多维练01(名词01)-备战2022年高考英语核心词汇用法强化多维练(通用版)

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备战2022年高考英语核心词汇用法强化多维练(通用版)01
名词01
【词汇记忆】
1. accident 事故；意外的事
2. address 住址；通讯处
3. afternoon 下午
4. air 空气；大气
5. all 全部
6. animal 动物
7. answer 答案
8. apple 苹果
9. arm 胳臂
10. art 美术；艺术
11. aunt 阿姨；姑母；舅妈
12. autumn 秋天；秋季
13. back 后面；背部
14. bag 书包； 袋子
15. ball 球
16. banana 香蕉
17. basket 篮子
18. basketball 篮球；篮球运动
19. bed 床
20. bedroom 卧室
21. bell 钟；铃
22. best 最好的人或物
23. bike 自行车
24. bill 帐单；清单
25. bird 鸟
26. birthday 生日
27. bit 一点；一些
28. black 黑色
29. blackboard 黑板
30. blue 蓝色
31. boat 小船
32. body 身体；躯体
33. book 书
34. bookshop 书店
35. bottle 瓶子
36. box 箱子；盒子
37. boy 男孩
38. bread 面包
39. breakfast 早餐
40. bridge 桥
41. brother 兄弟
42. brown 棕色；褐色
43. brush 刷子
44. building 建筑物；房屋
45. business 商业；生意
46. bus 公共汽车
47. cake 蛋糕
48. call （一次）电话
49. car 小汽车
50. card 卡片；名片
51. care 小心；照料
52. cat 猫
53. center 中心；中央
54. chair 椅子
55. change 变化；零钱
56. child 孩子；儿童
57. Christmas 圣诞节
58. cinema 电影；电影院
59. city 城市
60. class 班； 课
61. classmate 同班同学
62. classroom 教室
63. clock 钟
64. clothes 衣服
65. coat 上衣；外套
66. cold 寒冷；感冒/着凉
67. colour 颜色
68. comrade 同志
69. computer 电脑
70. cook 厨师
71. copy （书/报等的）一本/份/册……
72. corner 角落
73. cotton 棉花
74. country 国家；农村
75. course 过程；课程
76. cover 盖子；封面
77. cow 奶牛；母牛
78. cross 十字形；交叉
79. cry 叫喊；哭声
80. cup 杯；杯子
【突破专练】
一、根据中英文或首字母提示填写单词
1．Sophie's c________ (好奇心)was aroused by the mysterious phone call.
2．The house was in c________ (杂乱) after the party.
3．In c________（总之），walking is a cheap，safe，enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
4．The tax cut will give a much needed ________(to increase or improve something and make it more successful) to the economy.
5．I need to make a ________（=a plan of things that will happen）.
6．The ________ （=things contained in sth） of the new course depends on what the students would like to study.
7．Exercise has become part of my daily r__________.
8．We brought back a few s________from our holiday in London, such as a model of a red London bus and a T-shirt printed with London Eye.
9．Losing her b________, Lucy fell off from her bike and got injured.
10．This famous novelist has got a fresh i________ from the news report for his next book.
11．Because of COVID-19, everyone should show his i________ card before entering the hospital.
12．If you want to speak good English, a large v________ is needed.
13．There’s been a s________ of accidents on this road recently.
14．I have always regarded him as a man of i_______, who always keeps his promises.
15．If the students dare to cheat in the exams, they will have to take the c_______.
16．Her flaws (缺点) were as large as her v_______.
17．It’s no secret that China has always been a ________（来源）of inspiration for designers. 18．The success or ________（失败）of the plan depends on you .
19．Tired and hungry, he has no ________ (力气) to walk on .
20．Cycling, along with ________（慢跑）and swimming, is regarded as one of the best forms of exercise.
21．They are now under a great deal of pressure to improve their airport__________ (安全工作).
22．They had asked the government for ________（允许）to remove the public library to make room for a shopping mall but was rejected.
