2022年福建省惠安县初中学业质量检查九年级物理试题（含答案）
展开2022年惠安县初中学业质量检查物理科参考答案
一、选择题（每题2分，共32分）
题号 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
答案 | B | A | A | C | A | A | C | B | D | D | C | B | A | A | C | C |
二、填空题（每空1分，共12分）
- 裂、不可 18. 运动状态、惯性 19. 凸、热传递、做功 20. 4、80 21. 1.8×105 、5、5
三、作图题（共4分）
- 两力长度不等、没标符号、画成虚线、多画、漏画、徒手画等均酌情扣分。
- 画成虚线、漏箭头、箭头画末端、找错焦点、多画、漏画、徒手画等均酌情扣分。
四、简答题（共4分）
- 发动机往后喷出气流，根据力的相互作用原理，气流对发动机产生向前推力；机翼上方空气流速较快，气压较低，机翼上下方产生向上的压力差（压强差），从而获得向上升力。
五、实验题（每空1分，共28分）
- （1）秒表 （2）慢 （3）比热容、小于 （4）晶体
- （1）1.5mm （2）完全重合、大小 （4）物像连线垂直于玻璃杯（像距等于物距）（5）得到普遍规律
- （1）游码、左 （2）124 （3）0.2、20 （4）50、2.5
- （1）略 （2）R断路 （3）3、左、12.5 （4）S和S1、U额R0/（U1-U额）
29.（1）铜块 （2）压力 （3）拉力 （4）甲
六、计算题（30题6分、31题6分、32题8分，共20分）
30.解： (1)F=G=150N
P=F/S=150N/1×10-2m2=1.5×104Pa ·····························································································································································（2分）
(2)s=vt=2m/s×600s=1200m ·····························································································································································（2分）
(3)G剂=mg=10kg×10N/kg=100kg
F=G+G剂=150N+100N=250N ·····························································································································································（2分）
31.解： （1）p=ρgh=1×103 kg/m3×10N/kg×20m=2×105Pa ···································································································（2分）
（2）F=PS=2×105Pa×10×10-4m2=200N
P=Fv=200N×0.2m/s=40W ·······················································································································（2分）
（3）η=P电/P=6W/40W=15% ····················································································································（2分）
32.解： （1）IL=PL/UL=3W/6V=2A ·········································································································································（2分）
（2）只闭后S1和S2时，R滑和灯L串联
U滑=IR滑=0.5A×4Ω=2V
U总=U滑+UL=2V+6V=8V ······································································································································（2分）
（3）只闭后S1和S3时，R滑和R0串联，依题意可得：
P滑=（U总-IR0）I·······················································································································································································································（2分）
1.2W=（8V-I×10Ω）I············································································································································································································（1分）
解得：I=0.2A或I=0.6A···········································································································································································································（1分）
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