专题13 科学技术—备战2022高考英语话题通关精准练（词汇+阅读+写作）

专题13 科学技术—备战2022高考英语话题通关精准练（词汇+阅读+写作）（学生版）

一：话题词汇过关

1.              n.网站

2.              n.微信

3.              v.传播;蔓延;流传

4.              n.方便

              adj.方便的

5.              adj.影响全世界的;世界各地的

6.              v.更新

7.              adv.广泛地

8.              adj.先进的;高级的

9.        n.优势;优点;长处;有利条件

10.              adj.创造性的

11.              n.不利条件;弱点;劣势;短处

12.               n.专家

13.              adj.工业的

14.              n.互联网

15.              n.机器

16.              n.材料;原料

17.              adj.现代的

18.              v.预言;预告;预报

19.              vt.提供

20.               vt.取代

21.               n.& v.研究;调查

22.              n.技术

              adj.科技的

23.              vt.假定;设想

              n.假定;设想

24.              v.发展

              adj.发达的

              adj.发展中的

              n.发展

25.            vt.&vi.探索;探测;探究

              n.探索

              n.探险家;勘探者

26.               vt.介绍

               n.引进;介绍

27.              v.发明

               n.发明

              n.发明者

28.              n.科学;自然科学

              adj.科学的

               n.科学家

29.              vi成功

          n.成功;成就;成功的人或事

              adj.成功的;有成就的

30.              adj.自动的;机械的

31.              adj.数字的;数码的

32.             adj.手提的;便携式的

33.              n.微机

34.              n.可视电话

35.              n.体系;系统

36.              n.数据;资料

37.              n.回忆;记忆

38.              v.分析

39.               n.重大进展;突破

40.              n.缺点;不利条件

41.               n.电;电流

42.              vi.发生;存在;生存

43.              vt.(foresaw,foreseen)预见;预知

44.              n.& v.作用;功能;运转

45.              adj.十分重大的;根本的;基础的

46.              vt.& n.保证;担保

47.              n.影响;冲击

48.              n.专利权;专利证书

49.              t.延迟;使延期;延缓

50.              n.程序;手续

51.            n.& v.步骤;加工;处理

52.           vi.& vt.发信号　n.信号

53.              n.软件

54.              n.统计数字

55.              adj.普遍的

56.              n.成就

57              n.设备

58.              n.& v.下载

59.              v.做手术;运转

60.              v.计算;核算

二：话题短语表达过关

1.                             人工智能

2.                             面临新的机遇和挑战

3.                             开展科学实验

4.                             能到太空旅游

5.                             提高人类的生活质量

6                             在科学领域

7.                             信息技术

8.                             随着科技的发展

9.                             随着网络的普及

10.                             有新发现

11.                             取得突破

12.                             创造奇迹

13.                             有负面影响

14.                             与……有关联

15.                             进一步研究

16.                             给你省了很多钱

17.                             为治疗疾病而进行一项研究

18.                             使某人昼夜不停地工作

19.                             为社会做贡献

20.                             能使用

21.                             形成;产生

22.                             实现

23.                             弥补

24.                             提出

25.                             赶上

26.                             投入实践

27.                             关掉

28.                             导致

29.                             代替

30.                             排长队等候

31.                             网上冲浪

32.                             网上购物

33.                             网上支付

34.                             在线聊天

35                             交网友

36.                             增加了物品损坏的危险

37.                             分散某人的注意力

38.                             与他人交流的各种方式

39.                             电子读物

40.                             手机短信

41                             基因技术

42.                             采取有效措施来做某事

43.                             进入非现金时代

44.                             各类移动支付

45.                             扫描人脸支付

46.                             新趋势

47.                             众所周知

                             ..显然……

48.                             更重要的是

49.                             我认为

50.                             治疗多种疾病

51.                             应用于许多领域

三：话题句型练笔

1.                                                                         

随着科技的发展,出现了越来越多的科学发明,这给我们的日常生活带来了巨大的便利。

2.                                                                          手机能让我与朋友和家人保持联系,而互联网可以给我提供几乎所有的信息。

3.                                                                         

众所周知,智能手机已成为我们生活中重要的一部分。我们用手机聊天、上网、娱乐。

4.                                                                         

在线购物的主要缺点是你实际上看不到要购买的产品或检查其质量。

5.                                                                         

为了帮助人们节省付账时间,在线支付仅通过移动电话便可进行,这样你就可以在你喜欢的任何地点进行支付。

6.                                                                           

在过去的几十年间,医疗技术的进步使人们比以往活的时间更长成为可能。

四：话题阅读训练

（A）

A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.

