
（2022·吉林·希望高中高二期末）In 2013, China’s second female astronaut, Wang Yaping, gave the country’s first-ever video lecture from space. The whole lecture lasted about 40 minutes.
Speaking to students through live video, from the Tiangong-I space laboratory, Ms. Wang used spining tops (旋转的陀螺), a ball and sonic water to explain physics in zero-gravity (失重) with the help of a fellow astronaut.
Ms. Wang used different experiments to demonstrate the concepts of weight and mass in space. Towards the end of the class, Ms. Wang made a film (薄膜) of water using a metal ring. She then turned the film of water into a water ball by pouring more water onto it.
Around 330 primary and secondary school students watched the lecture from a special classroom in Beijing, where they could also ask Ms. Wang questions through live video. From time to time, the students greeted her lecture with warm applause. Ms. Wang described what she could see in space. “The stars we see are much brighter, but they do not twinkle.” she said, “The sky we see isn’t blue, but black. And every day, we can see the sun rise 16 times because we circle the Earth every 90 minutes. “About 60 million students and teachers around China also watched the lecture live on TV.
In 2021, China launched the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft early at 00:23 a.m. on October 16th morning at the Jiuquan center. Wang Yaping, 41, is part of a three-member team heading for the Tiangong — or Heavenly Palace — space station, where she is expected to become the first Chinese woman to conduct a spacewalk and will stay inside the country’s Tiangong space station for six months. We are looking forward to her new lectures.
32．According to the passage, what’s the purpose of the space lecture in 2013?
A．To explain physics of zero - gravity in space
B．To turn the film of water into a water ball
C．To tell us what can be seen in space
D．To show that the Earth is far away from space
33．What does the underlined word “demonstrate” in the passage most probably mean?
A．defeat B．adjust
C．suspect D．show
34．Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Wang Yaping is China’s second female astronaut.
B．Wang Yaping gave the lecture from space all by herself.
C．The lecture was warmly welcomed by the students.
D．The sky isn’t blue but black when astronauts see it in space.
35．The best title of this passage should be ________.
A．Great achievements in space exploration
B．Three awe-inspiring astronauts
C．A popular “science teacher” in space
D．So proud to be part of China

参考答案：
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了北京消息，周二晚上，中国空间站核心舱航天员王亚平为地球上的人们献上了一场零重力音乐表演，以庆祝元宵节。
1．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The space show was shared via a video released at an annual TV gala for the festival celebration.(这一太空表演通过一段视频在一年一度的央视春晚上分享。)”可知，大众通过观看电视晚会的录像来欣赏音乐表演。故选B。
2．
词句猜测题。根据上文“The crew members, who traveled to the space station core module on the Shenzhou-13 mission(在神舟13号任务中前往空间站核心舱的机组人员)”可知，他们继续围绕着地球旋转，使一些节日的传统得以保留。rotate意为“环绕”。故选C。
3．
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The video of the space performance was received with much enthusiasm after it was shared on social media platforms. It drew nearly 2 million clicks in one hour after several national media outlets posted it on the Chinese micro-blogging site Sina Weibo.( 这段空间表演视频在社交媒体平台上被分享后，受到了人们的热烈欢迎。几家中国媒体将其发布在新浪微博上，一小时内点击量近200万次。)”可知，太空表演的视频大受欢迎。故选A。
4．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“BEIJING- Wang Yaping, a taikonaut onboard China’s space station core module (舱), offered people on Earth a zero-gravity musical performance on Tuesday evening to celebrate the Lantern Festival.(北京消息，周二晚上，中国空间站核心舱航天员王亚平为地球上的人们献上了一场零重力音乐表演，以庆祝元宵节。)”可知，文章主要讲述了在空间站上，宇航员们保持着元宵节的传统。故选C。
