多维练05必修2Unit5HumansandNature-2022年高考英语一轮复习小题多维练（北师大版2019）

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核心词汇灵活用—填一填
1. survive v.&vt.幸存;活下来→________ n.幸存,生存→________ n.幸存者,生还者
2. petry n. ________→________ n.诗→ pet n诗人→petess n.女诗人
3. frightened adj. →________ frightening adj. →________ → +frighten vt.(使)惊恐→ fright n.恐怖;惊恐
4. curius adj.好奇的→ ________ adv.好奇地;奇怪 地→ curisity n. ________
5. ________n.观察;观察结果→ bserver n.观察者→ bserve vt→________
6. equal adj. ________→________ adv.平等地→equality n.相等;平等
7. ________n.&vt.企图,尝试,努力→ attempted adj. ________
8. ________ n. 死,死亡→diev死亡→ ________ adj. 垂死的
9. perate vi. ________ vt. ________→ ________ n.操作;行动;活动;手术→ peratr n.操作人员,接线员
10. ________ n.(肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨→suffer vi.感到疼痛,遭受(痛苦)
11. ________ n.保护;防护→ prtect v.保护,防卫→ prtective adj. → ________
12. dust n.灰尘;尘埃→ dusty adj ________
13. ________ n.准备,预备→ prepare vr准备;预备
14. base n.基地,大本营;基础→ basic adj. ________ → ________ adv.大体上,基本上
15. ________ adv.忧虑地,担心地→ anxius adj. ________ → ________ n. 忧虑,焦虑
16. ambitin n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿→________ adj.有志向的,有抱负的
17. explrer n.探险者(家)→________ n.探险;探索 → explre v. ________
18.cheerful adj. ________ → ________ adv. 高高兴兴地→ cheer v.欢呼;(使)高兴起来
19. ________ adj. 久远的,遥远的→ distance n.距离
20. ________ n. 坦诚;诚实,正直→ hnest adj诚实的 → ________ adv.真诚地;公正地
21. sincerity n.真挚,诚实,真诚→ sincere adj. ________ → ________ adv.真诚地;由衷地,诚恳地
22. ________ n. 勇气;勇敢的行为→ brave adj. 勇敢的
23. varied adj. 各种各样的,形形色色的→vary v.相异,不同→ ________ n.多样化,多样性→ varius adj.
→ ________ variusly adv.不同地;多方面地
24. ________ adj. 可怕的,恐怖的→ scaring → scared adj. ________ → scare vt. 使恐惧
25 harmless adj. ________→ harm vt.&n.伤害,损害→________ adj有伤害的
26. ________ n.消亡;消失→ ________ vi. 消失
27. ________ n.丧失;死亡→ lse y.丧失
II.单句填空—单元语法专练
1．I still remember the day _____/ ______ ______ I first met Jennifer.
2．I ften think f the time _____/ ______ ______ I was in cllege.
3．This is the twn _____/ ______ ______ Shakespeare was brn.
4．He didn’t tell us the reasn _____/ ______ ______ he was s excited.
5．He gets int a situatin ______ it is hard t decide what is right.
6．Wh is the girl ______ ______ yu just shk hands?
7．He bught a telescpe ______ ______ he culd study the sky.
8．The wman ______ ______ I turned just nw is my English teacher.
9．The reasn ___ I lve western music is that the piece f music has inspired me a lt when I am in difficulty.
10．The days are gne physical strength was all yu needed t make a living．
III. 回归本源
课文语法填空1
Abut three years ag, smething terrible happened t me. Thse six hurs f 1________ (terrible brke my bdy and sul. One day, my tw brthers and I were cming back frm the islands. All 2________ nce, the sky 3________ (cver) with dark cluds and in less than a minute we were in 4 ________ terrible strm.
It may seem strange, but at that mment, 5________ we were n the edge f the whirlpl, I felt 6________ (calm) than when we were mving twards it. I nticed that smaller, rund and tubular bjects went dwn mre slwly 7________ ther bjects. S I tied myself t a barrel t help me flat. And withut 8________ (wait ), I dived int the sea t try and escape. As yu can see, I did escape. In the end a bat picked me 9________. I was very tired. The fishermen were my ld friends, but they were unable 10 ________ recgnise me. When I tld them the stry, they did nt believe it.
