2022省双鸭山一中高三上学期开学考试英语试题含答案

这是一份2022省双鸭山一中高三上学期开学考试英语试题含答案，共16页。
英语试卷
第一部分 阅读理解：总计40分
第一节（包括4个阅读理解，共15个小题，每小题2分，共计30分）
A
THE BEST BOOKS OF 2020
In our efforts to increase and spread knowledge, we highly recommend these titles issued this year.
You Never Forget Your First: A Biography of George Washington
Treating the first president’s masculinity (刚毅) as a ‘‘previous conclusion”, historian Alexis Coe explores lesser-known aspects of Washington’s life, from his interest in animal husbandry (畜牧业) to his role as a father figure.
All We Can Save: Truth Courage, and Solutions for the Climate Crisis
Johnson, a marine biologist and the founder of Ocean Collective, and Wilkinson, the editor in chief of Project Drawdown edited appealing pieces on climate change crafted by 60 women. The collection, All We Can Save, showcases a diverse range of experts, all working to tackle climate issues in powerful ways.
Feasting Wild: In Search of the Last Untamed Food
Gina Rae La Cerva travels the globe in search of some of the planet’s last truly wild foods. Her journey takes her to a place in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where she investigates the “bush meat" trade that is common in the region’s rainforest and results in the illegal hunting of wild animals.
The Man Who Ate Too Much: The Life of James Beard
James Beard Award-winning author, John Birdsall writes this book to show a more complete picture of Beard’s life, examining the cook’s use of coded language in early cookbooks. The language itself is as rich as Beard’s fried chicken.
1. What can we learn from You Never Forget Your First?
A. Some unfamiliar aspects of Washington’s life. B. Washington’s masculinity as a father.
C. Some popular aspects of Washington’s life. D. Washington’s wide interests.
2. Which book should you read if you want to know the topic about climate problems?
A. You Never Forget Your First. B. Feasting Wild.
C. All We Can Save. D. The Man Who Ate Too Much.
3. What is the similarity between Feasting Wild and The Man Who Ate Too Much?
A. Their languages are vivid. B. Both are about traveling.
C. Their authors are famous. D. Foods are both mentioned.
B
A 6-year -old boy in South Carolina helped uncover a mystery that is older than he is when he reeled up something he never expected during a day of fishing.
Finding buried treasure is every kid's dream. This dream came true for 6 - year - old Knox Brewer after taking up magnet （磁铁）fishing just a few weeks before. "Awesome, even if it's like so tiny, it's still awesome," Knox said. My favorite part about doing this is when we get something up like how big or small it is, that's my favorite part of doing this."
The boy's parents, Jonathan and Catherine, hoped it would become a healthy hobby. "We got it to help pass the time during the virus," Catherine said
It didn't take long for Knox to strike gold. During a Mother's Day outing, he discovered something big sitting at the bottom of Whitney Lake. With the help of a nearby stranger, he was able to fish out a locked metal safe. They pried （撬）it open to find a jackpot: jewelry, a notebook and a checkbook. Jonathan then called the police. "I knew the right thing to do was go ahead and call the local authorities, get them involved and try to solve this mystery," the child's father, Jonathan Brewer, told the outlet. Investigators later determined the lockbox was stolen eight years from a woman who lived across from the lake, the report said.
The family returned the property to its owner. "The first thing that she did was just kneel down, hug Knox and thanked him and thanked him for bringing that closure to her," Jonathan said. Catherine said the woman got some of the missing charm pieces back. Unfortunately, all of the real expensive stuff was gone, but the woman was glad for the closure.
For Knox, fishing turned out to be a life lesson. "He himself wants to one day become a police officer and he got a lot of fun out of them coming out and investigating, asking questions and trying get to the source," Jonathan said. The event gave the 6-year-old a chance to play detective and a memory to treasure.
4. Why does 6-year-old Knox Brewer like magnet fishing?
A. It gives him an interesting dream. B. It brings him some unexpected things.
C. It helps him discover a mystery. D. It makes him feel very delighted.
5. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Knox discovered gold sooner or later. B. Knox luckily caught a lot of fish in the lake.
C. Knox tried to do the right thing for other people. D. Knox successfully got a box out of the lake.
6. What can we infer about Knox from the last paragraph?
A. He didn't get much fun from his fishing. B. He had a good chance to fish with Jonathan.
C. He benefited a lot from the experience. D. He wanted to become a policeman one day.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. A little boy fished out a lot of buried treasure.
