玩转高考题—2021新高考 I 卷C篇阅读二次开发

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2021高考全国新高考 I 卷C篇阅读二次开发目录内容板块一高考真题试做板块二重点字词释义板块三单句语法填空板块四阅读长难句解析板块五相同话题训练真题试做When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934 better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.1. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?A. Loss of wetlands. B. Popularity of water sports.C. Pollution of rivers. D. Arrival of other wild animals.2. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?A. Acquire. B. Export.C. Destroy. D. Distribute.3. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?A. The stamp price has gone down.B. The migratory birds have flown away.C. The hunters have stopped hunting. D. The government has collected money.4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story             B. The National Wildlife Refuge SystemC. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl           D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting参考答案：本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了美国鸭票的故事，由于美国移民的大量流入，对于农地和住房的急需大量的水禽栖息地被破坏导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽。1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.”可知，上百万公顷的湿地被抽干用作农地或者修建住房，极大地减少了水禽的栖息地，故可知，栖息地的减少导致了水禽数量的下降，故选A。2.词义猜测题。根据前一句“Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.”可知，北美的土著人把这些珍贵的自然资源保护的很合理，本句中的“Unfortunately”可知，本句与上一句形成了转折，前一句陈述北美土著人做的好的地方，故可知，本句阐述移民者做的不好的地方，即移民者破坏了这些自然资源，故画线词意思是“破坏”。A. Acquire获得；B. Export出口；C. Destroy破坏；D. Distribute分配。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.”可知，自1934年起，超过5亿美元进入到了这个基金会，购买了超过500万公顷的水禽栖息地，故可以推出，通过发行鸭票，美国政府获得了大量的资金，故选D。4.主旨大意题。根据全文可知，由于之前不恰当的发展导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽，故可知，本文讲述美国鸭票的故事，故选A。一：重点词汇1．explorern. 探险家；勘探者；探测器；[医]探针2．set foot upon踏上；启程；出发3．continent n. 大陆；欧洲大陆4．be alive with v. 充满5．astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的；非常惊人的6．variety n. 多种多样；多样化；种类；综艺节目7．wildlifen. 野生生物8．native adj. 出生地的；本地的；本国/地语的；土著的；原产地的；天赋的  n. 出生于某国/地的人；本国/地人；土著；本地动植物9．precious adj. 宝贵的；珍奇的；值得珍视的；宝贝似的；矫揉造作的10．natural resource自然资源11．unfortunatelyadv. 不幸地12．settlern. 移民，侨民；殖民者；决定者；定居者13．decimate n. 移民，侨民；殖民者；决定者；定居者14．waterfowl n. 水鸟，水禽15．ambitious adj. 有野心的，有雄心的；规模宏大的；艰巨的16．sportsmenn. 运动员( sportsman的名词复数 )17．ever-increasing adj. 不断增长的18．habitatn. （动植物的）栖息地；生活环境19．increasinglyadv. 不断增加地；越来越多地20．concerned adj. 忧虑的；认为重要的；关注的21．took firm action to 采取坚定的行动22．destruction n. 破坏；毁灭23．migratory adj. 迁移的；有迁居习惯（或特色）的；流浪的24．vital adj. 必要的，至关重要的；生命的，维持生命所必需的；生气勃勃的25．survivaln. 生存；残存物26．purchase n. 购买（物）；抓紧；支点   v. 购买27．political adj. 政治的；政党的；对政治感兴趣的；争权夺利的28．cartoonist n. 漫画家29．appointed  adj. 指定的，约定的v. 任命( appoint的过去式和过去分词 )；确定；约定；安排30．director n. 导演；主任；经理；院长；指挥31．conservation n. 保护；节约32．fund n. 基金（会）；储备；现款   v. 为…提供资金；资助33．inclusionn. 包含；内含物34．availableadj. 可用的，可获得的；有空的35．generationn. 一代人；一代；一批；产生   adj. 第…代的36．the most successful conservation 最成功的保护37．initiatevt. 开始，发起；传授；创始，开辟；接纳新成员n. 新加入某组织（或机构、宗教）的人，新入会的人；被传授初步知识的人38．popularity n. 流行，普及；声望39．acquirev. 获得，得到；购得；养成（习惯）40．distributev. 分发；配销；分配；分散；撒，播语法填空1．            the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with              astonishing variety of wildlife.参考答案：when；an，第一空考查时间状语从句；当...时候，第二空考查冠词用法；后面有形容词短语且 a variety of表示许多；由于astonishing元音音素开头；所以填an.当探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上都有各种惊人的野生动物。2．it took the explorers and the settlers     followed only a few decades      （decimate）a large part of these resources.参考答案：who； to decimate；第一空考查定语从句；who在从句中充当主语成分；第二空take做花费的用法.it takes/took...to do sth.只追踪了几十年的探险者和定居者就摧毁了这些资源中的大部分。3．  Millions of acres of wetlands         （dry） to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly           （reduce） waterfowl habitat.参考答案：were dried；reducing，第一空考查动词的时态语态；wetlands与dry之间为被动关系；所以填were dried。第二空考查动词非谓语；reducing在句中充当结果状语.数百万英亩的湿地被干燥，以喂养和容纳不断增长的人口，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。