专题12 历史人文—备战2022高考英语话题通关精准练（词汇+阅读+写作）

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专题12 历史人文—备战2022高考英语话题通关精准练（词汇+阅读+写作）（学生版）目录内容板块一话题词汇过关板块二话题短语表达过关板块三话题句型练笔板块四话题阅读训练板块五话题写作训练一：话题词汇过关
1.             n.博物馆;博物院2.            n.历史;历史学           adj.历史上著名(或重要)的            adj.与历史有关的;史学的3.            adj.以前的;从前的4.            vt.成立;建立5.            adj.本地的;当地的            adj.本地的;当地的            adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的6.             v.贡献;捐献;捐助            n.贡献;捐助7.            vt.钦佩;赞美;羡慕8.            n.出现;露面;容貌9.            adj.兴高采烈的;快活的10.            v.使迷惑;混淆11.            n.勇气;胆量12.            adj.诚实的;正直的13.            vt.鼓舞;激励14.            adj.普通的;平常的15.            adj.合乎情理的16.            adj.严格的;严密的17.            n.智慧18.            adj.令人愉快的;使人高兴的19.            adj.好奇的;奇异的            n.好奇心;求知欲20.           vt.决定;确定;下定决心            adj.坚决的;有决心的            n.决心;决定21.            n.喜爱;偏爱22.            n.性格23.            adj.热心的24.            adj.勤奋的;工作努力的25.            adj.有责任的;负责的26.            adj.满足的;满意的27.            adj.忠实的;深爱的28.            adj.乐观的29.             adj.同情的30.             adj.热情的;热心的31.            adj.慷慨的;大方的32.            adj.合适的;恰当的33.            adj.杰出的;聪颖的;技艺高的34.            adj.温柔的;慈祥的35.            adj.优秀的;杰出的36.            n.性格37.            adj.积极的;明确的38.        adj.死板的;僵硬的;固执的39.           adj.体贴的;善解人意的40.            adj.固执的;倔强的41.            adj.考虑周到的42.          n.美德;正直的品行;德行43.            n.祖先44.            n.矛盾;冲突45.            n.纪念碑;纪念物46.            adj.多种文化的47.        adj.全国性的;全国范围的48.        adj.首要的;主要的;基本的            adj.原始的;远古的            adj.古代的;古老的49.             vt.达到;完成             n.成就;成绩;功绩50.            adj.勇敢的            n.勇敢51.             adj.自信的            n.自信52.         vt.(与to连用)献身;专心于            n.奉献;献身;忠诚53.            n.精力            adj.精力旺盛的54.         n.(美 humor)幽默;幽默感            adj.富于幽默的55.            n.智力;才智;智慧            adj.聪明的;明智的56.            n.天才;天赋            adj.有才能的;有天赋的57.            n.神秘;神秘的事物            adj.神秘的;不可思议的58.            vt.攻占;忙于            n.职业;占有59.            n.数字;图形;(人的)体形;人物;(绘画、雕刻)人物像60.            n.起源;起因            adj.起初的;原来的61.            n.革命62.             adj.王室的;皇家的;高贵的63.            vt.牺牲,献出64.             n.奴隶制度65.             adj.壮丽的;辉煌的;极好的66.           n.联合;联盟;结合;协会67.            vt.废除68.            n.侵略;挑衅69.            vt.进攻;袭击            v.侵略            n.侵略;干预70.            n.朝代            n.时期;时代
二：话题短语表达过关
1.                        在20世纪20年代初2.                        使世代相传;流传3.                        自然资源丰富4.                        位于……5.                        由……组成6.                        文化遗产7.                        丝绸之路8.                        “一带一路”倡议9.                        世界经济文化发展10.                        加强有效合作11.                        拥有多元文化12.                        迎接挑战13.                        促进交流14.                        我最喜欢的人15.                        晚清伟大的思想家16.                        世界上最伟大的女人之一17.                        理解;明白18.           在交战中             和平地                  对……宣战19.                        克服很多困难20.                        下定决心做某事21.                        帮助穷人22                        开办许多学校和医院23.                        战争、火灾等)爆发24.                        在……的初期25.                        因……而自豪26.                        放眼望世界27.                        吸引全世界的人28.                        授予诺贝尔和平奖三：话题句型练笔1.                                                                          她非常乐观有活力。她给我带来了许多快乐和勇气。我从她身上学到了一些宝贵的东西——要对生活有信心。2.                                                                          由于他能够坚持不懈地做他所选择做的任何事情,所以他在很多领域都取得了伟大的成就。3.                                                                          矗立在山顶上的是一座纪念碑,它可以追溯到几百年前。4.                                                                          我国政府已提出“一带一路”倡议以鼓励中国和其他国家之间的合作。5.                                                                                 毫无疑问,中国的“一带一路”倡议对所有相关国家都有着很大的影响,有助于全世界经济和文化的发展。四：话题阅读训练（A）Constructed in the third century BC, the Terracotta Army is a collection of clay sculptures presenting the forces of the First Emperor of China—Qinshihuang. The figures include more than 8,000 soldiers, 130 chariots with 520 horses. Their varying clothes, facial features and body types have long impressed people. But historian Dan Snow says, “The amazing realism increases the great mystery surrounding these terracotta figures—where do they come from? They are nothing like any figure made in China before them. Something changed. Something remarkable happened here 2,200 years ago.”Mr Snow explains historians have long believed ancient China remained separated from the rest of the world. But the Terracotta Army could disprove that theory.The time of the First Emperor was around 220 BC, when, on the eastern edge of the Eurasian(欧亚的)landmass, was the Chinese worlds with competing mini states over there. Over on the west of Eurasia, the Roman Empire started to expand over here and Greece was a great power.