2022山东省部分学校高三上学期第一次质量检测英语试题含答案

绝密★启用前

山东省2022届高三第一次学业质量联合检测

英语

总分150分。考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本 试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

答案是C。

1. What is the woman doing now?

A. Tidying up her room.    B. Writing to her professor.   C. Preparing for her report.

2. When is Sam leaving for China?

A, Next week. B, This weekend. C. At the end of March.

3. What is the man likely to do next?

A. Have a rest. B. Have some coffee. C. See a doctor.

4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Husband and wife. B. Waitress and customer. C. Mother and son.

5. What are the speakers talking about?

A. A writer. B. A teacher, C. A theater.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where are probably the speakers?

A. At a concert. B. In a car. C. At home.

7. What time is it now?

A. 7：00 pm. B. 7：30 pm. C. 8：30 pm.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What's the purpose of the ban in Sri Lanka?

A. To protect elephants.

B. To improve people's health.

C. To promote foreign trade.

9. How many elephants have died in the conflicts since last year?

A. 184. B. 423. C. 607.

10. What do the speakers think of the decision of the country?

A. Necessary. B. Confusing. C. Fruitless.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. Why did Catherine move to the country?

A. She started a new online business.

B. She decided to work with her husband.

C. She wanted to accompany her parents.

12. How is Catherine's life now?

A. Boring. B. Stressful. C. Enjoyable.

13. Who helps Catherine's son with his studies?

A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her husband.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14. Why did the woman take Grace as a role model?

A. She was a typical bookworm.

B. She was an excellent athlete.

C. She was different from other girls.

15. What did Grace prefer doing with her dollhouse?

A. Playing with the dolls.

B. Making new things for it.

C. Taking it apart completely.

16. What did Grace intend to do by taking apart alarm clocks?

A. To make a new dollhouse.

B. To know how they worked.

C. To draw her parents' attention.

17. What was Grace's parents' attitude towards her behavior?

A. Angry. B. Worried. C. Supportive.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. Why did Roger Tyers come to China?

A. To do research.

B. To do business.

C. To go sightseeing.

19. What made Roger Tyers choose to travel by train?

A. The low cost.

B. His love for trains.

C. The climate crisis.

20. How many people signed online to support "Flight Free 2019”？

A. 13,500. B. 14,000. C. 40,000.

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

This Week： Homes for Book Lovers

Boulder

This 2019 four-bedroom home has an open-plan great room with a floor-to-ceiling bookshelf and a rolling library ladder. The house mixes Western and Eastern design and features wood floors and oversize windows with views of a seasonal pond.

LIV Sotheby's International Realty

New York City

Nobel Prize-winning author and previous owner Toni Morrison changed the third bedroom of this 1901 house into her library and writing room. The two-bedroom home features a living-dining area with gas fireplace, an open-plan kitchen, a master suite with dressing area, and sweeping city views.

Brown Harris Stevens

Montecito

The second bedroom of this two-bedroom house features a wall-to-wall wood bookcase. The house also has a built-in bookcase on the stairs, a main suite with fireplace, a chef's kitchen with wood cabinets and counters. The path in front of the house has lawns, and gardens and is part of a gated community with a pool, tennis courts, and beach access.

Sotheby's International Realty

Oxford

This 1991 house stands in the center of a town famed for its connections with William Faulkner and John Grisham. The four-bedroom house has a wall-to-wall bookshelf in the game room and also features a living room with fireplace and an eat-in kitchen with hardwood floors. It's the steal of the week with a surprising price.

