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热点练06完形填空之记叙文（热点话题）-2022年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（新高考专用）
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这是一份热点练06完形填空之记叙文（热点话题）-2022年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（新高考专用），文件包含热点练06完形填空之记叙文热点话题-2022年高考英语热点·重点·难点专练新高考专用教师版doc、热点练06完形填空之记叙文热点话题-2022年高考英语热点·重点·难点专练新高考专用学生版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
热点练06 完形填空之记叙文（热点话题）
高考完形填空遵循“考查考生综合理解、灵活用语言知识的能力，突出考查考生在语篇情中依据上下文灵活运用词能力”这一原则，在一篇内容完整的文章中有目的地挖出一些词汇或短语，要求考生在上下文信息被隔断的情况下对文章进行阅读、通过利用基础知识、阅读能力、思维能力和判断能力对每个空白处的备选选项作出最合理的分析，从而选出最佳选项，使文章主旨鲜明、逻辑严密、内容完整。选文涉及的体有记叙文、说明文和议论文，且全国新高考卷设空数为15空，选文篇幅一般介于200—250词。
新高考卷完形填空文章在体裁上多以记叙文为主。文章故事性强，同时融了一些人物的心理活动描写和就某些现象所进行的议论，从而使文章内容更加丰富多样。这就要求考生既要完整地把握故事情节，又要有很好的逻辑思能力。从文章中所挖空来看，空缺词以实词为主，其中重点考查动词、名词、形容词和副词；而介词、连词等虚词所占比重很小。
考向1：语义辨析题
完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。因此，考生在做题时一定要从整体上把握文章内容，进行连贯性思考，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，从而选出最符合语境的答案。
[全国Ⅲ 2020] She was 49 ( displeased with） absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather
50 that she became a "regular".
50. A.relaxed B.delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
【解析】根据空前的 She was displeased with absolutely everything, nothing was right可知，她对一切都不满意，觉得什么都不对；结合空后的 she became a“ regular''”可知，她后来居然成了一位常客，由此可推断，作者应是对此感到吃惊。 surprised意为“惊讶的”，符合语境。 relaxed意为“放松的”；delighted意为“高兴的”；embarrassed意为“尴尬的”。
考向2：巧妙利用原词复现
在做完形填空题时，考生必须借助对上下文的理解才能得出答案，有时首段的信息会决定末段设空题目的答案。有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中，而词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯,从而构成一个完整、有机的意义整体。复现信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、同源词复现等。因此，考生必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性，结合全文语境并运用逻辑思维答题。
[全国I 2020] I hate lying to the kids. One day they'll 47(wake up)and discover that everything they've always
known about windows is a 48 .
48. A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D. fact
【解析】根据上文的 I hate lying to the kids.和 One day they'll wake up and discover可知，总有一天他们会发现自己所了解的关于窗户的事情是一个谎言。lie意为“谎言”，符合语境，且和 lying构成复现关系。 dream意为“梦想”;；fantasy意为“幻想，想象”；fact意为“事实”。
考向3：逻辑衔接问题
表示上下文逻辑关系的语篇标志词涉及文章的起承转合、上下连贯，如表示并列关系的词或短语有and, as well as等；表示转折关系的词或短语有but, however, though, whereas, nevertheless, yet, on the contrary, otherwise, on the other hand等；表示顺序的词或短语有 to begin with, first, firstly, second, secondly, then, next, finally等；表示解释的词或短语有 that is to say, in other words等；表示因果的词短语有so, therefore, thus, because, as a result, consequently, hence, for this reason, since等；表示让步的词或短语有 although, though, despite, in spite of, after all, even though, even if等；表示条件关系的词或短语有if, unless, provided that, in case((of)等；表示附加说明、例证的词或短语有 likewise, similarly, for example, for instance, incidentally, indeed, in fact, in particular, that is等；表示概括总结的词或短语有 in brief, in short, in conclusion, in a word, on the whole, generally speaking, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude等。对于有些设空，抓住这些关键词，理清前后关系就能找出正确选项。
I couldn't quite believe my 53 (luck) it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 54 .
54. A.common B. confusing C. desirable D. awful
【解析】根据上文的 it turned out no one got badly hurt, 和表转折的连词but并结合常识可知, 此处应指, 没有人受重伤, 但后果本来有可能很可怕。 awful意为“可怕的”, 符合语境。common意为“常见的”；confusing意为“令人困惑的”，desirable意为“理想的;值得做的”，故答案选D。
考向4：考查生活常识
考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地按照作者的思路轻松解题。
[天津2018] No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own 16 .
16. A.luck B.tests C. efforts D.nature
【解析】句意为：没有人天生是赢家。人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家。根据常识可知本空应选C项。
考向5：惯用搭配题
在解题时，可以通过分析习惯用语、固定搭配等知识和句子结构，进行有效的推理判断，从而选出最佳选项。有时，设空处考查对某些句型的具体运用能力，空白处的选项主要是某些句型中常用的关联词，因此，考生应注重平时积累，总结规律，从而快速准确选出正确选项。
[浙江2020年1月] When I 50 my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn.
50. A. regretted B. reviewed C. made D. explained
【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示作重大的人生决定时，make a decision是固定搭配，意为“作出决定”。故答案选C。
满分技巧：
1. 运用逻辑关系解题
2. 运用上下文解题
3. 运用主旨句解题
4. 运用常识解题
5. 运用文化常识或固定搭配解题
6. 运用排除法解题
解题思路
第一步：通读全文，定中心，抓住明线
完形填空的命题原则一般是文章第一句不设空，以使得考生快速进入语境，把握整篇文章。试题所选短文是一个整体，词、句、段三者之间存在一定的逻辑关系，因此解题时，考生首先要跳过空格浏览全文，从整体上理解文章大意，把握文章脉络。此时考生不必急于为每一个空白选出答案，可以利用上下文信息进行预测，部分地选出答案。对于没有把握的部分先不予处理，集中注意力于上下文，细心推敲，直至最
后选出答案。
另外，为了对文章进行准确理解和把握，考生要充分利用文章首句、首段来把握文章主旨大意。有时也应注意将文章的首尾联系起来，以便对文章的主旨把握得更准确。有些文章是按照事情发生、发展的顺序来展开，最后才点明故事的结局，揭示事件的哲理；只有读懂了故事的结局，吃透文章的寓意，考生才能对文章进行准确定位。
第二步：仔细读文章，瞻前顾后，先易后难，抓住暗线
有的考生在做完形填空题时，一看到比较熟悉的语法结构，如句子、短语等，便不假思索地去选答案，对特定的语境不作深入的理解，导致“定式思维”的错误。注意上下文逻辑推理和中英文差异。
第三步：重检查，理清明暗线
高考完形填空所选文章都堪称精品，其逻辑必是上下贯通，其结构也必是自然有序、脉络清晰。因此，做完一篇完形填空以后，考生心里对文章的线索、脉络以及主旨、寓意等也应该有一种很“明朗”的感觉；如果做完以后，还是似懂非懂，犹如“雾里看花”，那就证明对文章的把握还不到位，还需要复读全文，验证答案。考生可以从文章的内在逻辑入手，看所选答案是否经得起推敲，是否能自然融入整个语篇。如果有游离于文章主旨之外或与整篇文章的逻辑相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。
记叙文：感恩尊重别人，励志故事，帮助别人预约新冠疫苗传递正能量，对待困难，要有耐心。
Passage 1 完形填空
（2021·新高考I卷·完形填空）
话题：这是篇记叙文。父亲通过我假期工让我学会感恩和尊重别人
难度：★★
建议用时：8分钟
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】
41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B
46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A
51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在一次春假时，我去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让小孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered定制； C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我的工作是制作小兔子蛋糕，由此推知，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭； C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据“throughout Cleveland”结合生活常识，可知这里指的是这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选A。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的； B. financial财政的；C. technical技术的； D. temporary暂时的。根据“during our spring break”可知这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口； D. hobbies爱好。根据“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知我没有其他计划。故选A。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣的是最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得； C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。故选B。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据“I'd see how a factory”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的同意 。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历； D. invitation邀请。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我们已经在工厂工作了，所以必然是得到了他们的同意。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. joys欢乐； B. ideas观点；C. roles任务； D. choices选择。根据“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知这是我们的任务。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止； D. Remove移动。根据“bunny from the belt.”可知这里意思是把兔子从传送带上拿下来。故选D。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的； C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来； B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据“and the cakes pile up”可知这里意思是慢一点，就会造成蛋糕堆积起来的后果。故选B。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一个晚上的晚餐上告诉父母的那样，一切都比我预料的要紧张。A. indicated表明； B. witnessed目击； C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知工作的实际情况比我预料的要紧张。故选C。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭了； B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫； D. refused拒绝。根据“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”结合生活常识，可知父亲看到我在第一次挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，联想到自己童年时类似的经历，父亲会心的笑了。故选B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering送货。根据“The son of a grocer”可知作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠； C. receive收到；D. appreciate欣赏。根据“the dollars you earned”结合生活常识，可知孩子们会感激并且非常珍惜自己劳动得到的报酬。故选D。
Passage 2 完形填空
话题：这是一篇记叙文，身体残疾梦想体育事业成功的励志故事
难度：★★
建议用时：8分钟
Until April 2, 2011, everything in my life was perfect. I was sitting tight like every other 1 in the country to watch India 2 the world cup. But this day turned my 3 upside down.
