（全国卷）2022届高考考前冲刺卷（二）—英语试题及答案

这是一份（全国卷）2022届高考考前冲刺卷（二）—英语试题及答案，共22页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答等内容，欢迎下载使用。
此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号

2022届高考考前冲刺卷
英语（二）
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Art Museum, CUHK
A unit of the Institute of Chinese Studies in the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), the Art Museum researches and displays a wide range of works of art. Exhibitions on Chinese art are held all year round.
Address: Art Museum, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories
Tel: +852 3943 7416
How to get there: MTR (香港地铁) University Station and take CUHK shuttle bus to Central Campus.
Hong Kong Arts Centre
Hong Kong Arts Centre has been focusing on contemporary arts and culture in Hong Kong and abroad since it was founded in 1977. It includes theatres, galleries, studios, a restaurant, a café as well as offices owned by local and international arts and culture organizations.
Address: 2 Harbor Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong Island
Tel: +852 2582 0200
How to get there: MTR Wan Chai Station Exit C, go straight to Harbor Road. Turn left to the Arts Centre.
Hong Kong Film Archive
Come here to be absorbed in the magic of Hong Kong’s splendid cinema history. Film lovers should be careful—you might never get out of the Resource Centre, which houses an enormous number of books, magazines, newspapers and audio-visual materials.
Address: 50 Lei King Road, Sai Wan Ho, Hong Kong Island
Tel: +852 2739 2139
How to get there: MTR Sai Wan Ho Station Exit A, walk through Tai Hong Street to Lei King Road for five minutes.
University Museum & Art Gallery, HKU
The University Museum & Art Gallery, in the University of Hong Kong (HKU), focuses on artistic and cultural experiences that are available to people from all walks of life. The museum houses over one thousand items of Chinese antiques, including bronzes and paintings.
Address: 90 Bonham Road, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong Island
Tel: +852 2241 5500
How to get there: MTR HKU Station Exit A.
1. Which of the following galleries does NOT locate in Hong Kong Island?
A. University Museum & Art Gallery, HKU. B. Hong Kong Arts Centre.
C. Hong Kong Film Archive. D. Art Museum, CUHK.
2. If you are looking for a book on Hong Kong film, which phone number will you call?
A. +852 2241 5500. B. +852 2739 2139.
C. +852 2582 0200. D. +852 3943 7416.
3. What do we know about University Museum & Art Gallery, HKU?
A. Visitors can find it on 90 Lei King Road.
B. It’s a good place to visit for traditional Chinese painting lovers.
C. Visitors can get there at University Station by subway.
D. It mainly focuses on contemporary arts and culture.
【答案】1-3 DBB
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了香港四个著名的艺术馆的基本信息，并向游客提供了它们的联系方式、地址和乘车方式。
1. 细节理解题。根据四个美术馆介绍中“Address”一栏可知，“Art Museum, CUHK”位于“New Territories”，其余三家都是位于“Hong Kong Island”。故选D项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三部分Hong Kong Film Archive(香港电影资料馆)中“houses an enormous number of books, magazines, newspapers and audio-visual materials.”可知，这里馆藏有大量的有关香港电影发展的书籍、报纸、杂志等资料。因此如果你在寻找有关香港电影的书，你可以联系香港电影资料馆，其电话号为+852 2739 2139。故选B项。
3. 推理判断题。根据University Museum & Art Gallery, HKU中“The museum houses over one thousand items of Chinese antiques, including bronzes and paintings.(博物馆收藏了一千多件中国古董，包括青铜器和油画。)”可知，该馆保存有中国画。因此，对于国画爱好者来说，这是一个参观的好地方。故选B项。
B
“The world’s loneliest elephant” Kaavan, has reached Cambodia-on a flight of over 4,000km from Pakistan-and will spend his days at the Cambodia Wildlife Sanctuary in the country’s northwest.
Animal experts began the task of airlifting Kaavan on November 29. His departure from Pakistan marks the end of a campaign led by local activists and American singer and actress Cher, who has been campaigning for the elephant's freedom since 2016. She is the co-founder of the NGO Free The Wild, which has played an important role in Kaavan’s relocation. Earlier in October, a veterinarian（兽医）from Four Paws, Dr Amir Khalil, took the responsibility of moving Kaavan, whose rescue has been described as “the heaviest one” the organization has undertaken. Cher tweeted to thank Pakistan's prime minister for making the rescue possible.