课文语法填空2
On I June, 1910, Captain Sctt began his jurney 1________ Antarctic. At the same time. the Nrwegian explrer Rald Amundsen was als ging suth. During the plar summer. bth teams rganised fd bases in 2________ (prepare) fr their jurneys. Amundsen reached the Antarctic first. Then he prepared fr the return jurney. Sctt 3________ (final) arrived at the Ple. They 4________ (shck) when they saw the Nrwegian flag. Sctt wrte sadly in his diary: “Well, we have nw lst the gal f ur ambitin and must face 800 miles f hard pushing- and gdbye t mst f ur 5________ (dream)”.
The return jurney was ne f the wrst in the histry f explratin. The weather cnditins were terrible. Sctt realised their 6________ (hpe) situatin. “We are very cheerful, 7________ what each man feels in his heart I can nly guess.". Then a terrible strm started. Sctt spent sme f his last hurs 8________ ( write ) He wrte a letter full f sadness t his wife The news f Sctt's death shcked 9________ wrld. He had failed t win the race t the Ple, but the extrardinary curage 10________ (shw) by Captain Sctt and his men made them heres.
= 1 \* ROMAN I. 用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Hw D Avalanches Happen
If yu’re ever skiing in the muntains, yu’ll want t be aware f avalanches. An avalanche is a sudden flw f snw dwn a slpe, such as a muntain. The amunt f snw in an avalanche 1． (vary) based n many things, but it can be such a huge amunt that it can bury the bttm f a slpe in dzens f feet f snw.
Avalanches 2． be caused by natural things. Fr example, new snw r rain can cause built-up snw t lsen and fall dwn the side f a muntain. Artificial triggers（诱发因素）can als cause avalanches. Fr example, snwmbiles, skiers, and explsives 3． (knw) t lead t avalanches.
Avalanches usually ccur during the winter and spring, 4． snwfall is greatest. As they are dangerus t any living beings in their path, avalanches have destryed frests, rads, railrads and even entire twns. Warning signs exist that allw experts t predict -- and ften prevent -- avalanches frm 5．
(ccur). When ver a ft f fresh snw falls, experts knw t be n the lkut fr avalanches. Explsives can be used in places 6． massive snw buildups t trigger much smaller avalanches that dn’t pse a danger t persns r prperty.
When deadly avalanches d ccur, the mving snw can quickly reach ver 80 miles per hur. Skiers caught in such avalanches can be buried under dzens f feet f snw. 7． it’s pssible t dig ut f such avalanches, nt all are able t escape.
If yu get tssed abut by an avalanche and find yurself 8． (bury) under many feet f snw, yu might nt have a true sense f which way is up and which way is dwn. Sme avalanche victims have tried t dig their way ut, nly t find that they were upside dwn and digging 9． farther under the snw rather than t the tp!
Experts suggest that peple caught in an avalanche try t dig arund yu 10． (create) a space fr air, s yu can breathe mre easily. Then, d yur best t figure ut which way is up and dig in that directin t reach the surface and signal rescuers.
II. 完形填空
Over tw weeks ag I was standing n the summit f Munt Qmlangma. It was the tp f many years’ hard wrk, and the 11 f a childhd dream.
I have been verwhelmed by the tide f gdwill and 12 . But ne thing has becme 13 apparent. Many peple have cnstant misunderstandings abut Munt Qmlangma. In their 14 , Qmlangma has 15 her crwn. She has becme a muntain synnymus with death, explitatin and 16
The mst cmmn questin I get asked is: “Is it 17 in rubbish?” As a United Natins patrn( 资 助 人 ) f the wilderness, ne f my rles is t 18 back frm the Earth’s remaining wildernesses and t act as a 19 fr the wild.
I climbed Qmlangma expecting a rubbish dump but what I fund 20 me: I 21 saw any litter, frm the airprt t the summit.