B. A little boy assisted in revealing a truth when fishing.
C. A little boy thought of magnet fishing as his favorite.
D. A little boy dreamed of catching a lot of fish.
C
A remarkable study from 1976 gives us some insight into how and why relationships with our neighbors can be so good for us. Surprisingly to scientists at that time, results showed that contact with family members — even one's own children — had little impact on feelings of well-being or willpower. Meanwhile, friendships, especially those with neighbors, predicted lower levels of loneliness and worry, higher levels of feelings of usefulness and self-perceived respect within the community.
The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbors are more effective at increasing well-being since they are based on nearness, common interests and lifestyle choices. The neighborhood relationships are also developed voluntarily. Family ties, on the other hand, are often characterized by a sense of responsibility, physical distance, and personal disharmony. Later studies confirm the importance of close friendships for people over 65, highlighting the particular importance of frequent contact.
More recent studies show that neighborly support is associated with better well-being for individuals in mid-to-late life. Data regarding neighborly relationships and general well-being from 1,071 adults aged 40-70 from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the US was collected in 1995, and again from the same individuals in 2005.
The study found that those who had low contact with neighbors at the time of both samples, as well as those who experienced a reduction in contact with neighbors over the years, experienced downward trends in well-being, as indicated by feelings of sadness, nervousness, restlessness, hopelessness and worthlessness.
It is crucial to note here the difference between friendship and neighboring or relationships with neighbors. While friendships are based on common affection, neighboring, at its core is an instrumental relationship that is catalyzed (催化) by nearness. But, it doesn't have to be this way. Where neighbors are also close friends, the potential benefits are clear. While both friendship and neighboring are beneficial to well-being, they are most effective when the types of support and assistance from both coincide(同时发生).
8. What does the study find?
A. Neighbors are more influential to people than family members.
B. People value neighbors more than family members.
C. Neighbors influence people as much as their own children do.
D. The friendships between neighbors can last forever.
9. How does the author mainly develop paragraph 2?
A. By analyzing data. B. By making comparisons.
C. By giving instructions. D. By following the order of time.
10. What determines neighborly relationships according to the text?
A. A common life goal. B. Responsibility. C. Physical distance. D. Nearness.
11. What can we learn from the text?
A. The conflicts between relatives and neighbors are easy to occur.
B. A close neighbor is better than a brother far off.
C. The neighborhood relationships are formed under compulsion.
D. Contact with family members is indifferent.
D
people must carefully pay attention to everything they put in their mouths in order to control their weight. By contrast, others can eat French fries to their hearts' content and achieve the same result. How do some people manage never to gain weight?
"Perception, one of the most important factors, has nothing to do with the body type because our personal feeling is always wrong. We often feel that some people who eat more don't put on weight. Actually? those who appear to eat whatever they like without gaining weight aren't eating more than the rest of us," said professor Kathleen Melanson. "For example, your friend who eats ice cream on a daily basis might eat less at another meal- or snack less throughout the rest of the day.”
“Physical activity can also make a difference, but it doesn't have to be a gym workout. There's little evidence to suggest that—without exercise-some people were born to burn significantly more calories than others," said Dr Ines Barroso, a researcher at the University of Cambridge. But there may be physical differences that allow some people to naturally control the number of calories they consume without exercising much self-regulation.
A lot of nervous system signals and hormones（激素）that circulate in our blood interact to tell us when we're hungry or full. This is called the appetite regulatory system, and it may be more sensitive in some people than others, Melanson said. One important hormone involved in this system is leptin（瘦素）.It helps regulate how much food we want to eat over longer periods of time, not just for our next meal. So a person with a more sensitive system might go back for seconds and thirds at a party, then feel full for the next few days and eat less.
Genetics can also play a role in a person's tendency to gain or lose weight. Researchers have identified over 250 different regions of DNA that are associated with obesity, according to a 2019 study published in PLOS Genetics.
12. What does the underlined word “Perception" in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Connection. B. Defense. C. Sense. D. Reduction.
13. What do we know about leptin?
A. It makes people usually feel hungry.
B. It helps people have a better appetite.
C. It makes people more sensitive to the flavour of food.
D. It helps people regulate their food intake.
14. What do the findings of the 2019 study show?
A. Weight problems can be avoided.
B. Some people may be born to have weight problems.
C. Losing weight is equally difficult for everyone.
D. Genes can be completely changed to avoid weight problems.
15. What is the author's main purpose in writing the text?
A. To explain why some people never gain weight.
B. To share some ideas about how to lose weight.
C. To advise people to control their daily diet strictly.
D. To call for people to pay attention to healthy eating.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有两项为多余选项。
Top uses of smartphones
Today approximately 3. 5 billion people own smartphones all over the world. In this article, we explore what we use our smartphones for.