A special crate（板条箱）was especially built for the elephant，who weighs more than five tons and is more than three metres high. Kaavan was also trained by an elephant expert for several weeks to make sure that he could enter the crate safely. On the journey, Kaavan was accompanied by wildlife veterinarians and over 200kg of food. Kaavan is also Pakistan’s last Asian elephant and with his departure, the zoo where he was housed for over three decades may close soon, because many animals have been reported missing or dead in recent years. The zoo has repeatedly made headlines for its increasingly awful conditions.
According to the animal welfare organisation Four Paws, Kaavan came to the Pakistan zoo 35 years ago and shared his room with Saheli. After his “only companion” Saheli died in 2012, Kaavan was reported to be listless and even started showing signs of mental illness.
Luckily, Kaavan has found his relocation. Cambodian deputy environment minister Neth Pheaktra said, “Our zoo is pleased to welcome Kaavan. No longer will he be the world’s loneliest elephant. We expect to breed Kaavan with local elephants. This is an effort to save the gene.”
4. What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A. Kaavan is the heaviest elephant in the world.
B. Joint efforts have been made to rescue Kaavan.
C. Veterinarians tried to cure Kaavan of its diseases.
D. Experts helped Kaavan to adapt to his new home.
5. Why did Kaavan leave Pakistan for Cambodia?
A. Because Cambodia had more experienced experts.
B. Because his living conditions went from bad to worse.
C. Because it served as the bond between the two countries.
D. Because the Pakistan zoo he stayed in was to shut down.
6. Which of the following best explains “listless” underlined in paragraph 4?
A. Depressed. B. Useless. C. Dependent. D. Missing.
7. What will happen to Kaavan in the future?
A. He will get freedom.
B. He will be well trained.
C. He may live a long life.
D. He may have the next generation.
【答案】4-7 BBAD
【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。为“世界上最孤独的大象”卡万安排新家，体现了人类对动物的关爱。
4. 考查推理判断题。根据第一段中的：““The world's loneliest elephant” Kaavan,has reached Cambodia-on a flight of over 4,000km from Pakistan-.”第二段中的：“Animal experts began the task of airlifting Kaavan on November 29.”；“American singer and actress Cher, who has been campaigning for the elephant's freedom since 2016.”；“a veterinarian（兽医）from Four Paws, Dr Amir Khalil, took the responsibility of moving Kaavan,”等，可知是各方协同努力对卡万进行援救，故选B。
5. 考查细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句：“The zoo has repeatedly made headlines for its increasingly awful conditions.动物园因其日益恶劣的环境屡屡成为头条新闻。”可知B为正确选项。故选B。
6. 考查字句理解题。根据上文：“After his “only companion” Saheli died in 2012,”下文：“even started showing signs of mental illness.”可知只有A. Depressed. （很沮丧）符合这个意思。故选A。
7. 考查推理判断题。根据文章最后两句：“We expect to breed Kaavan with local elephants. This is an effort to save the gene.我们希望卡万能和当地的大象交配。这是一种拯救基因的努力。”可知D是正确答案。故选D。
C
NBC News published an opinion piece declaring that parents aren’t qualified to make decisions about school curricula for their children. The column, “Schools face parents who want to ban critical race theory and don’t get how teaching works”, written by author Christina Wyman was instantly roasted on social media.
“Parents and politicians across the country are getting their fingers into the curricula that public schools use to teach students. Some states are passing laws to keep critical race theory out of schools, and school libraries are coming under attack for containing books about gender. There are even parents who are trying to keep students away from learning about mental health and as though helping children build emotional strength is a bad thing,” Wyman wrote to kick off the piece.
“While the political climate and national involvement in school districts give the phenomenon a broader platform and have more serious impact, this behavior is nothing new. Parents have always tried to interfere(干涉) with curricula, as I observed when teaching middle school in the mid-2000s,” she continued. Wyman then compared parents wanting to have a say in what their children learn to people breaking into an operating room during surgery on their children. “These interventions are nothing more than theater, and school boards and administrators should be protecting their teachers and students from them rather than bowing to them,” she wrote.
Wyman, who spent some time discussing her own schooling and Ph. D. in curriculum, painted parents as under-qualified to cut in unless they have achieved the same level of education that is required of most teachers. Wyman wrote, “An educator’s primary goal is to teach students to think. Parents who attempt to influence curricula with their personal opinions block that goal.”
