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2022年浙江省温州市初中学业水平考试英语模拟试卷(word版含答案)
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这是一份2022年浙江省温州市初中学业水平考试英语模拟试卷(word版含答案)，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，词汇运用，语法填空，任务型阅读，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022温州市初中学业水平考试英语模拟试卷
卷一
说明：本卷共有两大题，30小题，满分45分。
一、完形填空〔本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计l5分）
阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Growing up, I understood one thing about my dad：He seemed to ____1____ everything. This was our relationship：I asked him questions and he told me the ____2____. Is there really a man on the moon? How do sailboats work? ____3____ is the highest score anyone’s ever gotten in PacMan?
In my teen years, he ____4____ me things I’d need to know to live in the real world：How to drive a car safely; how to check the car; the correct ____5____ to use to peel (剥落) an apple and so on.
When I moved out on my own ____6____ the age of 18, I called him at least once a week. I called him, usually ____7____ something broke in my house and I needed to know how to fix it：the toilet, the air conditioning, the wall, once, when I threw a shoe at a ____8____ mouse. But then, finally, I needed him less. I got ____9____ and my husband had most of the knowledge I didn’t have about doing housework, painting walls, cleaning the toilet and cooking. For ____10____ else, we had the Internet.
I don’t know when it happened, I don’t know why, either. But our conversations ____11____ six words. Me：“Hi, Dad.” Him：“Hi, sweets. Here’s Mom.”
I loved my father, of course, but I wondered at times if maybe he had ____12____ shared everything I needed to know. Maybe I’d heard all of his ____13____. Maybe, after knowing a man for 40 years, there’s nothing left to say. I realized something must be done to change the ____14____. I visited him often and talked about the things happened when I was young with him. We had dinner together. We traveled together. We ____15____ the beautiful scenery of the world together. The relationship between Dad and me rebuilt.
( )1．A．know B．interest C．like D．admire
( )2．A．difficulties B．questions C．answers D．problems
( )3．A．When B．What C．Where D．Who
( )4．A．gave B．brought C．taught D．drew
( )5．A．knife B．pen C．eraser D．box
( )6．A．in B．of C．with D．at
( )7．A．although B．unless C．when D．until
( )8．A．scary B．busy C．lazy D．happy
( )9．A．worried B．surprised C．excited D．married
( )10．A．somebody B．everything C．anybody D．nothing
( )11．A．threw into B．came from C．turned into D．showed up
( )12．A．yet B．already C．often D．always
( )13．A．books B．jobs C．habits D．stories
( )14．A．situation B．subject C．sign D．scene
( )15．A．described B．recalled C．saw D．imagined
二、阅读理解（本题有l5小题，每小题2分，共计30分）
阅读下面四篇材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Doodles (涂鸦) about your character (性格)!
You are a person who feels a lot and gets influenced by others. You often put on a strong front and never show your vulnerable side (脆弱的一面). When something upsets you, you can talk about it with your friends so that you don’t get nervous.
You are a person who is full of energy and can find joy in everything you do. You dream of living life to the fullest. One of your greatest fears is being bored. You need to take a careful look at life and start making better choices.
You’re a person who is ambitious (有雄心的) and organized. You don’t like laziness and work very hard. But sometimes you may become self-centered. Whenever a friend tries to share a story of them with you, you bring the focus (焦点) to yourself, talking about your life. You should try to be a better listener.
You are a person who is smart.You have strong self-control. You follow your dreams without comparing yourself to others. Sometimes you should come out of your comfort zone (舒适区) and try new things that get your heart racing.
( )16．If you always love life and are afraid of being bored, which picture may you like?
A．Picture 1. B．Picture 2 C．Picture 3. D．Picture 4.
( )17．For a boy who is ambitious but a little self-centered, what advice can he get according to the passage?
A．Talk with his friends about the things he’s worried.
B．Look at his life carefully and make better choices.
C．Be a better listener when his friends are in trouble.
D．Step out of his comfort zone and try something new.
( )18．This passage is probably a/an ________.
A．art competition B．news report C．health survey D．character test
B
Feeling sad is an important part of human nature.
Jerome Wakefield, a professor at New York University, mentions that feeling down after your heart is broken is normal and may even be beneficial. Recently, Wakefield’s students have been coming up to him because their parents are pressuring them to get help for their sadness; often the kids want no part of it. Rather than “listen to medicine,” they want to listen to their hearts. He believes these students’ reaction represents an important part of human nature.
Professor Diener, who has studied happiness for a quarter century, finds that the Scots and many other peoples like being sad, and don’t appreciate being told they should be happier. “They say too much happiness might not be such a good thing no matter where it comes from,” says Diener. He believes it’s wrong for the “happiness industry” to send the message that not only can we all be happier, but we have a duty to be so. He argues that what is considered normal sadness is something we shouldn’t avoid.
Eric Wilson, a professor at Wake Forest University, made every effort to smooth out his habitual frown（皱眉）and wear a sunny smile, since a happy expression can lead to happy feelings. He even tried to be enthusiastic. When neither of these made him happy he concluded that such a happiness movement was no good for him at all. Americans, love for happiness, he writes, creates an environment where sadness is not valued.
These researchers believe the problem of continuous, extreme happiness should not be surprising, since negative emotions developed for a reason. Fear warns us against the presence of danger, for instance. Sadness, too, seems to be part of our DNA：monkeys, dogs and elephants all display something that looks like sadness. Being “up” all the time can cause you to play down very real threats.
They believe that only by experiencing sadness can we experience the fullness of the human condition. Their studies show that when you are in a negative frame of mind, you become more logical and more creative. Abraham Lincoln was not limited by his dark moods, and Beethoven composed his later works in a sad state. Vincent van Gogh, Emily Dickinson and other artistic giants saw the world through a glass darkly.
People who are somewhat unhappy are more motivated to improve both their own lot and the lot of their community. In contrast, people at the top of the happiness charts feel no such urgency（迫切需要）. “If you’re totally satisfied with your life,” says Diener, “you don’t feel like working for change. Be careful when people tell you that you should be happier.”
( )19．According to Jerome Wakefield, the students refuse to get help for their sadness because ________.
A．they believe they have a duty to be happy
B．they prefer to experience sadness themselves
C．they think it useless to take medicine for sadness
D．they trust their professors more than their parents
( )20．From the article we can learn that ________.
A．experiencing sadness may help artists create their works
B．sadness will make people aware of the meaning of happiness
C．if you tell the Scots to be happier, they will be grateful to you
D．Eric Wilson managed to achieve happiness by avoiding sadness
( )21．What does the underlined phrase “smooth out” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．carry on B．make out C．get rid of D．pay attention to
( )22．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Value of Sadness B．People Prefer Sadness
C．How to Become Happier D．Happiness Could Be Harmful
C
James Madison University (JMU) offers different languages to learn, from French to Ancient Greek and Italian. Spanish is one of the most useful languages to learn.
Spanish (西班牙语) is the second most spoken language in the world. Around 460 million speakers use it as the first language. It’s the official language of over 20 countries, and in the United States, there are 41 million speakers. Those facts give you the perfect reason to learn Spanish as an international language. One of the best reasons to learn Spanish is that one can make it more possible to find a job. There’s a place for Spanish in every career (生涯) field. Doctors will have patients that speak Spanish, traders will buy things from Latin American companies and reporters will provide news written in Spanish.
Spanish is known as the starting for learning other Romance languages. Many of the words and phrases used in Italian, French and Latin are similar to each other. For example, the Italian word for “thank you” is “grazie” and the Spanish word for “thank you” is “gracias”. The Portuguese (葡萄牙语) word for “hello” is “olá”, and the Spanish word for “hello” is “hola”.
There are so many amazing methods for learning Spanish. A popular method that most people use is the app Duolingo because it’s convenient and great. A similar method is listening to a podcast (播客), like Coffee Break Spanish that prepares for different Spanish levels. Neither of these can break the bank because they’re free (免费的).
JMU also offers chances to practice Spanish speaking. The Spanish Club meets every week to discuss culture, practice speaking Spanish and plan events. The Foreign Language Department organizes language tables where students can practice conversations in Spanish with other students. Signa Delta Pi is a Spanish honor society for students who study Spanish.
( )23．The first two paragraphs tells us that Spanish is ________.
A．worth learning in a university
B．hard to speak in public places
C．the most widely used language in the world
D．only spoken by perfect students in a university
( )24．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．Spanish is quite similar to English
B．Italian speakers may learn Spanish easily
C．a word has many different meanings in Spanish
D．Spanish appeared the earliest in the ancient time
( )25．The last two paragraphs give us the information about ________.
A．the cost of learning Spanish B．several ways of learning Spanish
C．the advantages of learning Spanish D．some popular clubs of learning Spanish
( )26．In this passage, the writer mainly shows the opinions by ________.
A．quoting sayings B．telling a story
C．comparing the facts D．giving examples
D
Unless you don’t like cookies, you’ll pick the plate with three cookies instead of two.
Being able to tell more from less is one of the most basic math talents. And it’s one that a surprising number of animals have. A robin（知更鸟）will pick the piece of wood with more mealworms. A salamander（蝾螈）will pick the box with more fruit flies.
Animals will even pick more of something when it means they get less in all. Horses, for example, will go for three tiny apples over two much larger ones.
But animals do not have math class - why would they need to count?
Being able to know the larger of two groups is useful to animals in lots of ways. It helps them pick the tree with more food, or run to the larger group of friends for protection. For example, if a shark comes, a fish in a group of 40 is less likely to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10. So if a fish makes a decision between two groups, it’s better to join the larger one.
Many animals can also do a simple form of counting, finding out how many of something there is. Even animals we don’t usually think of as smart can tell the difference between one, two, and three. Fish and honeybees can be trained to get through a maze（迷宫） by choosing turns marked by a certain number of dots（点）-to find the way out, they have to count.
Some animals, including pigeons, parrots, crows, and mice, can count much higher than three. A pigeon（鸽子）can learn to peck（啄）a piece of wood 24 times -no more, no less-to get a treat. It can even remember its place and continue counting if stopped.
( )27．Paragraph 2 and 3 are mainly about the animals’ ability to ________.
A．peck wood 24 times B．get through a maze
C．tell more from less D．do a simple form of counting
( )28．How is the ability to tell more from less useful to animals according to Paragraph 5?
① It helps them enjoy more food. ②It helps them make more friends.
② ③It helps them stay safe from danger. ④It helps them get more treats.
A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④
( )29．From the example of the pigeon in the last paragraph, we can infer（推断）that ________.
A．pigeons can only count up to three B．pigeons learn to peck wood for treats
C．pigeons can continue pecking when stopped D．pigeons are much smarter than we think
( )30．The passage is mainly about ________ .
A．why some animals are good at counting
B．how animals develop their basic math talents
C．animals’ ability to count and remember numbers
D．the difference in the math talents between humans and animals
卷二
说明：本卷共有四大题，30小题，满分45分。
三、词汇运用（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15 分）
A.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。
nod beside European twenty-two leaf
31．I asked him if he could help me and he ________ with a smile.
32．The ________ FIFA World Cup 2022 will be held in Qatar from Nov.21 to Dec.18.
33．Luckily, I found a place to park my car ________ the busy 7-Eleven convenient store.
34．_________ landed on the surface of the water and moved with the waves quickly.
35．Many ________ had to leave their homes because of the war between Russia and Ukraine.