____16____
Most websites today are mobile-friendly, while there are also mobile apps that you can use to buy everything from clothes to household items and more. Because it's far easier and more convenient to make a purchase online, a great percentage of people order from online sites. In fact, most users prefer to be able to compare and learn about different items on their phones. Hence, if anyone is looking to build an online brand, it is certainly important to develop a .mobile -friendly site for the ultimate online shopping experience.____17____
Social Media Usage
Social media sites became a go-to site for many users that spend time on their mobile devices.____18____. It is widely used in comparison to other popular social media platforms like Instagram. But, social media apps are not only used to interact with other users but also to consume information, whether it is entertaining videos, news, information about certain products and services. Otherwise, people rely on smartphones when they want to share their content（photos, videos , articles）on social media platforms.____19____
Consumption of Digital Media
Smartphones are leading devices in the consumption of digital media, and the time users spend is usually on apps.____20____So, whether you are looking to watch your favorite TV shows, listen to music, or you want to read books, listen to podcasts, there are many apps that you can check out and download on your device. Actually, a lot of companies like Tencent and Youku have designed apps to make their content more accessible on the move.
A. Friendly websites.
B. Hence, a lot of businesses use them to promote their products.
C. As we know, there's a wealth of apps available for download, free of charge.
D. Mobile Shopping.
E. Actually, Wechat is one of the largest social media networks.
F. Some famous e-commerce sites include Amazon, Taobao, JD and many others.
G. There are some apps that are not designed to entertain you but to help you enrich your knowledge.
第二部分 英语知识运用
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, I’ve seen friends posting that they are taking a break closing their social media accounts. In a time when it’s so ____21____ to stay connected with people, this makes me sad. I ____22____ social media as it helps me stay connected with friends around the world. On the other hand, I see the ____23____ side. With so much going on in the world, it feels as if there’s a lot of negativity on it. But that’s ____24____ about negativity! For today, let’s focus on simple things that spread ____25____!
Last week, my daughter and I went for a ____26____ on our neighborhood trails (小径). We had seen a few____27____ painted with positive messages and how they ____28____ our life. On our walk last week, we took a different path and were____29____at what awaited us.
We didn’t just ____30____ one or two painted rocks. There were dozens of them! We found lovingly-painted rocks underneath ____31____ every tree. Apart from being colorful most of the rocks included simple messages of ____32____.
As I ____33____ to take pictures, a man walked by and said, “They really bring a smile to your face, don’t they?” It was ____34____. They sure did! In addition to the rocks, someone had painted ____35____ on wood blocks and placed them at the foot of many of the trees. As I ____36____ them, I imagined fairies(精灵) living in the trees and entering through the doors. Again, something was so simple but it really ____37____ my spirits!
I hope whoever took the time to ____38____ and carefully placed those treasures knows how much they ____39____ to people walking along the trail. It’s easy to think you can’t have a(n) ____40____ but every kind word or positive act makes a difference for someone.
21. A. strange B. impossible C. difficult D. natural
22. A. analyse B. love C. investigate D. discover
23. A. interesting B. strong C. dark D. familiar
24. A. tough B. different C. thorough D. enough
25. A. liberty B. concentration C. intervention D. positivity
26. A. bath B. party C. walk D. conference
27. A. faces B. rocks C. gifts D. signs
28. A. brightened· B. treated C. recorded D. concluded
29. A. bored B. stressed C. amazed D. relieved
30. A. decorate B. purchase C. find D. provide
31. A. widely B. rarely C. ever D. almost
32. A. encouragement B. profession C. movement D. reputation
33. A. failed B. stopped C. agreed D. refused
34. A. awkward B. awful C. accurate D. available
35. A. trees B. pictures C. doors D. messages
36. A. looked at B. searched for C. heard about D. put on
37. A. witnessed B. imagined C. lifted D. tested
38. A. wait B. talk C. relax D. paint
39. A. attach B. mean C. apply D. connect
40. A. exchange B. comparison C. impact D. surprise
第Ⅱ卷
(原创试题)第一节：根据所给语句选择词汇正确的涵义（共10个小题，每题1分，共10分）
41.The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.
42.The academic performance of her students has proved that her professional career as a teacher is unquestionable.
43.I need to obtain a part-time job because my mother's income can not cover the cost of my school fees.
44.Cars were pulled from flooded streets in downtown.
45.Those who believe money can do everything are frequently prepared to do everything for money.
A.掩盖，覆盖 B.郊区 C.频繁地 D.市中心 E.学术的 F.足够支付 G.纪律
46.The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.
47. The date of a new term drew near, I couldn't yet have a sound sleep with nightmares all night.
48.We will take the conditions into careful consideration which you have attached to this contract.