5．B
6．C
7．B
8．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了中国的神舟十三号载人飞船成功抵达空间站，标志着中国的太空计划迈出了重要一步。
5．
细节理解题。根据第一段“China’s three-person crew arrived at its new space station Saturday morning—a major step for the country’s young space program”（周六上午，中国的三名宇航员抵达了新的空间站，这是中国年轻的太空计划迈出的重要一步）可知，神舟十三号成功抵达空间站，标志着中国的太空计划向前迈出了重要一步，故选B。
6．
细节理解题。根据第三段“The spacecraft docked at Tiangong Space Station about six and a half hours after launch.”（飞船在发射六个半小时后停靠在天宫空间站）可知，神舟十三号载人飞船是在发射六个半小时后停靠在天宫空间站的，故选C。
7．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Wang, who received an honorary title after participating in a 2013 mission, is China’s first female astronaut on board the space station, and will be the first Chinese woman to conduct a spacewalk.”（王亚平在参加2013年的一次任务后获得了这一殊荣，她是中国第一位登上空间站的女宇航员，也将是第一位进行太空行走的中国女性）可知，王亚平是位女航天员，故选B。
8．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Six months is the standard mission duration for many countries, but it will be an important opportunity for Chinese astronauts to become accustomed to a long-term stay in space and help prepare future astronauts to do the same.”（六个月是许多国家的标准任务期限，但对中国宇航员来说，这将是一个重要的机会，让他们习惯长期呆在太空，并帮助未来的宇航员做好同样的准备）可知，作者认为神舟十三号航天任务意义重大，故选C。
9．D
10．C
11．B
12．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国第一位女航天员王亚平的艰苦训练过程。
9．
细节理解题。根据第一段“the most exhausting exercise was the seven-hour underwater training session during which she had to wear a special suit that weighed over 100 kilograms to stimulate (模拟) activities in space outside a spacecraft in a weightless environment.(最疲倦的练习时7个小时的水下训练，她不得不穿上重达100千克的特殊衣服去模拟在太空中在航天器外面的失重环境中的活动)”可知，她在训练时穿上厚重的衣服是为了模拟在太空舱外失重情况下的活动。故选D。
10．
推理判断题。根据第二段“Now China has its first man in space, when will our country have its first woman? (现在，中国有了进入太空的男宇航员，何时我们国家能有女宇航员)”可以推断，王亚平渴望成为中国第一个女宇航员。故选C。
11．
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Blood can’t flow to the brain properly, causing a temporary lack of oxygen and even blindness. (血液不能恰当地流到大脑，引起暂时的缺氧甚至失明)”可知，在训练中，她要经历身体上的各种痛苦。因此“while facing that condition.”中的that指代极端的身体痛苦，故选B。
12．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Over the past two years, Wang Yaping has experienced over 6,000 hours of strict training(在过去的两年里，王亚平已经经历了6000多个小时的严格训练)”可知，本文主要讲中国第一位女航天员王亚平的艰苦训练过程。故选D。
13．C
14．D
15．B
16．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了女性宇航员执行太空任务的独特优势。
13．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Female astronauts’ strong communication skills and energy also help the crew maintain high team spirit throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.”（北京航天研究员庞之浩表示，女性宇航员强大的沟通能力和精力也有助于全体宇航员在逗留期间保持高度的团队精神。）可知，女性宇航员的沟通技巧有助于全体宇航员保持高昂的情绪。故选C项。
14．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to carrying out space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking from all angles.”（许多研究发现，女性宇航员非常适合执行太空任务，在注重细节和从各个角度思考等素质上比男性宇航员更具优势。）可知，与男性宇航员相比，女性宇航员具备的优势是更加注重细节，可以全面思考。故选D项。
15．
细节理解题。根据第三段“A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s EVAs, which was lighter than the male version. Designers optimized this spacesuit to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.”（为王亚平的EVAs准备了一套特制的宇航服，它比男版更轻。设计师们对这套宇航服进行了优化，使其更适合身材苗条的宇航员。）可知，王亚平的宇航服是专门设计的。故选B项。
16．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique advantages.”（尽管面临身体上的挑战，女性宇航员仍有独特的优势。）以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了女性宇航员执行太空任务的独特优势。故选B项。
17．A
18．D
19．C
20．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了中国宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富在天宫空间站轨道上进行了距地球400公里的科学讲座。文章介绍了讲座的一些具体内容以及参与师生等对这次讲座的高度评价。