B.阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
For many people, life is much better now than before. People have more ways to ____36____ (创造) wealth. They have more spare time to enjoy themselves. They can ____37____ (买得起) to use lights. But there were only ____38____ (蜡烛) in the past. Medicine and diet are improving, and people are getting healthier and living longer. The ___39___ (角色) of women has changed too. They can have a good ____40____ (教育). And they can go to work even after getting ____41____ (结婚). But communication is changing fastest of all. Today, with the ____42____ (因特网), people can communicate easily with their friends all over the world. But in the past, people wrote to each other, so many ____43____ (邮递员) often worked very long hours a day outside in the winter cold or in the summer heat.
Not all the changes are good ones. Although transport and travel are easier today—more people drive cars instead of riding bikes, they ____44____ (很少地) take exercise every day. So they are not as fit as they were, Increasing traffic makes the roads more crowded than ever, and the air is badly polluted. We must work harder to _____45_____ (减少) pollution. Let’s take action!
四、语法填空（本题有10小题,每小题1分，共计10分）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Do you want to be happy? Follow these steps, please.
____46____(one) of all, be realistic. Nobody is happy all ____47____ time. It is common to have different feelings from day to day, month to month, and even year ____48____ year. At any time and at any age, it is possible to feel ____49____ (happy) than before.
Keep in good health. Nothing is more valuable than being ____50____ (health). Nothing is more likely to make you unhappy than ill health.
Live with your family and love ____51____ (they). No matter how busy you are at work, try to spend more time with your family, especially your ____52____ (child). Sometimes, they can really bring joy.
Raise a dog or a cat. Playing ____53____ pets can make you feel good. When you stay with your beloved pets, you may ____54____ (forget) all your trouble.
Keep in close touch with relatives and friends. You can’t beat their love and support. If you get unhappy ____55____ (easy), don’t be afraid to admit it. Be open to them and say how you feel and what you need.
五、任务型阅读（本题有5小题，共计5分）
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容，每空最多不得超过3个单词。
You’re in the shower when a brilliant idea comes to you. You just solved that problem that you are trying to solve for months. You think to yourself：why do my best ideas come to me in the shower? Because it’s the perfect place for creative thinking! A shower meets the 3 “Rs” of creativity：relaxation, repetition, and rest.
Relaxation
A warm shower is relaxing, allowing your mind to wander (漫步). It’s in a small and safe space where you feel comfortable. It is most likely the only time you can get away from the daily stresses of life and be alone during the day. When you relax, your brain releases dopamine (多巴胺)and it helps pass information between neurons (神经细胞).
Repetition
Research reveals you are more likely to be creative when you are doing something uninteresting and repetitive like exercising or showering. We spend 40% of our time on autopilot (自动运行). Being in the shower is one of those times of the day when your brain are on autopilot.
Rest
Research shows when you rest, the network in your brain becomes active. It will make you focus on goal-oriented information and your imagination take wing at the same time.
Relaxation, repetitive tasks, and rest are important things that encourage creative thinking. According to research, the 3 “Rs” is why 72% of people get creative ideas in the shower and it is your creative sweet spot (地点). Creativity often comes when you least expect it.
56．________
57．________
58．________
59．________
60．________
六、书面表达（本题有1小题,共计15分）
61．假如你是学生李华，你班将召开线上学习经验分享主题班会。请根据以下要点写一篇英文短文与同学们进行交流，介绍你在居家线上学习期间上好网课的方法，并表达你的想法。
（1）课前准备好书本和笔，打开电脑。
（2）认真听讲，积极回答提问。
（3）记录学习内容，按时完成作业。
（4）注意保护眼睛和锻炼身体。
（5）你认为网课……
要求：
（1）词数：80~100个。
（2）题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
How to Have Online Classes Better
We have had online classes for several weeks. Here I’d like to share ___________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
卷一
说明：本卷共有两大题，30小题，满分45分。
一、完形填空〔本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计l5分）
阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Growing up, I understood one thing about my dad：He seemed to ____1____ everything. This was our relationship：I asked him questions and he told me the ____2____. Is there really a man on the moon? How do sailboats work? ____3____ is the highest score anyone’s ever gotten in PacMan?
In my teen years, he ____4____ me things I’d need to know to live in the real world：How to drive a car safely; how to check the car; the correct ____5____ to use to peel (剥落) an apple and so on.
When I moved out on my own ____6____ the age of 18, I called him at least once a week. I called him, usually ____7____ something broke in my house and I needed to know how to fix it：the toilet, the air conditioning, the wall, once, when I threw a shoe at a ____8____ mouse. But then, finally, I needed him less. I got ____9____ and my husband had most of the knowledge I didn’t have about doing housework, painting walls, cleaning the toilet and cooking. For ____10____ else, we had the Internet.
I don’t know when it happened, I don’t know why, either. But our conversations ____11____ six words. Me：“Hi, Dad.” Him：“Hi, sweets. Here’s Mom.”
I loved my father, of course, but I wondered at times if maybe he had ____12____ shared everything I needed to know. Maybe I’d heard all of his ____13____. Maybe, after knowing a man for 40 years, there’s nothing left to say. I realized something must be done to change the ____14____. I visited him often and talked about the things happened when I was young with him. We had dinner together. We traveled together. We ____15____ the beautiful scenery of the world together. The relationship between Dad and me rebuilt.
( )1．A．know B．interest C．like D．admire
( )2．A．difficulties B．questions C．answers D．problems
( )3．A．When B．What C．Where D．Who
( )4．A．gave B．brought C．taught D．drew
( )5．A．knife B．pen C．eraser D．box
( )6．A．in B．of C．with D．at
( )7．A．although B．unless C．when D．until
( )8．A．scary B．busy C．lazy D．happy
( )9．A．worried B．surprised C．excited D．married
( )10．A．somebody B．everything C．anybody D．nothing
( )11．A．threw into B．came from C．turned into D．showed up
( )12．A．yet B．already C．often D．always
( )13．A．books B．jobs C．habits D．stories
( )14．A．situation B．subject C．sign D．scene
( )15．A．described B．recalled C．saw D．imagined
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C
【解析】本文介绍作者小的时候，很依赖父亲，有什么不会的都问父亲。但是结婚以后，有了丈夫和网络，跟父亲的话少了。所以作者决定做一些事去改变这种情况。她经常看望父亲、聊小时候的事情、一起旅行看世界的美景。
1．句意：他看起来知道一切。
know知道；interest感兴趣；like喜欢；admire钦佩。根据“This was our relationship：I asked him questions and he told me the...”可知作者一直问爸爸问题，看起来爸爸好像知道一切。故选A。
2．句意：我问他问题，他告诉我答案。
difficulties困难；questions问题；answers答案；problems难题。根据“ I asked him questions and he told me the ...”可知作者问问题，爸爸告诉答案。故选C。
3．句意：在吃豆人游戏中拿到的 最高分是多少？
When何时；What什么；Where哪里；Who谁。根据“...is the highest score anyone’ s ever gotten in PacMan?”可知此处询问最高分是多少，用What引导特殊疑问句。故选B。
4．句意：在我十几岁时，他教会我生活在这个真实世界上需要知道的事：如何安全开车；如何检查车；用来削苹果皮正确的刀等等。
gave给；brought带来；taught教；drew画画。根据“How to drive a car safely; how to check the car;”可知这些事情是父亲教给他的。故选C。
5．句意：我十几岁时，他教会我生活在这个真实世界上需要知道的事：如何安全开车；如何检查车；用来削苹果皮正确的刀等等。
knife刀；pen钢笔；eraser橡皮；box盒子。根据“... to use to peel (剥落) an apple and so on.”可知此处指削苹果皮的工具。故选A。
6．句意：当我十八岁时自己搬出去生活时，我每周至少给他打一次电话。
in在……里面；of……的；with和；at在某处。at the age of表示“几岁时”。故选D。
7．句意：我通常在有东西进入我的房子，我需要知道如何修理厕所、空调或者墙时给他打电话，一次是在我拿这鞋扔可怕的老鼠时。
although尽管；unless除非；when何时；until直到。根据“something broke in my house and I needed to know how to fix it：the toilet, the air conditioning, the wall.”可知此处用when引导的时间状语从句，表示什么时候作者会给父亲打电话。故选C。
8．句意：我通常在有东西进入我的房子，我需要知道如何修理厕所、空调或者墙时给他打电话，一次是在我拿这鞋扔可怕的老鼠时。
scary吓人的；busy忙碌的；lazy懒惰的；happy高兴的。根据“when I threw a shoe at a...mouse.”可知老鼠很吓人，所以作者拿鞋扔它。故选A。
9．句意：我结婚了，我丈夫有大多数我没有的知识，做家务、粉刷墙、清理马桶和做饭。
worried担心的；surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的；married已婚的。get married表示“结婚”。故选D。
10．句意：对于其他方面，我们有了网络。
somebody某人；everything每件事；anybody任何人；nothing没什么事。根据“my husband had most of the knowledge I didn’t have about doing housework, painting walls, cleaning the toilet and cooking.”可知对于其他事情，他们可以上网查，everything else表示“其他方面”。故选B。
11．句意：但是我们的对话变成了六个词。
threw into扔进；came from来自；turned into变成；showed up出现。根据“But our conversations ...six words.”可知由于有了丈夫和网络的帮忙，作者和父亲的话少了，变成了六个词。故选C。
12．句意：当然，我爱我的父亲，但我有时会想，也许他已经和我分享了我需要知道的一切。
yet还没；already已经；often经常；always总是。根据“I wondered at times if maybe he had ...shared everything I needed to know.”可知此处用现在完成时表达父亲已经分享了一切。故选B。
13．句意：也许我已经听说了他所有故事。
books书；jobs工作；habits习惯；stories故事。根据“Maybe I’d heard all of his”可知此处指父亲的故事。故选D。
14．句意：我意识到我必须做一些事去改变这个情况。
situation情况；subject学科；sign标志；scene景象。根据“Maybe, after knowing a man for 40 years, there’s nothing left to say. ”可知作者想改变自己跟父亲没话说的情况。故选A。
15．句意：我们一起去看世界的美丽景色。
described描绘；recalled回想；saw看见；imagined想象。根据“the beautiful scenery of the world”可知此处指去看美景。故选C。
二、阅读理解（本题有l5小题，每小题2分，共计30分）
阅读下面四篇材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Doodles (涂鸦) about your character (性格)!
You are a person who feels a lot and gets influenced by others. You often put on a strong front and never show your vulnerable side (脆弱的一面). When something upsets you, you can talk about it with your friends so that you don’t get nervous.
You are a person who is full of energy and can find joy in everything you do. You dream of living life to the fullest. One of your greatest fears is being bored. You need to take a careful look at life and start making better choices.
You’re a person who is ambitious (有雄心的) and organized. You don’t like laziness and work very hard. But sometimes you may become self-centered. Whenever a friend tries to share a story of them with you, you bring the focus (焦点) to yourself, talking about your life. You should try to be a better listener.
You are a person who is smart.You have strong self-control. You follow your dreams without comparing yourself to others. Sometimes you should come out of your comfort zone (舒适区) and try new things that get your heart racing.
( )16．If you always love life and are afraid of being bored, which picture may you like?
A．Picture 1. B．Picture 2 C．Picture 3. D．Picture 4.
( )17．For a boy who is ambitious but a little self-centered, what advice can he get according to the passage?