49. The entertainment department of our Student Union organizes an activity in which each class shoots a short movie.
50.The technology, in my opinion, could have applications in such fields as military, medicine and public safety.
A.射击 B.听起来 C.军事 D.香甜的 E.之前地 F.合同，契约 G.拍摄
(原创试题)第二节：根据括号内单词的适当形式填空（共10个小题，每小题1分，共10分）
51.Nothing can be more ____________(fascinate) than a smile, which can produce hope in even desperate situations.
52.This strong army ____________ (equip) with the most advanced weapons finally won the battle.
53.The child is at the stage ____________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
54.I ’m keen to watch the newly-released movie with time ____________ (permit).
55.The most ____________(impress) thing about him is his calm acceptance of whatever comes his way.
56.All luggage should be inspected and then passengers ____________(admit) into the waiting rooms.
57.Neighbors should do all they can to avoid ____________(disturb) other people.
58.With all his attention____________(concentrate) on his experiment, he has no time to accompany his families.
59.Different cultures vary so widely that even simple gestures may have a ____________(complete) different meanings in different cultures.
60.Hundreds of commuters had to be put ___________ in hotel rooms.
(原创试题)第三节 语法（共10个小题，每小题1分，共计10分）
61.When his mother asked about the marks, Mike showed the paper to his mother with an ____________(embarrass) smile.
62.The lost climbers, completely____________(exhaust), were finally rescued by a helicopter.
63.I found it ___________(astonish) that my mother coped with bringing up three children on less than thirty dollars a week.
64.In fact, it was this project that made me more ___________(interest) in computer science.
65.Mary kept weighing herself to see how much__________(heavy)she was getting.
66. Wushu, as one of our traditional sports items, ______________(teach) in many schools all over the country so far.
67.We admire Susan for her persistence, one of the young students who________(write) numerous perfect articles to the school newspaper in the past three years.
68.The electricity lamp has found worldwide applications since it__________.(invent).
69.It's generally believed that teaching is __________much an art as it is a science.
70.He speaks English well indeed, but of course not __________(fluently) than a native speaker.
第四节 语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
When Peggy Zheng first stepped into Wangmantian Village in Anhui Province, she was amazed by ___71___ primitive it was.
___72___ (hide) deep inside a mountainous area 40 kilometers away from the ___73___ (near) bus station, Wangmantian attracted Zheng, a handicraft enthusiast from Beijing, because of its fish lantern parade, a folk custom ___74___ (date) back more than 200 years.
“The parade is actually held every year around the Lantern Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month, ___75___ this year because of COVID-19 , I missed the event and didn’t get to visit the village until June,” she said.
The village still ___76___ (look) pretty much like it did a century ago. Ancient buildings and bridges ___77___ (construct) in typical Hui-style architecture, a Chinese style that has prevailed in the ancient area of Huizhou, including what is today’s Anhui.
People still live ___78___ (happy) in a pre-Internet era, communicating ___79___ other by dropping around rather than texting or using mobile phones.