I took the train to reach home early that day to watch the match. I caught the 4 train but got pushed out. Next moment I found myself on the track with my right leg injured and 5 badly. I did not feel pain at that moment, as I think it took time to 6 the “reality”. I was sent to hospital 7 . As soon as I regained 8 , my first question was whether India won. Hearing the doctor reply yes, my happiness knew no 9 . But he also told me I should 10 with my leg.
I always dreamt of becoming a professional sportsman one day. But after this, I was in despair as I 11 it would never be possible with only one leg. Then, I happened to learn about the Paralympics (残奧会). My dream was 12 . But it was not easy. When I went for long jump, although I was good at it, I was told I would need a blade prosthetic (义肢) which I could not 13 .
I spent a year looking for 14 and approached various companies. To my luck in 2013, I got financial support from the Dakshin Rehabilitation Centre. Thereafter, I began taking my 15 in sports seriously and dreamt of representing India in Paralympics one day.
1．A．parent B．athlete C．student D．fan
2．A．lift B．imagine C．relay D．quit
3．A．life B．body C．country D．study
4．A．steaming B．packed C．cheap D．late
5．A．burning B．bleeding C．suffering D．reacting
6．A．forget B．miss C．accept D．welcome
7．A．gradually B．rudely C．immediately D．accidentally
8．A．power B．confidence C．order D．consciousness
9．A．time B．bounds C．colors D．surprise
10．A．part B．dance C．struggle D．meet
11．A．agreed B．joked C．guaranteed D．thought
12．A．praised B．arranged C．restored D．nailed
13．A．believe B．object C．afford D．permit
14．A．funds B．volunteers C．coaches D．receivers
15．A．injury B．pleasure C．talent D．career
【答案】
1．D2．A3．A4．B5．B6．C7．C8．D9．B10．A11．D12．C13．C14．A15．D
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在2011年4月2日这一天不慎摔下火车，右腿被截肢，一直梦想有一天能成为一名职业运动员的作者陷入了绝望。在了解到残奥会后，作者再次恢复了梦想，开始寻找资助买义肢，并最终得到了资助，开始认真对待自己的体育事业，梦想有一天能代表印度参加残奥会。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和这个国家的其他球迷一样坐在那里观看印度举起世界杯。A. parent父母；B. athlete运动员；C. student学生；D. fan爱好者。根据后文提到作者在观看世界杯，所以推测这里指和其它球迷一起坐着观看电视。故选D。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和这个国家的其他球迷一样坐在那里观看印度举起世界杯。A. lift举起，振奋；B. imagine相信；C. relay转送；D. quit停止。根据后文“the world cup”可知指印度举起世界杯，lift符合语境。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这一天让我的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。A. life生活；B. body身体；C. country国家；D. study学习。根据后文讲述了作者因为从火车上摔下去，导致腿被截肢，可推测作者的生活在这一天发生了翻天覆地的变化。故选A。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我赶上了拥挤的火车，却被推了出去。A. steaming非常热的；B. packed挤满的，塞满的；C. cheap便宜的；D. late迟的。根据后文“train but got pushed out”结合常识，可推测火车非常拥挤，故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：紧接着，我发现自己在轨道上，右腿受了伤，严重失血。A. burning燃烧； B.
bleeding流血；C. suffering遭受；D. reacting反应。根据上文“my right leg injured and”可知作者伤了右腿，在流血。故选B。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一刻我并没有感到痛苦，因为我觉得接受“现实”需要时间。A. forget忘记；B. miss错过；C. accept接受；D. welcome欢迎。结合后文宾语“the “reality””可知此处指花时间接受“现实”。故选C。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我被立即送往医院。A. gradually逐渐地；B. rudely粗鲁地；C. immediately立即；D. accidentally意外地。作者受了重伤，所以是立即被送往医院。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一恢复意识，我的第一个问题是印度是否赢了。A. power力量；B. confidence自信；C. order订单；D. consciousness意识。根据后文“my first question was whether India won”可知指作者恢复意识了就问印度是不是赢了比赛，consciousness符合语境，故选D。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到医生的回答是肯定的，我高兴极了。A. time时间；B. bounds界限；C. colors颜色；D. surprise惊喜。根据上文“Hearing the doctor reply yes, my happiness knew no”可知指作者得知印度获胜的消息，非常高兴，短语no bounds“无止境”。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他也告诉我，我应该放弃我的腿。A. part分开；B. dance舞蹈；C. struggle挣扎；D. meet遇到。结合后文“it would never be possible with only one leg.”可知医生告诉作者要截肢，part with“放弃”符合语境。故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在这之后，我陷入了绝望，因为我认为只有一条腿是不可能实现的。A. agreed同意；B. joked开玩笑；C. guaranteed保证；D. thought认为。根据后文“it would never be possible with only one leg”可知，只有一条腿是不可能实现梦想的，是作者当时的想法。故选D。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的梦想恢复了。A. praised赞美；B. arranged安排；C. restored恢复；D. nailed钉住。根据上文“Then, I happened to learn about the Paralympics.”可知，作者碰巧了解到残奥会，自己想要成为职业运动员的梦想又恢复了。故选C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我参加跳远比赛时，尽管我很擅长，但我被告知需要一个刀片义肢，而我负担不起。A. believe相信；B. object反对；C. afford买得起；D. permit允许。呼应后文“To my luck in 2013, I got financial support from the Dakshin Rehabilitation Centre.”作者得到经济援助，可推测作者当时买不起义肢。故选C。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我花了一年时间寻找资金，接触了很多公司。A. funds资金；B. volunteers志愿者；C. coaches教练；D. receivers接受器。呼应后文“To my luck in 2013, I got financial support from the Dakshin Rehabilitation Centre.”作者花一年时间去寻找资金，买义肢。故选A。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我开始认真对待我的体育事业，梦想有一天能代表印度参加残奥会。A. injury伤害；B. pleasure快乐；C. talent才能；D. career事业。根据后文“in sports seriously and dreamt of representing India in Paralympics one day”可知作者得到了资助，所以开始认真对待自己的体育事业。故选D。
Passage 3 完形填空
话题：这是一篇记叙文，对待困难，要有耐心。
难度：★★
建议用时：8分钟
It had been a long business trip. We had already had multiple flight delays, so I was pleased when we 1 boarded the plane on schedule. The flight attendants shut the door, 2 the passengers, and soon after, I heard the sound of the engines firing, which seemed quite 3 to me.
It is common in Atlanta that we had to wait a bit on the 4 for our turn. And then finally we started moving slowly. 5 , when we did so for about 10 minutes, suddenly the plane stopped. An announcement came that we'd have a delay, and we'd be in a holding pattern(等待航线) for a little while.
That "little while" 6 90 minutes at last. It was almost 40 degrees and we were 7 in the small plane with almost no air conditioning. It seemed like a(n) 8 ! So when the plane took off in the end, all the passengers couldn't help cheering.
Waiting is not something that comes easily to me. I'm more like the sports car with the engine 9 waiting at the crossing. The moment the traffic light turns greens, I will rush out urgently.
But now, as I've reached my advanced age, I've 10 something: When I have to stay in a "holding pattern", it will be wise to accept that with 11 and a good attitude.
Sometimes those "holding patterns" are for my 12 . They teach me something connect with someone, or make me wait until things are 13 . Sometimes those "holding patterns" seem very long and 14 just like the one on the hot airplane but I should trust everything will be OK. I should know what I can do is just have 15 with the difficult time.
