专题12 道德与美德 -备战2022高考英语单元话题”语法填空 阅读理解 读后续写“专项突破（人教版2019）

这是一份专题12 道德与美德 -备战2022高考英语单元话题”语法填空 阅读理解 读后续写“专项突破（人教版2019），共17页。
专题12 道德与美德



Part 1 语法填空
（一）
Shijing, also the Book of Songs or Shihching, is 1． (early) collection of Chinese poetry. It consists of 305 poems 2． (date) from the early years of Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle stage of the Spring and Autumn Period. Nowadays, Confucius is generally believed to be the 3． (edit) of the book.
Shijing is rich in content, 4． (reflect) love and labor, war and slavery, customs and marriage, ancestor worship and special events. It is a mirror of social life.
All the poems included in Shijing fall into three sections—poems that come from villages belong to Feng; the poems 5． (write)to persuade or praise the rulers belong to Ya; those used at religious ceremonies belong to Song. Ya and Song are flowery and serious in language, 6．Feng is relatively inspiring and full of passion.
The opening poem of Shijing, Cooing and Wooing( 《关雎》), is about love, which 7． (read):
By riverside are cooing A pair of turtledoves;
A good young man is wooing A fair maiden he loves.
Through these lines, the poet expresses the man's 8． (long) for a girl and his hope that one day he can win over the girl's heart.
As the beginning of ancient Chinese poetry, Shijing enables people to have a better understanding of Chinese civilization. 9．, it is also frequently quoted in other Chinese texts and has always been 10． (refer) to as moral truth and lessons.
（二）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bazette is a good doctor at our local hospital. One day, he got off work as usual. On 11． (he) way back, he came across a horrible scene. Two 12． (truck) stuck together. The smaller truck went under the broken air brakes (刹车) of the bigger one. The man driver of the smaller truck was alive, but his legs were stuck inside his truck.
Over an hour’s time, the local firefighters 13． (brave) tried to cut away the door of his truck, and lifted the back of the bigger truck. By this means, they gained the access 14． the driver. During the entire time, Dr. Bazette was actively on duty, supporting and comforting the scared driver. After the driver 15． (free), his body broke down and fainted (昏倒). Then Dr. Bazette busied himself helping.
In the Life Flight ambulance, Dr. Bazette did first aid on the driver for over 20 minutes, and brought him back to life in preparation for the quick journey back to the local hospital, 16． Dr. Bazette had just finished his work earlier in the evening: In 17． next hour, Dr. Bazette assisted the team of doctors in 18． (calm) down the driver, thus saving his life.
A passer-by shared this in her article and praised Dr. Bazette’s virtue in our district newsletter. His 19． (respond) to the praise he received was like this: “When I am 20． (call) to act, I’m all in.”
（三）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
When it comes to the symbol of Chinese culture，the images（形象）of giant pandas may catch the foreigners' imagination. However，many may ignore the fact that bamboo，the main food of the national treasure，also21．（have）a far-reaching influence on the Chinese people.
To the Chinese people，bamboo is22． symbol of virtue（美德）. It reflects people's souls and emotions.
Throughout history，bamboo has given23． （inspire）to many artists. A large number of artistic works have been made with the theme of bamboo，including poems，paintings and music.
The tall，straight and beautiful bamboo 24． （be）a favorite for Chinese scholars and artists since ancient times，who have spoken highly of 25．（it）character. Bai Juyi，a great poet of the Tang dynasty，compared bamboo26． a "virtuous man" in his article. Zheng Banqiao，a celebrated Qing-dynasty painter，devoted his whole life to27． （paint）bamboo.
Many ancient scholars chose to live in deep mountains28． （surround） by bamboo forests，29．they drank wine，wrote poems or painted pictures while enjoying the beauty of nature. By leading such a simple life，they wanted to stay away from worldly affairs. Su Dongpo，a famous writer of the Song dynasty，wrote in his poem，"I would rather cat no meat than live without bamboo. Without meat，I will be30．（thin）than before. Without bamboo，I will be coarse（粗俗的）forever. "


Part 2 阅读理解
（一）
I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.