17．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Chinese astronauts conducted a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students on Thursday afternoon, as they orbited in the Tiangong space station. All members of the Shenzhou XII mission crew, Zhai Zhigang, Ye Guangfu and Wang Yaping, the only woman on the mission, greeted students, teachers and other participants when the lecture started at 3:54 pm.(周四下午，当中国宇航员在天宫空间站绕轨道飞行时，他们在离地球400公里的高空对数百万学生进行了科学讲座。下午3点54分讲座开始时，神舟十二号任务组全体成员翟志刚、叶光富和王亚萍（任务中唯一的女性）向学生、老师和其他参与者致意)”和第三段的“Tens of millions of primary and middle school students across China watched the hour-long televised event.(中国各地数千万中小学生观看了这个长达一小时的电视活动)”可知，这次由三名中国宇航员进行的讲座持续了将近一个小时。故选A。
18．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Wang Yihan, a fifth-grade student at the Yuxin School, said: ‘The astronauts’ experiments really intrigued and surprised me. I have great interest in spaceflight and would like to take part in our country’s space exploration program in the future.’(王一涵，育新学校一名五年级学生 ，说：“宇航员的实验真的引起了我的兴趣，也让我感到惊讶。我对太空飞行很感兴趣，将来想参加我国的太空探索计划。”)”可推断，参加“地面课堂”的学生认为这次太空授课令人惊讶，激发了自己对太空探索的兴趣，说明学生高度赞扬这次太空授课。故选D。
19．
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“I have great interest in spaceflight and would like to take part in our country’s space exploration program in the future.(我对太空飞行很感兴趣，将来想参加我国的太空探索计划)”可知，王一涵对太空飞行很感兴趣，将来想要参与国家的太空探索，因此推断划线句“The astronauts’ experiments really intrigued and surprised me.”表达的是：宇航员的实验真的引起了我的兴趣，也让我感到惊讶。说明宇航员的实验激发了他的兴趣，划线词与C项“感兴趣的”意思相近。故选C。
20．
推理判断题。根据第一段“Chinese astronauts conducted a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students on Thursday afternoon, as they orbited in the Tiangong space station.(周四下午，中国宇航员在天宫空间站绕轨道飞行时，在距地球400公里的高空向数百万学生进行了一次科学讲座)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述中国宇航员在空间站进行的太空授课，应该属于太空探索板块。故选B。
21．B
22．A
23．B
24．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国宇航员将会进行太空授课。
21．
细节理解题。由第二段“The astronauts will show viewers how they live and work inside the station and then conduct some scientific experiments to show students how gravity works differently in space. They will also answer viewers’ questions at the end of the live-stream event, the agency said.”（宇航员将向观众展示他们如何在空间站内生活和工作，然后进行一些科学实验，向学生展示重力在太空中的不同工作方式。该机构表示，他们还将在直播活动结束时回答观众的问题。）可知，观众们会了解到太空生活、观察重力在太空的作用并且向宇航员提问。故选B项。
22．
细节理解题。由第二段“The lecture will be broadcast live to audiences around the globe.”（讲座将向全球观众现场直播。）可知，太空课堂会向全球直播，A项“只有来自5个地区的学生才能享受太空课程”错误。故选A项。
23．
细节理解题。由尾段“During that mission, she carried out the nation’s first space-based lecture inside an experimental space station module to more than 60 million Chinese students. This made China the second country, following the United States, to hold a space-based class for students.”（在那次任务中，她在一个实验空间站舱内为超过6000万中国学生进行了全国第一次太空讲座。这使中国成为继美国之后第二个为学生开设太空课程的国家。）可知，王亚平的太空讲座使中国成为继美国之后第二个为学生开设天基课程的国家。故选B项。
24．
主旨大意题。由第一段“Crew members of China’s Shenzhou XIII mission are scheduled to give a space-based lecture on Thursday afternoon from the orbiting Tiangong space station to students around the world, according to the China Manned Space Agency.”（据中国载人航天局称，中国神舟十三号任务的机组人员定于周四下午在天宫空间站向世界各地的学生进行太空讲座。）可知，本文主要讲了中国宇航员将会进行太空授课。故选A项。
25．B
26．C
27．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了执行航天载人任务的女性以及优势。
25．
细节理理解题。根据后句“to purposefully draw attention（有意地引起注意）”可知“stunt”的意思为一个引人注目的行动。故选B。
26．
细节理解题。根据第二段“First, the weight advantage.（第一，重量优势）”可知A项：Lower weight.（低体重）正确；以及“The rest of the difference comes from the amount of food, oxygen, and other resources needed to keep smaller humans alive（其余的差异来自于维持小体型人类生存所需的食物、氧气和其他资源的数量）”可知D项：Less resource consumption.（更少的资源消耗）正确；根据第三段“Women are born with the social skill, so they are more likely to get along well on long-time space missions. （女性天生具有社交能力，所以她们在长期的太空任务中更容易相处融洽）”可知A项：Better social skills.（更好的社会技能。）正确。C项：More flexibility（更有灵活性）文中未提及。故选C。