1．A．actually B．eventually C．instantly D．deliberately
2．A．settled B．comforted C．lined D．investigated
3．A．disgusting B．sharp C．certain D．beautiful
4．A．runway B．platform C．pavement D．road
5．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Instead D．However
6．A．turned into B．made up C．ran out of D．led to
7．A．limited B．trapped C．expected D．forbidden
8．A．dream B．failure C．disaster D．adventure
9．A．breaking down B．running C．losing control D．dying
10．A．confirmed B．deserved C．experienced D．realized
11．A．gratitude B．pain C．kindness D．awe
12．A．taste B．right C．benefit D．excitement
13．A．in a mess B．in store C．in place D．in common
14．A．unbearable B．frightening C．discouraging D．strange
15．A．courage B．confidence C．patience D．curiosity
【答案】
1．B2．A3．D4．A5．D6．A7．B8．C9．B10．D11．A12．C13．C14．A15．C
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。在商务旅行中，作者的航班被延误过几次。在亚特兰大，当作者的飞机在即将起飞时，通知说他的航班需要延误一会儿，结果等待了将近90分钟。但是，现在年事已高，他终于明白“等待模式”的好处了，对待困难，要有耐心。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们已经有过多次航班延误，所以当我们最终按时登上飞机时，我很高兴。A. actually事实上；B. eventually最终；C instantly立即；D. deliberately故意地。根据上文“We had already had multiple flight delays,”可知，当最终登上飞机时，作者感到很高兴。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：空乘人员关上门，让乘客们安顿下来，不久，我听到了引擎点火的声音，这在我看来很美。A. settled安排好；B. comforted安慰；C. lined沿……形成行(或列、排)；D. investigated调查。根据“The flight attendants shut the door,”和常识可知，当乘客登上飞机后，空乘人员会做好对乘客的安顿工作。故选A。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：空乘人员关上门，让乘客们安顿下来，不久，我听到了引擎点火的声音，这在我看来很美。A. disgusting令人不快的；B. sharp锋利的；C. certain确信的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据“It had been a long business trip. We had already had multiple flight delays, so I was pleased when we ____1____ boarded the plane on schedule.”可知，作者是在商务旅行，途中航班已经几次延误，当他们最终登上飞机时，他们很高兴，发动机发动声音对他们来说是美丽的。故选D。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这在亚特兰大很常见，我们不得不在跑道上等一段时间才轮到我们，然后我们开始慢慢移动。A. runway跑道；B. platform平台；C. pavement人行道；D. road马路。此处是指飞机在跑道上等待起飞。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们这样做了大约10分钟，突然飞机停了下来。A. Therefore因此B. Otherwise否则；C. Instead反而，相反；D. However可是，然而。根据上文“And then finally we started moving slowly.”以及句中的“suddenly the plane stopped.”可知，他们这样移动了将近10分钟，突然，飞机停了下来，此句与上文之间是转折关系。故选D。
6．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那“一小段时间”最后变成了90分钟。A. turned into变成；B. made up弥补；C. ran out off用完；D. led to导致。根据句中的“little while”和“90 minutes”可推知，等一会儿变成了等90分钟。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时气温接近40度，我们被困在几乎没有空调的小飞机里。A. limited限制；B. trapped困住；C. expected期待；D. forbidden禁止。根据常识可知，飞机在跑道上，乘客是不能下飞机的，乘客只能被困在飞机上。故选B。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是一场灾难!A. dream做梦；B. failure失败；C. disaster灾难；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“That "little while"____6____90 minutes at last. It was almost 40 degrees and we were____7____in the small plane with almost no air conditioning.”可知，这对作者来说就像灾难一样。故选C。
9．考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：我更像是一辆在十字路口开着引擎的跑车。 A breaking down发生故障；B. running运转；C. losing control失去控制；D. dying死亡。根据下文“The moment the traffic light turns green, I will rush out urgently. ”以及句中的engine可知，作者就像在十字路口等待发动机运转的跑车。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在，当我年事已高时，我意识到了一件事：当我要呆在一种“等待模式”时，怀着感激之情和良好的态度去接受它是明智的。A confirmed确认；B. deserved值得；C. experienced经历；D. realized意识到。根据上文“But now, as I've reached my advanced age,”可推知，作者现在对某些事情已经意识到了其中的意思。故选D。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在，当我年事已高时，我意识到了一件事：当我要待在一种“等待模式”时，怀着感激之情和良好的态度去接受它是明智的。A. gratitude感激；B. pain痛苦；C. kindness善良；D. awe敬畏。根据语境可知，既然在“等待模式”中，应该怀着感激之情和良好的态度去接受它。故选A。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，那些“等待模式”是为了我的利益。A. taste味道；B. right权力；C. benefit利益；D. excitement激动。根据下文“They teach me something connect with someone,”可知，那些“等待模式”是为了作者的利益。故选C。
13．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他们教我一些东西，和某人联系，或者让我等到事情都就绪。A .in a mess混乱；B. in store准备着；C.in place在正确的位置；D. in common共同之处。根据下文“just like the one on the hot airplane but I should trust everything will be OK.”可知，“等待模式”让作者一直等到事情都就绪了。故选C。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时那些“等待航线”看起来很长，难以忍受，就像在炎热的飞机上，但我应该相信一切都会好起来。A. unbearable无法忍受的；B. frightening令人惊骇的；C. discouraging令人沮丧的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文作者炎热天气里在飞机上等90分钟的经历和下文“just like the one on the hot airplane ”可知，“等待模式”是难以忍受的。故选A。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我应该知道我能做的就是对困难要有耐心。A. courage勇气；B. confidence自信；C. patience耐心；D. curiosity好奇。根据上文“Sometimes those "holding patterns" seem very long and ____14____ just like the one on the hot airplane but I should trust everything will be OK.”可知，作者明白他所能做的就是面对困难要有耐心。故选C。
Passage 4 完形填空
话题：这是一篇记叙文，Mead用自己的计算机技术帮助400多人成功地预约到了新冠疫苗
难度：★★
建议用时：8分钟
Marty Verel, a 59-year-old kidney transplant recipient in Ohio, should have been near the top of the list to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (疫苗). 1 , like millions of others, he wasn’t having any luck 2 an appointment. Marty and his wife, Nancy Verel, would sit with tablets on their laps trying for hours on different sites 3 , all of which were slow and complicated. “I felt 4 ,” Nancy says.
Then Nancy heard about Rebecca Mead, who was spending 5 ten hours a day online securing appointments for those with no 6 to the vaccine. So Nancy messaged Mead on Facebook and twenty-five minutes later, Mead 7 by asking for Marty’s basic information. Nine minutes after that, Mead made the appointment for Marty.
Mead’s vaccine 8 started on February 1, when she learned that her parents were unable to get appointments themselves. 9 around on vaccine registration sites, Mead, who has been helping her husband develop websites, discovered how 10 it was to book an appointment. She 11 strategies that web insiders are familiar with and added some of her special skills. “I’m 12 . I drink a lot of coffee, and I’m a fast 13 ,” she says. Eventually, Mead secured appointments for both of her parents.
Mead decided that helping others would be her way of 14 the society. By March 2, she’d secured appointments for 400 people, a(n) 15 that made Nancy conclude, “Mead is some sort of COVID angel.”
1．A．Instead B．Therefore C．However D．Moreover
2．A．scheduling B．delaying C．following D．canceling
3．A．relaxedly B．patiently C．confidently D．desperately
4．A．tireless B．hopeless C．fearless D．aimless
5．A．less than B．up to C．within D．exactly
6．A．addiction B．relation C．access D．key
7．A．appeared B．cooperated C．volunteered D．responded
8．A．hunting B．adventure C．research D．sacrifice
9．A．Travelling B．Clicking C．Walking D．Messing
10．A．easy B．fast C．difficult D．impossible
11．A．explained B．abandoned C．evaluated D．applied
12．A．persistent B．intelligent C．considerate D．selfless
13．A．writer B．typist C．speaker D．recorder
14．A．relieving B．repairing C．rebuilding D．repaying
15．A．goal B．score C．achievement D．influence
【答案】
1．C2．A3．D4．B5．B6．C7．D8．A9．B10．C11．D12．A13．B14．D15．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Nancy在Mead的帮助下成功地帮助丈夫预约到了新冠疫苗。Mead用自己的计算机技术帮助400多人成功地预约到了新冠疫苗，Nancy甚至称赞Mead是天使。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，像其他数百万人一样，他没有任何运气安排一个预约。A. Instead相反；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而； D. Moreover此外。根据前一句“Marty Verel, a 59-year-old kidney transplant recipient in Ohio, should have been near the top of the list to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (疫苗).”可知，因为Marty Verel做了肾移植手术，应该优先注射新冠疫苗，后文提到他没有得到疫苗的预约；前后表示转折关系，需要副词however。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. scheduling安排；B. delaying推迟；C. following跟随；D. canceling取消。根据后文“all of which were slow and complicated.”可知，预约打新冠疫苗很慢而又复杂，由此可知，此处表示Marty Verel没有被被安排新冠疫苗预约。故选A。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意： Marty和他的妻子Nancy Verel会把平板电脑放在腿上，拼命地在不同的网站上试上几个小时，所有这些网站都很慢，也很复杂。A. relaxedly轻松地；B. patiently耐心地；C. confidently自信地；D. desperately拼命地，不顾一切地。前文提到很难预约到新冠疫苗，所以Marty和他的妻子Nancy Verel会把平板电脑放在腿上，拼命地在不同的网站上试上几个小时。故选D。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我感到绝望，”Nancy说。A. tireless不知疲倦的；B. hopeless没有希望的；C. fearless无畏的；D. aimless漫无目的的。因为很难预约新冠疫苗，所以Nancy感到绝望。故选B。
5．考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：后来南希听说了Rebecca Mead的事，她每天要在网上花多达10个小时
为那些无法获得疫苗的人争取预约。A. less than少于；B. up to多达；C. within在……之内；D. exactly确切地。前文说新冠疫苗很难预约，所以此处需要固定短语up to，表示预约疫苗的不易，需要多达10小时。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。 A. addiction上瘾；B. relation关系；C. access(使用或见到的)机会，权利；D. key钥匙。根据空前“who was spending 5 ten hours a day online securing appointments ”可知，此处指给无法获得新冠疫苗的人争取预约。故选C。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是Nancy在Facebook上给Mead发信息，25分钟后，Mead回复Nancy，询问Marty的基本信息。A. appeared出现；B. cooperated合作；C. volunteered自愿做；D. responded回复。根据前文“So Nancy messaged Mead on Facebook and twenty-five minutes later”可知，因为Nancy在脸谱上给Mead发了信息，所以此处表示Mead回复了信息。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mead的疫苗搜寻工作从2月1日开始，当时她得知她的父母自己无法预约。A. hunting寻找；B. adventure冒险；C. research研究；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据前文“Then Nancy heard about Rebecca Mead, who was spending 5 ten hours a day online securing appointments”可知，Mead在网上帮助人们寻找新冠疫苗信息。故选A。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mead一直在帮助丈夫开发网站，她在疫苗注册网站上四处点击，发现预约是多么困难。A. Travelling旅行；B. Clicking点击；C. Walking行走D. Messing 弄乱。根据空后“on vaccine registration sites,”可知，此处指在疫苗注册网站上四处点击。故选B。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. easy容易的；B. fast快速的；C. difficult困难的；D. impossible不可能的。根据后文“added some of her special skills.”可知，因为用了一些特殊的技能才在网上抢到疫苗，所以预约疫苗很困难。故选C。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她运用了网络业内人士熟悉的策略，并加入了自己的一些特殊技能。A. explained解释；B. abandoned遗弃；C. evaluated评估；D. applied运用。根据前文描述可知，因为网上预约新冠疫苗很难，所以Mead运用了网络业内人士熟悉的策略。故选D。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我坚持不懈。A. persistent坚持不懈的，执着的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. considerate体贴的；D. selfless无私的。根据后文“Eventually, Mead secured appointments for both of her parents.”，Mead坚持不懈地努力了，最终给父母成功地预约到新冠疫苗。故选A。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喝很多咖啡，打字速度很快。A. writer作家；B. typist打字员；C. speaker发言者；D. recorder录音机，记录器。因为要在网上预约新冠疫苗，预约很难，所以此处表示Mead打字很快，成功率更高。故选B。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mead决定帮助别人将是她回报社会的方式。A. relieving减轻；B. repairing修理；C. rebuilding重建；D. repaying报答。根据空前“helping others”可知，Mead决定帮助别人来回报社会。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到3月2日，她已经为400人安排了预约，这一成就让Nancy得出结论：“Mead是某种新型冠状病毒的天使。”A. goal目标；B. score得分；C. achievement成就；D. influence影响。根据前文“she’d secured appointments for 400 people”可知，因为已经帮助400人安排了预约，所以这是一项了不起的成就。故选C。
Passage 5完形填空
话题：这是篇记叙文，作者与病魔的斗争也让作者变得越来越坚强
难度：★★
建议用时：8分钟
I was fifteen and a high school freshman when I started rapidly losing weight. I was about 130 pounds, and I was 1 ten pounds every couple of weeks. I couldn’t understand why I was always hungry, thirsty, and never 2 .Every night I 3 five or six times, feeling like I had to go to the bathroom, but I never really had to. Finally, I decided to go to the hospital to 4 nothing bad was going on.