By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. One of them caught my eyes. It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies. She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness. Why did she write that? Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice? I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside. Perhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor.
Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time. That was a generation when girls' education was always placed second to boys'. Was she so much cleverer than anyone else? Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as he. gentle nature that got her into medical school. What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day's work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.
By now I could not wait to find out more about her. I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi had devoted hen whole life to her patients and had chosen not to have a family of her own. Instead, she made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered. By this time I was very excited. Why not study at a medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work? It was still not too late for me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entrance examinations, and...
31．When did the author read the article about Lin Qiaozhi?
A．At work. B．At university.
C．While surfing the Internet. D．While writing an essay.
32．For what purpose did Lin Qiaozhi write a small book about how to look after babies?
A．To assist the women in the countryside with an emergency.
B．To warn the women in the countryside of death rate.
C．To help the women in the countryside get pregnant.
D．To help the women in the countryside deliver a baby.
33．What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean?
A．Girls' education can't be emphasized too much compared with boys'.
B．Girls' education wasn't attached importance to compared with boys'.
C．Boys didn't always receive better education than girls.
D．Boys always received no better education than girls.
34．What's the best title for the passage?
A．Lin Qiaozhi's Contribution to Medicine B．My Experience in Further Education
C．Why Not Follow Lin Qiaozhi D．How to Become a Doctor
（二）
Mr Jason has taught math in a remote rural area for ten years. Last year, he was awarded (奖励) $2,000 as “The Amazing Teacher”. People thought he would move with his parents to a nice house in the city. But he surprised then all. When students came back from their holiday, they found the chairs, desks and projectors (投影仪) were all replaced. Even the walls of the classroom were painted white.
As a teacher, Mr Jason not only focuses on students’ studies, but also helps students overcome the difficulties in life. In the rural area, most families are poor and some students often dropped out of school. Mr Jason always tries to help then out.
When interviewed, he said, “When I was in middle school, a Mr Smith helped me until I graduated from university. I attempted many times to find him after graduation, but failed. I thought maybe what he most wished was not my thankfulness but another Mr Smith. So I am here.”
“Mr Jason is the best teacher I have ever had. Without his help, my whole life would end in the village. When I was in Senior Two, my family couldn’t afford my tuition (学费) so I stayed at home. At that time, I felt hopeless. It was Mr Jason who asked my parents to send me back to school. Luckily, I was admitted into my ideal university finally,” said Julia, a fresh college student. “Now, I believe the road ahead is promising.”
Mr Jason’s goodwill touches many people. When the activity “The Amazing Teacher” was launched, someone posted his story on the Internet. And it soon spread over.
Later, Mr Jason wrote: I just have done what a teacher should do. I hope people could pay attention to those children in need and help them realize their dreams.
35．What did Mr Jason do with the money he was awarded?
A．He settled down with his family in a big city.
B．He improved the study environment for students.
C．He helped the poor improve their living conditions.
D．He built many schools in rural areas.
36．Why did Mr Jason choose to teach in the rural village?
A．To finish Mr Smith’s last wish.
B．To escape from the noisy city life.
C．To do research on education there.
D．To continue Mr Smith’s kindness.
37．What can we infer from Julia’s words?
A．She wants to become a teacher like Mr Jason.
B．It’s difficult for her to communicate with her parents.
C．Mr Jason makes her future filled with opportunities.
D．It’s a great challenge for her to study in college.
38．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “goodwill” in Paragraph 5?
A．Wish. B．Admiration.
C．Kindness. D．Confidence.
（三）
Empathy (同理心) is one of those strange qualities — something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.
What Is Empathy? — Many people confuse sympathy and empathy, but they are two distinct values. Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone's feelings; criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and subsequently gaining their trust. Empathy is more than that. Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding.
Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy — While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy.