8. How did Wyman begin the piece?
A. By presenting some unreasonable phenomena.
B. By calling for parents’ concern about children.
C. By stressing students’ mental health problems.
D. By introducing various public school curricula.
9. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Curricula. B. Parents.
C. Interventions. D. Administrators.
10. Why does Wyman write the opinion piece?
A. To attract readers’ attention to NBC． B. To reflect parents’ love for children.
C. To call for more concern for curricula. D. To persuade parents out of interfering.
11. Which word can best describe Wyman?
A. Stubborn. B. Qualified. C. Optimistic. D. Unprofessional.
【答案】8-11 ACDB
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，短文介绍了Wyman在NBC上发表的一篇批评家长乱干涉学校课程的评论文章。
8. 推理判断题。根据第二段最后“...Wyman wrote to kick off the piece.(怀曼在文章开头写道。)”可知，这一段是描写她如何开篇的，由第二段“Parents and politicians across the country are getting their fingers into the curricula that public schools use to teach students. Some states are passing laws to keep critical race theory out of schools, and school libraries are coming under attack for containing books about gender.(全国各地的家长和政治家都在对公立学校的教学课程进行干预。一些州正在通过法律，将批判性的种族理论排除在学校之外，学校图书馆也因包含有关性别的书籍而受到攻击。)”可知，本段详细介绍了各种干扰教学的不合理现象，Wyman就是通过呈现一些不合理的现象来开始创作的，故选A。
9. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中画线词them所在的句子“These interventions are nothing more than theater, and school boards and administrators should be protecting their teachers and students from them rather than bowing to them(这些干预只不过是一场戏剧，学校董事会和管理者应该保护他们的老师和学生不受这些干预的影响，而不是向他们鞠躬)”可知，这些父母的干涉不过是闹剧罢了，学校董事会和管理者们应该保护教师和学生免受其干预，而不是向这些干涉低头，因此them指代的是“那些干预”，即Interventions，故选C。
10. 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“An educator’s primary goal is to teach students to think. Parents who attempt to influence curricula with their personal opinions block that goal.(教育者的主要目标是教学生思考。试图以个人观点影响课程的家长阻碍了这一目标的实现。)”可知，怀曼写这篇评论是为了说服父母不要干涉。故选D。
11. 推理判断题。由文章最后一段第一句中的“Wyman, who spent some time discussing her own schooling and Ph. D. in curriculum(她花了一些时间讨论她自己的学校教育和课程博士学位)”可知，Wyman拥有课程方面的博士学位，是有资格谈论课程的人，因此可以用“有资格的”来形容词Wyman，故选B。
D
Researchers studied the responses of the biggest living animals on the planet to stimulated mid­frequency military sonar(声呐), which is used by military to detect submarines.
By studying 17 blue whales, which feed on large groups of krill(磷虾) in the ocean, the scientists found the giant sea animals would cut short dives for food after a sonar “ping”. The animals also tried to avoid areas where the sonar had been used for some time afterwards.
They found that the whales stopped feeding for more than an hour after the sonar, resulting in a loss of around 1,000kg of krill for the animals.
The researchers say their findings disagree with the idea that military sonar has no influence on blue whales and other related species of whale.
A second study by the same researchers also showed that military sonar caused another species of whale, the Cuvier’s beaked whale, to stop feeding and swim away from the sound.
Dr Brandon Southhall, from the Long Marine Laboratory at the University of California who led the project, said, “These findings help us to understand risks to these animals from human sound and inform timely protection and management decisions.”
The scientists argue that the influence of “active” military sonar on blue whales must be considered in environmental assessments before military tests.
They said they hoped the US Navy, which funded the work, would use the findings to search for ways of reducing the influence of sonar on whale species.
Dr Stacy DeRuiter, from the University of St Andrews, who also took part in the studies, said, “While military tests have been said to be linked to whale strandings(搁浅), we don’t really understand the chain of events that lead to that. The number of strandings also does not match the number of military tests and sonar events, so the Navy wants to understand this more.”