4． ....an increasingly concerned nation took firm action          （stop）the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl          the wetlands so vital to their survival. 参考答案： to stop；and.第一空考查非谓语；采取措施做.. took action to do；第二空考查连词用法；表并列.一个日益受到关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，以阻止破坏迁徙的（迁徙的）水禽和对它们的生存至关重要的湿地。5． Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program         （be） called one of the most successful conservation             （program）ever initiated.参考答案：has been；programs，第一空考查完成时态；第二空考查名词单复数；难怪联邦鸭券计划被称为有史以来最成功的保护项目之一。长难句解析①　In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. 翻译：1934年，随着《候鸟狩猎券法》(Act)的通过，一个日益受到关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，阻止迁徙（迁徙的）水禽和湿地对其生存至关重要。分析：with the passage of..体现了with伴随状，翻译为随着-的通过”so vital to their survival此时是adj短语做后置定语来修饰wetlands②　 The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.翻译： 第一个联邦鸭邮票是由J.N。“丁”·达林，来自洛瓦得梅因的政治漫画家，当时被富兰克林·罗斯福总统任命为生物调查局局长。分析：a political cartoonist.. 这里是同位语的成分，是对JN. Ding” Darl ing的解释说明。同位语这一成分就是用来对名词进行解释说明的，不同于定语，定语是对名词的修饰。③　 About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.翻译：每枚鸭邮票中约有98美分将直接进入候鸟保护基金，购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，并纳入国家野生动物保护区系统——这一事实确保了这片土地将得到保护，对子孙后代都可以使用。分析： a fact that ensures..此处a fact两词做同位语对前面的事件进行解释说明，而that从句则为定语从句，用来修饰fact ，all generations to come.此处to do用来修饰generation,属于不定式做后置定语这.一用法。④　Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.翻译：数百万只水禽被市场猎人和少数过于雄心勃勃的运动员杀害。数百万英亩的湿地被干燥，以喂养和容纳不断增长的人口，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。分析：were killed运用被动语态；were dried之后的to feed....在此做目的状语从句从句； reducing为结果状语从句.四：相同话题训练Passage APangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked (非法交易) mammals in the world and are facing extinction. To draw attention to these scaly (有鳞片的), anteater-like animals, a new wildlife documentary, Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation. Partnering with the non-profit organization Pangolin. Africa, the documentary was made available on YouTube in May 2019. The intention is to reach communities wherever the Internet is available, especially African communities, who live near the animal’s habitats.Over two years, the documentary crew traveled to South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic and Gabon in search of the four unique species of pangolin, which has never been achieved before. Filmmakers Bruce Young and Johan Vermeulen say that they went into the shoot knowing relatively little about pangolins, but grew to respect and appreciate the animals. Getting close to the creatures over two years was a crash course in these secretive creatures. Johan Vermeulen said, "One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant."Pangolins are hunted illegally across Africa for their scales, which are used for traditional medicine, and their meat. In April 2019, Singaporean customs officials conducted two separate seizures of 24 tons of pangolin scales, which equals to the death of 69,000 pangolins.Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitat, the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.Filmed on location in South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic, and Gabon, this powerful documentary is the story of two men on a mission to get all four species of African pangolin on camera for the very first time.1. What is the purpose of the documentary?A. To study the situation of pangolins.B. To collect fund to protect pangolins.C. To raise awareness of pangolin protection.D. To propose setting up pangolin reserves.2. What is the meaning of the underlined word “fussy” in paragraph 2?A. Picky. B. Messy.C. Showy. D. Heavy.3. What’s the documentary mainly about?A. The illegal trade of pangolins.B. The medical function of pangolin's scales.C. The life of pangolins in their natural habitats.D. The efforts of Pangolin, Africa to save pangolins.4. Where is the text most likely from?A. A brochure. B. A diary.C. A novel. D. A magazine.参考答案：这是一篇新闻报道。