Meet Emotional Needs — When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An empty jug cannot fill a cup.
It's a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give their emotions names (for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.
39．Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy?
A．Because people tend to center themselves. B．Because everyone lacks empathy.
C．Because empathy is a strange quality. D．Because it's better to give than to receive.
40．Which situation can empathy be used in?
A．When a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland.
B．When a teacher is comforting a student about his failure in exams.
C．When a criminal is cheating a victim.
D．When a dancer is dancing to music.
41．What does the underlined sentence "An empty jug cannot fill a cup" mean?
A．An empty jug is too small to hold a cup.
B．It's a must to talk to kids about emotions.
C．Adults should set an example to kids.
D．Kids give empathy with their emotional needs met first.
42．What is the main topic of the passage?
A．How to train kids to have empathy.
B．How to distinguish sympathy and empathy.
C．How to help kids finish empathy-related tasks.
D．Whether kids can be trained to be more empathetic.


Part 3 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A gift of love
“Can I see my baby?” the happy new mother asked.
When the bundle (襁褓) was nestled in her arms and she moved the fold of cloth to look at his tiny face, she suddenly breathed deeply. The doctor turned quickly and looked out of the tall hospital window. The baby had been born without ears.
Time proved that the baby's hearing was perfect. It was only his appearance that was spoiled. When her son rushed home from school one day and threw himself into his mother's arms, she sighed, knowing that his life was to be a succession of heartbreaks.
He cried out the tragedy, “A boy, a big boy…called me a freak (怪物).”
He grew up, handsome except for his misfortune. A favorite with his fellow students, he might have been class president, but for that. He developed a talent for literature and music.
“But you might look the same as other young people, ” his mother whispered to herself, feeling a kindness in her heart.
The boy's father had a talk with the family physician. “Could nothing be done？”
“I believe I could graft (移植)on a pair of outer ears, if they could be obtained,” the doctor decided. So the search began for a person who would make such a sacrifice for the young man.
Two years passed through. Then, “You're going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it's a secret,” said the father.
The operation was a brilliant success, and a new person emerged. His talents blossomed into genius, and school and college became a series of triumphs.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Later he married and entered the diplomatic service.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The years kept their profound secret, but the day did come.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案
Part 1 语法填空
（一）
1．the earliest
2．dating
3．editor
4．reflecting
5．written
6．while