A．Talk with his friends about the things he’s worried.
B．Look at his life carefully and make better choices.
C．Be a better listener when his friends are in trouble.
D．Step out of his comfort zone and try something new.
( )18．This passage is probably a/an ________.
A．art competition B．news report C．health survey D．character test
【答案】
16．B 17．C 18．D
【解析】本文主要介绍了四种不同性格，以及给出这种性格的人的一些建议。
16．细节理解题。根据“You dream of living life to the fullest. One of your greatest fears is being bored.”可知如果你总是热爱生活，害怕无聊，你可能会喜欢第二张图片，故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“You don’t like laziness and work very hard. But sometimes you may become self-centered...You should try to be a better listener.”可知应该努力做一个更好的倾听者，选项C“当他的朋友有困难时，做一个更好的倾听者。”符合要求，故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据“Doodles (涂鸦) about your character (性格)!”以及表格的叙述内容可知，本文主要介绍的是关于人的性格的，所有文章很有可能来自一个性格测试。故选D。
B
Feeling sad is an important part of human nature.
Jerome Wakefield, a professor at New York University, mentions that feeling down after your heart is broken is normal and may even be beneficial. Recently, Wakefield’s students have been coming up to him because their parents are pressuring them to get help for their sadness; often the kids want no part of it. Rather than “listen to medicine,” they want to listen to their hearts. He believes these students’ reaction represents an important part of human nature.
Professor Diener, who has studied happiness for a quarter century, finds that the Scots and many other peoples like being sad, and don’t appreciate being told they should be happier. “They say too much happiness might not be such a good thing no matter where it comes from,” says Diener. He believes it’s wrong for the “happiness industry” to send the message that not only can we all be happier, but we have a duty to be so. He argues that what is considered normal sadness is something we shouldn’t avoid.
Eric Wilson, a professor at Wake Forest University, made every effort to smooth out his habitual frown（皱眉）and wear a sunny smile, since a happy expression can lead to happy feelings. He even tried to be enthusiastic. When neither of these made him happy he concluded that such a happiness movement was no good for him at all. Americans, love for happiness, he writes, creates an environment where sadness is not valued.
These researchers believe the problem of continuous, extreme happiness should not be surprising, since negative emotions developed for a reason. Fear warns us against the presence of danger, for instance. Sadness, too, seems to be part of our DNA：monkeys, dogs and elephants all display something that looks like sadness. Being “up” all the time can cause you to play down very real threats.
They believe that only by experiencing sadness can we experience the fullness of the human condition. Their studies show that when you are in a negative frame of mind, you become more logical and more creative. Abraham Lincoln was not limited by his dark moods, and Beethoven composed his later works in a sad state. Vincent van Gogh, Emily Dickinson and other artistic giants saw the world through a glass darkly.
People who are somewhat unhappy are more motivated to improve both their own lot and the lot of their community. In contrast, people at the top of the happiness charts feel no such urgency（迫切需要）. “If you’re totally satisfied with your life,” says Diener, “you don’t feel like working for change. Be careful when people tell you that you should be happier.”
( )19．According to Jerome Wakefield, the students refuse to get help for their sadness because ________.
A．they believe they have a duty to be happy
B．they prefer to experience sadness themselves
C．they think it useless to take medicine for sadness
D．they trust their professors more than their parents
( )20．From the article we can learn that ________.
A．experiencing sadness may help artists create their works
B．sadness will make people aware of the meaning of happiness
C．if you tell the Scots to be happier, they will be grateful to you
D．Eric Wilson managed to achieve happiness by avoiding sadness
( )21．What does the underlined phrase “smooth out” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．carry on B．make out C．get rid of D．pay attention to
( )22．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Value of Sadness B．People Prefer Sadness
C．How to Become Happier D．Happiness Could Be Harmful
【答案】
19．B 20．A 21．C 22．A
【解析】本文主要讲述悲伤的情绪是人性的一个重要部分及几位教授的研究结果。
19．细节理解题。根据“Wakefield’s students have been coming up to him because their parents are pressuring them to get help for their sadness; often the kids want no part of it. Rather than “listen to medicine,” they want to listen to their hearts.”可知，学生们不想为自己的悲伤寻求帮助，他们想倾听自己的内心，也就是他们宁愿自己体验悲伤。故选B。
20．推理判断题。根据“Their studies show that when you are in a negative frame of mind, you become more logical and more creative... Vincent van Gogh, Emily Dickinson and other artistic giants saw the world through a glass darkly.”可知，当你处于消极心态时，你会变得更有逻辑，更有创造力，且后面给出了具体的例子，由此推测经历悲伤可以帮助艺术家创造作品。故选A。
21．词义猜测题。根据“Eric Wilson…made every effort to smooth out his habitual frown（皱眉）and wear a sunny smile, since a happy expression can lead to happy feelings. ”可知，Eric Wilson竭尽全力消除他习惯性的皱眉，而且要面带微笑，因为快乐的表情可以带来快乐的感觉。故猜测“smooth out”意为“避免，消除”，与“get rid of”同义。故选C。
22．最佳标题题。文章通过例子讲述了悲伤是人性的重要组成部分，并对悲伤对人们的积极影响作出了简要的阐述，说明悲伤是一种很重要的情绪。故选A。
C
James Madison University (JMU) offers different languages to learn, from French to Ancient Greek and Italian. Spanish is one of the most useful languages to learn.
Spanish (西班牙语) is the second most spoken language in the world. Around 460 million speakers use it as the first language. It’s the official language of over 20 countries, and in the United States, there are 41 million speakers. Those facts give you the perfect reason to learn Spanish as an international language. One of the best reasons to learn Spanish is that one can make it more possible to find a job. There’s a place for Spanish in every career (生涯) field. Doctors will have patients that speak Spanish, traders will buy things from Latin American companies and reporters will provide news written in Spanish.
Spanish is known as the starting for learning other Romance languages. Many of the words and phrases used in Italian, French and Latin are similar to each other. For example, the Italian word for “thank you” is “grazie” and the Spanish word for “thank you” is “gracias”. The Portuguese (葡萄牙语) word for “hello” is “olá”, and the Spanish word for “hello” is “hola”.
There are so many amazing methods for learning Spanish. A popular method that most people use is the app Duolingo because it’s convenient and great. A similar method is listening to a podcast (播客), like Coffee Break Spanish that prepares for different Spanish levels. Neither of these can break the bank because they’re free (免费的).
JMU also offers chances to practice Spanish speaking. The Spanish Club meets every week to discuss culture, practice speaking Spanish and plan events. The Foreign Language Department organizes language tables where students can practice conversations in Spanish with other students. Signa Delta Pi is a Spanish honor society for students who study Spanish.
( )23．The first two paragraphs tells us that Spanish is ________.
A．worth learning in a university
B．hard to speak in public places
C．the most widely used language in the world
D．only spoken by perfect students in a university
( )24．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．Spanish is quite similar to English
B．Italian speakers may learn Spanish easily
C．a word has many different meanings in Spanish
D．Spanish appeared the earliest in the ancient time
( )25．The last two paragraphs give us the information about ________.
A．the cost of learning Spanish B．several ways of learning Spanish
C．the advantages of learning Spanish D．some popular clubs of learning Spanish
( )26．In this passage, the writer mainly shows the opinions by ________.
A．quoting sayings B．telling a story
C．comparing the facts D．giving examples
【答案】
23．A 24．B 25．B 26．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍西班牙语是世界上最有用的语言之一以及学习西班牙语的一些方法。
23．推理判断题。根据“Spanish is one of the most useful languages to learn.”可知，西班牙语是最有用的语言之一，所以它值得在大学里学习。故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据“Spanish is known as the starting for learning other Romance languages. Many of the words and phrases used in Italian, French and Latin are similar to each other.”可知，西班牙语被认为是学习其他罗曼斯语言的开端，意大利语、法语和拉丁语中使用的许多单词和短语彼此相似，由此可知西班牙语和意大利语都属于罗曼斯语言，它们有相似之处，所以一个讲意大利语的人可能很容易学会西班牙语。故选B。
25．主旨大意题。通读最后两段和“There are so many amazing methods for learning Spanish.”可知，这两段主要介绍了学习西班牙语的一些方法。故选B。
26．推理判断题。第二段中“Doctors will have patients that speak Spanish, traders will buy things from Latin American companies and reporters will provide news written in Spanish.”是解释前一句“西班牙语在每个职业领域都有一席之地”的例子；第三段中“For example, the Italian word for ‘thank you is ‘grazie’ and the Spanish word for ‘thank you’ is ‘gracias’. The Portuguese word for ‘hello’ is ‘olá’, and the Spanish word for ‘hello’ is ‘hola’.”是解释前一句“西班牙语被认为是学习其他罗曼斯语言的开端。意大利语、法语和拉丁语中使用的许多单词和短语彼此相似”的例子等等；由以上可知，本文作者主要通过举例来表达自己的观点。故选D。
D
Unless you don’t like cookies, you’ll pick the plate with three cookies instead of two.
Being able to tell more from less is one of the most basic math talents. And it’s one that a surprising number of animals have. A robin（知更鸟）will pick the piece of wood with more mealworms. A salamander（蝾螈）will pick the box with more fruit flies.
Animals will even pick more of something when it means they get less in all. Horses, for example, will go for three tiny apples over two much larger ones.
But animals do not have math class - why would they need to count?
Being able to know the larger of two groups is useful to animals in lots of ways. It helps them pick the tree with more food, or run to the larger group of friends for protection. For example, if a shark comes, a fish in a group of 40 is less likely to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10. So if a fish makes a decision between two groups, it’s better to join the larger one.
Many animals can also do a simple form of counting, finding out how many of something there is. Even animals we don’t usually think of as smart can tell the difference between one, two, and three. Fish and honeybees can be trained to get through a maze（迷宫） by choosing turns marked by a certain number of dots（点）-to find the way out, they have to count.
Some animals, including pigeons, parrots, crows, and mice, can count much higher than three. A pigeon（鸽子）can learn to peck（啄）a piece of wood 24 times -no more, no less-to get a treat. It can even remember its place and continue counting if stopped.
( )27．Paragraph 2 and 3 are mainly about the animals’ ability to ________.
A．peck wood 24 times B．get through a maze
C．tell more from less D．do a simple form of counting
( )28．How is the ability to tell more from less useful to animals according to Paragraph 5?
①It helps them enjoy more food. ②It helps them make more friends.
③It helps them stay safe from danger. ④It helps them get more treats.
A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④
( )29．From the example of the pigeon in the last paragraph, we can infer（推断）that ________.
A．pigeons can only count up to three B．pigeons learn to peck wood for treats
C．pigeons can continue pecking when stopped D．pigeons are much smarter than we think
( )30．The passage is mainly about ________ .