Cannon Cleary McGraw

21. Why are these houses selected for book lovers?

A. They are all affordable for reading enthusiasts.

B. They all have enough space for book collections.

C. They each have a study with a good view of nature.

D. They enable their owners to get access to local libraries.

22. Which will you contact if you like a house with a long history?

A. LIV Sotheby's International Realty. B. Brown Harris Stevens.

C. Sotheby's International Realty. D. Cannon Cleary McGraw.

23. Which house is probably a good bargain?

A. The one in Boulder. B. The one in New York City.

C. The one in Montecito. D. The one in Oxford.

B

Behinfar lives alone in Scottsdale, Ariz. The pandemic（疫情）has been painfully isolating for her and has left her longing for warmth and touch. On a recent afternoon, she finally was cured in long-awaited hugs——by a 2,000-pound cow. "It was really my first real hug of the year," said Behinfar, a psychologist who sought out a comfort with a friend. Behinfar brought her friend to Aimee's Farm Animal Sanctuary in Queen Creek, to hug cows as a present for the friend.

People are signing up to hug cows across the country, hungry for affection as the nation approaches a full year of social distancing during the pandemic. When Sammy, a cow who was

rescued from a dairy farm, laid her head in Behinfar's lap and fell asleep, Behinfar began to cry. The pandemic, she said, has been a time of loneliness, “In the end, I really didn't want to let her go,“ Behinfar said.

The farm has about 100 rescued farm animals, many with disabilities. Cow-hugging service, which costs $ 75 an hour, is booked until July. Owner Aimee Takaha says she gets around 20 calls a day about the service she has offered for 5 years. Business has picked up dramatically in the past year.

"They're just like happy pills, just to be around," she said of the cows. The 9 cattle at her farm include Adorabull, rescued from a ditch； Moonicorn, one eye and one horn； and a mini cow named Moochacha. "The cows will walk over to guests for hugs," she said. They also like to roll over on their sides and rest their heads in people's laps. Sometimes，a turkey- named Azalea or a chicken will come by to join in. "Hugging with these gentle giants-cows typically weigh about 1,500 to 2,000 pounds — has an extremely soothing effect," she said.

24. Why did Behinfar and her friend go to hug a cow?

A. To overcome their loneliness.

B. To start a business of animals.

C. To save cows in the pandemic.

D. To do her research on farming.

25. What is the attitude of the public towards hugging cows?

A. Indifferent. B. Doubtful.

C. Tolerant. D. Positive.

26. What can we learn about the cattle farm in Queen Creek?

A. Its sick cattle are cured with happy pills.

B. It offers the animals a special training.

C. Its hugging business is rocketing up now.

D. The cattle on the farm often act in dramas.

27. What does the underlined phrase “an extremely soothing effect" refer to?

A. Making people relieved. B. Getting people creative.

C. Saving people from fears. D. Keeping people off diseases.

C

Declining in the past several decades, the multigenerational household seems to find its way back in recent years. Different generations of the same family live together in one household for a whole range of reasons. The most popular belief is that multigenerational households today come about because young adults won't fly the nest. While there is some truth in this, “adult children yet to leave home" was only the third-most-common driver.

Grandparents are now moving across town to be closer or to live with their grandchildren so they can provide childcare during the day. Likewise, some people are inviting their elderly parents to live with them so they could take care of them. "Care arrangement support” was the second-most-common driver for multigenerational living.

Finance pressure in getting higher education, workforce employment and the cost of housing encourage the younger generation to delay leaving the parental home. Changes in government policies on child, aged and disability care can also have impacts on people's decisions. This is actually the last straw which breaks them.

There are admittedly problems with multigenerational living. One of the bigger complaints about it is that not everyone helps. While adult children do help out with chores, they simply do housework for themselves, instead of being responsible for the whole family. Complaints about chores, however, pale in comparison to those about lack of privacy in the family home. This is the result of a combination of family members not respecting personal boundaries but also of many housing designs that are not suitable for multigenerational needs.

Despite the attention given by the public to this household form, little is known about it, particularly the experiences of those who choose to live in them. Whatever it is, there are pros and cons to multigenerational living, just like living alone.