The Nepalese have 22 sme huge clean-up campaigns in recent years, perhaps t imprve their reputatin, but als in respnse t sme tragic natural disasters. The gvernment 23 a number f requirements including that each climber 24 an additinal 8kg f litter (nt including their wn) and incentives( 激励) fr Sherpas( 夏尔巴人) f $2 per kil f rubbish cleaned.
The results have been 25 . The cuntry lanes f Great Britain have mre rubbish than the 26 t base camp; despite the 100,000 ftfalls I saw ne f the cleanest, tidiest wilderness trails I have encuntered.
I have spent time in many f the wrld’s ppular wilderness lcatins and I wuld say Nepal shuld be 27 . It is an example f man repairing the 28 he has dne. As ur fcus turns t the ceans and the seemingly 29 task f repairing ur marine habitat, we culd lk at Qmlangma as a fine 30 f turning back the clck.
11．A．realizatinB．mtivatinC．cnnectinD．schedule
12．A．respndB．prtectinC．changeD．supprt
13．A．strangelyB．naturallyC．increasinglyD．easily
14．A．symptmsB．mindsC．striesD．permits
15．A．lstB．fedC．cuntedD．saved
16．A．adventureB．pllutinC．settlementD．chice
17．A．cveredB．seizedC．fundD．pured
18．A．expectB．appreciateC．applyD．reprt
19．A．planB．titleC．viceD．lessn
20．A．surprisedB．servedC．frcedD．stressed
21．A．silentlyB．eagerlyC．franklyD．hardly
22．A．challengedB．cnductedC．bservedD．qualified
23．A．appealed tB．taken inC．depended nD．put frward
24．A．shareB．cnfirmC．remveD．bear
25．A．selectiveB．familiarC．impressiveD．repairable
26．A．realityB．trailC．pprtunityD．league
27．A．vitalB．prudC．simpleD．unique
28．A．cnclusinB．cnvenienceC．arrangementD．damage
29．A．impssibleB．necessaryC．unusualD．extra
30．A．cntentB．directinC．exampleD．situatin
阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
31．The sea level arund Federal States f Micrnesia is rising as much as ______ r s a year.
A．1.1 mmB．3.1 mmC．6.6 mmD．9.3 mm
32．Which island has been granted sme funds t relcate by the state gvernment?
A．Federal States f MicrnesiaB．Tuvalu
C．Marshall IslandsD．Shishmaref
B
In the past 50 years, the amunt f water in the pen cean with zer xygen has gne up mre than furfld. In castal water bdies，including river muths and seas, lw-xygen sites have increased mre than tenfld since 1950.Scientists expect xygen t cntinue drpping even utside these znes as Earth warms .
“Oxygen is fundamental t life in the Oceans,” said Denise Breitburg, a marine eclgist with the Smithsnian Envirnmental Research Center. “The decline in cean xygen ranks amng the mst serius effects f human activities n the Earth ’s envirnment. Actually, it's a great lss t all the supprt services that rely n recreatin and turism, including htels and restaurants and taxi drivers and everything else. The reverberatins(严重影响) f unhealthy ecsystems in the cean can be extensive.”
In areas traditinally called “dead znes" , like thse in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf f Mexic，xygen plummets(大幅下跌) t s lw levels that many animals die. As fish avid these znes, their habitats becme smaller and they’ re easier t be attacked r caught. But the prblem ges far beynd “dead znes”. Even smaller xygen decline can prevent grwth in animals, hinder reprductin and lead t disease r even death. It als can cause the release f dangerus chemicals such as nitrus xide, a greenhuse gas up t 300 times mre pwerful than carbn dixide. While sme animals can bm in “dead znes”，verall bidiversity falls.
Climate change is the key criminal in the pen cean. Warming surface waters make it harder fr xygen t reach the inside f the cean. Furthermre, as the cean as a whle gets warmer, it hlds less xygen. In castal waters, t much nutrient pllutin frm land creates algal blms, which use up xygen as they die and break dwn.
Peple's livelihds are als n the line, the scientists reprted, especially in develping natins. Smaller fisheries(渔场)may be unable t relcate when lw xygen destrys their harvests r frces fish t mve elsewhere. S we humans have t carry n a war nw and win the war.
33．What des the first paragraph mainly talk abut?