A．why some animals are good at counting
B．how animals develop their basic math talents
C．animals’ ability to count and remember numbers
D．the difference in the math talents between humans and animals
【答案】
27．C 28．B 29．D 30．C
【解析】本文主要介绍了动物计算和记忆数字的能力。
27．推理判断题。根据“Being able to tell more from less is one of the most basic math talents”以及“Animals will even pick more of something when it means they get less in all”可知第二段和第三段主要是关于动物区分多与少的能力，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“Being able to know the larger of two groups is useful to animals in lots of ways. It helps them pick the tree with more food,”以及“For example, if a shark comes, a fish in a group of 40 is less likely to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10.”可知区分多与少的能力可以帮助它们享受更多的食物以及帮助它们远离危险，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据“A pigeon（鸽子） can learn to peck（啄） a piece of wood 24 times -no more, no less-to get a treat. It can even remember its place and continue counting if stopped.”一只鸽子可以学会啄食一块木头24次——不多也不少——来获得食物。它甚至能记住自己的位置，如果停止了还能继续计数。可推知鸽子比我们想象的聪明得多，故选D。
30．主旨大意题。根据“Being able to tell more from less is one of the most basic math talents. And it’s one that a surprising number of animals have”以及通读全文可知本文主要介绍了动物计算和记忆数字的能力，故选C。
卷二
说明：本卷共有四大题，30小题，满分45分。
三、词汇运用（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15 分）
A.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。
nod beside European twenty-two leaf
31．I asked him if he could help me and he ________ with a smile.
32．The ________ FIFA World Cup 2022 will be held in Qatar from Nov.21 to Dec.18.
33．Luckily, I found a place to park my car ________ the busy 7-Eleven convenient store.
34．_________ landed on the surface of the water and moved with the waves quickly.
35．Many ________ had to leave their homes because of the war between Russia and Ukraine.
【答案】
31．nodded
32．twenty-second
33．beside
34．Leaves
35．Europeans
【解析】
31．句意：我问他是否能帮助我，他微笑着点头。根据“I asked him if he could help me”可知，我问他能否帮助我，他同意，应点头。nod“点头”，是动词，根据“asked”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填nodded。
32．句意：2022年第22届世界杯将于11月21日至12月18日在卡塔尔举行。此处描述第几届世界杯，用序数词，twenty-two表示“22”，是基数词，其序数词是twenty-second，故填twenty-second。
33．句意：幸运的是，我在繁华的7- 11便利店旁边找到了一个停车的地方。根据“I found a place to park my car”可知，此处表示停车的地方，用地点状语，beside“在旁边”，是介词，故填beside。
34．句意：树叶落在水面上，迅速地随着波浪移动。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少主语，用名词，根据“landed on the surface of the water”可知，树叶落在水面上，leaf“树叶”，结合句意，落在水面上的树叶不止一个，因此用复数名词，故填Leaves。
35．句意：因为俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的战争，许多欧洲人不得不离开他们的家。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少主语，用名词，根据句意可知，此处表示离开家的人，European“欧洲人”。根据“their”可知，此处用复数名词，故填Europeans。
B.阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
For many people, life is much better now than before. People have more ways to ____36____ (创造) wealth. They have more spare time to enjoy themselves. They can ____37____ (买得起) to use lights. But there were only ____38____ (蜡烛) in the past. Medicine and diet are improving, and people are getting healthier and living longer. The ___39___ (角色) of women has changed too. They can have a good ____40____ (教育). And they can go to work even after getting ____41____ (结婚). But communication is changing fastest of all. Today, with the ____42____ (因特网), people can communicate easily with their friends all over the world. But in the past, people wrote to each other, so many ____43____ (邮递员) often worked very long hours a day outside in the winter cold or in the summer heat.
Not all the changes are good ones. Although transport and travel are easier today—more people drive cars instead of riding bikes, they ____44____ (很少地) take exercise every day. So they are not as fit as they were, Increasing traffic makes the roads more crowded than ever, and the air is badly polluted. We must work harder to _____45_____ (减少) pollution. Let’s take action!
【答案】
36．create
37．afford
38．candles
39．role
40．education
41．married
42．Internet
43．postmen
44．seldom
45．reduce
【解析】本文主要讲对大多数人来说，现在的生活在很多方面都比以前好很多，但并不是所有的改变都是好的。
36．句意：人们有更多的方式来创造财富。根据“ways”可知，此处是固定搭配，have more ways to do something“做某事有更多的方法”，动词不定式作后置定语。故填create。
37．句意：他们用得起灯。此处“can”属于情态动词，后面加动词原形。afford“支付得起；能抽出；承受得起；提供”。故填afford。
38．句意：但是在过去仅有蜡烛。根据“were”可以判断蜡烛要用复数形式。candle“蜡烛”，其复数形式为candles。故填candles。
39．句意：女性的角色发生了改变。根据本题所在句子中的“has”可知，主语是可数名词单数形式；The role of women“女性的这个角色”，属于第三人称单数。故填role。
40．句意：她们可以拥有良好的教育。good是形容词，形容词修饰名词，可知此处应填一个名词；又根据本句中“a”可知，名词是单数形式。educate“教育”，其名词形式为education。故填education。
41．句意：并且甚至结婚后，她们还可以去工作。根据“getting”可知，get的作用在此处相当于be动词，后跟形容词；marry动词，“结婚”，形容词是married“已婚的；有配偶的”。故填married。
42．句意：今天，有了互联网，人们可以很容易地与世界各地的朋友交流。根据汉语提示可知，Internet“因特网”是专属名词，首字母要大写。故填Internet。
43．句意：但是在过去，人们互相写信，所以很多邮递员经常在冬天寒冷或夏天炎热的时候每天在外面工作很长时间。根据“so many”可知，此处名词要用复数形式；postman“邮递员”，其复数形式为postmen。故填postmen。
44．句意：他们每天很少做运动。根据汉语提示可知，seldom副词，“很少，不常”，修饰整个句子。故填seldom。
45．句意：我们必须更加努力地减少污染。此处“to”是不定式符号，后跟动词原形，动词不定式表目的。reduce“减少”。故填reduce。
四、语法填空（本题有10小题,每小题1分，共计10分）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Do you want to be happy? Follow these steps, please.
____46____(one) of all, be realistic. Nobody is happy all ____47____ time. It is common to have different feelings from day to day, month to month, and even year ____48____ year. At any time and at any age, it is possible to feel ____49____ (happy) than before.
Keep in good health. Nothing is more valuable than being ____50____ (health). Nothing is more likely to make you unhappy than ill health.
Live with your family and love ____51____ (they). No matter how busy you are at work, try to spend more time with your family, especially your ____52____ (child). Sometimes, they can really bring joy.
Raise a dog or a cat. Playing ____53____ pets can make you feel good. When you stay with your beloved pets, you may ____54____ (forget) all your trouble.
Keep in close touch with relatives and friends. You can’t beat their love and support. If you get unhappy ____55____ (easy), don’t be afraid to admit it. Be open to them and say how you feel and what you need.
【答案】
46．First
47．the
48．to
49．happier
50．healthy
51．them
52．children
53．with
54．forget
55．easily
【解析】本文主要介绍了让自己开心的方法。
46．句意：首先，现实一点。first of all“首先”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填First 。
47．句意：没有人是一直快乐的。all the time“一直”，故填the。
48．句意：每天、每月、甚至每年都有不同的感受，这是很正常的。根据“from day to day, month to month”可知，与day to day保持一致，因此to符合句意，故填to。
49．句意：在任何时候，任何年龄，都有可能感到比以前更快乐。根据“than”可知，需要比较级，happy的比较级是happier，故填happier。
50．句意：没有什么比健康更有价值。根据“being”可知，需要形容词，health的形容词是healthy，故填healthy。
51．句意：和你的家人住在一起，爱他们。根据“love”可知，动词后用人称宾格，they的宾格是them，故填them。
52．句意：无论你的工作有多忙，都要多花时间陪伴家人，尤其是孩子。根据“Sometimes, they can really bring joy.”可知，they代替上文的孩子，因此用复数，child的复数是children，故填children。
53．句意：和宠物玩会让你感觉很好。根据“Playing”可知，和宠物玩，play with“和……玩”，因此with符合句意，故填with。
54．句意：当你和你心爱的宠物在一起时，你可能会忘记所有的烦恼。根据“may”可知，情态动词后接动词原形，故填forget。
55．句意：如果你很容易不快乐，不要害怕承认。根据“get unhappy”可知，副词修饰动词，easy的副词是easily，故填easily。
五、任务型阅读（本题有5小题，共计5分）
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容，每空最多不得超过3个单词。
You’re in the shower when a brilliant idea comes to you. You just solved that problem that you are trying to solve for months. You think to yourself：why do my best ideas come to me in the shower? Because it’s the perfect place for creative thinking! A shower meets the 3 “Rs” of creativity：relaxation, repetition, and rest.
Relaxation
A warm shower is relaxing, allowing your mind to wander (漫步). It’s in a small and safe space where you feel comfortable. It is most likely the only time you can get away from the daily stresses of life and be alone during the day. When you relax, your brain releases dopamine (多巴胺)and it helps pass information between neurons (神经细胞).
Repetition
Research reveals you are more likely to be creative when you are doing something uninteresting and repetitive like exercising or showering. We spend 40% of our time on autopilot (自动运行). Being in the shower is one of those times of the day when your brain are on autopilot.
Rest
Research shows when you rest, the network in your brain becomes active. It will make you focus on goal-oriented information and your imagination take wing at the same time.
Relaxation, repetitive tasks, and rest are important things that encourage creative thinking. According to research, the 3 “Rs” is why 72% of people get creative ideas in the shower and it is your creative sweet spot (地点). Creativity often comes when you least expect it.
56．________
57．________
58．________
59．________
60．________
【答案】
56．Why
57．helps
58．get away
59．creative
60．72%
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人在洗澡时更容易产生创造性想法的三个原因。
56．根据文章第一段中的“why do my best ideas come to me in the shower?”可知，为什么淋浴时我会想到我最好的主意，所以空缺处用why“为什么”，首字母大写，故填Why。
57．根据文章第二段中的“When you relax, your brain releases dopamine (多巴胺) and it helps pass information between neurons (神经细胞)”可知，当你放松时，你的大脑会释放多巴胺，帮助神经元之间传递信息，空前的“Dopamine”是第三人称单数，此处时态是一般现在时，所以动词help“帮助”也用第三人称单数helps，故填helps。
58．根据文章第二段中的“It is most likely the only time you can get away from the daily stresses of life”可知，洗澡让你远离日常生活的压力，空前的“makes”是使役动词，后面接省略to的不定式，动词短语get away from“远离”，故填get away。
59．根据文章第三段中的“Research reveals you are more likely to be creative when you are doing something uninteresting and repetitive like exercising or showering”可知，当人们做重复的事情时，他们是有创造力的，creative意为“有创造力的”，故填creative。
60．根据文章最后一段中的“the 3 “Rs” is why 72% of people get creative ideas in the shower”可知，百分之七十二的人会在洗澡时想到有创造性的想法，故填72%。
六、书面表达（本题有1小题,共计15分）
61．假如你是学生李华，你班将召开线上学习经验分享主题班会。请根据以下要点写一篇英文短文与同学们进行交流，介绍你在居家线上学习期间上好网课的方法，并表达你的想法。
（1）课前准备好书本和笔，打开电脑。
（2）认真听讲，积极回答提问。
（3）记录学习内容，按时完成作业。
（4）注意保护眼睛和锻炼身体。
（5）你认为网课……
要求：
（1）词数：80~100个。
（2）题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
How to Have Online Classes Better
We have had online classes for several weeks. Here I’d like to share ___________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
How to Have Online Classes Better
We have had online classes for several weeks. Here I’d like to share some ways to take online courses.
First, get your books and pens ready before class. Second, turn on the computer. During the class, we should listen carefully and answer questions actively. We should also take notes and finish homework on time. Remember to take care of your eyes and exercise more.