12. What did the new studies find about whales?
A. They were forced to leave their habitats.
B. They were starving because of military sonar.
C. They would stop feeding for some time because of military sonar.
D. They would find new feeding areas once hearing sonar.
13. What is the researchers’ attitude towards the influence of military sonar on whales?
A. Worried. B. Helpless. C. Shocked. D. Puzzled.
14. According to Dr Stacy DeRuiter, _______.
A. military tests in the sea should be stopped
B. military sonar leads to the death of many whales
C. the US Navy should take action to protect whales
D. further study should be done to find out why whales were stranded
15. Where does the text probably come from?
A. A book review. B. A science fiction.
C. A science report. D. An official document.
【答案】12-15 CADC
【解析】本文叙述了军事声呐对鲸的影响。新的研究发现：因为军事声呐，鲸在一段时间内会停止进食。
12. 细节理解题。根据第三段“They found that the whales stopped feeding for more than an hour after the sonar, resulting in a loss of around 1,000kg of krill for the animals.他们发现，在声纳探测后，鲸鱼停止进食超过一小时，导致动物损失约1000公斤磷虾。”可知，新研究发现因为军事声呐，鲸在一段时间内会停止进食。故选C。
13. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“They said they hoped the US Navy, which funded the work, would use the findings to search for ways of reducing the influence of sonar on whale species.他们说，他们希望资助这项工作的美国海军能够利用这些发现，寻找减少声纳对鲸鱼物种影响的方法。”可知研究者对其态度是“担忧的”，故选A。
14. 推理判断题。根据最后一段Dr Stacy DeRuiter所说的话“While military tests have been said to be linked to whale strandings, we don’t really understand the chain of events that lead to that. The number of strandings also does not match the number of military tests and sonar events, so the Navy wants to understand this more. 虽然军事测试据说与鲸鱼搁浅有关，但我们并不真正了解导致搁浅的一连串事件。搁浅的次数也与军事测试和声纳事件的次数不匹配，因此海军希望进一步了解这一点。”可知，他认为应该作进一步的研究来找出为什么鲸鱼被搁浅。故选D。
15. 文章出处题。纵观全文可知，本文是关于军事声呐对鲸鱼的影响的研究结果，所以它最有可能来自一份科学报道。故选C。

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self-esteem is the ruling view you have of yourself. This includes your beliefs about your inner qualities and how you think others see you. ___16___ Someone can develop low self-esteem even when they are highly functional and greatly skilled. Understanding this mysterious emotional currency might be the key to unlocking your own self-worth.
People with healthy self-esteem don’t need to boast about themselves to others. People with low self-esteem may tell you how much everyone loves them, what a great job they do at work, and how amazing they are at pretty everything under the sun even though they really wonder if it’s true. People may see them as obnoxious or “full of themselves”. ___17___ They are not shy about sharing ideas, including constructive criticisms of others. They also take care of themselves without second-guessing or apologizing. They are the people who we say seem “sure of themselves”.
If you're starting to think you may have low self-esteem, you can work on the way you talk to yourself. When you turn off negative self-talk, you can open the floor to positive reinforcements and access the courage to show different sides of yourself. It isn’t going to feel good at first, though. Keep going until it becomes less and less and maybe even a few awkward laughs in the mirror may help. ___18___
However, in serious cases of low or even non-existent self-esteem, you may want to call in a professional or a specialist. Good mental health is important, and professionals doing psychotherapy do not pass judgement or give corrections. ___19___ It is the best way to get at the roots of your real self-esteem problems.
___20___ It will take some work but your entire life—from your relationships to your body image to your work habits—will be touched with the kind of power that only comes from someone believing in themselves. This is the hardest part, and the greatest leap. With some changes and support, you can improve your self-esteem and see how everything else changes as a result.