“All the ___80___ (family) are more or less related to each other, mostly surnamed Wang,” Zheng said. “It is so safe here that the villagers don’t bother locking their doors during the day.”
第三部分：写作（共二节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The activity "School Sports Month" was held in our school but all the students took an active part in them. There're various club for us to choose from. I joined in the Rope Skipping Club. The coaches and seniors were very kind. They took good care of new players and helped me acquire the needing skills quickly, what gave me a sense of belonging. We trained every day with the coach watching us close. I made such great progress that I even win a prize in the competition held last week. After get used to rope skipping, I feel I am living more productive life.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
随着高考的临近，高三学生普遍感觉压力很大，现学校请你准备演讲稿，为同学们减轻压力，鼓舞气势。
1. 学会减压，高效学习；
2. 与老师交流学习上的困难；
3. 有规律的锻炼。
注意：1.词数120左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours,
Li Hua
答案
一、阅读理解（注释）
阅读A【答案】1．A 2． C 3． D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本不同内容的书，包括历史、科学、探索和人物。
【小题1】
细节理解题。由You Never Forget Your First: A Biography of George Washington部分中“historian Alexis Coe explores lesser-known aspects of Washington’s life, from his interest in animal husbandry(畜牧业) to his role as a father figure.(历史学家Alexis Coe探索华盛顿生活中鲜为人知的方方面面，从他的兴趣——畜牧业到他作为父亲的角色。)”可知，该书内容介绍的是华盛顿生活中鲜为人知的方面。故选A项。
【小题2】
细节理解题。由All We Can Save: Truth, Courage, and Solutions for the Climate Crisis部分中“The collection, All We Can Save, showcases a diverse range of experts, all working to tackle climate issues in powerful ways.(All We Can Save一书展示了各种各样的专家，他们都以强有力的方式致力于解决气候问题。)”可知，All We Can Save是关于专家如何采用强有力的措施解决气候问题的书，如果你想了解关于气候问题的话题，可以读这本书。故选C项。
【小题3】
细节理解题。由Feasting Wild: In Search of the Last Untamed Food部分中“Gina Rae La Cerva travels the globe in search of some of the planet’s last truly wild foods.( Gina Rae La Cerva在全球旅行，寻找一些地球上最后真正的野生食物。)”及The Man Who Ate Too Much: The Life of James Beard部分中“…examining the cook’s use of coded language in early cookbooks. The language itself is as rich as Beard’s fried chicken. (检查这位厨师在早期烹饪书籍中使用编码语言的情况。这本书本身就像Beard的炸鸡一样丰富。)”可知，Feasting Wild 和The Man Who Ate Too Much 两本书都提到了食物。故选D项。
阅读B
【答案】
4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B
【分析】【文章大意】本文讲述了6岁的Knox Brewer在进行其最爱的磁铁垂钓时发现了沉入湖底的保险箱后将保险箱归还原主的经历。
4.【答案】B
【解析】题干的意思是“为什么6岁的Knox Brewer喜欢磁铁垂钓？”。根据文章第一段第三句“My favorite part about doing this is when we get something up like how big or small it is, that' s my favorite part of doing this.（我在磁铁垂钓时最喜欢的部分是当我们发现得到的东西有多大或多小，这是我最喜欢的部分。）”可知，Knox Brewer最喜欢磁铁垂钓的原因在于最终结果的不确定性，结合选项，A选项的意思是“它给了他一个有趣的梦”；B选项的意思是“它使他感到非常高兴”；C选项的意思是“它使他发现了一个秘密”；D选项的意思是“它给他带来了一些意想不到的事情”，可知本题正确答案是D。
5.【答案】D
【解析】题干的意思是“第四段中下划线标注的句子可能想表达什么含义？”。首先分析划线句子“It didn’t take long for Knox to strike gold.（不久Knox就找到了金子）”，再结合下划线标注的句子后的两句“ During a Mother's Day outing，he discovered something big sitting at the bottom of Whitney Lake. With the help of a nearby stranger, he was able to fish out a locked metal safe. （在母亲节时的一次外出中，他发现惠特尼湖底有个大东西。在附近一个陌生人的帮助下，他钓起了一个锁着的金属保险箱）”可知，Knox并没有真的找到金子，下划线标注的句子中的“找到金子”实际上指的是Knox从惠特尼湖中钓起的金属保险箱，结合选项，A选项的意思是“Knox迟早会发现金子的”；B选项的意思是“Knox幸运地在湖里钓到了鱼”；C选项的意思是“Knox成功地把一个箱子从湖里捞了出来”；D选项的意思是“Knox试图为别人做正确的事”，故本题正确答案是C。
6.【答案】C