27．
主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“But Shenzhou XIII’s six-month journey in space has left much curiosity about the differences between male and female astronauts. Despite great challenges, women’s bodies and minds are uniquely suited for space missions. （但是神舟十三号为期六个月的太空之旅让人们对男性和女性宇航员之间的差异产生了很多好奇。女性的身体和心灵虽然面临着巨大的挑战，但却非常适合太空任务。）”后文二段、三段和第四段主要讲到了女宇航员的优势。可知文章主要讲述了执行航天载人任务的女性。B项：Women on “Manned” Mission（执行太空载人任务的女性）合乎题意。故选B。
28．D
29．A
30．B
31．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国女航天员王亚平的故事。王亚平凭借出色的身体条件和心理素质，进入航空学院学习，通过多年的不懈的努力，成为中国首位进驻中国空间站的女航天员。
28．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“This time, however, her goodbye sparked joy in her 5-year-old daughter's eyes as she was “shooting for the stars” even if this was her longest separation from her mother. Wang took part in the Shenzhou-13 crewed task on Oct. 16. She became the first woman to enter China's space station.(然而，这一次，她的告别在她5岁的女儿眼中激起了喜悦，因为她正在“奔向群星”，即使这是她与母亲最长的分离。王亚平于10月16日执行了神舟13号载人任务。她成为第一位进入中国空间站的女性)”可知，这次女儿很开心是因为妈妈要到太空执行一项光荣的任务。故选D。
29．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In fact, she had been considering applying to teaching college.(事实上，这位17岁的年轻人一直在考虑申请师范大学)”可知，她中学时一直打算将来当老师。故选A。
30．
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Wang Yaping's dream of becoming an astronaut was inspired by Yang Liwei's 2003 space flight. She desired to become a female going into space.(王亚平成为字航员的梦想是受到杨利伟2003年太空飞行的启发。她渴望成为一名进入太空的女性)”可知，她是有志向的；根据第五段“She had to stand eight times the force of gravity in a spinning centrifuge. Blood can't flow to the brain properly, causing a temporary lack of oxygen and even blindness. Wang even volunteered to be held to the same standards as her male trainees.(她必须在旋转的离心机中承受八倍于重力的力，血液不能正常流入大脑，导致暂时缺氧，甚至失明。王亚平甚至自愿接受与男性学员相同的标准)”可知，她意志坚定。故选B。
31．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“A team of Chinese university students specializing in aerospace, art, architecture and music translated universe rays into music. They said the project was inspired by Wang's live space lecture, when they were teenagers.(一支由中国大学生组成的专门从事航空航天、艺术、建筑和音乐的团队将宇宙射线转化为音乐。他们说，该项目的灵感来自王亚平的太空讲座，当时他们还是青少年)”可推知，年轻一代点燃了太空兴趣的火焰。故选C。
32．A
33．D
34．B
35．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了2013年中国女宇航员王亚平在太空面向全国中小学生进行了首次视频授课的全过程，和2021年跟着神舟十三号再度进入太空的王亚平将再次在“天宫一号”空间站进行太空授课。
32．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Ms. Wang used spining tops (旋转的陀螺), a ball and sonic water to explain physics in zero-gravity (失重) with the help of a fellow astronaut.(在一个男同事帮助下，王女士使用旋转的陀螺，一个球和声波水来解释物理失重)”可知，2013年太空授课的目的是解释在太空中的物理失重。故选A项。
33．
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Ms. Wang used different experiments to demonstrate the concepts of weight and mass in space.(王女士用不同的实验来demonstrate重量和质量在太空中的概念)”中“used different experiments ”和“the concepts of weight and mass in space”可推知，王亚平想通过实验来向学生“展示、演示”重量和质量在太空中的概念，所以划线词demonstrate意为“展示、演示”，与show同义。故选D项。
34．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Ms. Wang used spining tops (旋转的陀螺), a ball and sonic water to explain physics in zero-gravity (失重) with the help of a fellow astronaut.(在一个男同事帮助下，王女士使用旋转的陀螺，一个球和声波水来解释物理失重)”可知，王亚平是在一个男同事帮助下进行的实验，所以B 项“Wang Yaping gave the lecture from space all by herself.(王亚平在太空独自做了授课)”错误。故选B项。
35．
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了2013年中国女宇航员王亚平在太空面向全国中小学生进行了首次视频授课，讲授关于物理失重的科学课，2021年她跟着神舟十三号再度进入太空，并将再次在“天宫一号”空间站进行太空授课，C项“A popular ‘science teacher’ in space (深受欢迎的太空“科学老师”)”新颖有趣，是最佳标题。故选C项。