23．The children had an ________ (争论) over what game to play last night and never reached an agreement until they went to bed unhappily.
24．The sculpture was made of various ________(材料), including steel, copper wire, and rubber. 25．Eating too many ________（甜品）can do harm to your teeth.
26．He started to suffer from ________（消化）as he grew older.
27．Because of the bad weather, the project is several weeks behind________ (工作计划)
28．Would you like my old TV in ________（交换） for this camera?
29．Tom accepted more out of ________ (好奇心) than anything else.
30．The children have gone e________（探险） in the woods.
31．Some of us often quarrel with our parents because of the ________(辈，代) gap.
32．I like the teaching ________(方式) of my English teacher, which is very interesting.
33．The teacher made a suggestion that the boy make an apology to his classmate for his bad ________（行为）.
34．At the age of 24, I became a ________ (记者) writing for a local newspaper.
35．Exercise will increase your ________ (食欲,胃口) for food.
36．He acted as chairman in my ________ (缺席).
37．Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a ________ (工作计划).
38．Excuse, I am wondering if hotel ________ (住宿) is also included?
39．They sent out 200 ________ (请帖) to their wedding.
40．To settle the issue, they made a________(承诺) to peace and security demands.
二、用单词的适当形式完成短文
1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Which is the most significant classical Chinese painting? According to Paul Denlinger, who 41． ( come) to China many times when young, it should be Qingming Shanghe Tu or Along the River During the Qingming Festival. This42．( create) dates back to the Northern Song dynasty.
This painting is important43． several reasons. First, up until this time, almost all Chinese 44． ( painting) were landscapes, which did not feature people at all or had only a few people. 45．( two) , this is the first scroll (卷轴)painting to describe both Chinese urban and suburban life during the period in the capital, Bianjing ( now Kaifeng, in Henan province). Third, the painting is highly detailed, 46．( feature ) shops of all kinds and different economic activities in and out of the city. People are able to see the Chinese technologies of the time, which helps them 47．great deal in understanding 48．the Chinese lived.
The Beijing Palace Museum keeps the49．( origin) Song painting and one of its famous copies—the Qing version 50．( hold) in the M National Palace Museum” in Taipei.
2
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
I felt butterflies in my stomach when I started calligraphy class ten years ago. I wondered what I was doing there. At that moment, I couldn't have known that I'd just made one of the best 51．(choose) of my life.
I sat down and listened to the teacher introducing the tools of the craft. Then 52． was the first time for me that I had tried my hand. I took up the brush, using the correct gesture, 53．(dip) it in the ink, and carefully wrote "one" 54． Chinese.
Over 55． past five years, I have learned to make versions of well-known poems. Calligraphy seemed like a bridge, 56． connected me to authors from centuries past. Stroke(笔画) by stroke, word by word, I could feel their emotions, cherished my own peace and learned 57． (appreciate) my daily life.
Now, calligraphy is not just a hobby, 58．a way to remove myself from the worries of life. Rolling out the paper, I can write for a whole day. Calligraphy 59． (able) me to balance my busy schedule and live 60． (peace).
3
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Red envelopes have played 61． important part in Chinese New Year for as long as anyone can remember. So what’s the story behind the red envelopes during Chinese New Year?
One popular story 62． (date) back to the Qin Dynasty, when the elderly would thread coins onto a red string. This money 63． (call) yasui qian in Chinese, meaning “ money protecting oneself from evil spirits ” , and was believed to protect elder people from sickness and 64． (die). As the printing press became more common, the yasui qian was replaced 65． red envelopes.
Another legend tells of a village 66． a demon (恶魔)would terrorize children at night. It was believed that the demon would touch the children’s heads while they were asleep, 67． (cause) serious illness. From there, a theory emerged that when they prayed, the god would send eight fairies to protect the child. The fairies would disguise(伪装) 68． (they) as eight coins and hide under the child’s pillow. When the demon got close, the coins would begin to shine very 69． (bright) , blinding the demon. Word began to spread and the villagers started giving red envelopes 70． (fill) with coins to each other to put under their pillows at night. As time passed, red envelopes became a way to bring good luck and prosperity to the receiver.