I think online courses are very important and we should try our best to learn them well.
2022温州市初中学业水平考试英语模拟试卷
卷一
说明：本卷共有两大题，30小题，满分45分。
一、完形填空〔本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计l5分）
阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Growing up, I understood one thing about my dad：He seemed to ____1____ everything. This was our relationship：I asked him questions and he told me the ____2____. Is there really a man on the moon? How do sailboats work? ____3____ is the highest score anyone’s ever gotten in PacMan?
In my teen years, he ____4____ me things I’d need to know to live in the real world：How to drive a car safely; how to check the car; the correct ____5____ to use to peel (剥落) an apple and so on.
When I moved out on my own ____6____ the age of 18, I called him at least once a week. I called him, usually ____7____ something broke in my house and I needed to know how to fix it：the toilet, the air conditioning, the wall, once, when I threw a shoe at a ____8____ mouse. But then, finally, I needed him less. I got ____9____ and my husband had most of the knowledge I didn’t have about doing housework, painting walls, cleaning the toilet and cooking. For ____10____ else, we had the Internet.
I don’t know when it happened, I don’t know why, either. But our conversations ____11____ six words. Me：“Hi, Dad.” Him：“Hi, sweets. Here’s Mom.”
I loved my father, of course, but I wondered at times if maybe he had ____12____ shared everything I needed to know. Maybe I’d heard all of his ____13____. Maybe, after knowing a man for 40 years, there’s nothing left to say. I realized something must be done to change the ____14____. I visited him often and talked about the things happened when I was young with him. We had dinner together. We traveled together. We ____15____ the beautiful scenery of the world together. The relationship between Dad and me rebuilt.
( )1．A．know B．interest C．like D．admire
( )2．A．difficulties B．questions C．answers D．problems
( )3．A．When B．What C．Where D．Who
( )4．A．gave B．brought C．taught D．drew
( )5．A．knife B．pen C．eraser D．box
( )6．A．in B．of C．with D．at
( )7．A．although B．unless C．when D．until
( )8．A．scary B．busy C．lazy D．happy
( )9．A．worried B．surprised C．excited D．married
( )10．A．somebody B．everything C．anybody D．nothing
( )11．A．threw into B．came from C．turned into D．showed up
( )12．A．yet B．already C．often D．always
( )13．A．books B．jobs C．habits D．stories
( )14．A．situation B．subject C．sign D．scene
( )15．A．described B．recalled C．saw D．imagined
二、阅读理解（本题有l5小题，每小题2分，共计30分）
阅读下面四篇材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Doodles (涂鸦) about your character (性格)!
You are a person who feels a lot and gets influenced by others. You often put on a strong front and never show your vulnerable side (脆弱的一面). When something upsets you, you can talk about it with your friends so that you don’t get nervous.
You are a person who is full of energy and can find joy in everything you do. You dream of living life to the fullest. One of your greatest fears is being bored. You need to take a careful look at life and start making better choices.
You’re a person who is ambitious (有雄心的) and organized. You don’t like laziness and work very hard. But sometimes you may become self-centered. Whenever a friend tries to share a story of them with you, you bring the focus (焦点) to yourself, talking about your life. You should try to be a better listener.
You are a person who is smart.You have strong self-control. You follow your dreams without comparing yourself to others. Sometimes you should come out of your comfort zone (舒适区) and try new things that get your heart racing.
( )16．If you always love life and are afraid of being bored, which picture may you like?
A．Picture 1. B．Picture 2 C．Picture 3. D．Picture 4.
( )17．For a boy who is ambitious but a little self-centered, what advice can he get according to the passage?
A．Talk with his friends about the things he’s worried.
B．Look at his life carefully and make better choices.
C．Be a better listener when his friends are in trouble.
D．Step out of his comfort zone and try something new.
( )18．This passage is probably a/an ________.
A．art competition B．news report C．health survey D．character test
B
Feeling sad is an important part of human nature.
Jerome Wakefield, a professor at New York University, mentions that feeling down after your heart is broken is normal and may even be beneficial. Recently, Wakefield’s students have been coming up to him because their parents are pressuring them to get help for their sadness; often the kids want no part of it. Rather than “listen to medicine,” they want to listen to their hearts. He believes these students’ reaction represents an important part of human nature.
Professor Diener, who has studied happiness for a quarter century, finds that the Scots and many other peoples like being sad, and don’t appreciate being told they should be happier. “They say too much happiness might not be such a good thing no matter where it comes from,” says Diener. He believes it’s wrong for the “happiness industry” to send the message that not only can we all be happier, but we have a duty to be so. He argues that what is considered normal sadness is something we shouldn’t avoid.
Eric Wilson, a professor at Wake Forest University, made every effort to smooth out his habitual frown（皱眉）and wear a sunny smile, since a happy expression can lead to happy feelings. He even tried to be enthusiastic. When neither of these made him happy he concluded that such a happiness movement was no good for him at all. Americans, love for happiness, he writes, creates an environment where sadness is not valued.
These researchers believe the problem of continuous, extreme happiness should not be surprising, since negative emotions developed for a reason. Fear warns us against the presence of danger, for instance. Sadness, too, seems to be part of our DNA：monkeys, dogs and elephants all display something that looks like sadness. Being “up” all the time can cause you to play down very real threats.
They believe that only by experiencing sadness can we experience the fullness of the human condition. Their studies show that when you are in a negative frame of mind, you become more logical and more creative. Abraham Lincoln was not limited by his dark moods, and Beethoven composed his later works in a sad state. Vincent van Gogh, Emily Dickinson and other artistic giants saw the world through a glass darkly.
People who are somewhat unhappy are more motivated to improve both their own lot and the lot of their community. In contrast, people at the top of the happiness charts feel no such urgency（迫切需要）. “If you’re totally satisfied with your life,” says Diener, “you don’t feel like working for change. Be careful when people tell you that you should be happier.”
( )19．According to Jerome Wakefield, the students refuse to get help for their sadness because ________.
A．they believe they have a duty to be happy
B．they prefer to experience sadness themselves
C．they think it useless to take medicine for sadness
D．they trust their professors more than their parents
( )20．From the article we can learn that ________.
A．experiencing sadness may help artists create their works
B．sadness will make people aware of the meaning of happiness
C．if you tell the Scots to be happier, they will be grateful to you
D．Eric Wilson managed to achieve happiness by avoiding sadness
( )21．What does the underlined phrase “smooth out” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．carry on B．make out C．get rid of D．pay attention to
( )22．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Value of Sadness B．People Prefer Sadness
C．How to Become Happier D．Happiness Could Be Harmful
C
James Madison University (JMU) offers different languages to learn, from French to Ancient Greek and Italian. Spanish is one of the most useful languages to learn.
Spanish (西班牙语) is the second most spoken language in the world. Around 460 million speakers use it as the first language. It’s the official language of over 20 countries, and in the United States, there are 41 million speakers. Those facts give you the perfect reason to learn Spanish as an international language. One of the best reasons to learn Spanish is that one can make it more possible to find a job. There’s a place for Spanish in every career (生涯) field. Doctors will have patients that speak Spanish, traders will buy things from Latin American companies and reporters will provide news written in Spanish.
Spanish is known as the starting for learning other Romance languages. Many of the words and phrases used in Italian, French and Latin are similar to each other. For example, the Italian word for “thank you” is “grazie” and the Spanish word for “thank you” is “gracias”. The Portuguese (葡萄牙语) word for “hello” is “olá”, and the Spanish word for “hello” is “hola”.
There are so many amazing methods for learning Spanish. A popular method that most people use is the app Duolingo because it’s convenient and great. A similar method is listening to a podcast (播客), like Coffee Break Spanish that prepares for different Spanish levels. Neither of these can break the bank because they’re free (免费的).
JMU also offers chances to practice Spanish speaking. The Spanish Club meets every week to discuss culture, practice speaking Spanish and plan events. The Foreign Language Department organizes language tables where students can practice conversations in Spanish with other students. Signa Delta Pi is a Spanish honor society for students who study Spanish.
( )23．The first two paragraphs tells us that Spanish is ________.
A．worth learning in a university
B．hard to speak in public places
C．the most widely used language in the world
D．only spoken by perfect students in a university
( )24．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．Spanish is quite similar to English
B．Italian speakers may learn Spanish easily
C．a word has many different meanings in Spanish
D．Spanish appeared the earliest in the ancient time
( )25．The last two paragraphs give us the information about ________.
A．the cost of learning Spanish B．several ways of learning Spanish
C．the advantages of learning Spanish D．some popular clubs of learning Spanish
( )26．In this passage, the writer mainly shows the opinions by ________.
A．quoting sayings B．telling a story
C．comparing the facts D．giving examples
D
Unless you don’t like cookies, you’ll pick the plate with three cookies instead of two.
Being able to tell more from less is one of the most basic math talents. And it’s one that a surprising number of animals have. A robin（知更鸟）will pick the piece of wood with more mealworms. A salamander（蝾螈）will pick the box with more fruit flies.
Animals will even pick more of something when it means they get less in all. Horses, for example, will go for three tiny apples over two much larger ones.
But animals do not have math class - why would they need to count?
Being able to know the larger of two groups is useful to animals in lots of ways. It helps them pick the tree with more food, or run to the larger group of friends for protection. For example, if a shark comes, a fish in a group of 40 is less likely to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10. So if a fish makes a decision between two groups, it’s better to join the larger one.
Many animals can also do a simple form of counting, finding out how many of something there is. Even animals we don’t usually think of as smart can tell the difference between one, two, and three. Fish and honeybees can be trained to get through a maze（迷宫） by choosing turns marked by a certain number of dots（点）-to find the way out, they have to count.
Some animals, including pigeons, parrots, crows, and mice, can count much higher than three. A pigeon（鸽子）can learn to peck（啄）a piece of wood 24 times -no more, no less-to get a treat. It can even remember its place and continue counting if stopped.
( )27．Paragraph 2 and 3 are mainly about the animals’ ability to ________.
A．peck wood 24 times B．get through a maze
C．tell more from less D．do a simple form of counting
( )28．How is the ability to tell more from less useful to animals according to Paragraph 5?
① It helps them enjoy more food. ②It helps them make more friends.
② ③It helps them stay safe from danger. ④It helps them get more treats.
A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④
( )29．From the example of the pigeon in the last paragraph, we can infer（推断）that ________.
A．pigeons can only count up to three B．pigeons learn to peck wood for treats
C．pigeons can continue pecking when stopped D．pigeons are much smarter than we think
( )30．The passage is mainly about ________ .
A．why some animals are good at counting
B．how animals develop their basic math talents
C．animals’ ability to count and remember numbers
D．the difference in the math talents between humans and animals
卷二
说明：本卷共有四大题，30小题，满分45分。
三、词汇运用（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15 分）
A.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。
nod beside European twenty-two leaf
31．I asked him if he could help me and he ________ with a smile.
32．The ________ FIFA World Cup 2022 will be held in Qatar from Nov.21 to Dec.18.
33．Luckily, I found a place to park my car ________ the busy 7-Eleven convenient store.
34．_________ landed on the surface of the water and moved with the waves quickly.
35．Many ________ had to leave their homes because of the war between Russia and Ukraine.