7．reads
8．longing
9．Moreover/Besides/Furthermore/Additionally
10．referred
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章给我们科普了《诗经》的一些知识。
1．
考查最高级。句意：《诗经》，亦称《雅歌》或《诗》，是中国最早的诗集。根据常识和句意可知，《诗经》是中国最早的诗歌集，所以空处需用形容词最高级the earliest。故填the earliest。
2．
考查非谓语动词。句意：《诗经》由西周初年至春秋中期共305首诗组成。本句已有谓语动词consist，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词poems，空处动词date与名词poems之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词dating作后置定语。故填dating。
3．
考查名词。句意：现在，人们普遍认为孔子是这本书的编辑。根据句意可知，此处需用名词editor，表示编辑，指孔子，名词需用单数。故填editor。
4．
考查非谓语动词。句意：《诗经》内容丰富，反映了爱情与劳动、战争与奴役、风俗与婚姻、祖先崇拜和特殊事件。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作定语，空处动词reflect与主句之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词reflecting。故填。reflecting。
5．
考查过去分词。句意：为劝说或赞美统治者而写的诗歌属于《雅》。根据句子结构可知，空处需用分词作后置定语修饰名词poems，空处动词与名词poems之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词written作后置定语。故填written。
6．
考查连词。句意：《雅》和《颂》的语言绚丽严肃，而《风》则比较鼓舞人心，充满激情。根据前后句意可知，因为前后有对比之意，所以空处需用连词while“然而”。故填while。
7．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：《诗经》的首诗《关雎》是关于爱情的，诗中写道……。本句陈述一个事实，谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是The opening poem of Shijing，单数，谓语动词需用单数reads。故填reads。
8．
考查时态。句意：通过这些诗句，诗人表达了他对一个女孩的渴望，希望有一天他能赢得女孩的心。分析句子结构可知，空处需用动名词的复合结构“sb’s doing”作动词express的宾语，所以空处需用动名词longing。故填longing。
9．
考查副词。句意：此外，它也经常被引用在其他中文文本中，并一直被称为道德真理和教训。根据句意可知，此处表示递进关系，所以空处需用副词moreover/besides/furthermore/additionally“此外”，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填Moreover/Besides/Furthermore/Additionally。
10．
考查被动语态。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空处谓语动词使用了现在完成时态的被动语态：has been done，所以空处需用过去分词referred。故填referred。
（二）
11．his
12．trucks
13．bravely
14．to
15．was freed
16．where
17．the
18．calming
19．response/ responding
20．called
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bazette医生在回家的路上遇到一起卡车相撞的事故，于是积极加入其中救援受伤的司机的故事。
11．
考查代词。句意：在回来的路上，他看到了可怕的一幕。根据空格后的名词way可知，此处应用he的形容词性物主代词his限定名词，on one’s way是固定短语。故填his。
12．
考查名词复数。句意：两辆卡车撞在了一起。根据空格前的数词Two可知，此处应用可数名词truck的复数形式作主语。故填trucks。
13．
考查副词。句意：一个多小时后，当地消防员勇敢地试图切开他的卡车的门，并抬起大卡车的后部。修饰动词tried应用brave的副词形式。故填bravely。
14．
考查介词。句意：通过这种方法，他们得以接近司机。the access to sb/sth“接近某人或某事物的途径”，是固定搭配，介词to符合句意。故填to。
15．
考查被动语态。句意：司机被释放后，他的身体崩溃了，昏倒了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词free“解放；释放”和主语the driver之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语the driver为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was freed。
16．
考查定语从句引导词。句意：在生命飞行救护车上，Bazette医生对司机进行了20多分钟的急救，并将他救活，为快速返回当地医院做准备，在那医院里Bazette医生在晚上早些时候刚刚完成他的工作……分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为地点名词短语the local hospital，关系副词where引导从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
17．
考查冠词。句意：在接下来的一个小时里，Bazette医生协助医生团队让司机冷静下来，从而挽救了他的生命。根据句意，此处next hour为特指概念，应用定冠词the限定，in the next hour意为“在接下来的一个小时里”。故填the。
18．
考查非谓语动名词。句意：在接下来的一个小时里，Bazette医生协助医生团队让司机冷静下来，从而挽救了他的生命。根据空格前的介词in可知，此处应用calm的动名词形式作介词宾语，assist sb in doing sth“帮助某人做某事”是固定搭配。故填calming。
19．
考查名词、动名词。句意：他对自己得到的赞扬的回应是这样的：“当我被召唤去行动时，我会全力以赴。”根据空格前的形容词性物主代词his以及后文中was可知，此处应用respond的单数名词形式response或者动名词形式responding作主语。故填response/responding。
20．