4
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。
The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fiction movie, 71． is based on the novel of 72． same name by Liu Cixin, and was released on February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Year’s Day.
After learning the sun is dying out, people all around the world feel 73． (frighten),
so they build giant planet thrusters (星球推进器) 74． ( move ) the earth out of its orbit and sail 75． to a new star system. The 2500 years’ journey comes with unexpected dangers, but in order to save humanity, a group of young people come out bravely and fight hard for everyone’s 76． (survive).
We 77． (impress) to see the theme of this film. It doesn’t particularly show somebody’s ability to save our world 78． shows all the human beings are working together, 79． (spare) no effort to save this world.
The Wandering Earth is seen by people as the dawn(开端) of Chinese science fiction movies. It means that China’s sci-fi movies have 80． (official) set sail.
参考答案
一、
1．curiosity/uriosity
【解析】考查名词。句意：那个神秘的电话引起了索菲的好奇心。根据汉语和首字母c提示可知，curiosity好奇心，不可数名词作主语，符合题意。故填curiosity。
2．clutter/lutter
【解析】考查名词。句意：聚会之后，房子里一片狼藉。由首字母提示c可知，“杂乱”是clutter，是不可数名词，故填clutter。
3．conclusion/onclusion
【解析】考查名词。句意：总之，步行是一种廉价、安全、愉快且容易获得的运动形式。总之为“ in conclusion”。故填conclusion。
4．boost
【解析】考查名词。句意：减税将给经济带来迫切需要的推动力。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语动词will give的宾语；且有a修饰，应为可数名词。boost有“增长，提高”的意思，且为可数名词。give a boost to是固定搭配，意为“促进，使增长”。故填boost。
5．prediction
【解析】考查名词词义。根据空前a可知，此处应该填写名词；根据“a plan of things that will happen”可知，此处应该填写意为“预测、预言”的名词，故填prediction。
6．content
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：新课程的内容取决于学生想学什么。根据空前the可知，此处应该填写名词，根据提示“things contained in sth”（包含于某事物中的事物）可知，此空指“内容，内涵”之意，故填content。
7．routine/outine
【解析】考查名词。句意：锻炼已经成为我日常生活的一部分。根据单词首字母以及句意“日常生活”，可知应填名词routine，作宾语，短语daily routine表示“日常生活”。故填routine。
8．souvenirs/ouvenirs
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在伦敦度假回来了一些纪念品，比如红色伦敦巴士模型和印有“伦敦眼”的t恤。根据首字母“s”及句意提示，此空可填写意为“纪念品”的名词，用souvenir；根据a few可知，此处应该用名词复数，故填souvenirs。
9．balance/alance
【解析】考查名词。句意：露西失去平衡，从自行车上摔了下来，受了伤。根据首字母和汉语意思“平衡”以及上文her可知，此处要用名词。故填balance。
10．inspiration/nspiration
【解析】考查名词。句意：这位著名小说家从新闻报道中为他的下一本书获得了新的灵感。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少宾语。结合“from the news report for his next book”可知，小说家从新闻报道中获得灵感，inspiration“灵感”，符合题意。故填：inspiration。
11．identity/dentity
【解析】考查名词。句意：因为冠状病毒疾病，每个人进医院前都要出示身份证。结合句意，首字母提示及句中before entering the hospital可知，此处指要出示“身份证”identity card，故填identity。
12．vocabulary/ocabulary