I remembered being 5 in the hospital, confused, hungry, and with an extremely 6 blood sugar level. The doctors and nurses thought I might pass out, so they injected me and told me the worst news I could have imagined— tests showed that I had Type 1 juvenile diabetes. I was so 7 that the only question I could think to ask was, “Am I going to die?” A nurse told me to go out, enjoy a meal with my family, and 8 , because tomorrow my new, difficult life would begin.
I don’t remember what time I had to be at the hospital, 9 I know it was early. Three nurses, one dietician, and a doctor all trained me, over the course of two days, to 10 me. Every needle hurt, but in some way I began to feel 11 every time I was able to think about the needles without crying.
Now, nearly three years later, I still remember the 12 when the doctors told me I was a Type 1 diabetic. I’m 13 when I look back that I was able to be strong, and that my family and friends supported me. I’m now two months shy of eighteen. To this day, I have had 3,38 needle injections, but each of them helps me to remember I must be strong. 14 , I am grateful for my disease—it has made me the person I am today, and I would never 15 who I am.
1．A．keeping B．carrying C．dropping D．measuring
2．A．satisfied B．frustrated C．determined D．stimulated
3．A．stood up B．woke up C．dressed up D．cheered up
4．A．make out B．make for C．make sure D．make up
5．A．looked after B．operated on C．paid for D．checked over
6．A．swift B．flat C．high D．average
7．A．ashamed B．annoyed C．depressed D．delighted
8．A．recover B．relax C．escape D．exercise
9．A．so B．and C．because D．but
10．A．make fun of B．make use of C．take control of D．take care of
11．A．stronger B．healthier C．stranger D．simpler
12．A．message B．dream C．feeling D．courage
13．A．appreciated B．appropriate C．approximate D．apparent
14．A．Fortunately B．Doubtfully C．Naturally D．Incredibly
15．A．mind B．recognize C．shape D．change
【答案】
1．C2．A3．B4．C5．D6．C7．C8．B9．D10．D11．A12．C13．A14．D15．D
【分析】
本文是记叙文。作者在15岁时不幸罹患糖尿病，但与病魔的斗争也让作者变得越来越坚强。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我当时大约130磅，每隔几周就减10磅。A. keeping保持；B. carrying搬运；C. dropping降低，掉下；D. measuring测量。根据上文中的“I started rapidly losing weight”可知，作者的体重下降得很快，每几周就“降（dropping）”十磅。故选C。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不明白为什么我总是又饿又渴，从来没有吃饱过。A. satisfied满意的；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. determined坚定的；D. stimulated受激的。根据上文中“I was always hungry, thirsty”可知，作者总感觉饥饿，口渴，永不“满足（satisfied）”。故选A。
3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天晚上我都会醒来五六次，感觉我必须上厕所，但我从来没有不是真地需要上厕所。A. stood up站起来；B. woke up醒来；C. dressed up打扮；D. cheered up使高兴。根据文中的“five or six times, feeling like I had to go to the bathroom”可知，作者每晚总会醒来五六次，却并不是真的需要去厕所。故选B。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，我决定去医院看看确保没有什么不好的事情发生。A. make out理解；B. make for导致；C. make sure确定；D. make up编造。根据上文中对各种症状的描述可知，作者最终决定去医院做检查来“确定（make sure）”自己没有问题。故选C。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我记得在医院检查时，我感到迷糊、饥饿，而且血糖水平非常高。A. looked after照顾；B. operated on起作用；C. paid for支付；D. checked over检查。根据下文中的“in the hospital”及“blood sugar level”可知，作者去医院接受了“检查（checked over）”。故选D。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得在医院检查时，我感到迷糊、饥饿，而且血糖水平非常高。A. swift迅速的；B. flat平的；C. high高的；D. average平均的。根据文中的“The doctors and nurses thought I might pass out， so they injected me”及“I had Type 1 juvenile diabetes”可知，作者的血糖水平很高（high），医生和护士告诉了作者他所能想到的最坏的消息——化验显示作者罹患了1型糖尿病。故选C。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常沮丧，我能想到的唯一一个问题是，“我会死吗？”A. ashamed羞愧的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. delighted高兴的。根据该空后的“Am I going to die?”可知，作者非常“沮丧（depressed）”。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个护士让我出去，和家人一起吃顿饭，放松一下，因为明天我就要开始新的艰难的生活了。A. recover恢复；B. relax放松；C. escape逃走；D. exercise锻炼。根据上文中的“A nurse told me to go out, enjoy a meal with my family”及下文中作者接受治疗的描述可知，一位护士让作者去和家人吃顿饭“放松（relax）”一下，因为第二天作者新的、艰苦的生活就会开始。故选B。
9．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我不记得去医院的时间了，但我知道时间还早。A. so所以；B. and并且；C. because因为；D. but但是。作者不知道自己什么时候到的医院与知道很早之间是转折关系，应用连词but。故选D。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：三名护士，一名营养师和一名医生在两天的时间里训练我照顾我。A. make fun of取笑；B. make use of利用；C. take control of控制；D. take care of照顾。根据上文中“Three nurses， one dietician, and a doctor all trained me, over the course of two days”可知，医护人员是在“照顾(take care of)”作者。故选D。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一根针都很疼，但在某种程度上，每当我能想到那些针而不哭的时候，我就开始觉得自己更坚强了。A. stronger更坚强的；B. healthier更健康的；C. stranger更陌生的；D. simpler更简单的。根据上文中的“Every needle hurt”及下文中的“I was able to think about the needles without crying”可知，作者开始觉得自己“越来越坚强（stronger）”。故选A。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，将近3年过去了，我仍然记得当医生告诉我我是1型糖尿病患者时的感觉。A. message消息；B. dream梦想；C. feeling感觉；D. courage勇气。根据上文中作者对自己发病、确诊及治疗的描述可知，作者仍然记得当初医生告诉自己罹患糖尿病时的“感觉（feeling）”。故选C。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回首往事时，我很感激自己能够变得坚强，我的家人和朋友都支持我。A. appreciated感激的；B. appropriate合适的；C. approximate近似的；D. apparent显然的。根据文中的“when I look back that I was able to be strong”可知，作者对于自己能坚强面对病痛和家人朋友能够支持自己，内心是非常“感激的（appreciated）”。故选A。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：难以置信的是，我对自己的疾病心存感激——它让我成为了今天的我，而且我永远不会改变自己。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Doubtfully怀疑地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Incredibly难以置信地。根据本段中的“To this day, I have had 3,38 needle injections, but each of them helps me to remember I must be strong.”及“it has made me the person I am today”可知，作者“惊奇地（Incredibly）”发现自己竟然很感谢这场病，因为自己已由原先患病时的悲伤无助变得坚强，而且作者会继续做坚强的人。故选D。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：难以置信的是，我对自己的疾病心存感激——它让我成为了今天的我，而且我永远不会改变自己。A. mind介意；B. recognize识别；C. shape塑造；D. change改变。根据上文“it has made me the person I am today, and I would never”可知作者认为疾病成就了自己，所以不会改变自己。故选D。
热点练06 完形填空之记叙文（热点话题）
高考完形填空遵循“考查考生综合理解、灵活用语言知识的能力，突出考查考生在语篇情中依据上下文灵活运用词能力”这一原则，在一篇内容完整的文章中有目的地挖出一些词汇或短语，要求考生在上下文信息被隔断的情况下对文章进行阅读、通过利用基础知识、阅读能力、思维能力和判断能力对每个空白处的备选选项作出最合理的分析，从而选出最佳选项，使文章主旨鲜明、逻辑严密、内容完整。选文涉及的体有记叙文、说明文和议论文，且全国新高考卷设空数为15空，选文篇幅一般介于200—250词。
新高考卷完形填空文章在体裁上多以记叙文为主。文章故事性强，同时融了一些人物的心理活动描写和就某些现象所进行的议论，从而使文章内容更加丰富多样。这就要求考生既要完整地把握故事情节，又要有很好的逻辑思能力。从文章中所挖空来看，空缺词以实词为主，其中重点考查动词、名词、形容词和副词；而介词、连词等虚词所占比重很小。
考向1：语义辨析题
完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。因此，考生在做题时一定要从整体上把握文章内容，进行连贯性思考，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，从而选出最符合语境的答案。
[全国Ⅲ 2020] She was 49 ( displeased with） absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather
50 that she became a "regular".