【解析】题干的意思是“从最后一段我们可以推断出有关Knox的什么信息？”。根据最后一段“For Knox, fishing turned out to be a life lesson.'He himself wants to one day become a police officer and he got a lot of fun out of them coming out and investigating，asking questions and trying get to the source,’Jonathan said. The event gave the 6-year-old a chance to play detective and a memory to treasure.（对诺克斯来说，钓鱼成为了人生的一课，Jonathan说：“他自己也希望有一天能成为一名警察，他从警察们通过调查，提问等方式来试图找到源头以解决问题的过程中获得了许多乐趣。”这次经历给了这个6岁的孩子一个扮演侦探的机会和一段值得珍藏的记忆）”可知，Knox通过本次经历体获益良多，不仅获得了一段做侦探的宝贵记忆，还确定了以后要当警察的梦想。结合选项，A选项的意思是“他没有从钓鱼中获得多少乐趣”；B选项的意思是“他从这次经历中获益匪浅”；C选项的意思是“他有机会和Jonathan一起钓鱼”；D选项的意思是“他希望有朝一日可以成为警察”，A选项为曲解原意的干扰项，C选项为过度引申的干扰项，B选项和D选项均符合文章原意，但B选项为包含概括D选项的包含概括项，根据包含项原则应选择包含项为正确答案，故本题正确答案是B。
7.【答案】B
【解析】题干的意思是“本文主要讲述了什么？”。这道题属于概括全文主旨题，需要结合全文分析，本文主要讲述了6岁的Knox Brewer在进行其最爱的磁铁垂钓时发现了沉入湖底的保险箱后将保险箱归还原主的经历。结合选项，A选项的意思是“一个小男孩找到了许多埋藏的宝藏”，本文只讲述了Knox发现了保险箱这一次经历，并未说明他发现了许多宝藏，该选项为添油加醋的干扰项；B选项的意思是“一个小男孩梦想着抓到许多鱼”，本文并未提及Knox想要钓到许多鱼，该选项为无中生有的干扰项；C选项的意思是“一个小男孩认为磁铁垂钓是他的最爱”，该选项在文中有提及，但并非文章主题，为以偏概全的干扰项；D项的意思是“一个小男孩在钓鱼时帮助揭示了一个真相”，符合文章主题，综上所述本题正确答案是D。
阅读C
【答案】8. A 9.B 10. D 11. B
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲述的是邻里关系对人们的益处，通过和家人相处关系的对比，表达了作者远亲不如近邻的观点。
8.【答案】A
【解析】题干问：研究发现了什么？根据第一段第二句提到的Surprisingly to scientists at that time，results showed that contact with family members even one's own children—had little impact on feelings of well-being or willpower.Meanwhile，friendships，especially those with neighbors，predicted lower levels of loneliness and worry，higher levels of usefulness and self-perceived respect within the community.令当时的科学家惊讶的是，研究结果显示，与家庭成员甚至自己的孩子的接触，对幸福感或意志力几乎没有影响。与此同时，友谊，尤其是与邻居的友谊，预示着较低的孤独和担忧程度，较高的有用性和在社区中的自我尊重程度。可知邻居比家庭成员对人的影响更大。A邻里之间的友谊可以长存。B人们更看重邻居而不是家人。C邻居像他们自己的孩子一样影响人。D邻居对人的影响比家庭成员的大。选D。
9.【答案】B
【解析】题干问：作者主要是如何展开第二段内容的？根据第二段第一句提到的内容The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbors are more effective at increasing well-being since they are based on nearness，common interests and lifestyle choices.这项研究表明，与邻居的相识和友谊能更有效地增加幸福感，因为它们是建立在距离、共同的兴趣和生活方式选择的基础上的。以及本段第三句提到的Family ties,on the other hand，are often characterized by a sense of responsibility，physical distance，and personal disharmony.另一方面，家庭关系往往具有责任感、距离和个人不和谐等特征。可知，作者是通过邻居和家人之间的比较来开展第二段的内容的。A通过数据分析；B通过发出指令；C通过比较；D按照时间的顺序。选C。
10.【答案】D
【解析】题干问：根据文章，什么决定了邻里关系？根据倒数第二段第一句提到的It is crucial to note here the difference between friendship and neighboring or relationships with neighbors.While friendships are based on common affection，neighboring，at its core is an instrumental relationship that is catalyzed by nearness.这里很重要的一点是要注意友谊和邻里关系或者和邻居之间的关系之间的区别。友谊的基础是共同的感情，而邻里关系的核心是一种工具关系，这种关系是由亲近所催化的。可知影响邻居关系的“亲近”。A亲近；B责任；C物理距离；D一个共同的目标。选A。
11.【答案】B
【解析】题干问：通过这篇文章我们能了解到什么？根据第二段第一句提到的内容The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbors are more effective at increasing well-being since they are based on nearness，common interests and lifestyle choices.这项研究表明，与邻居的相识和友谊能更有效地增加幸福感，因为它们是建立在距离、共同的兴趣和生活方式选择的基础上的。以及本段第三句提到的Family ties,on the other hand，are often characterized by a sense of responsibility，physical distance，and personal disharmony.另一方面，家庭关系往往具有责任感、距离和个人不和谐等特征。通过第二段的对比，可知在某些时候，邻居之间的相处要比家人之间更能增加生活的幸福感。A亲戚和邻居之间的冲突很容易发生；B邻居关系是在强迫下形成的；C远亲不如近邻；D与家人的接触是漠不关心的。选C。
阅读D
【答案】12. C 13. D 14.B 15. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章为我们解释了有些人从不增重的原因。
【小题12】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“because our personal feeling is always wrong.”（因为我们个人的感觉总是错的。）可猜测，划线句说明：作为最重要的因素之一，感觉与体型无关。Perception是“感觉”的意思。故选C项。
【小题13】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“One important hormone involved in this system is leptin （瘦素）.It helps regulate how much food we want to eat over longer periods of time, not just for our next meal.”（在这个系统中有一种重要的荷尔蒙叫做瘦素，它帮助我们在很长一段时间内调节我们想吃多少食物，而不仅仅是为了下一顿饭。）可知，瘦素可以帮助人们调节食物的摄入量。故选D项。