A. Self-esteem is not always rooted in reality, though.
B. You have the power to shape a new self-perception
C. This encourages you to speak openly without worry.
D. The real test of character is whether they can learn from their mistakes
E. Self-esteem refers to a person's overall sense of his or her value or worth.
F. People with a healthy level of self-esteem present themselves with a casual confidence.
G. With some practice and persistence, you will win this internal struggle to see your self-worth.
【答案】16-20 AFGCB
【解析】文章是一篇说明文，讲述了自尊的定义，拥有健康自尊的人们的特征和低自尊人群对自身的危害，最后对于如何正确提升自尊给出了建议。
16. 空格下文“Someone can develop low self-esteem even when they are highly functional and greatly skilled.（有些人即使很能干、很有技能，也可能会发展出低自尊。）”这个例子与空格前没有呼应，选项A“Self-esteem is not always rooted in reality, though.”（然而，自尊并不总是根植于现实。）与这个例子存在论点和论据的关系，故选择A。
17. 这段第一句“People with healthy self-esteem don't need to boast about themselves to others.（有健康自尊的人不需要向别人吹嘘自己。）”可见，整一段都在讲健康自尊的人们。再者空格后“They are not shy about sharing ideas, including constructive criticisms of others.（他们不羞于分享想法，包括对他人的建设性批评。）”可知，选项F的“People with a healthy level of self-esteem”与整段的指代一致，故选择F。
18. 根据空格前“When you turn off negative self-talk, you can open the floor.....Keep going until it becomes less and less and maybe even a few awkward laughs in the mirror may help.(当你停止消极的自我对话时，你就能敞开心扉……继续，直到它变得越来越少，也许甚至是在镜子里的几个尴尬的笑可能会有帮助。)”可知，讲述改变低自尊状态的方法，与选项G“With some practice and persistence, you will win this internal struggle to see your self-worth.(通过一些练习和坚持，你会赢得这场内在的斗争，看到你的自我价值。)”中的练习和坚持这些方法相对应，故选G。
19. 空格前“professionals doing psychotherapy do not pass judgement or give corrections.（做心理治疗的专业人员不会通过判断或给予纠正。）”可知，这个现象与选项C中指代的this指代一致，专业人员不会判断或者纠正，所以这将鼓励你去放开说。故选择C.
20. 空格后“It will take some work but your entire life—from your relationships to your body image to your work habits（这需要付出一些努力，但你的整个生活——从你的人际关系到你的身体形象，再到你的工作习惯”可知it指代与选项B“You have the power to shape a new self-perception(你有能力塑造一种新的自我认知)”相一致，可知新的自我认知需要一些努力，但会让你受益颇多。故选择B。

第二部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30 分）
People may misunderstand what they used to be familiar with. I remembered a ___21___ professor was invited to our school, teaching stress management principles in a school hall ___22___ with students.
As she ___23___ a glass of water, every one of us expected we'd be asked the ___24___ “glass half-empty or glass half-full” question. ___25___, with a smile on her face, the professor asked, “How ___26___ is this glass of water I'm holding?”
All of us shouted out answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple of pounds.
She replied, “From my perspective, the absolute weight of this glass doesn’t matter. It all ___27___ how long I hold it. If I hold it for a minute or two, it’s fairly light. If I hold it for an hour straight, its weight might make my arm ___28___ a little. If I hold it for a day straight, my arm will likely cramp up and feel ___29___ numb (麻木的) and paralyzed, ___30___ me to drop the glass to the floor. In each case, the ___31___ of the glass doesn’t change, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it feels to me.”
As the whole class ___32___ our heads in agreement, she continued, “Your ___33___ and worries in life are very much like this glass of water. Think about them for a while and ___34___ happens. Think about them a bit longer and you begin to ache a little. Think about them all day long, and you will feel specially numb and paralyzed— ___35___ of doing anything else ___36___ you drop them.”
It's important to remember to ___37___ your stresses and worries. No matter what happens during the day, as early in the evening as you can, put all your burdens down. Don’t ___38___ them through the night and into the next day with you. If you still feel the weight of ___39___ stress, it’s a strong sign that it’s time to put the ___40___ down.