A．The cean has been lsing its xygen.B．The amunt f sea water is increasing.
C．The castal water bdies are dangerus.D．The Earth becmes warmer and warmer.
34．What can we infer frm Denise Breitburg's wrds?
A．Different ceans have different levels f xygen.
B．The decline in cean xygen has great influences.
C．The future f turism relies n the levels f cean xygen.
D．The decrease in cean xygen is the mst serius envirnment prblem.
35．Hw des the “dead zne" affect sea animals?
A．It ffers mre fd.B．It frms dangerus gas.
C．It reduces their living areas.D．It prduces mre carbn dixide.
36．Hw can we win the war accrding t the text?
A．By clsing smaller fisheries.B．By cntrlling humans' bad activities.
C．By imprving peple's living standards.D．By stpping nutrients entering the cean.
II. 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Lcated halfway up the Italy’s Apennine Muntain，abut 1 00 miles nrtheast f Rme，the Htel Rigpian has never been easy t reach. But its islatin(隔绝)nly adds t its appeal，attracting a great number f turists.
Snw began t fall acrss the Apennines in January and lasted fr days. Frm his hme in the Rme suburbs，Matrne watched the weather with cncern. He and his wife，Cicini，had planned an vernight getaway t the htel. But nw he wndered whether they shuld g. After phning the htel，they decided t make the trip. By the time they neared the htel six hurs later，they were battling a snwstrm. When they finally arrived，they were bth cld and exhausted. They checked int their rm and went t bed early.
As they awke the next day，they discvered that their difficulty had wrsened vernight. The cars in the parking lt were invisible. The phne and pwer lines were dwn. They were having breakfast when the htel began t shake. An earthquake with a magnitude(震级)f 5. 7 had struck the muntain. “Get ut f here!”Matrne shuted t his wife. They headed quickly t the parking lt，where thers were digging their cars. Fifteen minutes after the first earthquake，anther quake hit，this ne measuring 5. 6.
With a dzen vehicles freed by nn，the guests set ff dwn the driveway. But when they reached the main rad，the path was blcked by a six-ft-high wall f snw. Matrne climbed ut f his car and investigated it. There was n rad in sight，“We’re trapped!”he tld his wife. S they had n chice but t make their way back t the htel.
As it was getting dark，they managed t be back. That was when the snw n the muntain began t slide. They heard the avalanche(雪崩)befre they saw it. The avalanche gathered speed and size，grabbing rcks and trees and anything else in its way dwn the muntain，tearing the htel frm its fundatin. When the avalanche came t a stp，thse caught inside the htel were left buried in the icy rcks and ruins.
Para1， When Matrne came t himself，he was stuck in the darkness.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2 It was nt until the next mrning that the rescuers finally arrived.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Islands that culd disappear in yur lifetime
Island vacatins are dreams fr many turists, but climate change has lifted cean temperatures, raised sea levels and wrsened strm severity. As a result, sme islands are threatened and culd disappear in the cming decades.
Federal States f Micrnesia
2019 Ppulatin: 112,640
The average rate f sea-level rise wrldwide has been 3.1 mm per year since 1993. But the rate arund Federated States f Micrnesia is three times faster. The cuntry is at risk f disappearing because f castal flding, ersin, and frequent strms.
Tuvalu
2019 Ppulatin: 11,508.
Tuvalu is a small chain f islands in the Pacific Ocean. Fr mre than 25 years, its representatives have raised alarms that climate change culd raise sea levels enugh t fld the islands. Even if waters never get that high, Tuvalu culd still becme uninhabitable as rising sea levels have plluted the natin’s grundwater resurces with salt.
Marshall Islands
2019 Ppulatin: 58413
Residents f Marshall Islands, a chain f vlcanic islands and cral atlls in the central Pacific Ocean, have knwn fr years that they have t either build new artificial islands t relcate r raise the existing nes.
Shishmaref Alaska
2019 Ppulatin: 617
In 2016, peple living in Shishmaref, Alaska, lcated near the Bering Strait, vted t relcate befre melting ice and land ersin wuld frced them t. Alaska had granted the city $8 millin tward the mve, but fficials say it will cst $200 millin.