穿山甲是世界上被贩运最频繁的哺乳动物，并且正面临灭绝。一部新的野生动物纪录片《穿山甲之眼》正在尝试以一种独特的方式来呼吁人们采取行动保护它们。1.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.”可知，该纪录片的目的是呼吁全世界的观看者采取行动，制止贩运从而保护这些独特的生物。因此，该纪录片的目的是提高对穿山甲保护的认识。故选C。2.词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant.”可知，穿山甲实际上是挑剔的食者。你会认为他们会吃任何类型的蚂蚁，但他们更喜欢特定类型的蚂蚁。即划线词“fussy”意为“挑剔”的。A. Picky. 挑剔的；B. Messy.凌乱的；C. Showy.显眼的；D. Heavy.沉重的。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitat”可知，该纪录片的重点不是穿山甲的贩运，而是更多地关注自然栖息地的穿山甲。因此这部纪录片的主要内容是穿山甲在自然栖息地的生活。故选C。4.推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Pangolins are the most trafficked mammals in the world and are facing extinction. To draw attention to these scaly, anteater-like animals, a new wildlife documentary, Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation.”可知，穿山甲正面临灭绝。一部新的野生动物纪录片《穿山甲之眼》正在尝试以一种独特的方式来呼吁人们采取行动保护它们。由这个话题内容可知，文章最有可能来自一本动物保护方面的杂志。A. A brochure. 一本小册子；B. A diary. 一本日记；C. A novel. 一本小说；D. A magazine. 一本杂志。故选D。Passage BFour Wild Animal Species Were EndangeredMaybe you can still see them at the zoo. But that doesn’t mean they’re doing alright in the wild.TigersAll six tiger species (物种) are endangered, with Suatran tigers and South China tigers at a seriously endangered status. The main reasons for their population decline are illegal hunting and destroyed habitats, as humans clear forests to get wood and build roadways. Only about 3，890 tigers presently live in the wild.Ground squirrelsThat’s right, even squirrels are endangered, specifically the San Joaquin ground squirrel. Native to California, USA, these guys have been disappearing since 1979 on account of the construction and human developments going through their habitat.Their total population is unknown, but it could be anywhere between 124，000 and 413，000.GiraffesThe International Union for the Conservation of Nature recently put giraffes at a vulnerable (易受伤害的) status, the level just before endangered. The giraffe population has declined 40 percent in the last 30 years, primarily due to loss of habitat and illegal hunting. Some giraffes are killed just for their tails, which are considered status symbols in Africa.Asian elephantsThe main threat to Asian elephants, one of the most intelligent animals, is their shrinking habitat.As the human population grows, people invade their land to build roads and railway tracks. Elephants in Myanmar are at an especially high risk for being captured and traded or used illegally in the tourist industry. Fewer than 50，000 are left on the entire continent.1. What is the total population of tigers living in the wild?　A. Around 3，890.        B. Fewer than 50，000.C. 124，000.             D. 413，000.2. What are considered one of the most intelligent animals?A. Tigers.               B. Giraffes.C. Ground squirrels.       D. Asian elephants.3. What is the common threat to the four wild animals?A. Illegal hunting.       B. Disturbed habitat.C. Developing tourism.  D. Unnecessary construction.4. Which word can best describe the present situation for protecting wild animals?A. Satisfactory.           B. Optimistic.C. Urgent.         D. Stable.参考解析本文主要介绍了四种濒危的野生动物，分别是老虎、地松鼠、长颈鹿和亚洲象。人们依然可以在动物园中看到它们的身影，但在野外，它们的境况并不是那么好。1. A　细节理解题。根据Tigers部分中的最后一句Only about 3，890 tigers presently live in the wild.可知，目前野外存活着的老虎大约只有3，890只，故选A。2. D　细节理解题。根据Asian elephants中的第一句The main threat to Asian elephants, one of the most intelligent animals, is their shrinking habitat.可知，亚洲象是最聪明的动物之一。 3. B　细节理解题。根据Tigers部分中的The main reasons for their population decline are illegal hunting and destroyed habitats，Ground squirrels部分中的these guys have been disappearing since 1979 on account of the construction and human developments going through their habitat，Giraffes部分中的primarily due to loss of habitat and illegal hunting和Asian elephants部分中的The main threat to Asian elephants... is their shrinking habitat.可知，四种动物都面临的威胁是栖息地问题。 4. C　推理判断题。由第一段中的But that doesn’t mean they’re doing alright in the wild.及全文内容可知，野生动物的生活状况不容乐观，所以保护野生动物的现状是急迫的。