21. A. physics B. psychology C. chemistry D. literature
22. A. filled B. decorated C. connected D. compared
23. A. raised B. pointed C. took D. drank
24. A. interesting B. meaningful C. typical D. personal
25. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Then D. Instead
26. A. heavy B. thin C. clean D. large
27. A. happens to B. agrees on C. contributes to D. depends on
28. A. bend B. injure C. sour D. ache
29. A. slightly B. surprisingly C. completely D. regularly
30. A. inviting B. forcing C. turning D. joining
31. A. shape B. appearance C. weight D. size
32. A. shook B. hung C. nodded D. lifted
33. A. joys B. stresses C. laughs D. thrills
34. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
35. A. ashamed B. incapable C. nervous D. competent
36. A. since B. after C. if D. until
37. A. let go of B. keep in mind C. fall back on D. take part in
38. A. carry B. forget C. enjoy D. avoid
39. A. last year's B. yesterday's C. today's D. this year's
40. A. ability B. duty C. glass D. attempt
【答案】21-25 BAACD 26-30 ADDCB 31-35 CCBDB 36-40 DAABC
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了心理学教授通过一杯水告诉学生们：生活中的压力和担忧就像这杯水。想一会儿，什么也不会发生。再多想一会儿，你就会开始有点疼了。整天想着它们，你会感到特别的麻木和麻痹——在你放下它们之前不能做任何事，建议要学会释放压力。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得我们学校邀请了一位心理学教授，在一个坐满学生的礼堂里教授压力管理原则。A. physics物理；B. psychology心理学；C. chemistry化学；D. literature文学。根据后文“teaching stress management principles”可知教授压力管理原则的是心理学教授。故选B。
22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得我们学校邀请了一位心理学教授，在一个坐满学生的礼堂里教授压力管理原则。A. filled装满；B. decorated装饰；C. connected连接；D. compared比较。根据后文“with students”指礼堂里坐满了学生，应用be filled with。故选A。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她端起一杯水时，我们每个人都以为自己会被问到“杯子半空还是半满”的典型问题。A. raised提高，端起；B. pointed指出；C. took拿出；D. drank喝。根据后文“a glass of water”以及“I’m holding”指教授端起一杯水。故选A。
24. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她端起一杯水时，我们每个人都以为自己会被问到“杯子半空还是半满”的典型问题。A. interesting有趣的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. typical典型的；D. personal个人的。根据后文““glass half-empty or glass half-full” question.”可知大家以为教授会问“杯子半空还是半满”的典型问题。故选C。
25. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她面带微笑问道：“我举着的这杯水有多重？”A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Then然后；D. Instead相反。根据下文“All of us shouted out answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple of pounds”可知教授没有问那个典型问题，相反她问水有多重。故选D。
26. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，她面带微笑问道：“我举着的这杯水有多重？”A. heavy沉重的；B. thin瘦的；C. clean干净的；D. large大的。根据后文“All of us shouted out answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple of pounds.”大家猜测水的重量可知问的是水有多重。故选A。
27. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这要看我拿多久了。A. happens to碰巧；B. agrees on同意；C. contributes to有助于；D. depends on取决于。根据后文“If I hold it for a minute or two, it’s fairly light.”可知水有多重取决于拿的时间。故选D。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我一直拿着它一个小时，它的重量可能会让我的胳膊有点疼。A. bend弯曲；B. injure受伤；C. sour酸；D. ache疼痛。呼应后文“Think about them a bit longer and you begin to ache a little.”指拿着它一个小时，它的重量可能会让胳膊有点疼。故选D。
29. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我连续举一天，我的手臂可能会抽筋，感觉完全麻木和麻痹，迫使我把杯子掉到地上。A. slightly稍微地；B. surprisingly惊人地；C. completely完全地；D. regularly定期地。根据后文“numb and paralyzed”可知把杯子举一天，手臂会完全麻木。故选C。
30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我连续举一天，我的手臂可能会抽筋，感觉完全麻木和麻痹，迫使我把杯子掉到地上。A. inviting邀请；B. forcing迫使；C. turning转弯；D. joining加入。手臂因为麻木被迫把杯子掉到地上。故选B。
31. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每种情况下，杯子的重量都没有变化，但我拿得越久，就觉得它越重。A. shape形状；B. appearance外貌；C. weight重量；D. size尺寸。根据后文“of the glass doesn't change”可知不变的是杯子的重量。故选C。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：全班都点头表示同意，她接着说：“你们生活中的压力和担忧就像这杯水。”A. shook摇动；B. hung悬挂；C. nodded点头；D. lifted举起。根据后文“our heads in agreement”可知全班都点头表示同意，故选C。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：全班都点头表示同意，她接着说：“你们生活中的压力和担忧就像这杯水。”A. joys快乐；B. stresses压力；C. laughs笑；D. thrills兴奋。呼应上文“teaching stress management”教授把压力比作这杯水。故选B。
34. 考查不定代词辨析。句意：想一会儿，什么也没发生。A. everything一切；B. something某事；C. anything任何事；D. nothing没有什么。根据上文“Think about them for a while and”可知思考这些压力一会儿，不会发生什么事情。故选D。
35. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整天想着它们，你会感到特别的麻木和麻痹——在你放下它们之前不能做任何事情。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. incapable不能的；C. nervous紧张的；D. competent能干的。根据上文“you will feel specially numb and paralyzed”可知整天想着这些压力，什么都做不了。故选B。