28. Why do different generations live together according to the most popular opinion?

A. Elderly parents can't get plenty of care.

B. Young adults can take good care of parents.

C. Adult children wouldn't like to leave home.

D. People are tired with so much childcare now.

29. What is the final driver for multigenerational living?

A. The education background.

B, The advantages of a big family.

C. The rising concern about parenting,

D. The government policies related.

30. What's the biggest problem of the multigenerational household?

A. It ruins the people's independence.

B. It is a threat to the modern society.

C. It affects the privacy of family members.

D. It encourages young adults to live alone.

31. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Narrowing the generation gap

B. Having to live under one roof

C. Finding a multigenerational family

D. Keeping traditions from dying out

D

Which is better for Earth： an electric or gas-powered vehicle? The answer to this question might seem blindingly obvious： Of course electric cars must be better for the environment, because they don't give off greenhouse gases as people drive. However, electric vehicles (EVs) aren't perfect, and they come with their own set of polluting problems. Their batteries require a large amount of energy to produce.

Battery production is just one part of an electric car's life span. A study looked at the entire life cycle of an EV's emissions(排放)，from mining the metals for the batteries to producing the electricity needed to power them, and then compared this with the average emissions of a gas-powered vehicle. The team found that when EVs are charged with coal- powered electricity, they're actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars.

“Only when connected to the dirtiest, coal-heavy electric grids (电网)do gas-powered cars become comparable to EVs on a greenhouse gas basis,” said Colin Sheppard, an expert in energy and transportation systems. That's why more and more countries are decreasing the power supply from coal. In China, the national grid is improving with more investments in renewable energy. For example, it has twice as much wind energy capacity as the U.S. and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries.

Sheppard modelled a future in which all cars were electric. "We wanted to understand what it might be like if all passenger vehicles are electrified." For example, Sheppard calculated that if all vehicles in the U.S. were electric, it would reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by 46 % every year. This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as" smart charging” in which cars are recharged at chosen times (often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity.

In short, it's far easier to argue in favor of buying an EV than a gas-powered vehicle. But what about the cost? Aren't electric vehicles too expensive for most people?

32. In which case do EVs get more heavy-polluted than gas-powered cars?

A. Being powered only by batteries.

B. Consuming coal-powered electricity.

C. Starting to give off greenhouse gases.

D. Replacing gas-powered vehicles entirely.

33. What is greatly promoted in China now according to the text?

A. Renewable energy. B. Electric vehicles.

C. Coal-powered supply. D. Public transport.

34. How does Sheppard model the future of EVs?

A. With a discussion. B. With an examination.

C. With a calculation. D. With a questionaire.

35. What might the paragraph following the passage be about?

A. Inventing green gas-powered vehicles.

B. Developing environment-friendly grids.

C. Making electric vehicles more affordable.

D. Getting rid of fossil energy like coal and oil.

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

Can People Really Learn to "Speed Read”？

There never seems to be enough time to read these days. With so many books and articles—especially on social media——the ability to read faster could be a life-changer. 36    The problem is that true speed reading without any loss in comprehension isn't supported by the science.

“Speed reading is not actually possible," said Elizabeth Schotter, a scientist at the University of South Florida. 37 You have to first see the word, understand its meaning, relate the word to its context, and then figure out where to point your eyes next.

Some books and classes train people to read whole passages all at once by scanning text in a zigzag（之字形）pattern. These methods suggest that our eyes make wasted movements when looking back and forth over words. But studies find that the limit to reading comprehension is the ability to recognize words. 38 

In recent years, numerous apps have claimed they can boost reading speed. These apps display text just one word at a time, one after another at a certain rate. 39   But again, the eyes sometimes have to go back and reread words to fully grasp text. Research has found that your eyes pick up important information beyond the word in focus, which is simply not possible if you can only read one word at a time.

40   You probably can't dramatically increase your speed, but research suggests you can get a little faster by improving your vocabulary and simply reading more. Good thing there's plenty to read. Enjoy it.