【小题14】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Genetics can also play a role in a person's tendency to gain or lose weight. Researchers have identified over 250 different regions of DNA that are associated with obesity, according to a 2019 study published in PLOS Genetics.”（基因也会影响一个人的增重或减重倾向。根据2019年发表在《公共科学图书馆遗传学》上的一项研究，研究人员已经确定了超过250个不同的DNA区域与肥胖有关。）可知，有些人可能天生就有体重问题，这是基因问题。故选B项。
【小题15】
推理判断题。根据第一段“How do some people manage never to gain weight?”（有些人是如何做到永远不发胖的呢?）及全文内容可知，本文的目的是来为我们解释为什么有些人从不增重。故选A项。
二、七选五（注释）【答案】16. D 17. F 18. E 19. B 20. C
三、完形填空（注释）
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24.D 25.D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31.D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. C
【分析】【文章大意】本文主要讲了现代社会社交媒体对人们的影响。一方面网络有利于人们的联系，另一方面它充满负能量使人们常常不能体会到自然中的美好。作者写了自己的一段小经历，呼吁人们回到现实生活中，体会自然的美好。
21. 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A陌生的，B困难的，C不可能的，D自然的。根据原文第一段第二行“In a time when it's so difficult to stay connected with people, this makes me sad.”（在一个很难与人保持联系的时期，这让我很难过。）可知，现在这个时代与人保持联系是很难的，因此答案为C。
22. 【答案】B
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A热爱，B分析，C调查，D发现。根据原文第一段第二三行“I love social media as it helps me stay connected with friends around the world.”（我喜欢社交媒体，因为它帮助我与世界各地的朋友保持联系。）可知，作者喜欢社交媒体，因为它帮人们保持联系，因此答案为B。
23.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A黑暗的，B强壮的，C有趣的，D相似的。根据原文第一段第三四行“On the other hand, I see the dark side.”（另一方面，我看到了黑暗的一面。）可知，作者从上文的热爱角度也看到了黑暗的一面，因此答案为C。
24. 【答案】D
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A艰难的，B不同的，C足够的，D彻底的。根据原文第一段第五行“But that's enough about negativity!”（但消极情绪就说到这里吧!）可知，作者已经说了足够多的消极内容，这里已经不想再说了，因此答案为D。
25. 【答案】D
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A自由，B积极性，C干预，D集中。根据原文第一段第五行和第六行“For today, let's focus on simple things that spread positivity!”（今天，让我们专注于传播正能量的简单事!）可知，作者在上文提及了很多消极内容，这里要开始讲一些积极内容，因此答案为D。
26. 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。A洗澡，B走路，C派对，D会议。根据原文第二段第一行“Last week, my daughter and I went for a walk on our neighbourhood trails.”（上周，我女儿和我在我们小区的小路上散步。）可知，go for a walk是固定词组搭配，表示散步，因此答案为C。
27. 【答案】B
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A石头，B脸，C礼物，D标记。根据原文第二段第二行“We had seen a few rocks painted with positive messages.”（我们看见了几块石头，上面画着积极的信息。）以及第三段第一句“We didn't just find one or two painted rocks.”（我们发现的不只是一两块彩绘岩石。）可知，此空与下文相对应，属于原词复现，因此答案为B。
28. 【答案】A
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A总结，B对待，C记录，D使闪亮。根据原文第二段第二行“We had seen a few rocks painted with positive messages and how they brightened our life.”（ 我们看见了几块石头，上面画着积极的信息。）可知，作者的生活被石头上激励的话语照亮了，因此答案为A。
29. 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A无聊的，B有压力的，C惊讶的，D感到宽慰的。根据原文第二段第二三行“On our walk last week, we took a different path and were amazed at what awaited us.”（在上周的散步中，我们选择了一条不同的道路，并对等待着我们的事物感到惊讶。）以及原文第三段第一行“There were dozens of them!”（有好几十个呢!）可知，下文提到了石头突然变得非常多，所以作者感到惊讶，因此答案为C。
30. 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A找到，B购买，C装饰，D提供。根据原文第三段第一行“We didn't just find one or two painted rocks.”（我们发现的不只是一两块彩绘岩石。）可知，作者在这里不只是找到一到两块岩石，因此答案为C。
31. 【答案】D
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A广泛地，B很少地，C几乎，D曾经。根据原文第三段第一二行“We found lovingly-painted rocks underneath almost every tree.”（我们发现几乎每棵树下都有画得很可爱的石头。）可知，作者想表达石头多到每棵树下都有，因此答案为D。
32. 【答案】A
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A声誉，B职业，C运动，D鼓励。根据原文第三段第二三行“Apart from being colourful, most of the rocks included simple messages of encouragement.”（除了色彩鲜艳之外，大多数岩石上都有简单的鼓励信息。）
33. 【答案】B