36. 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：整天想着它们，你会感到特别的麻木和麻痹——在你放下它们之前不能做任何事情。A. since自从；B. after在……之后；C. if如果；D. until直到。直到你放下这些压力之前，什么都做不了，until引导时间状语从句。故选D。
37. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是要记住释放你的压力和担忧。A. let go of释放；B. keep in mind记住；C. fall back on退到；D. take part in加入。根据后文“No matter what happens during the day, as early in the evening as you can, put all your burdens down.(不管白天发生了什么，晚上越早越好，放下你所有的负担)”可知，此处指释放你的压力和担忧。故选A。
38. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要带着它们度过漫漫长夜，直到第二天。A. carry搬运，携带；B. forget忘记；C. enjoy欣赏；D. avoid避免。根据上文“No matter what happens during the day, as early in the evening as you can, put all your burdens down.(不管白天发生了什么，晚上越早越好，放下你所有的负担)”可知强调不要带着压力过夜，故选A。
39. 考查短语和名词辨析。句意：如果你仍然感到昨天压力的重量，这是一个强烈的信号，是时候放下杯子了。A. last year’s去年的；B. yesterday’s昨天的；C. today’s今天的；D. this year’s今年的。根据上文“into the next day with you”可知，不要带着压力过夜，即此处指感受到的是昨天的压力，故选B。
40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你仍然感到昨天压力的重量，这是一个强烈的信号，是时候放下杯子了。A. ability能力；B. duty义务；C. glass杯子；D. attempt尝试。根据上文内容可知，教授把压力比作装着水的杯子，所以这里用放下杯子指代释放压力。故选C。

第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）
第二部分 英语知识运用
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diwali, known as the festival of lights, is a Hindu(印度的) festival ___41___(hold) in honour of Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth. It has long been a cultural holiday, during which people get together, have parties, give gifts to each other and generally pray for ___42___ better-off future. For some communities, the day after Diwali ___43___(mark) the beginning of the new year.
Its dates change each year because they are based on the Hindu lunar calendar, but ___44___(typical), the festival is celebrated in October or November. The ___45___(celebrate) usually lasts for several days. People will often line candles and lamps throughout their houses and along their driveways ___46___(light) up the surroundings.
For Hindus, Diwali is a time ___47___ charitable giving and selfless service. They are required to reflect on ___48___ they are grateful for and how they can shine light on others as well. Hindus traditionally perform a deep cleaning of their homes and surroundings, as cleanliness ___49___(believe) to be a prayer for the presence of wealth and well-being. Hindus also celebrate with colorful patterns of flowers, powder, rice or sand on the floor, ___50___ is meant to bring good luck.
【答案】41. held
42. a
43. marks
44. typically
45. celebration
46. to light
47. for
48. what
49. is believed
50. which
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是印度的排灯节。
41. 考查过去分词。句意：排灯节，又称灯节，是印度教为纪念财富女神拉克希米而举行的节日。分析句子结构可知，空格处用非谓语形式，festival和hold之间是被动关系，空格处用过去分词held表被动，故填held。
42. 考查冠词。句意：它长期以来一直是一个文化节日，在这期间，人们聚在一起，举行聚会，互赠礼物，通常祈祷未来更好。better-off future表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，better-off是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
43. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：对一些社区来说，排灯节的第二天标志着新年的开始。空格处是谓语，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the day是单数，因此空格处是第三人称单数marks，故填marks。
44. 考查副词。句意：它的日期每年都会改变，因为它们是基于印度教的阴历，但通常在10月或11月庆祝这个节日。空格处用副词typically作状语，typically意为“通常”，故填typically。
45. 考查名词。句意：庆祝活动通常持续几天。空格处用名词作主语，celebrate的名词是celebration，由后面的lasts可知，空格处用单数，故填celebration。
46. 考查不定式。句意：人们经常会在他们的房子和车道上放上蜡烛和灯来照亮周围的环境。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to light。
47. 考查介词。句意：对印度教徒来说，排灯节是一个慈善捐赠和无私服务的日子。a time for意为“做某事的时间”，根据语境可知，句子表示“排灯节是一个慈善捐赠和无私服务的日子”，因此空格处用介词for，故填for。
48. 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：他们被要求反思他们所感激的，以及他们如何能照亮他人。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，因此空格处用引导词what，故填what。
49. 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：印度教徒传统上对他们的家和周围环境进行深度清洁，因为清洁被认为是祈求财富和幸福的象征。根据语境可知，句子表示“清洁被认为是祈求财富和幸福的象征”，句子用被动语态，通篇时态是一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，即is/are done，主语cleanliness是不可数名词，因此空格处是is believed，故填is believed。
50. 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：印度教徒还会在地板上摆放彩色图案的花、粉、米或沙子来庆祝，这意味着会带来好运。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代前面整个主句，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。

第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I would like to share to you the story about my grandma.