50. A.relaxed B.delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
【解析】根据空前的 She was displeased with absolutely everything, nothing was right可知，她对一切都不满意，觉得什么都不对；结合空后的 she became a“ regular''”可知，她后来居然成了一位常客，由此可推断，作者应是对此感到吃惊。 surprised意为“惊讶的”，符合语境。 relaxed意为“放松的”；delighted意为“高兴的”；embarrassed意为“尴尬的”。
考向2：巧妙利用原词复现
在做完形填空题时，考生必须借助对上下文的理解才能得出答案，有时首段的信息会决定末段设空题目的答案。有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中，而词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯,从而构成一个完整、有机的意义整体。复现信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、同源词复现等。因此，考生必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性，结合全文语境并运用逻辑思维答题。
[全国I 2020] I hate lying to the kids. One day they'll 47(wake up)and discover that everything they've always
known about windows is a 48 .
48. A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D. fact
【解析】根据上文的 I hate lying to the kids.和 One day they'll wake up and discover可知，总有一天他们会发现自己所了解的关于窗户的事情是一个谎言。lie意为“谎言”，符合语境，且和 lying构成复现关系。 dream意为“梦想”;；fantasy意为“幻想，想象”；fact意为“事实”。
考向3：逻辑衔接问题
表示上下文逻辑关系的语篇标志词涉及文章的起承转合、上下连贯，如表示并列关系的词或短语有and, as well as等；表示转折关系的词或短语有but, however, though, whereas, nevertheless, yet, on the contrary, otherwise, on the other hand等；表示顺序的词或短语有 to begin with, first, firstly, second, secondly, then, next, finally等；表示解释的词或短语有 that is to say, in other words等；表示因果的词短语有so, therefore, thus, because, as a result, consequently, hence, for this reason, since等；表示让步的词或短语有 although, though, despite, in spite of, after all, even though, even if等；表示条件关系的词或短语有if, unless, provided that, in case((of)等；表示附加说明、例证的词或短语有 likewise, similarly, for example, for instance, incidentally, indeed, in fact, in particular, that is等；表示概括总结的词或短语有 in brief, in short, in conclusion, in a word, on the whole, generally speaking, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude等。对于有些设空，抓住这些关键词，理清前后关系就能找出正确选项。
I couldn't quite believe my 53 (luck) it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 54 .
54. A.common B. confusing C. desirable D. awful
【解析】根据上文的 it turned out no one got badly hurt, 和表转折的连词but并结合常识可知, 此处应指, 没有人受重伤, 但后果本来有可能很可怕。 awful意为“可怕的”, 符合语境。common意为“常见的”；confusing意为“令人困惑的”，desirable意为“理想的;值得做的”，故答案选D。
考向4：考查生活常识
考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地按照作者的思路轻松解题。
[天津2018] No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own 16 .
16. A.luck B.tests C. efforts D.nature
【解析】句意为：没有人天生是赢家。人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家。根据常识可知本空应选C项。
考向5：惯用搭配题
在解题时，可以通过分析习惯用语、固定搭配等知识和句子结构，进行有效的推理判断，从而选出最佳选项。有时，设空处考查对某些句型的具体运用能力，空白处的选项主要是某些句型中常用的关联词，因此，考生应注重平时积累，总结规律，从而快速准确选出正确选项。
[浙江2020年1月] When I 50 my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn.
50. A. regretted B. reviewed C. made D. explained
【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示作重大的人生决定时，make a decision是固定搭配，意为“作出决定”。故答案选C。
满分技巧：
1. 运用逻辑关系解题
2. 运用上下文解题
3. 运用主旨句解题
4. 运用常识解题
5. 运用文化常识或固定搭配解题
6. 运用排除法解题
解题思路
第一步：通读全文，定中心，抓住明线
完形填空的命题原则一般是文章第一句不设空，以使得考生快速进入语境，把握整篇文章。试题所选短文是一个整体，词、句、段三者之间存在一定的逻辑关系，因此解题时，考生首先要跳过空格浏览全文，从整体上理解文章大意，把握文章脉络。此时考生不必急于为每一个空白选出答案，可以利用上下文信息进行预测，部分地选出答案。对于没有把握的部分先不予处理，集中注意力于上下文，细心推敲，直至最
后选出答案。
另外，为了对文章进行准确理解和把握，考生要充分利用文章首句、首段来把握文章主旨大意。有时也应注意将文章的首尾联系起来，以便对文章的主旨把握得更准确。有些文章是按照事情发生、发展的顺序来展开，最后才点明故事的结局，揭示事件的哲理；只有读懂了故事的结局，吃透文章的寓意，考生才能对文章进行准确定位。
第二步：仔细读文章，瞻前顾后，先易后难，抓住暗线
有的考生在做完形填空题时，一看到比较熟悉的语法结构，如句子、短语等，便不假思索地去选答案，对特定的语境不作深入的理解，导致“定式思维”的错误。注意上下文逻辑推理和中英文差异。
第三步：重检查，理清明暗线
高考完形填空所选文章都堪称精品，其逻辑必是上下贯通，其结构也必是自然有序、脉络清晰。因此，做完一篇完形填空以后，考生心里对文章的线索、脉络以及主旨、寓意等也应该有一种很“明朗”的感觉；如果做完以后，还是似懂非懂，犹如“雾里看花”，那就证明对文章的把握还不到位，还需要复读全文，验证答案。考生可以从文章的内在逻辑入手，看所选答案是否经得起推敲，是否能自然融入整个语篇。如果有游离于文章主旨之外或与整篇文章的逻辑相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。
记叙文：感恩尊重别人，励志故事，帮助别人预约新冠疫苗传递正能量，对待困难，要有耐心。
Passage 1 完形填空
（2021·新高考I卷·完形填空）
话题：这是篇记叙文。父亲通过我假期工让我学会感恩和尊重别人
难度：★★
建议用时：8分钟
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】
41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B
46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A
51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在一次春假时，我去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让小孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered定制； C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我的工作是制作小兔子蛋糕，由此推知，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭； C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据“throughout Cleveland”结合生活常识，可知这里指的是这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选A。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的； B. financial财政的；C. technical技术的； D. temporary暂时的。根据“during our spring break”可知这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口； D. hobbies爱好。根据“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知我没有其他计划。故选A。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣的是最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得； C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。故选B。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据“I'd see how a factory”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的同意 。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历； D. invitation邀请。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我们已经在工厂工作了，所以必然是得到了他们的同意。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. joys欢乐； B. ideas观点；C. roles任务； D. choices选择。根据“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知这是我们的任务。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止； D. Remove移动。根据“bunny from the belt.”可知这里意思是把兔子从传送带上拿下来。故选D。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的； C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来； B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据“and the cakes pile up”可知这里意思是慢一点，就会造成蛋糕堆积起来的后果。故选B。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一个晚上的晚餐上告诉父母的那样，一切都比我预料的要紧张。A. indicated表明； B. witnessed目击； C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知工作的实际情况比我预料的要紧张。故选C。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭了； B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫； D. refused拒绝。根据“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”结合生活常识，可知父亲看到我在第一次挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，联想到自己童年时类似的经历，父亲会心的笑了。故选B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering送货。根据“The son of a grocer”可知作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠； C. receive收到；D. appreciate欣赏。根据“the dollars you earned”结合生活常识，可知孩子们会感激并且非常珍惜自己劳动得到的报酬。故选D。
Passage 2 完形填空
话题：这是一篇记叙文，身体残疾梦想体育事业成功的励志故事
难度：★★
建议用时：8分钟
Until April 2, 2011, everything in my life was perfect. I was sitting tight like every other 1 in the country to watch India 2 the world cup. But this day turned my 3 upside down.