B.阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
For many people, life is much better now than before. People have more ways to ____36____ (创造) wealth. They have more spare time to enjoy themselves. They can ____37____ (买得起) to use lights. But there were only ____38____ (蜡烛) in the past. Medicine and diet are improving, and people are getting healthier and living longer. The ___39___ (角色) of women has changed too. They can have a good ____40____ (教育). And they can go to work even after getting ____41____ (结婚). But communication is changing fastest of all. Today, with the ____42____ (因特网), people can communicate easily with their friends all over the world. But in the past, people wrote to each other, so many ____43____ (邮递员) often worked very long hours a day outside in the winter cold or in the summer heat.
Not all the changes are good ones. Although transport and travel are easier today—more people drive cars instead of riding bikes, they ____44____ (很少地) take exercise every day. So they are not as fit as they were, Increasing traffic makes the roads more crowded than ever, and the air is badly polluted. We must work harder to _____45_____ (减少) pollution. Let’s take action!
四、语法填空（本题有10小题,每小题1分，共计10分）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Do you want to be happy? Follow these steps, please.
____46____(one) of all, be realistic. Nobody is happy all ____47____ time. It is common to have different feelings from day to day, month to month, and even year ____48____ year. At any time and at any age, it is possible to feel ____49____ (happy) than before.
Keep in good health. Nothing is more valuable than being ____50____ (health). Nothing is more likely to make you unhappy than ill health.
Live with your family and love ____51____ (they). No matter how busy you are at work, try to spend more time with your family, especially your ____52____ (child). Sometimes, they can really bring joy.
Raise a dog or a cat. Playing ____53____ pets can make you feel good. When you stay with your beloved pets, you may ____54____ (forget) all your trouble.
Keep in close touch with relatives and friends. You can’t beat their love and support. If you get unhappy ____55____ (easy), don’t be afraid to admit it. Be open to them and say how you feel and what you need.
五、任务型阅读（本题有5小题，共计5分）
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容，每空最多不得超过3个单词。
You’re in the shower when a brilliant idea comes to you. You just solved that problem that you are trying to solve for months. You think to yourself：why do my best ideas come to me in the shower? Because it’s the perfect place for creative thinking! A shower meets the 3 “Rs” of creativity：relaxation, repetition, and rest.
Relaxation
A warm shower is relaxing, allowing your mind to wander (漫步). It’s in a small and safe space where you feel comfortable. It is most likely the only time you can get away from the daily stresses of life and be alone during the day. When you relax, your brain releases dopamine (多巴胺)and it helps pass information between neurons (神经细胞).
Repetition
Research reveals you are more likely to be creative when you are doing something uninteresting and repetitive like exercising or showering. We spend 40% of our time on autopilot (自动运行). Being in the shower is one of those times of the day when your brain are on autopilot.
Rest
Research shows when you rest, the network in your brain becomes active. It will make you focus on goal-oriented information and your imagination take wing at the same time.
Relaxation, repetitive tasks, and rest are important things that encourage creative thinking. According to research, the 3 “Rs” is why 72% of people get creative ideas in the shower and it is your creative sweet spot (地点). Creativity often comes when you least expect it.
56．________
57．________
58．________
59．________
60．________
六、书面表达（本题有1小题,共计15分）
61．假如你是学生李华，你班将召开线上学习经验分享主题班会。请根据以下要点写一篇英文短文与同学们进行交流，介绍你在居家线上学习期间上好网课的方法，并表达你的想法。
（1）课前准备好书本和笔，打开电脑。
（2）认真听讲，积极回答提问。
（3）记录学习内容，按时完成作业。
（4）注意保护眼睛和锻炼身体。
（5）你认为网课……
要求：
（1）词数：80~100个。
（2）题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
How to Have Online Classes Better
We have had online classes for several weeks. Here I’d like to share ___________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
卷一
说明：本卷共有两大题，30小题，满分45分。
一、完形填空〔本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计l5分）
阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Growing up, I understood one thing about my dad：He seemed to ____1____ everything. This was our relationship：I asked him questions and he told me the ____2____. Is there really a man on the moon? How do sailboats work? ____3____ is the highest score anyone’s ever gotten in PacMan?
In my teen years, he ____4____ me things I’d need to know to live in the real world：How to drive a car safely; how to check the car; the correct ____5____ to use to peel (剥落) an apple and so on.
When I moved out on my own ____6____ the age of 18, I called him at least once a week. I called him, usually ____7____ something broke in my house and I needed to know how to fix it：the toilet, the air conditioning, the wall, once, when I threw a shoe at a ____8____ mouse. But then, finally, I needed him less. I got ____9____ and my husband had most of the knowledge I didn’t have about doing housework, painting walls, cleaning the toilet and cooking. For ____10____ else, we had the Internet.
I don’t know when it happened, I don’t know why, either. But our conversations ____11____ six words. Me：“Hi, Dad.” Him：“Hi, sweets. Here’s Mom.”
I loved my father, of course, but I wondered at times if maybe he had ____12____ shared everything I needed to know. Maybe I’d heard all of his ____13____. Maybe, after knowing a man for 40 years, there’s nothing left to say. I realized something must be done to change the ____14____. I visited him often and talked about the things happened when I was young with him. We had dinner together. We traveled together. We ____15____ the beautiful scenery of the world together. The relationship between Dad and me rebuilt.
( )1．A．know B．interest C．like D．admire
( )2．A．difficulties B．questions C．answers D．problems
( )3．A．When B．What C．Where D．Who
( )4．A．gave B．brought C．taught D．drew
( )5．A．knife B．pen C．eraser D．box
( )6．A．in B．of C．with D．at
( )7．A．although B．unless C．when D．until
( )8．A．scary B．busy C．lazy D．happy
( )9．A．worried B．surprised C．excited D．married
( )10．A．somebody B．everything C．anybody D．nothing
( )11．A．threw into B．came from C．turned into D．showed up
( )12．A．yet B．already C．often D．always
( )13．A．books B．jobs C．habits D．stories
( )14．A．situation B．subject C．sign D．scene
( )15．A．described B．recalled C．saw D．imagined
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C
【解析】本文介绍作者小的时候，很依赖父亲，有什么不会的都问父亲。但是结婚以后，有了丈夫和网络，跟父亲的话少了。所以作者决定做一些事去改变这种情况。她经常看望父亲、聊小时候的事情、一起旅行看世界的美景。
1．句意：他看起来知道一切。
know知道；interest感兴趣；like喜欢；admire钦佩。根据“This was our relationship：I asked him questions and he told me the...”可知作者一直问爸爸问题，看起来爸爸好像知道一切。故选A。
2．句意：我问他问题，他告诉我答案。
difficulties困难；questions问题；answers答案；problems难题。根据“ I asked him questions and he told me the ...”可知作者问问题，爸爸告诉答案。故选C。
3．句意：在吃豆人游戏中拿到的 最高分是多少？
When何时；What什么；Where哪里；Who谁。根据“...is the highest score anyone’ s ever gotten in PacMan?”可知此处询问最高分是多少，用What引导特殊疑问句。故选B。
4．句意：在我十几岁时，他教会我生活在这个真实世界上需要知道的事：如何安全开车；如何检查车；用来削苹果皮正确的刀等等。
gave给；brought带来；taught教；drew画画。根据“How to drive a car safely; how to check the car;”可知这些事情是父亲教给他的。故选C。
5．句意：我十几岁时，他教会我生活在这个真实世界上需要知道的事：如何安全开车；如何检查车；用来削苹果皮正确的刀等等。
knife刀；pen钢笔；eraser橡皮；box盒子。根据“... to use to peel (剥落) an apple and so on.”可知此处指削苹果皮的工具。故选A。
6．句意：当我十八岁时自己搬出去生活时，我每周至少给他打一次电话。
in在……里面；of……的；with和；at在某处。at the age of表示“几岁时”。故选D。
7．句意：我通常在有东西进入我的房子，我需要知道如何修理厕所、空调或者墙时给他打电话，一次是在我拿这鞋扔可怕的老鼠时。
although尽管；unless除非；when何时；until直到。根据“something broke in my house and I needed to know how to fix it：the toilet, the air conditioning, the wall.”可知此处用when引导的时间状语从句，表示什么时候作者会给父亲打电话。故选C。
8．句意：我通常在有东西进入我的房子，我需要知道如何修理厕所、空调或者墙时给他打电话，一次是在我拿这鞋扔可怕的老鼠时。
scary吓人的；busy忙碌的；lazy懒惰的；happy高兴的。根据“when I threw a shoe at a...mouse.”可知老鼠很吓人，所以作者拿鞋扔它。故选A。
9．句意：我结婚了，我丈夫有大多数我没有的知识，做家务、粉刷墙、清理马桶和做饭。
worried担心的；surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的；married已婚的。get married表示“结婚”。故选D。
10．句意：对于其他方面，我们有了网络。
somebody某人；everything每件事；anybody任何人；nothing没什么事。根据“my husband had most of the knowledge I didn’t have about doing housework, painting walls, cleaning the toilet and cooking.”可知对于其他事情，他们可以上网查，everything else表示“其他方面”。故选B。
11．句意：但是我们的对话变成了六个词。
threw into扔进；came from来自；turned into变成；showed up出现。根据“But our conversations ...six words.”可知由于有了丈夫和网络的帮忙，作者和父亲的话少了，变成了六个词。故选C。
12．句意：当然，我爱我的父亲，但我有时会想，也许他已经和我分享了我需要知道的一切。
yet还没；already已经；often经常；always总是。根据“I wondered at times if maybe he had ...shared everything I needed to know.”可知此处用现在完成时表达父亲已经分享了一切。故选B。
13．句意：也许我已经听说了他所有故事。
books书；jobs工作；habits习惯；stories故事。根据“Maybe I’d heard all of his”可知此处指父亲的故事。故选D。
14．句意：我意识到我必须做一些事去改变这个情况。
situation情况；subject学科；sign标志；scene景象。根据“Maybe, after knowing a man for 40 years, there’s nothing left to say. ”可知作者想改变自己跟父亲没话说的情况。故选A。
15．句意：我们一起去看世界的美丽景色。
described描绘；recalled回想；saw看见；imagined想象。根据“the beautiful scenery of the world”可知此处指去看美景。故选C。
二、阅读理解（本题有l5小题，每小题2分，共计30分）
阅读下面四篇材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Doodles (涂鸦) about your character (性格)!
You are a person who feels a lot and gets influenced by others. You often put on a strong front and never show your vulnerable side (脆弱的一面). When something upsets you, you can talk about it with your friends so that you don’t get nervous.
You are a person who is full of energy and can find joy in everything you do. You dream of living life to the fullest. One of your greatest fears is being bored. You need to take a careful look at life and start making better choices.
You’re a person who is ambitious (有雄心的) and organized. You don’t like laziness and work very hard. But sometimes you may become self-centered. Whenever a friend tries to share a story of them with you, you bring the focus (焦点) to yourself, talking about your life. You should try to be a better listener.
You are a person who is smart.You have strong self-control. You follow your dreams without comparing yourself to others. Sometimes you should come out of your comfort zone (舒适区) and try new things that get your heart racing.
( )16．If you always love life and are afraid of being bored, which picture may you like?
A．Picture 1. B．Picture 2 C．Picture 3. D．Picture 4.
( )17．For a boy who is ambitious but a little self-centered, what advice can he get according to the passage?
A．Talk with his friends about the things he’s worried.
B．Look at his life carefully and make better choices.