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：如果你想说一口流利的英语，大量的词汇是必要的。根据句意和首字母以及“a”可知，空处填单数名词vocabulary作主语。故填vocabulary。
13．series/eries
【解析】考查短语。句意：最近这条路上发生了一系列交通事故。短语：a series of “一系列，一连串的”，结合首字母提示及句意，故填series。
14．integrity/ntegrity
【解析】考查名词。句意：我一直认为他是一个正直的人，他总能遵守诺言。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作介词of的宾语，结合所给首字母以及句意可知，应填integrity。故填integrity。
15．consequences/onsequences
【解析】考查名词。句意：如果这些学生敢在考试时作弊，他们将必须承担后果。take the consequences表示“承担后果”，结合所给首字母以及句意可知，应填 consequences。故填consequences。
16．virtues/irtues
【解析】考查名词。句意：她的缺点和优点一样多。空格处与“flaws ”对应，即“缺点”对应“优点”，填名词复数，根据首字母提示可知填virtues。
17．source
【解析】考查名词。句意：众所周知，中国一直是设计师的灵感来源。不定冠词a后接名词的单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填source。
18．failure
【解析】考查名词。句意：这个计划的成败取决于你。名词failure作为“失败”之意，为不可数名词。根据汉语提示及句意，故填failure。
19．strength
【解析】考查名词。句意：他又累又饿，没有力气再走下去了。力气为“ strength”不可数名词，作has的宾语。故填strength。
20．jogging
【解析】考查名词。句意：自行车，连同慢跑和游泳，被认为是最好的运动形式之一。with为介词后接名词作宾语。慢跑为“ jogging”。故填jogging。
21．security
【解析】考查名词。句意：他们现在承受着加强机场安保工作的巨大压力。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应填入名词security作宾语，表示“安保工作”，抽象名词，不可数。故填security。
22．permission
【解析】考查名词。句意：他们曾请求政府允许拆除公共图书馆，为购物中心腾出空间，但遭到拒绝。设空处为介词for的宾语，应用名词，根据句意和汉语提示，故填permission。
23．argument
【解析】考查名词。句意：孩子们昨天晚上为玩什么游戏而争论，直到不愉快地上床睡觉才达成一致意见。根据汉语提示“争论”和空前an可知，此处应该填写名词，故填argument。
24．materials
【解析】考查名词。句意：该雕塑由各种材料制成，包括钢、铜线和橡胶。根据汉语提示和句意可知，应用名词material，前有various修饰，应用名词复数形式。故填materials。
25．desserts
【解析】考查名词。句意：吃太多甜点对你的牙齿有很大危害。根据空格前too many（太多）可知空格处要填名词复数；根据括号内汉语提示，故填desserts。
26． digestion
【解析】考查名词。句意：随着他年龄越来越大，他开始遭受消化不良之苦。根据空格前动词短语suffer from是及物动词短语，后面要接名词或代词做宾语。根据括号内汉语提示，“消化”的名词形式是digestion，不可数，故填digestion。
27．schedule
【解析】考查名词。句意：由于糟糕的天气，该项目比计划推迟了几周。此处应用名词作宾语，根据汉语提示，名词schedule符合题意，此处特指之前确定的某个工作计划，应用单数形式。故填schedule。
28．exchange
【解析】考查名词。句意：你想用我的旧电视机换这台照相机吗？根据所给句子和汉语提示可知，名词exchange符合题意，in exchange for“作为......交换”。故填exchange。
29．curiosity
【解析】考查名词。句意：汤姆接受更多是出于好奇。此处应用名词作宾语，结合汉语提示，名词curiosity符合题意，不可数，out of curiosity“出于好奇心”。故填curiosity。
30．exploration
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们在森林里探险去了。根据汉语提示“探险”及句子结构可知，应该用名词exploration，故填exploration。
31．generation
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：由于代沟，我们中的一些人经常和父母吵架。generation gap是一个固定短语，意为：代沟（两代人之间的隔阂）。故填generation。
32．style
【解析】考查名词。句意：我喜欢我的英语老师的教学方式，非常有趣。根据汉语提示“方式”可知，应填名词style，作宾语，短语teaching style表示“教学方式”。故填style。
33．behaviour
【解析】考查名词。句意：老师建议这个男孩对自己的不良行为向同学道歉。本空在句中作介词for的宾语，故应用名词behaviour “行为”，本句为不可数名词。故填behaviour 。
34．journalist
【解析】考查名词。句意：24岁时，我成为了一名记者，为当地一家报纸撰稿。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词journalist，由空前a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填journalist。