I took the train to reach home early that day to watch the match. I caught the 4 train but got pushed out. Next moment I found myself on the track with my right leg injured and 5 badly. I did not feel pain at that moment, as I think it took time to 6 the “reality”. I was sent to hospital 7 . As soon as I regained 8 , my first question was whether India won. Hearing the doctor reply yes, my happiness knew no 9 . But he also told me I should 10 with my leg.
I always dreamt of becoming a professional sportsman one day. But after this, I was in despair as I 11 it would never be possible with only one leg. Then, I happened to learn about the Paralympics (残奧会). My dream was 12 . But it was not easy. When I went for long jump, although I was good at it, I was told I would need a blade prosthetic (义肢) which I could not 13 .
I spent a year looking for 14 and approached various companies. To my luck in 2013, I got financial support from the Dakshin Rehabilitation Centre. Thereafter, I began taking my 15 in sports seriously and dreamt of representing India in Paralympics one day.
1．A．parent B．athlete C．student D．fan
2．A．lift B．imagine C．relay D．quit
3．A．life B．body C．country D．study
4．A．steaming B．packed C．cheap D．late
5．A．burning B．bleeding C．suffering D．reacting
6．A．forget B．miss C．accept D．welcome
7．A．gradually B．rudely C．immediately D．accidentally
8．A．power B．confidence C．order D．consciousness
9．A．time B．bounds C．colors D．surprise
10．A．part B．dance C．struggle D．meet
11．A．agreed B．joked C．guaranteed D．thought
12．A．praised B．arranged C．restored D．nailed
13．A．believe B．object C．afford D．permit
14．A．funds B．volunteers C．coaches D．receivers
15．A．injury B．pleasure C．talent D．career
【答案】
1．D2．A3．A4．B5．B6．C7．C8．D9．B10．A11．D12．C13．C14．A15．D
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在2011年4月2日这一天不慎摔下火车，右腿被截肢，一直梦想有一天能成为一名职业运动员的作者陷入了绝望。在了解到残奥会后，作者再次恢复了梦想，开始寻找资助买义肢，并最终得到了资助，开始认真对待自己的体育事业，梦想有一天能代表印度参加残奥会。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和这个国家的其他球迷一样坐在那里观看印度举起世界杯。A. parent父母；B. athlete运动员；C. student学生；D. fan爱好者。根据后文提到作者在观看世界杯，所以推测这里指和其它球迷一起坐着观看电视。故选D。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和这个国家的其他球迷一样坐在那里观看印度举起世界杯。A. lift举起，振奋；B. imagine相信；C. relay转送；D. quit停止。根据后文“the world cup”可知指印度举起世界杯，lift符合语境。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这一天让我的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。A. life生活；B. body身体；C. country国家；D. study学习。根据后文讲述了作者因为从火车上摔下去，导致腿被截肢，可推测作者的生活在这一天发生了翻天覆地的变化。故选A。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我赶上了拥挤的火车，却被推了出去。A. steaming非常热的；B. packed挤满的，塞满的；C. cheap便宜的；D. late迟的。根据后文“train but got pushed out”结合常识，可推测火车非常拥挤，故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：紧接着，我发现自己在轨道上，右腿受了伤，严重失血。A. burning燃烧； B.
bleeding流血；C. suffering遭受；D. reacting反应。根据上文“my right leg injured and”可知作者伤了右腿，在流血。故选B。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一刻我并没有感到痛苦，因为我觉得接受“现实”需要时间。A. forget忘记；B. miss错过；C. accept接受；D. welcome欢迎。结合后文宾语“the “reality””可知此处指花时间接受“现实”。故选C。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我被立即送往医院。A. gradually逐渐地；B. rudely粗鲁地；C. immediately立即；D. accidentally意外地。作者受了重伤，所以是立即被送往医院。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一恢复意识，我的第一个问题是印度是否赢了。A. power力量；B. confidence自信；C. order订单；D. consciousness意识。根据后文“my first question was whether India won”可知指作者恢复意识了就问印度是不是赢了比赛，consciousness符合语境，故选D。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到医生的回答是肯定的，我高兴极了。A. time时间；B. bounds界限；C. colors颜色；D. surprise惊喜。根据上文“Hearing the doctor reply yes, my happiness knew no”可知指作者得知印度获胜的消息，非常高兴，短语no bounds“无止境”。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他也告诉我，我应该放弃我的腿。A. part分开；B. dance舞蹈；C. struggle挣扎；D. meet遇到。结合后文“it would never be possible with only one leg.”可知医生告诉作者要截肢，part with“放弃”符合语境。故选A。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在这之后，我陷入了绝望，因为我认为只有一条腿是不可能实现的。A. agreed同意；B. joked开玩笑；C. guaranteed保证；D. thought认为。根据后文“it would never be possible with only one leg”可知，只有一条腿是不可能实现梦想的，是作者当时的想法。故选D。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的梦想恢复了。A. praised赞美；B. arranged安排；C. restored恢复；D. nailed钉住。根据上文“Then, I happened to learn about the Paralympics.”可知，作者碰巧了解到残奥会，自己想要成为职业运动员的梦想又恢复了。故选C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我参加跳远比赛时，尽管我很擅长，但我被告知需要一个刀片义肢，而我负担不起。A. believe相信；B. object反对；C. afford买得起；D. permit允许。呼应后文“To my luck in 2013, I got financial support from the Dakshin Rehabilitation Centre.”作者得到经济援助，可推测作者当时买不起义肢。故选C。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我花了一年时间寻找资金，接触了很多公司。A. funds资金；B. volunteers志愿者；C. coaches教练；D. receivers接受器。呼应后文“To my luck in 2013, I got financial support from the Dakshin Rehabilitation Centre.”作者花一年时间去寻找资金，买义肢。故选A。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我开始认真对待我的体育事业，梦想有一天能代表印度参加残奥会。A. injury伤害；B. pleasure快乐；C. talent才能；D. career事业。根据后文“in sports seriously and dreamt of representing India in Paralympics one day”可知作者得到了资助，所以开始认真对待自己的体育事业。故选D。
Passage 3 完形填空
话题：这是一篇记叙文，对待困难，要有耐心。
难度：★★
建议用时：8分钟
It had been a long business trip. We had already had multiple flight delays, so I was pleased when we 1 boarded the plane on schedule. The flight attendants shut the door, 2 the passengers, and soon after, I heard the sound of the engines firing, which seemed quite 3 to me.
It is common in Atlanta that we had to wait a bit on the 4 for our turn. And then finally we started moving slowly. 5 , when we did so for about 10 minutes, suddenly the plane stopped. An announcement came that we'd have a delay, and we'd be in a holding pattern(等待航线) for a little while.
That "little while" 6 90 minutes at last. It was almost 40 degrees and we were 7 in the small plane with almost no air conditioning. It seemed like a(n) 8 ! So when the plane took off in the end, all the passengers couldn't help cheering.
Waiting is not something that comes easily to me. I'm more like the sports car with the engine 9 waiting at the crossing. The moment the traffic light turns greens, I will rush out urgently.
But now, as I've reached my advanced age, I've 10 something: When I have to stay in a "holding pattern", it will be wise to accept that with 11 and a good attitude.
Sometimes those "holding patterns" are for my 12 . They teach me something connect with someone, or make me wait until things are 13 . Sometimes those "holding patterns" seem very long and 14 just like the one on the hot airplane but I should trust everything will be OK. I should know what I can do is just have 15 with the difficult time.
