中考英语语法总结——数词及练习
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这是一份中考英语语法总结——数词及练习,共6页。试卷主要包含了基数词在句中的作用,年代用基数词的复数表示,时间表达法等内容,欢迎下载使用。
(一)基数词
基数词用来表示数目,或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。最基本的基数词如下表所示。
说明:
1.101—999的基数词先写百位数,后加and再写十位数和个位数。如: 691 six hundred and ninety-ne。
2.1000以上的基数词先写千位数,后写百位数,再加and,最后写十位数和个位数。
如:5893 five thusand eight hundred and ninety-three。 在基数词中只有表示“百”、“千”的单位词,没有单独表示“万”、“亿”的单位词,而是用thusand(千)和millin(百万)来表达,其换算关系为:1万=10 thusand;1亿=100 millin; 10亿=a thusand millin=a billin。
(二)、基数词的用法
1.表示单位的基数词(hundred, thusand, millin, billin)不能在词尾加-s。
例如:
tw hundred students 二百个学生
five thusand years 五千年
2.基数词的复数形式表示大量的数目,在这种情况下,表示单位的基数词词尾加-s,要与f短语连用。
3.基数词在句中的作用
基数词的作用相当于名词和形容词,它在句子中可充当主语,宾语,表语和定语。
例如:
Three and five is eight. 3+5=8
主语 表语
Hw many ranges d yu want?你要多少桔子?
I want eight. 我要八个。
宾语
There are eight bats in the lake. 湖里有八条小船。
定语
(三)序数词的用法
表示顺序的词,叫序数词。序数词用来表示数词顺序。除特殊情况外,序数词一般都由相应的基数词加后缀-th构成。
请见下表:
1.序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。
例如:
第一:(the) first=1 st
第二:(the) secnd=2 nd
第三:(the) third=3 rd
第五:(the) fifth=5th
第九十七:(the) ninety-seventh=97 th
第一百零一:(the) ne hundred (and)first=101st
2.编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序,但是基数词要后置。
例如:
第一课:Lessn One
第三十二页:Page 32
第305房间:Rm 305
第12路公共汽车:Bus N.12
3.
序数词和基数词一样,也能起名词或形容词作用,在句子中作主语、表语、宾语和定语。
例如:
The first is bigger than the secnd. 第一个比第二个大。
主语
Give me the first. 把第一个给我。
宾语
She’s ften the first t g t schl. 她经常第一个去上学。
表语
We’re ging t learn the eighth lessn. 我们将要学习第八课。
定语
(四)六、年、月、日和时间的表达法
1.年份用基数词表达,分两位一读,年份前用介词in。
例如:
1999 nineteen ninety-nine
2000 tw thusand
2001 tw thusand and ne
2.月份的第一个字母要大写,有些月份名称有缩写形式。
例如:
一月January(Jan.), 二月February(Feb.), 三月March(Mar.), 四月(Apr.),五月May, 六月June, 七月July, 八月August(Aug.),九月September(Sep.), 十月Octber(Oct.), 十一月Nvember(Nv.), 十二月December(Dec.)。
3.日期的表达要用序数词,读时前面要加定冠词the,介词要使用n。
例如:
在6月1日:n June 1 st 读作:n June the first.