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A失败，B同意，C停止，D拒绝。根据原文第四段第一行“As I stopped to take pictures, a man walked by and said, "They really bring a smile to your face, don't they?”"（当我停下来拍照时，一个男人走过来说:“它们真的让你脸上露出了笑容，不是吗?”）可知，作者需要停下来才能拍照，因此答案为BC。
34. 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A尴尬的，B精确的，C可怕的，D可获得的。根据原文第四段第二行“As I stopped to take pictures, a man walked by and said, "They really bring a smile to your face, don't they?”It was accurate. They sure did!”（当我停下来拍照时，一个男人走过来说:“它们真的让你脸上露出了笑容，不是吗?” “对的。他们的确如此!）可知，作者认为此人说话对极了，因此答案为C。
35. 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A树木，B图画，C信息，D门。根据原文第四段第二三行“In addition to the rocks, someone had painted pictures on wood blocks and placed them at the foot of many of the trees.”（除了岩石，还有人在木块上作画，并把木块放在许多树木脚下。）可知，除了石头上的图画，有人还在树木上作画，因此答案为C。
36. 【答案】A
【解析】本题考查短语辨析。A穿上，B搜索，C听说，D看。根据原文第四段第三四行“As I looked at them, I imagined fairies living in the trees and entering through the doors.”（当我看着它们的时候，我想象着有仙女住在树上，从那些门进入。）可知，作者在仔细查看这些树木，因此答案为A。
37. 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。A见证，B举起，C想象，D测试。根据原文第四段最后一句话“Again, something was so simple but it really lifted my spirits!”（再一次，有些东西是如此简单，但它真的振奋了我的精神!）可知，lift one's spirits表示振奋了某人的精神，因此答案为C。
38. 【答案】D
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A等待，B说，C画画，D休闲。根据原文第五段第一二行“I hope whoever took the time to paint and carefully placed those treasures knows how much they mean to people walking along the trail.”（我希望那些花时间绘制并仔细放置这些珍宝的人知道，它们对沿着小径行走的人们有多么重要。）可知，上文讲述的是有人在树木和石头上画画，因此答案为D。
39. 【答案】B
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A意味，B附加，C申请，D联系。根据原文第五段第一二行“I hope whoever took the time to paint and carefully placed those treasures knows how much they mean to people walking along the trail.”（我希望那些花时间绘制并仔细放置这些珍宝的人知道，它们对沿着小径行走的人们有多么重要。）可知，对于人们来说这些图画很重要，因此答案为B。
40. 【答案】C
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。A交换，B比较，C惊讶，D影响。根据原文第五段最后一句话“It's easy to think you can't have an impact but every kind word or positive act makes a difference for someone.”（人们很容易认为自己无法产生影响，但每一句友善的话语或积极的行为都会对别人产生影响。）可知，这里作者想表达人们善意的话与积极的行为都会给他人带来影响，因此答案为C。

第Ⅱ卷
第一节：根据所给语句选择词汇正确的涵义（共10个小题，每小题1分，共计10分）
41—45. GEFDC 46—50 EDFGC
第二节：根据括号内单词的适当形式填空（共10个小题，每小题1分，共计10分）【答案】
51.fascinating 52.equipped 53.where 54.permitting 55.impressvie 56.are admitted 57.disturbing 58.concentrated 59.completely 60.up
第三节 语法（共10个小题，每小题1分，共计10分）
61.embarrassed 62.exhausted 63.astonishing 64.interested 65.heavier 66.has been taught 67.have written 68.was invented 69.as 70.more fluently
第四节、语法填空
【答案】71. how 72. Hidden 73. nearest 74. dating 75. but
76. looks 77. are constructed 78. happily 79. with 80. families
四、短文改错（注释）
【答案】1. but→and 2. them→it 3. club→clubs 4. 删除from 5. needing→needed
6. what→which 7. close→closely 8. win→won 9. get→getting 10. 在living后加a

七、书面表达（注释）
【答案】Good morning, my dear teachers and schoolmates! I feel privileged to address this academic activity and share my opinions of how to relieve stress in Grade 3 in senior high school.
To begin with, effective approaches to relieving stress and good learning habits are top priorities. Judging from my experience, it is very beneficial indeed to relax your mood and learn efficiently. In addition, we’d better communicate with our teachers when faced with learning difficulties. Last but not least, it’s advisable that we should participate in sports and outdoor activities frequently, which is of great help to build up our body and enrich our school life.
Let us believe with great efforts, we are sure to enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here.
Thank you !