1．A．actually B．eventually C．instantly D．deliberately
2．A．settled B．comforted C．lined D．investigated
3．A．disgusting B．sharp C．certain D．beautiful
4．A．runway B．platform C．pavement D．road
5．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Instead D．However
6．A．turned into B．made up C．ran out of D．led to
7．A．limited B．trapped C．expected D．forbidden
8．A．dream B．failure C．disaster D．adventure
9．A．breaking down B．running C．losing control D．dying
10．A．confirmed B．deserved C．experienced D．realized
11．A．gratitude B．pain C．kindness D．awe
12．A．taste B．right C．benefit D．excitement
13．A．in a mess B．in store C．in place D．in common
14．A．unbearable B．frightening C．discouraging D．strange
15．A．courage B．confidence C．patience D．curiosity
【答案】
1．B2．A3．D4．A5．D6．A7．B8．C9．B10．D11．A12．C13．C14．A15．C
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。在商务旅行中，作者的航班被延误过几次。在亚特兰大，当作者的飞机在即将起飞时，通知说他的航班需要延误一会儿，结果等待了将近90分钟。但是，现在年事已高，他终于明白“等待模式”的好处了，对待困难，要有耐心。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们已经有过多次航班延误，所以当我们最终按时登上飞机时，我很高兴。A. actually事实上；B. eventually最终；C instantly立即；D. deliberately故意地。根据上文“We had already had multiple flight delays,”可知，当最终登上飞机时，作者感到很高兴。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：空乘人员关上门，让乘客们安顿下来，不久，我听到了引擎点火的声音，这在我看来很美。A. settled安排好；B. comforted安慰；C. lined沿……形成行(或列、排)；D. investigated调查。根据“The flight attendants shut the door,”和常识可知，当乘客登上飞机后，空乘人员会做好对乘客的安顿工作。故选A。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：空乘人员关上门，让乘客们安顿下来，不久，我听到了引擎点火的声音，这在我看来很美。A. disgusting令人不快的；B. sharp锋利的；C. certain确信的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据“It had been a long business trip. We had already had multiple flight delays, so I was pleased when we ____1____ boarded the plane on schedule.”可知，作者是在商务旅行，途中航班已经几次延误，当他们最终登上飞机时，他们很高兴，发动机发动声音对他们来说是美丽的。故选D。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这在亚特兰大很常见，我们不得不在跑道上等一段时间才轮到我们，然后我们开始慢慢移动。A. runway跑道；B. platform平台；C. pavement人行道；D. road马路。此处是指飞机在跑道上等待起飞。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们这样做了大约10分钟，突然飞机停了下来。A. Therefore因此B. Otherwise否则；C. Instead反而，相反；D. However可是，然而。根据上文“And then finally we started moving slowly.”以及句中的“suddenly the plane stopped.”可知，他们这样移动了将近10分钟，突然，飞机停了下来，此句与上文之间是转折关系。故选D。
6．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那“一小段时间”最后变成了90分钟。A. turned into变成；B. made up弥补；C. ran out off用完；D. led to导致。根据句中的“little while”和“90 minutes”可推知，等一会儿变成了等90分钟。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时气温接近40度，我们被困在几乎没有空调的小飞机里。A. limited限制；B. trapped困住；C. expected期待；D. forbidden禁止。根据常识可知，飞机在跑道上，乘客是不能下飞机的，乘客只能被困在飞机上。故选B。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是一场灾难!A. dream做梦；B. failure失败；C. disaster灾难；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“That "little while"____6____90 minutes at last. It was almost 40 degrees and we were____7____in the small plane with almost no air conditioning.”可知，这对作者来说就像灾难一样。故选C。
9．考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：我更像是一辆在十字路口开着引擎的跑车。 A breaking down发生故障；B. running运转；C. losing control失去控制；D. dying死亡。根据下文“The moment the traffic light turns green, I will rush out urgently. ”以及句中的engine可知，作者就像在十字路口等待发动机运转的跑车。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在，当我年事已高时，我意识到了一件事：当我要呆在一种“等待模式”时，怀着感激之情和良好的态度去接受它是明智的。A confirmed确认；B. deserved值得；C. experienced经历；D. realized意识到。根据上文“But now, as I've reached my advanced age,”可推知，作者现在对某些事情已经意识到了其中的意思。故选D。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在，当我年事已高时，我意识到了一件事：当我要待在一种“等待模式”时，怀着感激之情和良好的态度去接受它是明智的。A. gratitude感激；B. pain痛苦；C. kindness善良；D. awe敬畏。根据语境可知，既然在“等待模式”中，应该怀着感激之情和良好的态度去接受它。故选A。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，那些“等待模式”是为了我的利益。A. taste味道；B. right权力；C. benefit利益；D. excitement激动。根据下文“They teach me something connect with someone,”可知，那些“等待模式”是为了作者的利益。故选C。
13．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他们教我一些东西，和某人联系，或者让我等到事情都就绪。A .in a mess混乱；B. in store准备着；C.in place在正确的位置；D. in common共同之处。根据下文“just like the one on the hot airplane but I should trust everything will be OK.”可知，“等待模式”让作者一直等到事情都就绪了。故选C。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时那些“等待航线”看起来很长，难以忍受，就像在炎热的飞机上，但我应该相信一切都会好起来。A. unbearable无法忍受的；B. frightening令人惊骇的；C. discouraging令人沮丧的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文作者炎热天气里在飞机上等90分钟的经历和下文“just like the one on the hot airplane ”可知，“等待模式”是难以忍受的。故选A。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我应该知道我能做的就是对困难要有耐心。A. courage勇气；B. confidence自信；C. patience耐心；D. curiosity好奇。根据上文“Sometimes those "holding patterns" seem very long and ____14____ just like the one on the hot airplane but I should trust everything will be OK.”可知，作者明白他所能做的就是面对困难要有耐心。故选C。
Passage 4 完形填空
话题：这是一篇记叙文，Mead用自己的计算机技术帮助400多人成功地预约到了新冠疫苗
难度：★★
建议用时：8分钟
Marty Verel, a 59-year-old kidney transplant recipient in Ohio, should have been near the top of the list to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (疫苗). 1 , like millions of others, he wasn’t having any luck 2 an appointment. Marty and his wife, Nancy Verel, would sit with tablets on their laps trying for hours on different sites 3 , all of which were slow and complicated. “I felt 4 ,” Nancy says.
Then Nancy heard about Rebecca Mead, who was spending 5 ten hours a day online securing appointments for those with no 6 to the vaccine. So Nancy messaged Mead on Facebook and twenty-five minutes later, Mead 7 by asking for Marty’s basic information. Nine minutes after that, Mead made the appointment for Marty.
Mead’s vaccine 8 started on February 1, when she learned that her parents were unable to get appointments themselves. 9 around on vaccine registration sites, Mead, who has been helping her husband develop websites, discovered how 10 it was to book an appointment. She 11 strategies that web insiders are familiar with and added some of her special skills. “I’m 12 . I drink a lot of coffee, and I’m a fast 13 ,” she says. Eventually, Mead secured appointments for both of her parents.
Mead decided that helping others would be her way of 14 the society. By March 2, she’d secured appointments for 400 people, a(n) 15 that made Nancy conclude, “Mead is some sort of COVID angel.”
1．A．Instead B．Therefore C．However D．Moreover
2．A．scheduling B．delaying C．following D．canceling
3．A．relaxedly B．patiently C．confidently D．desperately
4．A．tireless B．hopeless C．fearless D．aimless
5．A．less than B．up to C．within D．exactly
6．A．addiction B．relation C．access D．key
7．A．appeared B．cooperated C．volunteered D．responded
8．A．hunting B．adventure C．research D．sacrifice
9．A．Travelling B．Clicking C．Walking D．Messing
10．A．easy B．fast C．difficult D．impossible
11．A．explained B．abandoned C．evaluated D．applied
12．A．persistent B．intelligent C．considerate D．selfless
13．A．writer B．typist C．speaker D．recorder
14．A．relieving B．repairing C．rebuilding D．repaying
15．A．goal B．score C．achievement D．influence
【答案】
1．C2．A3．D4．B5．B6．C7．D8．A9．B10．C11．D12．A13．B14．D15．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Nancy在Mead的帮助下成功地帮助丈夫预约到了新冠疫苗。Mead用自己的计算机技术帮助400多人成功地预约到了新冠疫苗，Nancy甚至称赞Mead是天使。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，像其他数百万人一样，他没有任何运气安排一个预约。A. Instead相反；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而； D. Moreover此外。根据前一句“Marty Verel, a 59-year-old kidney transplant recipient in Ohio, should have been near the top of the list to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (疫苗).”可知，因为Marty Verel做了肾移植手术，应该优先注射新冠疫苗，后文提到他没有得到疫苗的预约；前后表示转折关系，需要副词however。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. scheduling安排；B. delaying推迟；C. following跟随；D. canceling取消。根据后文“all of which were slow and complicated.”可知，预约打新冠疫苗很慢而又复杂，由此可知，此处表示Marty Verel没有被被安排新冠疫苗预约。故选A。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意： Marty和他的妻子Nancy Verel会把平板电脑放在腿上，拼命地在不同的网站上试上几个小时，所有这些网站都很慢，也很复杂。A. relaxedly轻松地；B. patiently耐心地；C. confidently自信地；D. desperately拼命地，不顾一切地。前文提到很难预约到新冠疫苗，所以Marty和他的妻子Nancy Verel会把平板电脑放在腿上，拼命地在不同的网站上试上几个小时。故选D。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我感到绝望，”Nancy说。A. tireless不知疲倦的；B. hopeless没有希望的；C. fearless无畏的；D. aimless漫无目的的。因为很难预约新冠疫苗，所以Nancy感到绝望。故选B。
5．考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：后来南希听说了Rebecca Mead的事，她每天要在网上花多达10个小时
为那些无法获得疫苗的人争取预约。A. less than少于；B. up to多达；C. within在……之内；D. exactly确切地。前文说新冠疫苗很难预约，所以此处需要固定短语up to，表示预约疫苗的不易，需要多达10小时。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。 A. addiction上瘾；B. relation关系；C. access(使用或见到的)机会，权利；D. key钥匙。根据空前“who was spending 5 ten hours a day online securing appointments ”可知，此处指给无法获得新冠疫苗的人争取预约。故选C。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是Nancy在Facebook上给Mead发信息，25分钟后，Mead回复Nancy，询问Marty的基本信息。A. appeared出现；B. cooperated合作；C. volunteered自愿做；D. responded回复。根据前文“So Nancy messaged Mead on Facebook and twenty-five minutes later”可知，因为Nancy在脸谱上给Mead发了信息，所以此处表示Mead回复了信息。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mead的疫苗搜寻工作从2月1日开始，当时她得知她的父母自己无法预约。A. hunting寻找；B. adventure冒险；C. research研究；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据前文“Then Nancy heard about Rebecca Mead, who was spending 5 ten hours a day online securing appointments”可知，Mead在网上帮助人们寻找新冠疫苗信息。故选A。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mead一直在帮助丈夫开发网站，她在疫苗注册网站上四处点击，发现预约是多么困难。A. Travelling旅行；B. Clicking点击；C. Walking行走D. Messing 弄乱。根据空后“on vaccine registration sites,”可知，此处指在疫苗注册网站上四处点击。故选B。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. easy容易的；B. fast快速的；C. difficult困难的；D. impossible不可能的。根据后文“added some of her special skills.”可知，因为用了一些特殊的技能才在网上抢到疫苗，所以预约疫苗很困难。故选C。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她运用了网络业内人士熟悉的策略，并加入了自己的一些特殊技能。A. explained解释；B. abandoned遗弃；C. evaluated评估；D. applied运用。根据前文描述可知，因为网上预约新冠疫苗很难，所以Mead运用了网络业内人士熟悉的策略。故选D。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我坚持不懈。A. persistent坚持不懈的，执着的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. considerate体贴的；D. selfless无私的。根据后文“Eventually, Mead secured appointments for both of her parents.”，Mead坚持不懈地努力了，最终给父母成功地预约到新冠疫苗。故选A。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喝很多咖啡，打字速度很快。A. writer作家；B. typist打字员；C. speaker发言者；D. recorder录音机，记录器。因为要在网上预约新冠疫苗，预约很难，所以此处表示Mead打字很快，成功率更高。故选B。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mead决定帮助别人将是她回报社会的方式。A. relieving减轻；B. repairing修理；C. rebuilding重建；D. repaying报答。根据空前“helping others”可知，Mead决定帮助别人来回报社会。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到3月2日，她已经为400人安排了预约，这一成就让Nancy得出结论：“Mead是某种新型冠状病毒的天使。”A. goal目标；B. score得分；C. achievement成就；D. influence影响。根据前文“she’d secured appointments for 400 people”可知，因为已经帮助400人安排了预约，所以这是一项了不起的成就。故选C。
Passage 5完形填空
话题：这是篇记叙文，作者与病魔的斗争也让作者变得越来越坚强
难度：★★
建议用时：8分钟
I was fifteen and a high school freshman when I started rapidly losing weight. I was about 130 pounds, and I was 1 ten pounds every couple of weeks. I couldn’t understand why I was always hungry, thirsty, and never 2 .Every night I 3 five or six times, feeling like I had to go to the bathroom, but I never really had to. Finally, I decided to go to the hospital to 4 nothing bad was going on.