年、月、日同时表达时,一般应先写月、日、后写年。
例如: 1 ne
11 eleven
100 a hundred
2 tw
12 twelve
20 twenty
1000 a thusand
3 three
13 thirteen
30 thirty
1,000,000 a millin
4 fur
14 furteen
40 frty
10,000,000 ten millin
5 five
15 fifteen
50 fifty
100,000,000 a hundred millin
6 six
16 sixteen
60 sixty
1,000,000,000 a billin
7 seven
17 seventeen
70 seventy
8 eight
18 eighteen
80 eighty
9 nine
19 nineteen
90 ninety
10 ten
第一到第十
第十一到第十九
第二十以上
first
eleventh
twentieth
secnd
twelfth
thirtieth
third
thirteenth
frtieth
furth
furteenth
fiftieth
fifth
fifteenth
sixtieth
sixth
sixteenth
seventieth
seventh
seventeenth
eightieth
eighth
eighteenth
ninetieth
ninth
nineteenth
hundredth
tenth
thusandth
在2001年5月4日:n May 4 th, 2001。
4.年代用基数词的复数表示。
例如:
20世纪90年代:nineteen nineties
21世纪20年代:twenty twenties
5.时间表达法:时间可用顺读法或倒读法两种方式表达。
例如:
顺读法 倒读法
5:00 five (’clck)
6:18 six eighteen = eighteen past six
12:15 twelve fifteen = fifteen (a quarter) past twelve
4:30 fur thirty = half past fur
5:50 five fifty = ten t six
6:45 six frty-five = a quarter t seven
注意:
1)表示整点时间,直接用基数词表达,后边可接’clck (也可不加)。表达“几点几分”时,绝不能用’clck。
2)表达“15分”或“45分”时,常用quarter(刻)。
3)在倒读法中,如果钟点不过半,须用“分钟数+past+钟点数”的形式;如果钟点过半,则用“差多少分钟数+t+全钟点(下个钟点数)”的形式。
例如:
8:20 twenty past eight
8:40 twenty t nine
6.分数
分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母用复数
1/2 ne half r a half
1/4 ne furth r a quarter
4/5 fur fifths
6 5/9 six and five ninths
三、随堂监测A组
I. 写出下列基数词相应的序数词:
1. ne __________ 2. tw _________ 3. three _________ 4. five ________
5. eight __________ 6. nine _________ 7. twelve _________ 8. twenty __________
9. thirty-ne __________ 10. frty-fur ___________ 11. fifty-seven ____________
II. 把下列短语译成英语:
1. 第12课 ________________________ 2. 304号房间 _______________________
3. 半小时 ________________________ 4. 每日三次 _______________________
5. 第25页 _______________________ 6. 20世纪90年代 ___________________
7. 4路公共汽车 _____________________ 8. 第15中学 _____________________
9. 21世纪 _________________________ 10. 两吨半 ______________________
11. 差一刻三点 _____________________ 12. 第二册 ________________________
13. 在他五十几岁时 ___________________ 14. 二年级八班 ____________________
15. 10:45 _____________________________ 16. 第十五单元 ____________________
17. 第三册第十三课 _______________________ 18. 三分之一 __________________
19. 三百英镑 _________________________ 20. 1994年3月22日 __________________ 四、随堂监测B组
III. 选择填空:
1. 333 reads ___________.