“It's extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components,” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.

They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.

While this first robotic fly is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers' fields or on the battlefield. “Basically, it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.

Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drive us on a day-to-day basis.”

1.Which of the following statements was the difficulty engineers met while making the robotic fly?

A.They did not have sufficient funds.

B.No ready-made components were available.

C.There was no model in their mind.

D.It was hard for them to assemble the components.

2.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?

A.The robotic fly has been put into wide applications.

B.The robotic fly consists of a flight device and a control system.

C.Information from many sources can be collected by the robotic fly.

D.The robotic fly can just fly in limited areas at present.

3.Which of the following can be learned from the passage?

A.Wood's design can replace animals in some experiments.

B.Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.

C.The robotic fly is designed to learn about insects.

D.There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.

4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A.The Development of the Robotic Fly

B.The Robotic Fly Promotes Engineering Science

C.Harvard's Efforts in Making the Robotic Fly

D.The Robotic Fly Imitates Real-life Insects

（B）

 With self-driving vehicle technology rapidly advancing, many companies are turning to autonomous robots for the final leg of the delivery process, from the store or local distribution center to the customer. The latest to join the trend is e-commerce giant Amazon. Following a successful eight-month test run in Snohomish County, Washington, the company's Scout robots have been making the rounds of Irvine, California, since August 6, 2019.

The six-wheeled Scout is about the size of a large cooler with the capacity to carry small or medium-sized packages. The battery-powered vehicle, which moves at a regular walking pace, has been programmed to avoid pedestrians, animals, and unexpected obstacles, such as garbage cans. Its powerful sensors can also detect the movement of a car backing out of a driveway.

To accelerate Scout's development and bring it nationwide sooner, the company has created several detailed virtual maps of American suburbs and conducted trial deliveries to homes there.

Though Amazon has not shown how Scout ensures the delivery is picked up by the right person, it most likely requires the customer to apply a unique code, texted to them prior to the delivery, to unlock the store box. Also unclear is the number of deliveries Scout can complete before its battery needs to be recharged. Though the initial tests are being conducted with a human for company, the robot will be autonomous in the future. Its location, however, will be tracked at all times—if someone attempts to steal Scout, Amazon employees will be instantly sensed. 

However, the eco-friendly robots are unable to climb stairs or open gates, which means that they can only reach consumers who live on the ground level. Additionally, the robots are unable to leave packages at the front door if the customers are not home. Whether these problems get resolved remains to be seen. For now, it appears that humans will still be needed to achieve the ever-growing demand for home and office deliveries.

5.What are many companies developing autonomous robots for?

A.Final tests.　　

B.The so-called last mile.

C.Robots' safety.　　

D.The delivery speed.

6.What can we infer about Scout from Paragraph 2?

A.It looks like a cooler.

B.It adjusts its speed accordingly.

C.Its sensors play a key role.

D.It will be widely used soon.

7.What does the underlined phrase “prior to” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A.Before.　　   B.After.          C.In front of.　  　D.Due to.

8.From which is the text probably taken?

A.A biology textbook.　　

B.A health magazine.

C.A newspaper.　　

D.A travel brochure.

五：话题写作训练

（A）

克隆是一项全新的生物技术，人们对克隆持有不同意见，根据下面表格里的内容写一篇议论文。

　　参考词汇：生物科技biotechnology; 禁止ban

（B）

假如你是李华,你的加拿大网友Bruce将来中国出差,给你发来电子邮件,询问他是否需要带许多现金。请你回信,内容包括:

1.不必带太多现金,使用移动支付;

2.刷脸支付已成为新的潮流;

3.祝愿对方在中国过得愉快。

注意:

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。