“What's going on artistically in the East and West is very different in the third century BC. The classic Greek art is easy to recognize, with the absolute high watermark of artistic expression, beautiful—a-metre-and-a-half tall, human in its look. But in the Chinese world, you've got just 10 cm tall, far more basic.” says Mr Snow. He continues, “Then something changes;in fact, everything changes—there's a revolution. Suddenly, in 220 BC you get the Terracotta Army light years ahead of what's gone before. It starts to look far less like before and far more like what's going on in the western world, both life-size, both lifelike, both attempts at realism.”This couldn't be more important, because it's always been assumed that China developed in isolation(隔离). But if that's not the case, if the First Emperor of China imported western ideas and techniques to create his extraordinary arts, that forces us to completely rewrite the history books.1.What confused Dan Snow about the Terracotta Army?A.Why Qinshihuang ordered people to create them.B.Who instructed ancient people to create them.C.Why their design was different from previous time.D.What kind of clothes ancient people preferred to wear.2.What do most historians think of ancient China?A.It was not closed to the outside world.B.Many mini states coexisted peacefully.C.Building an army of sculptures was very common then.D.It built a good relationship with the rest of the world.3.What can we infer about the clay sculptures in ancient China before 220 BC?A.They were in small sizes.                B.Their styles changed greatly.C.Their facial expressions seemed real.       D.They looked similar to the Greek ones.4.What is the best title for the text?A.The Development of Chinese Art             B.Westerners Found in Ancient ChinaC.The Discovery of China's Terracotta ArmyD.Historians Reconsidering the Remote Past of China（B） Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time.She fought for women’s rights long before they became a popular issue.Susan was born on February 15,1820,in Adams,Massachusetts.At that time,women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband.Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers.Women could not vote.At the age of 15,Susan became a schoolteacher.She taught for 15 years.Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women.She helped gain better educational rights for women.She helped give married women possession of their earnings.After the Civil War,Susan became very involved in the women’s suffrage movement.After years of lecturing,writing,and appealing by Susan and other women,some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote.The first state was Wyoming in 1869.Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming’s decision.It was not until 1920 that the U.S.Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86.She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950.She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin.It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.1.What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born?A.They had low social status.B.They could vote after getting married.C.They managed money for their husbands.D.They were responsible for decision-making.2.What is the third paragraph mainly about?A.Susan’s teaching experiences.             B.Susan’s educational background.C.Susan’s efforts to abolish slavery.          D.Susan’s fighting for women’s causes.3.What does the word “decision” in the fourth paragraph refer to?A.Promoting the social movement.B.Changing the U.S. Constitution.C.Giving women voting rights.D.Uniting other areas and states.4.What may be the best title for the text?A.The first American woman to invent coinsB.The problem of women’s rights in the U.S.C.The most popular women organizationsD.A pioneer in fighting for women’s rights五：话题写作训练（A）假定你是李华，你校即将举行一年一度的 12.9 歌咏比赛活动，你想邀请你的外国朋友 Mike 观看。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 12.9 的历史由来；活动比赛形式；活动的时间地点 参考词汇 爱国运动 patriotic movement                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          （B）假定你是李华,你的美国朋友David来信说他对中国的丝绸文化以及“一带一路”倡议很感兴趣,请给他回信,要点如下:1.丝绸始于新石器时代;2.原料为蚕茧,兼具高雅与环保;3.古丝绸之路对世界文化交流的作用;4.“一带一路”倡议将产生的深远影响。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。参考词汇:“一带一路”倡议 the Belt and Road Initiative　新石器时代Neolithic Age　蚕茧the silkworm cocoon