A. three hundred and thirty three B. three hundreds and thirty-three
C. three hundred and thirty-three D. three hundred thirty-three
2. The _______ mnth f the year is February.
A. ne B. first C. tw D. secnd
3. The beautiful skirts are n shw in the shp, Jane likes _______.
A. the ninth B. the nineth C. nine D. ninth
4. It tk me _______ t finish my hmewrk.
A. a half and tw hur B. tw hur and a half
C. tw and a half hur D. tw and a half hurs
5. December is the _______ mnth f the year.
A. twelve B. twelveth C. twelvieth D. twelfth
6. Tm bught ______ fr himself yesterday.
A. tw pairs f shes B. tw pair f she
C. tw pair f shes D. tw pairs shes
7. There are _______ secnds in a minute.
A. furty B. frty C. sixteen D. sixty
8. Lin Ta gets up at ______ in the mrning.
A. half past six B. six past half C. past half six D. half six past
9. December ______ is Christmas.
A. twenty-five B. the twenty-fifth C. the twentieth-five D. twentieth-fifth
10. There are _____ stars in the universe.
A. millins B. millin f C. millins f D. millin
11. Mnday is the _______ day f the week.
A. tw B. secnd C. three D. third
12. Mr. Black left here _____ ag.
A. half a hur B. half an hur C. an half hur D. a half hurs
13. There are _____ students in their schl.
A. nine hundred B. nine hundreds C. nine hundred f D. nine hundreds f
14. There are _____ wrds in the text f the _____ Lessn.
A. hundred f, fifth B. a hundred f, fiveth C. hundreds f, fifth D. hundreds f, fiveth
15. We had learned abut _____ English wrds by the end f last term.
A. nine hundreds and frty-five B. nine hundreds f and frty-five
C. nine hundred and frty-five D. nine hundred and furty-five
IV. 中考题集:
1. Abut ______ peple are in the Peple’s Park at weekends.
A. tw hundreds B. tw hundreds f C. tw hundred D. hundred f
2. The water behind the Three Grges Dam (三峡大坝) shuld be _____higher than dwnstream (下游).
A. sixty-five meter B. sixty-fifth meter C. sixty-five meters D. sixty-fifth meters
3. In ur schl several _____ students are able t search the Internet fr useful infrmatin nw.
A. hundred f B. hundreds fr C. hundred D. hundreds
4. I was 8 years ld when my father was 31. this year my father is twice my age. Hw ld am I?
A. 21 B. 22 C. 23 D. 24
5. When was the PRC funded? It was funded n _______.
A. July 1, 1921 B. Octber 1, 1949 C. August 1, 1927 D. May 1, 1922
6. Lk at the menu:
SNACKS
Hamburger $ 2.60 Orange juice $1.20
Ht dg $2.15 Cffee $1.00
Ice cream $2.00 Cke regular $0.75
Ppcrn $1.00 large $1.00
Jeff wants t buy a hamburger, a large cke and ice cream.
Hw much will he pay?
A. Five dllars and sixty cents. B. Five dllars and thirty-five cents.
C. Three dllars and sixty cents. D. Tw dllars.
7. --- Hw many wrkers are there in yur factry? --- There are tw _______.
A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred f D. hundreds f
8. The film star is ging t spend ______ dllars n a new dress fr the cming party.
A. three thusands B. thusands f C. thusand f D. three thusands f
9. There are ______ dctrs and nurses wrking hard in that hspital.
A. thusand B. tw thusand C. tw thusands D. tw thusands f
10. --- Hw many teachers are there in yur schl? --- ________, but I’m nt sure.
A. Hundreds B. Hundred C. Hundreds f D. One hundred
11. I think ______ lessn is the mst difficult in this bk.
A. five B. fifth C. the fifth D. fifteen
1. _______ travelers cme t visit ur city every year.
A. Hundred f B. Hundreds f C. Five hundreds D. Hundred
2. The Games f ______ Olympiad in 2008 will be held in the city f Beijing.
A. 29 B. the 29 C. 29th D. the 29th
3. Fan Zhiyi’s transfer t Dundee Ftball Club at the end f last year arused ______ Chinese peple’s interest.
A. thusand f B. thusand C. thusands f D. thusands
4. Abut ______ films were shwn during the 5th Shanghai Internatinal Film Festival.
A. tw hundred f B. tw hundreds f C. tw hundred D. tw hundreds
5. --- D yu have enugh men t carry these chairs? --- N. I think we need ______ men.
A. anther B. tw thers C. mre tw D. tw mre
6. --- Can yu write the number eighty-five thusand, six hundred and twenty-six?
--- Yes, it is _____________.
A. 85662 B. 85626 C. 58662 D. 58626
7. There’re ______ students in ur grade.
A. hundreds f B. three hundreds f C. three hundreds D. three hundreds’
8. ______ f the wrkers in this factry is abut tw hundred, _______ f them are wmen wrkers.
A. The number, first third B. The number, ne third
C. A number, half D. A number, three quarters
9. _______ Germans cme t visit China every year.
A. Thusands f B. Thusands C. Thusand f D. Tw thusands
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