35．appetite
【解析】考查名词作宾语。句意：运动会增加你的食欲。句中your是形容词，修饰名词，表示“食欲,胃口”用名词appetite，在句中作谓语动词increase的宾语。故答案为appetite。
36．absence
【解析】考查名词。句意：我不在时他担任主席。my是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，表示“缺席”用名词absence，此处为不可数名词。故答案为absence。
37．schedule
【解析】考查名词。句意：找时间学习并进行课外活动是一个很大的挑战，所以我需要做一个时间表。分析句子结构可知，空处作make的宾语，放在a后面用可数名词单数，“工作计划”译为：schedule。故填：schedule。
38．accommodation
【解析】考查名词。句意：不好意思，请问酒店住宿是否也包括在内?句中用名词形式作宾语从句的主语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填accommodation。
39．invitations
【解析】考查名词。句意：他们发出了200张婚礼请帖。根据汉语提示可知，invitation请帖，名词作宾语，符合题意；基数词200后需接可数名词复数。故填invitations。
40．commitment
【解析】考查名词。句意：为了解决这个问题，他们做出了和平与安全的承诺。根据汉语提示“承诺”，可知应填名词commitment，作宾语，冠词提示用单数。故填commitment。
二、
1
41．came
42．creation
43．for
44．paintings
45．Second
46．featuring
47．a
48．how
49．original
50．is held
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了清明上河图为什么是最重要的中国古典绘画的原因。
41．考查一般过去时。由“when young”可知，定语从句为一般过去时，所以谓语动词为came。故填came。
42．考查名词。分析句子可知，本句的主语为This___2___( create)，所以this后接名词creation做句子的主语。故填creation。
43．考查介词。for“因为”为介词符合句意，后接名词reasons作宾语。故填for。
44．考查名词复数。painting为可数名词，且由all修饰，所以填名词复数paintings。故填paintings 。
45．考查副词。分析句子可知，本句在说明清明上河图为什么重要的第二点原因，且由“First， Third”也可知，空处填Second。故填Second。
46．考查现在分词。分析句子可知，主语the painting与feature在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填featuring。
47．考查固定短语。a great deal“许多，大量”为固定短语。当副词表程度 ，修饰形容词、副词或动词。故填a。
48．考查连接副词。分析句子可知，understanding后接宾语从句，宾语从句缺少表示方式的连接副词how。故填 how。
49．考查形容词。original为形容词修饰名词Song painting。故填original。
50．考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子可知，and并列连接两个句子，由“the Beijing Palace Museum keeps”可知，and之后的句子为一般现在时，主语 one of its famous copies—the Qing version与谓语hold为被动，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填 is held。
2
51．choices
52．it
53．dipped
54．in
55．the
56．which
57．to appreciate
58．but
59．enables
60．peacefully
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者从初上书法课的迷茫，到书法课成为自己身边必不可少的一部分的心理历程。
51．考查名词的数。分析句子结构可知，one of the best后加名词复数，表示“最好的……之一”，故填choices。
52．考查固定句型。分析句子结构可知，it is/was the+序数词+time that是固定句型，意为“这是第几次……”，故填it。
53．考查时态。句意：我拿起画笔，用正确的手势蘸了蘸墨水，小心翼翼地用中文写着“一”。结合句意可知，句中的三个动作take up, dip, write是连贯的、并列的，故时态一致，故填dipped。
54．考查介词。句意：小心翼翼地用中文写着“一”。分析句子结构可知，空处填介词，表示“用……门语言”用介词in，故填in。
55．考查冠词。句意：在过去的五年里，我学会了翻译一些著名的诗歌。over the past five years意为“在过去的五年里”，表示特指，故填the。
56．考查定语从句连词。分析句子结构可知，空处填关系代词，在从句中作主语，先行词是a bridge，故填which。
57．考查动词的固定结构。句意：我可以感受到他们的情绪，珍惜自己的平静，学会欣赏我的日常生活。learn to do sth.意为“学做……”，故填to appreciate。
58．考查并列连词。句意：现在，书法不仅仅是一种爱好，而是一种让自己摆脱生活烦恼的方式。根据句意可知，not…but…意为“不是……而是……”，故填but。
59．考查时态和主谓一致。根据句子结构可知，空处填时态，结合语境，此处用一般现在时，且主语是calligraphy，故填enables。