C．Be a better listener when his friends are in trouble.
D．Step out of his comfort zone and try something new.
( )18．This passage is probably a/an ________.
A．art competition B．news report C．health survey D．character test
【答案】
16．B 17．C 18．D
【解析】本文主要介绍了四种不同性格，以及给出这种性格的人的一些建议。
16．细节理解题。根据“You dream of living life to the fullest. One of your greatest fears is being bored.”可知如果你总是热爱生活，害怕无聊，你可能会喜欢第二张图片，故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“You don’t like laziness and work very hard. But sometimes you may become self-centered...You should try to be a better listener.”可知应该努力做一个更好的倾听者，选项C“当他的朋友有困难时，做一个更好的倾听者。”符合要求，故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据“Doodles (涂鸦) about your character (性格)!”以及表格的叙述内容可知，本文主要介绍的是关于人的性格的，所有文章很有可能来自一个性格测试。故选D。
B
Feeling sad is an important part of human nature.
Jerome Wakefield, a professor at New York University, mentions that feeling down after your heart is broken is normal and may even be beneficial. Recently, Wakefield’s students have been coming up to him because their parents are pressuring them to get help for their sadness; often the kids want no part of it. Rather than “listen to medicine,” they want to listen to their hearts. He believes these students’ reaction represents an important part of human nature.
Professor Diener, who has studied happiness for a quarter century, finds that the Scots and many other peoples like being sad, and don’t appreciate being told they should be happier. “They say too much happiness might not be such a good thing no matter where it comes from,” says Diener. He believes it’s wrong for the “happiness industry” to send the message that not only can we all be happier, but we have a duty to be so. He argues that what is considered normal sadness is something we shouldn’t avoid.
Eric Wilson, a professor at Wake Forest University, made every effort to smooth out his habitual frown（皱眉）and wear a sunny smile, since a happy expression can lead to happy feelings. He even tried to be enthusiastic. When neither of these made him happy he concluded that such a happiness movement was no good for him at all. Americans, love for happiness, he writes, creates an environment where sadness is not valued.
These researchers believe the problem of continuous, extreme happiness should not be surprising, since negative emotions developed for a reason. Fear warns us against the presence of danger, for instance. Sadness, too, seems to be part of our DNA：monkeys, dogs and elephants all display something that looks like sadness. Being “up” all the time can cause you to play down very real threats.
They believe that only by experiencing sadness can we experience the fullness of the human condition. Their studies show that when you are in a negative frame of mind, you become more logical and more creative. Abraham Lincoln was not limited by his dark moods, and Beethoven composed his later works in a sad state. Vincent van Gogh, Emily Dickinson and other artistic giants saw the world through a glass darkly.
People who are somewhat unhappy are more motivated to improve both their own lot and the lot of their community. In contrast, people at the top of the happiness charts feel no such urgency（迫切需要）. “If you’re totally satisfied with your life,” says Diener, “you don’t feel like working for change. Be careful when people tell you that you should be happier.”
( )19．According to Jerome Wakefield, the students refuse to get help for their sadness because ________.
A．they believe they have a duty to be happy
B．they prefer to experience sadness themselves
C．they think it useless to take medicine for sadness
D．they trust their professors more than their parents
( )20．From the article we can learn that ________.
A．experiencing sadness may help artists create their works
B．sadness will make people aware of the meaning of happiness
C．if you tell the Scots to be happier, they will be grateful to you
D．Eric Wilson managed to achieve happiness by avoiding sadness
( )21．What does the underlined phrase “smooth out” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．carry on B．make out C．get rid of D．pay attention to
( )22．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Value of Sadness B．People Prefer Sadness
C．How to Become Happier D．Happiness Could Be Harmful
【答案】
19．B 20．A 21．C 22．A
【解析】本文主要讲述悲伤的情绪是人性的一个重要部分及几位教授的研究结果。
19．细节理解题。根据“Wakefield’s students have been coming up to him because their parents are pressuring them to get help for their sadness; often the kids want no part of it. Rather than “listen to medicine,” they want to listen to their hearts.”可知，学生们不想为自己的悲伤寻求帮助，他们想倾听自己的内心，也就是他们宁愿自己体验悲伤。故选B。
20．推理判断题。根据“Their studies show that when you are in a negative frame of mind, you become more logical and more creative... Vincent van Gogh, Emily Dickinson and other artistic giants saw the world through a glass darkly.”可知，当你处于消极心态时，你会变得更有逻辑，更有创造力，且后面给出了具体的例子，由此推测经历悲伤可以帮助艺术家创造作品。故选A。
21．词义猜测题。根据“Eric Wilson…made every effort to smooth out his habitual frown（皱眉）and wear a sunny smile, since a happy expression can lead to happy feelings. ”可知，Eric Wilson竭尽全力消除他习惯性的皱眉，而且要面带微笑，因为快乐的表情可以带来快乐的感觉。故猜测“smooth out”意为“避免，消除”，与“get rid of”同义。故选C。
22．最佳标题题。文章通过例子讲述了悲伤是人性的重要组成部分，并对悲伤对人们的积极影响作出了简要的阐述，说明悲伤是一种很重要的情绪。故选A。
C
James Madison University (JMU) offers different languages to learn, from French to Ancient Greek and Italian. Spanish is one of the most useful languages to learn.
Spanish (西班牙语) is the second most spoken language in the world. Around 460 million speakers use it as the first language. It’s the official language of over 20 countries, and in the United States, there are 41 million speakers. Those facts give you the perfect reason to learn Spanish as an international language. One of the best reasons to learn Spanish is that one can make it more possible to find a job. There’s a place for Spanish in every career (生涯) field. Doctors will have patients that speak Spanish, traders will buy things from Latin American companies and reporters will provide news written in Spanish.
Spanish is known as the starting for learning other Romance languages. Many of the words and phrases used in Italian, French and Latin are similar to each other. For example, the Italian word for “thank you” is “grazie” and the Spanish word for “thank you” is “gracias”. The Portuguese (葡萄牙语) word for “hello” is “olá”, and the Spanish word for “hello” is “hola”.
There are so many amazing methods for learning Spanish. A popular method that most people use is the app Duolingo because it’s convenient and great. A similar method is listening to a podcast (播客), like Coffee Break Spanish that prepares for different Spanish levels. Neither of these can break the bank because they’re free (免费的).
JMU also offers chances to practice Spanish speaking. The Spanish Club meets every week to discuss culture, practice speaking Spanish and plan events. The Foreign Language Department organizes language tables where students can practice conversations in Spanish with other students. Signa Delta Pi is a Spanish honor society for students who study Spanish.
( )23．The first two paragraphs tells us that Spanish is ________.
A．worth learning in a university
B．hard to speak in public places
C．the most widely used language in the world
D．only spoken by perfect students in a university
( )24．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．Spanish is quite similar to English
B．Italian speakers may learn Spanish easily
C．a word has many different meanings in Spanish
D．Spanish appeared the earliest in the ancient time
( )25．The last two paragraphs give us the information about ________.
A．the cost of learning Spanish B．several ways of learning Spanish
C．the advantages of learning Spanish D．some popular clubs of learning Spanish
( )26．In this passage, the writer mainly shows the opinions by ________.
A．quoting sayings B．telling a story
C．comparing the facts D．giving examples
【答案】
23．A 24．B 25．B 26．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍西班牙语是世界上最有用的语言之一以及学习西班牙语的一些方法。
23．推理判断题。根据“Spanish is one of the most useful languages to learn.”可知，西班牙语是最有用的语言之一，所以它值得在大学里学习。故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据“Spanish is known as the starting for learning other Romance languages. Many of the words and phrases used in Italian, French and Latin are similar to each other.”可知，西班牙语被认为是学习其他罗曼斯语言的开端，意大利语、法语和拉丁语中使用的许多单词和短语彼此相似，由此可知西班牙语和意大利语都属于罗曼斯语言，它们有相似之处，所以一个讲意大利语的人可能很容易学会西班牙语。故选B。
25．主旨大意题。通读最后两段和“There are so many amazing methods for learning Spanish.”可知，这两段主要介绍了学习西班牙语的一些方法。故选B。
26．推理判断题。第二段中“Doctors will have patients that speak Spanish, traders will buy things from Latin American companies and reporters will provide news written in Spanish.”是解释前一句“西班牙语在每个职业领域都有一席之地”的例子；第三段中“For example, the Italian word for ‘thank you is ‘grazie’ and the Spanish word for ‘thank you’ is ‘gracias’. The Portuguese word for ‘hello’ is ‘olá’, and the Spanish word for ‘hello’ is ‘hola’.”是解释前一句“西班牙语被认为是学习其他罗曼斯语言的开端。意大利语、法语和拉丁语中使用的许多单词和短语彼此相似”的例子等等；由以上可知，本文作者主要通过举例来表达自己的观点。故选D。
D
Unless you don’t like cookies, you’ll pick the plate with three cookies instead of two.
Being able to tell more from less is one of the most basic math talents. And it’s one that a surprising number of animals have. A robin（知更鸟）will pick the piece of wood with more mealworms. A salamander（蝾螈）will pick the box with more fruit flies.
Animals will even pick more of something when it means they get less in all. Horses, for example, will go for three tiny apples over two much larger ones.
But animals do not have math class - why would they need to count?
Being able to know the larger of two groups is useful to animals in lots of ways. It helps them pick the tree with more food, or run to the larger group of friends for protection. For example, if a shark comes, a fish in a group of 40 is less likely to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10. So if a fish makes a decision between two groups, it’s better to join the larger one.
Many animals can also do a simple form of counting, finding out how many of something there is. Even animals we don’t usually think of as smart can tell the difference between one, two, and three. Fish and honeybees can be trained to get through a maze（迷宫） by choosing turns marked by a certain number of dots（点）-to find the way out, they have to count.
Some animals, including pigeons, parrots, crows, and mice, can count much higher than three. A pigeon（鸽子）can learn to peck（啄）a piece of wood 24 times -no more, no less-to get a treat. It can even remember its place and continue counting if stopped.
( )27．Paragraph 2 and 3 are mainly about the animals’ ability to ________.
A．peck wood 24 times B．get through a maze
C．tell more from less D．do a simple form of counting
( )28．How is the ability to tell more from less useful to animals according to Paragraph 5?
①It helps them enjoy more food. ②It helps them make more friends.
③It helps them stay safe from danger. ④It helps them get more treats.
A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④
( )29．From the example of the pigeon in the last paragraph, we can infer（推断）that ________.
A．pigeons can only count up to three B．pigeons learn to peck wood for treats
C．pigeons can continue pecking when stopped D．pigeons are much smarter than we think
( )30．The passage is mainly about ________ .