I remembered being 5 in the hospital, confused, hungry, and with an extremely 6 blood sugar level. The doctors and nurses thought I might pass out, so they injected me and told me the worst news I could have imagined— tests showed that I had Type 1 juvenile diabetes. I was so 7 that the only question I could think to ask was, “Am I going to die?” A nurse told me to go out, enjoy a meal with my family, and 8 , because tomorrow my new, difficult life would begin.
I don’t remember what time I had to be at the hospital, 9 I know it was early. Three nurses, one dietician, and a doctor all trained me, over the course of two days, to 10 me. Every needle hurt, but in some way I began to feel 11 every time I was able to think about the needles without crying.
Now, nearly three years later, I still remember the 12 when the doctors told me I was a Type 1 diabetic. I’m 13 when I look back that I was able to be strong, and that my family and friends supported me. I’m now two months shy of eighteen. To this day, I have had 3,38 needle injections, but each of them helps me to remember I must be strong. 14 , I am grateful for my disease—it has made me the person I am today, and I would never 15 who I am.
1．A．keeping B．carrying C．dropping D．measuring
2．A．satisfied B．frustrated C．determined D．stimulated
3．A．stood up B．woke up C．dressed up D．cheered up
4．A．make out B．make for C．make sure D．make up
5．A．looked after B．operated on C．paid for D．checked over
6．A．swift B．flat C．high D．average
7．A．ashamed B．annoyed C．depressed D．delighted
8．A．recover B．relax C．escape D．exercise
9．A．so B．and C．because D．but
10．A．make fun of B．make use of C．take control of D．take care of
11．A．stronger B．healthier C．stranger D．simpler
12．A．message B．dream C．feeling D．courage
13．A．appreciated B．appropriate C．approximate D．apparent
14．A．Fortunately B．Doubtfully C．Naturally D．Incredibly
15．A．mind B．recognize C．shape D．change
【答案】
1．C2．A3．B4．C5．D6．C7．C8．B9．D10．D11．A12．C13．A14．D15．D
【分析】
本文是记叙文。作者在15岁时不幸罹患糖尿病，但与病魔的斗争也让作者变得越来越坚强。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我当时大约130磅，每隔几周就减10磅。A. keeping保持；B. carrying搬运；C. dropping降低，掉下；D. measuring测量。根据上文中的“I started rapidly losing weight”可知，作者的体重下降得很快，每几周就“降（dropping）”十磅。故选C。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不明白为什么我总是又饿又渴，从来没有吃饱过。A. satisfied满意的；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. determined坚定的；D. stimulated受激的。根据上文中“I was always hungry, thirsty”可知，作者总感觉饥饿，口渴，永不“满足（satisfied）”。故选A。
3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天晚上我都会醒来五六次，感觉我必须上厕所，但我从来没有不是真地需要上厕所。A. stood up站起来；B. woke up醒来；C. dressed up打扮；D. cheered up使高兴。根据文中的“five or six times, feeling like I had to go to the bathroom”可知，作者每晚总会醒来五六次，却并不是真的需要去厕所。故选B。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，我决定去医院看看确保没有什么不好的事情发生。A. make out理解；B. make for导致；C. make sure确定；D. make up编造。根据上文中对各种症状的描述可知，作者最终决定去医院做检查来“确定（make sure）”自己没有问题。故选C。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我记得在医院检查时，我感到迷糊、饥饿，而且血糖水平非常高。A. looked after照顾；B. operated on起作用；C. paid for支付；D. checked over检查。根据下文中的“in the hospital”及“blood sugar level”可知，作者去医院接受了“检查（checked over）”。故选D。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得在医院检查时，我感到迷糊、饥饿，而且血糖水平非常高。A. swift迅速的；B. flat平的；C. high高的；D. average平均的。根据文中的“The doctors and nurses thought I might pass out， so they injected me”及“I had Type 1 juvenile diabetes”可知，作者的血糖水平很高（high），医生和护士告诉了作者他所能想到的最坏的消息——化验显示作者罹患了1型糖尿病。故选C。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常沮丧，我能想到的唯一一个问题是，“我会死吗？”A. ashamed羞愧的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. delighted高兴的。根据该空后的“Am I going to die?”可知，作者非常“沮丧（depressed）”。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个护士让我出去，和家人一起吃顿饭，放松一下，因为明天我就要开始新的艰难的生活了。A. recover恢复；B. relax放松；C. escape逃走；D. exercise锻炼。根据上文中的“A nurse told me to go out, enjoy a meal with my family”及下文中作者接受治疗的描述可知，一位护士让作者去和家人吃顿饭“放松（relax）”一下，因为第二天作者新的、艰苦的生活就会开始。故选B。
9．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我不记得去医院的时间了，但我知道时间还早。A. so所以；B. and并且；C. because因为；D. but但是。作者不知道自己什么时候到的医院与知道很早之间是转折关系，应用连词but。故选D。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：三名护士，一名营养师和一名医生在两天的时间里训练我照顾我。A. make fun of取笑；B. make use of利用；C. take control of控制；D. take care of照顾。根据上文中“Three nurses， one dietician, and a doctor all trained me, over the course of two days”可知，医护人员是在“照顾(take care of)”作者。故选D。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一根针都很疼，但在某种程度上，每当我能想到那些针而不哭的时候，我就开始觉得自己更坚强了。A. stronger更坚强的；B. healthier更健康的；C. stranger更陌生的；D. simpler更简单的。根据上文中的“Every needle hurt”及下文中的“I was able to think about the needles without crying”可知，作者开始觉得自己“越来越坚强（stronger）”。故选A。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，将近3年过去了，我仍然记得当医生告诉我我是1型糖尿病患者时的感觉。A. message消息；B. dream梦想；C. feeling感觉；D. courage勇气。根据上文中作者对自己发病、确诊及治疗的描述可知，作者仍然记得当初医生告诉自己罹患糖尿病时的“感觉（feeling）”。故选C。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回首往事时，我很感激自己能够变得坚强，我的家人和朋友都支持我。A. appreciated感激的；B. appropriate合适的；C. approximate近似的；D. apparent显然的。根据文中的“when I look back that I was able to be strong”可知，作者对于自己能坚强面对病痛和家人朋友能够支持自己，内心是非常“感激的（appreciated）”。故选A。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：难以置信的是，我对自己的疾病心存感激——它让我成为了今天的我，而且我永远不会改变自己。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Doubtfully怀疑地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Incredibly难以置信地。根据本段中的“To this day, I have had 3,38 needle injections, but each of them helps me to remember I must be strong.”及“it has made me the person I am today”可知，作者“惊奇地（Incredibly）”发现自己竟然很感谢这场病，因为自己已由原先患病时的悲伤无助变得坚强，而且作者会继续做坚强的人。故选D。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：难以置信的是，我对自己的疾病心存感激——它让我成为了今天的我，而且我永远不会改变自己。A. mind介意；B. recognize识别；C. shape塑造；D. change改变。根据上文“it has made me the person I am today, and I would never”可知作者认为疾病成就了自己，所以不会改变自己。故选D。
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