考查被动语态结构。句意：他对自己得到的赞扬的回应是这样的:“当我被召唤去行动时，我会全力以赴。”动词call“召唤”和主语之间是被动关系，根据空格前的助动词am可知，此处应用call的过去分词和am一起构成被动语态。故填called。
（三）
21．has
22．the
23．inspiration
24．has been
25．its
26．to
27．painting
28．surrounded
29．where
30．thinner
【分析】
文章主要说明了竹子对中国人的深远影响。对中国人来说，竹子是美德的象征。它反映了人们的灵魂和情感。
21．考查动词时态。本句主语为bamboo，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，故谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填has。
22．考查固定短语。the symbol of…为固定短语，表示“……的象征”，故填the。
23．考查名词。结合句意“竹子给了许多艺术家灵感”，此处做宾语需要inspire的名词形式，故填inspiration。
24．考查动词时态。根据下文since ancient times可知应用现在完成时，且主语为bamboo，谓语动词第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
25．考查代词。character为名词需要形容词修饰，故填形容词性物主代词。故填its。
26．考查固定短语。compare to为固定短语，表示“将……比作”，故填to。
27．考查非谓语动词。短语devote to doing sth.“致力于做某事”，其中to为介词，故填painting。
28．考查非谓语动词。本句中surround做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语Many ancient scholars构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填surrounded。
29．考查定语从句关系词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词forest，且先行词在从句中做地点状语故用关系副词where。故填where。
30．考查形容词比较级。根据下文than before可知应填形容词比较级，故填thinner。
Part 1 阅读理解
（一）
31．C
32．A
33．B
34．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍妇科专家林巧稚。她一生忙于她选择的事业，除了写书和文章外，还旅行到国外学习。她写了一本小书关于如何照顾婴儿的小书来帮助农村妇女应对紧急情况，因为当时的时代下女性的教育不比男孩子收到重视。林巧稚把她的一生都奉献给了她的病人，她一生中确保了大约5万名婴儿安全分娩。
31．细节理解题。第一段最后一句I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China. 直到一天晚上，我坐在电脑前研究中国伟大的女性时，我才知道答案。可知作者是在上网时读到了关于林巧稚的文章的。故选C。
32．细节理解题。第二段倒数一、二句I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside. Perhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor.可知林巧稚写这本关于如何照顾婴儿的小书是出于帮助农村妇女应对紧急情况的目的。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据上文Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.可知当时女性接受医学培训是很困难的。即划线部分句子意思为：当时的时代中与男孩相比，女孩的教育不被重视。故选B。
34．主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句Why not study at a medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work? It was still not too late for me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entrance examinations, and...可知作者收到林巧稚医生的启发，想要学习林巧稚医生一样去医学院学习，继续她的学业。故选C。
（二）
35．B
36．D
37．C
38．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Mr.Jason在他的老师Mr. Smith的影响下选择当老师，并且把当初Mr.Smith老师给他的帮助继续传承下去，改变那些学生的人生。
【详解】
1. 细节理解题。由文章第一段“When students came back from their holiday, they found the chairs, desks and projectors (投影仪) were all replaced. Even the walls of the classroom were painted white. ”（当学生们假期结束返回教室时，他们发现椅子、桌子、投影仪都被换掉了。甚至教室的墙壁都重新刷白了。），可知Mr.Jason修缮了教室，更换了设备。故选B项。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“a Mr Smith helped me until I graduated from university.”（一位史密斯先生帮助我一直到我完成大学学业）以及“I thought maybe what he most wished was not my thankfulness but another Mr Smith.So I am here.”（我想也许他所希望的不是我的感谢而是另一个史密斯先生。所以我就来这了。），可知在求学期间Mr.Jason 受到了他的老师Mr. Smith的帮助，他想把这份善意传递下去，所以他就来当老师了。故选D项。
3. 推理判断题。由文章第四段“Without his help, my whole life would end in the village. ”（没有他的帮助，我的人生也许就在小乡村里。）以及“Now, I believe the road ahead is promising.”（现在，我相信我的人生前路充满希望和机遇。）可以知道Mr.Jason的帮助让Julia的人生充满了机遇和希望。故选C项。
4. 词句猜测题。根据第一段Mr.Jason把奖金用来修缮教室，更换设备；第四段，帮助Julia重返教室继续学习，可知Mr.Jason 是一个善良的，有爱心的人。此处kindness 和goodwill的意思最为相近。故选C项。