In my teenage years, what impresses me most was the way she said goodbye to me every time I packed different bag and got ready to return to the city after spending a summer at home. “Working hard, and don't miss home,” she told me at the front door, trying hardly to hold back her own tears.Weak and lonely, my grandma stood against the door, which nearly made me to cry. Then, he walked back into the house hurriedly before I even got into my dad’s car. All of sudden, a feeling of guilt struck me. I longed to hug her and say something, and at that moment I was surprising to find myself helplessly silent.
However, there is no possibility that I can hug her now.
【答案】1. to--with 2. impresses-impressed
3. bag---bags 4. Working---Work
5. hardly---hard 6. 去掉to
7. he---she 8. All of sudden----加a
9. and---but 10. surprising---surprised
【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者对已故奶奶的怀念。
1. 考查介词。句意：我想要跟你们分享一下我奶奶的故事。和某人分享用share with somebody，故to改为with。
2. 考查动词时态。句意：在我青少年时期，让我印象深刻的是和奶奶再见的场景。In my teenage years表示过去发生的动词，故impresses改为impressed。
3. 考查名词。句意：我打包各种行李。different后面用名词复数，故bag改为bags。
4. 考查动词。句意：努力学习，不要想家。对第二人称所说的话，动词原型开头，这是祈使句，故Working改为Work。
5. 考查副词。句意：奶奶尽量在忍住泪水。hardly是几乎不，而文章表示努力做，用hard修饰动词，表示努力，故hardly改为hard。
6. 考查动词。句意：奶奶站在门边，看到这个场景让我想要哭。make somebody do 让某人做某事，故去掉to。
7. 考查代词。句意：她快速回家。本文都是在讲奶奶，不能用指代男性的代词，故he改为she。
8. 考查冠词。句意：突然，一种内疚感犹然而生。all of a sudden是固定短语表示突然，故sudden前加a。
9. 考查连词。句意：我渴望拥抱奶奶，但是此时我惊讶地发现自己无助的沉默。前后表示转折，故and改为but。
10. 考查形容词。句意：我惊讶地发现自己无助的沉默。人做主语，表示感到的形容词用ed形式，故surprising改为surprised。

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是晨光中学的李津。某面向中学生的英文网站正在招聘英文网络编辑(English web editor)，请根据以下提示，用英语向外籍主编Chris申请这一职位。主要内容包括：
1. 自我介绍；
2. 个人兴趣及特长；
3. 相关工作经历。
注意：
1. 词数不少于100；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使内容充实，行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
I'm writing to apply to be an English web editor, which I saw advertised on the website.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I am Li Hua, a student in Grade 2. I am writing to introduce myself and apply for the English editor of the school website.
I am confident that I am the right person that you are looking for. First, I have a good command of the English language. As the English monitor of my class, once I participated in National Innovative English Competition and was awarded the first prize. Besides, my work experience gives me another advantage over others. I often create English wall newspapers for my class together with my classmates. With my English competence and work experience, I am sure I have the qualifications for the position.
I would be grateful if you should offer me the chance.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封自荐信申请得到英语编辑这个职位。
词汇积累
申请：apply for/ put in for/apply to do
自信：be confident/ believe in oneself that /have a firm belief
参加：participate in/ take part in / join in
精通：master/be good at/ have a good command of
拓展句式
简单句变复合句
原句：once I participated in National Innovative English Competition and was awarded the first prize.
拓展句：once I participated in National Innovative English Competition, where I was awarded the first prize.
[高分句型1] I am confident that I am the right person that you are looking for.（此句运用了that引导形容词后的表语从句及定语从句）
[高分句型2] I would be grateful if you should offer me the chance.（此句用了if引导的虚拟条件句）