A. So is there a way to become a faster reader?

B. Is the scientific community doubtful about speed reading?

C. So adjusting eye movements probably won't help you read faster.

D. Most people who claim to be speed-reading are actually skimming.

E. That way, your eyes are forced to focus on the word in front of you.

F. Reading is a complex task that requires cooperation between mental systems.

G. That is why so many classes, books and apps claim they can get you to read faster.

第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Allamby started his auto repair business at the age of 19. Over the years it has 41    grown into two shops with 11 employees. However, Allamby became unsatisfied, 42    for

something more. At first, he thought it must have to do with 43    his business even further and decided to 44 his degree in business management.

To Allamby's surprise, there came a 45    . He was told he had to take biology to get his 46   . “What do I need to take 47   for?” he thought. But it turned out to be the most 48    thing to have happened. The biology class 49   the childhood dream he had kept as a child——to be a doctor.

Growing up in a poor neighborhood? he faced 50    expectations and numerous barriers to 51 his dream. In 2011, at the age of 39, he cut 52   with his past and was ready to live his dream； a 53 Allamby walked into the biology class. Then he started to study medicine at Ohio Medical University. In 2019, at the age of 47   , Allamby became Doctor Allamby and took a 54    in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General.

“How many people can do something so brand-new at such a(n) 55   stage in their life?” he said. "My kids and I are all proud of me.”

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There was to be a legendary(传奇的)family responsible for the construction of imperial (皇家的)buildings, 56    (include) many of the China's current UNESCO world heritage sites for over 200 years. Their family name was Lei, 57    (respectful) called “Yangshi Lei”， a term for the emperor's head architect.

The story of Lei family started in the early days of the Qing Dynasty 58    Lei Fada and his relatives from Nanjing were ordered 59    (rebuild) Taihe Palace in the Forbidden City. With his 60   (significance) skills, his reputation began to spread widely. Lei Jinyu, his

son, also made great 61    (achieve) like Yuanmingyuan.

From 1736 to 1796, the 62    (four) generation of Lei family designed many buildings from that time. Until the last architect of the family 63    (take) office in the 20th century, they had completed famous buildings such as the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace, and the Chengde Mountain Resort.

In 2007, UNESCO added "Yangshi Lei" into 64   list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Humanity, for its influence 65    Chinese traditional architecture. The architecture of the family will be shining through the age.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是李华，你们社团将举办英文读诗会，请你写一封邮件邀请外教Elvira参加，内容 包括：

1.活动时间和地点；

2.活动安排；

3.欢迎她分享自己喜欢的诗歌。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

笫二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Day hikes took me across more than 100 miles of rocky slopes , muddy narrow roads and rough log bridges over crystal clear streams. The people I encountered through hiking were fascinating, but I was never interested in completing the entire 2,190 miles. Instead, my goal was to spend a single night on the Appalachian Trail小路）.

I was turning sixty. It was time to face my fear of what might be lying in the darkness of the woods. I had shoulder and neck problems that limited the amount of weight I could carry in my backpack, so I asked my twenty-year-old son, Erik, to help me. He readily agreed, and now, six months later, we were in the mountains preparing to spend a night on the Appalachian Trail.

The morning literally flew by as we walked through the woods. Then the trail began in an open field, under a sun that swiftly stole my energy. I was not prepared for the intense heat. Erik waited patiently as I ducked under small bushes to grab a few inches of shade. We hiked for another hour before stopping by two large rocks for a rest. Suddenly, Erik sprang to his feet, pointed down the trail and cried out, "Bear!”

Bears were not new to my world. Around my childhood home, they were often seen in backyards and walking across roads. Bears extended my fear of the woods until I hesitantly joined a group of friends on a day hike. It was the first of many hikes to follow, and my fear of the woods began to relax.

Now, not thirty feet away, was a huge black bear. "What do we do?” I cried. Erik calmly responded, “Mom, we're just going to walk back the way we came for a little bit.” 注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。