【点睛】
记叙文要抓住文章的写作要素，特别是原因、结果，往往题目的设计都围绕这两点展开。比如，本篇第二题就问到为什么Mr.Jason 选择做老师；第四题Julia所说的意思就是Mr.Jason 所做的事情的结果和对她的影响。注意这两点，在阅读原文时，看到事件的原因和结果，考生就要认真阅读，并且要做好标记。
（三）
39．A
40．B
41．D
42．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了同理心——这个当今世界稀缺的品质，对我们情感生活的重大意义，进而给出培养下一代的同理心的建议。
39．
细节理解题。根据文章首段“Empathy (同理心) is one of those strange qualities — something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. (同理心是最奇怪的品质之一——每个人都想拥有，但是很少有人知道如何真正给予或者接受它。在如今这个强调自我满足的世界，它是稀缺的，但同时人们对它的需求却是很大)”可知，我们要教会下一代拥有同理心的原因，是因为如今世界的人们往往过于强调自我。故选A项。
40．
推理判断题。根据第二段“Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding. (它不仅仅是能够察觉其他人感受的能力，更需要我们重视、尊重另一个人的感受。这意味着以善意、理解对待他人，且让他有尊严)”可知，同理心意味着察觉且尊重他人的感受，并善意地让他们感到有尊严和被爱。由此推知，老师对考试失利的学生进行宽慰，是能够理解他们失落的情绪，别善意地理解他们的感受。故选B项。
41．
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. (孩子们的情感需求得到满足时，会发生两件事。他们会学习如何满足他人的情感需求，这基于他们接受的关怀。也意味着他们有足够的安全感，能够满足他人情感需求。当然首先他们的需求要得到满足)”可知，孩子们只有自身的情感需求得到满足，才能有余力、更好地给予他人关怀，满足其他人的情感需求。由此推知，划线部分句子的意思与“自身情感需求首先得到满足”意思接近。故选D项。
42．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them. (这就是我们为什么要教会下一代拥有对周围人们的同理心是什么意思的原因)”和第三段“Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy (成人们需要为孩子们言传身教，以行为告诉他们何为同理心)”和最后一段“Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required. (教给孩子们尊重他人的感受，照顾他们的情绪，并且告诉他们如何在需要做出回应的场合正确行为)”可知，全文先肯定了同理心对我们情感生活的意义，并阐述如何培养孩子的同理心。故选A项。
Part 3 读后续写
Later he married and entered the diplomatic service. One day, he asked his father, “Who gave me the ears? Who gave me so much? Though I could never do enough for him or her, I still wish to show my sincere gratitude in person.” “I do not believe you could,” said the father, “but the agreement was that you are not to know… not yet.”
The years kept their profound secret, but the day did come. He stood with his father over his mother’s casket, where she lay peacefully. Slowly, tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish brown hair to reveal the mother had no outer ears. “Mother said she was glad she never let her hair be cut,” his father whispered gently, “and nobody ever thought Mother less beautiful, did they?” Tears filled his eyes and he bent down, kissing his mom at the forehead deeply.
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位母亲悄悄地把自己的耳朵移植给自己的儿子，直到她去世那天，儿子才知道妈妈是器官捐赠者的感人故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“后来他结了婚，进入外交机构工作。”可知，第一段可描写在移植了耳朵，开始正常生活后，他开始寻找给他捐赠器官的人。
②由第二段首句内容“秘密保守了多年，但这一天终于还是来了”可知，第二段是揭示真相的时刻了，儿子终于知道了是谁捐赠的耳朵。
2.续写线索：开始正常生活——寻找恩人而不得——母亲去世——父亲告知真相
3.词汇激活
行为类
①我认为你不能：I do not believe you could.../I do not think you could...
②这一天终于来了：the day did come/the day did arrive
③揭示，展示：reveal/show/expose
情绪类
①温和地，温柔地：tenderly/softly
②他轻声说：whispered gently/murmured gently
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Though I could never do enough for him or her, I still wish to show my sincere gratitude in person.(运用了though引导的让步状语从句)
[高分句型2] Slowly, tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish brown hair to reveal the mother had no outer ears.(运用了动词不定式作目的状语和省略连词的宾语从句)
[高分句型3] and nobody ever thought Mother less beautiful, did they?(运用了反意疑问句句型)