60．考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，修饰动词live，故填peacefully。
3
61．an
62．dates
63．was called
64．death
65．with
66．where
67．causing
68．themselves
69．brightly
70．filled
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了红包的来历。
61．考查冠词。part是可数名词单数形式，且important 的发音以元音音素开头，play an important part in... 意为“在……中发挥重要作用”。故填an。
62．考查时态。date back to意为“始于(某时期)，追溯到……年代”，根据上下文可知，该短语常用一般现在时,没有被动语态和进行时。故填dates。
63．考查时态和语态。根据下文中的 “ and was believed o protect elder people ”可知，空处应用一般过去时；This money和call之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填was called。
64．考查名词。根据空前的名词sickness和and可知，death与名词sickness是并列的关系，应填名词形式。故填death。
65．考查介词。此处为“replace A with B ”结构的被动形式，意为“用B替换A”。故填with。
66．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a village，它是表示地点的名词，且定语从句中缺少地点状语，所以要且关系副词引导该从句，故填 where。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们相信恶魔会在孩子们睡着的时候摸他们的头，结果引起严重的疾病。根椐语境可知，此处是表示顺理成章的结果，应用动词-ing形式作结果状语。故填causing。
68．考查代词。此处指仙女们把自己伪装成八个硬币。当主语和宾语是同一个人或物时，宾语要用其反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。
69．考查副词。根据空前的动词shine和very可知,此处应用副词brightly修饰动词shine。故填brightly。
70．考查非谓语动词。red envelopes与fill之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，意思是“被装满了硬币的信封”，所以应用动词-ed形式作后置定语。故填filled。
4
71．which
72．the
73．frightened
74．to move
75．it
76．survival
77．are impressed
78．but
79．sparing
80．officially
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《流浪地球》这部电影的主要内容和意义。
71．考查非限制性定语从句。____ is based on the novel of ____ same name by Liu Cixin是非限制性定语从句，修饰a Chinese science fiction movie，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导该从句，故填which。
72．考查冠词。句意：《流浪地球》是一部中国科幻电影，改编自刘慈欣的同名小说。same常和定冠词the连用，故填the。
73．考查形容词。句意：在得知太阳正在消失后，世界各地的人们都感到很害怕。feel是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。表示“（人）害怕的”，应用frightened。故填frightened。
74．考查非谓语动词。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。______ ( move ) the earth out of its orbit and sail ____ to a new star system.是“人们建造行星推进器”的目的，表目的，用动词不定式。故填to move。
75．考查代词。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。该空作sail的宾语，指代the earth，应用it。故填it。
76．考查名词。everyone’s ____ (survive)作介词for的宾语，应用名词。且空前有everyone’s（所有人的）修饰。故填survival。
77．考查时态和被动语态。该空作谓语。impress意为“给……留下印象”，主语we和impress之间是被动关系，该句用被动语态。且根据上下文，该句应用一般现在时态。故填are impressed。
78．考查固定搭配。句意：它并没有特别显示某个人拯救世界的能力，而是显示了所有人都在一起努力，不遗余力地挽救这个世界。not…but…表示“不是……而是……”，是固定搭配。故填but。
79．考查非谓语动词。____ (spare) no effort to save this world是状语，主语all the human beings和spare no efforts之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填sparing。
80．考查副词。句意：《流浪地球》被人们视为中国科幻电影的开山之作。这意味着中国的科幻电影已经正式启航。该空修饰动词短语set sail，应用副词。故填officially。