A．why some animals are good at counting
B．how animals develop their basic math talents
C．animals’ ability to count and remember numbers
D．the difference in the math talents between humans and animals
【答案】
27．C 28．B 29．D 30．C
【解析】本文主要介绍了动物计算和记忆数字的能力。
27．推理判断题。根据“Being able to tell more from less is one of the most basic math talents”以及“Animals will even pick more of something when it means they get less in all”可知第二段和第三段主要是关于动物区分多与少的能力，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“Being able to know the larger of two groups is useful to animals in lots of ways. It helps them pick the tree with more food,”以及“For example, if a shark comes, a fish in a group of 40 is less likely to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10.”可知区分多与少的能力可以帮助它们享受更多的食物以及帮助它们远离危险，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据“A pigeon（鸽子） can learn to peck（啄） a piece of wood 24 times -no more, no less-to get a treat. It can even remember its place and continue counting if stopped.”一只鸽子可以学会啄食一块木头24次——不多也不少——来获得食物。它甚至能记住自己的位置，如果停止了还能继续计数。可推知鸽子比我们想象的聪明得多，故选D。
30．主旨大意题。根据“Being able to tell more from less is one of the most basic math talents. And it’s one that a surprising number of animals have”以及通读全文可知本文主要介绍了动物计算和记忆数字的能力，故选C。
卷二
说明：本卷共有四大题，30小题，满分45分。
三、词汇运用（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15 分）
A.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。
nod beside European twenty-two leaf
31．I asked him if he could help me and he ________ with a smile.
32．The ________ FIFA World Cup 2022 will be held in Qatar from Nov.21 to Dec.18.
33．Luckily, I found a place to park my car ________ the busy 7-Eleven convenient store.
34．_________ landed on the surface of the water and moved with the waves quickly.
35．Many ________ had to leave their homes because of the war between Russia and Ukraine.
【答案】
31．nodded
32．twenty-second
33．beside
34．Leaves
35．Europeans
【解析】
31．句意：我问他是否能帮助我，他微笑着点头。根据“I asked him if he could help me”可知，我问他能否帮助我，他同意，应点头。nod“点头”，是动词，根据“asked”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填nodded。
32．句意：2022年第22届世界杯将于11月21日至12月18日在卡塔尔举行。此处描述第几届世界杯，用序数词，twenty-two表示“22”，是基数词，其序数词是twenty-second，故填twenty-second。
33．句意：幸运的是，我在繁华的7- 11便利店旁边找到了一个停车的地方。根据“I found a place to park my car”可知，此处表示停车的地方，用地点状语，beside“在旁边”，是介词，故填beside。
34．句意：树叶落在水面上，迅速地随着波浪移动。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少主语，用名词，根据“landed on the surface of the water”可知，树叶落在水面上，leaf“树叶”，结合句意，落在水面上的树叶不止一个，因此用复数名词，故填Leaves。
35．句意：因为俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的战争，许多欧洲人不得不离开他们的家。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少主语，用名词，根据句意可知，此处表示离开家的人，European“欧洲人”。根据“their”可知，此处用复数名词，故填Europeans。
B.阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
For many people, life is much better now than before. People have more ways to ____36____ (创造) wealth. They have more spare time to enjoy themselves. They can ____37____ (买得起) to use lights. But there were only ____38____ (蜡烛) in the past. Medicine and diet are improving, and people are getting healthier and living longer. The ___39___ (角色) of women has changed too. They can have a good ____40____ (教育). And they can go to work even after getting ____41____ (结婚). But communication is changing fastest of all. Today, with the ____42____ (因特网), people can communicate easily with their friends all over the world. But in the past, people wrote to each other, so many ____43____ (邮递员) often worked very long hours a day outside in the winter cold or in the summer heat.
Not all the changes are good ones. Although transport and travel are easier today—more people drive cars instead of riding bikes, they ____44____ (很少地) take exercise every day. So they are not as fit as they were, Increasing traffic makes the roads more crowded than ever, and the air is badly polluted. We must work harder to _____45_____ (减少) pollution. Let’s take action!
【答案】
36．create
37．afford
38．candles
39．role
40．education
41．married
42．Internet
43．postmen
44．seldom
45．reduce
【解析】本文主要讲对大多数人来说，现在的生活在很多方面都比以前好很多，但并不是所有的改变都是好的。
36．句意：人们有更多的方式来创造财富。根据“ways”可知，此处是固定搭配，have more ways to do something“做某事有更多的方法”，动词不定式作后置定语。故填create。
37．句意：他们用得起灯。此处“can”属于情态动词，后面加动词原形。afford“支付得起；能抽出；承受得起；提供”。故填afford。
38．句意：但是在过去仅有蜡烛。根据“were”可以判断蜡烛要用复数形式。candle“蜡烛”，其复数形式为candles。故填candles。
39．句意：女性的角色发生了改变。根据本题所在句子中的“has”可知，主语是可数名词单数形式；The role of women“女性的这个角色”，属于第三人称单数。故填role。
40．句意：她们可以拥有良好的教育。good是形容词，形容词修饰名词，可知此处应填一个名词；又根据本句中“a”可知，名词是单数形式。educate“教育”，其名词形式为education。故填education。
41．句意：并且甚至结婚后，她们还可以去工作。根据“getting”可知，get的作用在此处相当于be动词，后跟形容词；marry动词，“结婚”，形容词是married“已婚的；有配偶的”。故填married。
42．句意：今天，有了互联网，人们可以很容易地与世界各地的朋友交流。根据汉语提示可知，Internet“因特网”是专属名词，首字母要大写。故填Internet。
43．句意：但是在过去，人们互相写信，所以很多邮递员经常在冬天寒冷或夏天炎热的时候每天在外面工作很长时间。根据“so many”可知，此处名词要用复数形式；postman“邮递员”，其复数形式为postmen。故填postmen。
44．句意：他们每天很少做运动。根据汉语提示可知，seldom副词，“很少，不常”，修饰整个句子。故填seldom。
45．句意：我们必须更加努力地减少污染。此处“to”是不定式符号，后跟动词原形，动词不定式表目的。reduce“减少”。故填reduce。
四、语法填空（本题有10小题,每小题1分，共计10分）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Do you want to be happy? Follow these steps, please.
____46____(one) of all, be realistic. Nobody is happy all ____47____ time. It is common to have different feelings from day to day, month to month, and even year ____48____ year. At any time and at any age, it is possible to feel ____49____ (happy) than before.
Keep in good health. Nothing is more valuable than being ____50____ (health). Nothing is more likely to make you unhappy than ill health.
Live with your family and love ____51____ (they). No matter how busy you are at work, try to spend more time with your family, especially your ____52____ (child). Sometimes, they can really bring joy.
Raise a dog or a cat. Playing ____53____ pets can make you feel good. When you stay with your beloved pets, you may ____54____ (forget) all your trouble.
Keep in close touch with relatives and friends. You can’t beat their love and support. If you get unhappy ____55____ (easy), don’t be afraid to admit it. Be open to them and say how you feel and what you need.
【答案】
46．First
47．the
48．to
49．happier
50．healthy
51．them
52．children
53．with
54．forget
55．easily
【解析】本文主要介绍了让自己开心的方法。
46．句意：首先，现实一点。first of all“首先”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填First 。
47．句意：没有人是一直快乐的。all the time“一直”，故填the。
48．句意：每天、每月、甚至每年都有不同的感受，这是很正常的。根据“from day to day, month to month”可知，与day to day保持一致，因此to符合句意，故填to。
49．句意：在任何时候，任何年龄，都有可能感到比以前更快乐。根据“than”可知，需要比较级，happy的比较级是happier，故填happier。
50．句意：没有什么比健康更有价值。根据“being”可知，需要形容词，health的形容词是healthy，故填healthy。
51．句意：和你的家人住在一起，爱他们。根据“love”可知，动词后用人称宾格，they的宾格是them，故填them。
52．句意：无论你的工作有多忙，都要多花时间陪伴家人，尤其是孩子。根据“Sometimes, they can really bring joy.”可知，they代替上文的孩子，因此用复数，child的复数是children，故填children。
53．句意：和宠物玩会让你感觉很好。根据“Playing”可知，和宠物玩，play with“和……玩”，因此with符合句意，故填with。
54．句意：当你和你心爱的宠物在一起时，你可能会忘记所有的烦恼。根据“may”可知，情态动词后接动词原形，故填forget。
55．句意：如果你很容易不快乐，不要害怕承认。根据“get unhappy”可知，副词修饰动词，easy的副词是easily，故填easily。
五、任务型阅读（本题有5小题，共计5分）
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容，每空最多不得超过3个单词。
You’re in the shower when a brilliant idea comes to you. You just solved that problem that you are trying to solve for months. You think to yourself：why do my best ideas come to me in the shower? Because it’s the perfect place for creative thinking! A shower meets the 3 “Rs” of creativity：relaxation, repetition, and rest.
Relaxation
A warm shower is relaxing, allowing your mind to wander (漫步). It’s in a small and safe space where you feel comfortable. It is most likely the only time you can get away from the daily stresses of life and be alone during the day. When you relax, your brain releases dopamine (多巴胺)and it helps pass information between neurons (神经细胞).
Repetition
Research reveals you are more likely to be creative when you are doing something uninteresting and repetitive like exercising or showering. We spend 40% of our time on autopilot (自动运行). Being in the shower is one of those times of the day when your brain are on autopilot.
Rest
Research shows when you rest, the network in your brain becomes active. It will make you focus on goal-oriented information and your imagination take wing at the same time.
Relaxation, repetitive tasks, and rest are important things that encourage creative thinking. According to research, the 3 “Rs” is why 72% of people get creative ideas in the shower and it is your creative sweet spot (地点). Creativity often comes when you least expect it.
56．________
57．________
58．________
59．________
60．________
【答案】
56．Why
57．helps
58．get away
59．creative
60．72%
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人在洗澡时更容易产生创造性想法的三个原因。
56．根据文章第一段中的“why do my best ideas come to me in the shower?”可知，为什么淋浴时我会想到我最好的主意，所以空缺处用why“为什么”，首字母大写，故填Why。
57．根据文章第二段中的“When you relax, your brain releases dopamine (多巴胺) and it helps pass information between neurons (神经细胞)”可知，当你放松时，你的大脑会释放多巴胺，帮助神经元之间传递信息，空前的“Dopamine”是第三人称单数，此处时态是一般现在时，所以动词help“帮助”也用第三人称单数helps，故填helps。
58．根据文章第二段中的“It is most likely the only time you can get away from the daily stresses of life”可知，洗澡让你远离日常生活的压力，空前的“makes”是使役动词，后面接省略to的不定式，动词短语get away from“远离”，故填get away。
59．根据文章第三段中的“Research reveals you are more likely to be creative when you are doing something uninteresting and repetitive like exercising or showering”可知，当人们做重复的事情时，他们是有创造力的，creative意为“有创造力的”，故填creative。
60．根据文章最后一段中的“the 3 “Rs” is why 72% of people get creative ideas in the shower”可知，百分之七十二的人会在洗澡时想到有创造性的想法，故填72%。
六、书面表达（本题有1小题,共计15分）
61．假如你是学生李华，你班将召开线上学习经验分享主题班会。请根据以下要点写一篇英文短文与同学们进行交流，介绍你在居家线上学习期间上好网课的方法，并表达你的想法。
（1）课前准备好书本和笔，打开电脑。
（2）认真听讲，积极回答提问。
（3）记录学习内容，按时完成作业。
（4）注意保护眼睛和锻炼身体。
（5）你认为网课……
要求：
（1）词数：80~100个。
（2）题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
How to Have Online Classes Better
We have had online classes for several weeks. Here I’d like to share ___________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
How to Have Online Classes Better
We have had online classes for several weeks. Here I’d like to share some ways to take online courses.
First, get your books and pens ready before class. Second, turn on the computer. During the class, we should listen carefully and answer questions actively. We should also take notes and finish homework on time. Remember to take care of your eyes and exercise more.
I think online courses are very important and we should try our best to learn them well.
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