2022信阳高级中学高三上学期8月暑假考试英语试题含答案

这是一份2022信阳高级中学高三上学期8月暑假考试英语试题含答案，共15页。试卷主要包含了 Fr，5 分，满分 30 分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
信阳高中 2022 届高三年级
英语试题
考试时间：2021 年 8 月 15 号下午 2:20-4:00
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
A
There are around 400,000 students in London. As university can be a costly time, many of
these students will want to look for part-time work. Here are 4 relatively easy jobs to bag yourself in
London and ensure a bit of pocket money through your university experience.
Waitressing
It is not hard to find waitressing jobs since London has an abundance of pubs and eateries.
Gumtree and Indeed are good places for such opportunities. Hospitality UK and Next door are other
great websites. However, as many of these positions are advertised on the windows of restaurants
and pubs, going inside and asking the staff there about the positions is a much better idea. This will
also demonstrate you as active and confident. Rates are around £12--15 an hour.
Mystery (神秘)shopping
It may not have you laughing to the bank but it's extra pocket money. You go at any time as a
regular customer and check out the services that the business provides. You report back to the client
and they will pay for your purchases alongside £5 —10.
Care Assistant
For those who have a heart of gold and want to help, caring is the way. There's a huge demand
for people to spend your free time with elderly people or help people with disabilities. It can be
cooking meals or making sure they're taking their medicine on time.
Receptionist
If you're a good communicator and can act professionally, a receptionist might be a great
opportunity for you, which will help you build administrative skills and experience. Receptionist
jobs are available at doctors surgeries, dentists, gyms, large offices and more.
21．Which is the preferable way to land a waitressing job?
A．Referring to Gumtree. B．Surfing Next door.
C．Inquiring about positions in person D．Contacting advertisement company.
22．What does a mystery shopper need to do?
A．Amusing bank staff. B．Working at fixed times.
C．Making purchases for clients, D．Feeding back service quality.
试卷第 1页




23．Which job helps develop your administrative skills?
A．Waitressing. B．Mystery shopping.
C．Care Assistant. D．Receptionist.
B
While I was growing up, I often heard my teachers say, “Oh, Tina is gifted in algebra.” While
watching the Olympics, my parents would say, “These gymnasts are born with such ability.”
Statements like these made me believe people were born with certain talents and if they didn't have a
particular one at birth, then they never would. Therefore, I rarely focused on algebra. Nobody told
me that if you keep trying and trying, one day a difficult task will seem easy.
Actually, I learnt this from my young daughter, Samaya. One day, I was finishing some
paperwork and I said, “Oh no, how could I have made that mistake!” Samaya instantly said, “Mum,
don't worry. Mistakes make your brain grow bigger.”
Actually, we all need to be reminded that mistakes or failures are just fine and that they are a
huge part of growth and success. However, the regular belief is the opposite. We must correct this
with our children. We must encourage them to make mistakes because that means they are trying out
new ideas.
Billionaire Sara Blakely, founder of the shapewear business Spanx, has seen many failures. She
made a living by selling fax machines for seven years. Knocking on many doors and making a lot of
mistakes was a journey she calls educational. Sara Blakely owes her risk-taking skills to the weekend
talk she had with her father.
As a child, her father would ask her the same question every weekend. "What did you fail at this
week, Sara?" He did not care how high her scores were. He wanted to know what she had tried but
failed at. When she told him about her failures and mistakes, he would give her a high five. He was
reprogramming her mind to believe that mistakes and failures are fine.
So go ahead and ask yourself and your children, “What did we fail at this week?”
24．What discouraged the author from efforts in algebra?
A．She wasn't interested in it. B．She thought she was not gifted.
C．She thought it was useless. D．She was not allowed to learn it.
25．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Keep trying is necessary. B．Failure is a path to success.
C．Mistakes are not acceptable. D．Encouragement is significant.
26．Why did Sara's father keep asking her the same question?
A．To rebuild her mindset. B．To keep her from failures.
C．To know what she hadn't tried. D．To prevent her getting high scores.
27．What would be the best title for the text?
A．A Secret to Success B．A Method of Education
C．The Magic of Mistakes D．The Power of a Fixed Mindset
试卷第 2页




C
Imagine walking by a maple (枫树)tree that is no taller than a ruler. You may think that this is a
special type of miniature tree, but it actually isn’t! Creating a tree like this is a form of art called
bonsai. Bonsai are tiny trees grown in small pots. Bonsai can be any kind of tree. They just need to
be planted in a small container and cultivated in a way that stunts their growth.
Cultivating, or taking care of, a bonsai tree requires patience and care. Pruning—removing
branches, leaves, and roots—is an important part of raising bonsai. It keeps the trees small, and it
also controls their shape. Pinching off new buds (嫩芽) and tying wire around branches help create a
beautiful design. These processes allow the grower to control what shape the bonsai tree will take as
it develops.
People who raise bonsai want their trees to look like they belong in nature. Even though it is
contained in a pot, a bonsai tree should look similar to its larger counterpart (相对物, 参照物). For
example, the bonsai maple should have the same forked branches and vibrant leaves as the full-sized
maple. This makes the bonsai a tiny copy of the full-sized maple that towers overhead.
Like other plants, bonsai need water and food from the soil. In order to keep bonsai the proper
size, you need to carefully control the amount of water and fertilizer you provide. If you want to
grow a bonsai, it is best to start with a species that grows in your area. Most bonsai do best when
kept outdoors, so they need to be able to survive the weather. If kept indoors, the bonsai must be
placed near a window. Interestingly, with proper care, bonsai can live for a hundred years or more.
28．Why does a bonsai tree need pruning frequently?
A．To control its size. B．To help it grow well.
C．To save fertilizer and water. D．To create a shape as designed.
29．What example does the bonsai maple in Para. 3 serve as?
A．One of a larger counterpart. B．A tiny copy of the full-sized maple.
C．One looking like its counterpart in nature.D．One with forked branches and vibrant leaver.
30．What advice is given to a bonsai beginner?
A．To keep the bonsai indoors. B．To start with a native species.
C．To keep bonsai the proper size. D．To control the amount of water.
31．Which would be a best title for this passage?
A．Bonsai—a special hobby. B．How to be bonsai grower.
C．What does bonsai refer to? D．Why is bonsai so popular?
D
Treasure hunts have excited people's imagination for hundreds of years both in real life and in
books such as Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island. Kit Williams，a modern writer， had the
idea of combining the real excitement of a treasure hunt with clues found in a book when he wrote a
children's story，Masquerade，in 1979. The book was about a hare，and a month before it came
试卷第 3页



out Williams buried a gold hare in a park in Bedfordshire. The book contained a large number of
clues to help readers find the hare，but Williams put in a lot of "red herrings"， or false clues，to
mislead them.
Ken Roberts，the man who found the hare，had been looking for it for nearly two years.
Although he had been searching in the wrong area most of the time，he found it by logic （逻
辑），not by luck. His success came from the fact that he had gained an important clue at the start.
He had realized that the words："One of Six to Eight" under the first picture in the book connected
the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon，the first of Henry VIII's six wives. Even here，
however，Williams had succeeded in misleading him. Ken knew that Katherine of Aragon had died
at Kimbolton in Cambridgeshire in 1536 and thought that Williams had buried the hare there. He had
been digging there for over a year before a new idea occurred to him. He found out that Kit Williams
had spent his childhood near Ampthill，in Bedfordshire，and thought that he must have buried the
hare in a place he knew well，but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon，
until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built
in her honor in 1773.
Even then his search had not come to an end. It was only after he had spent several nights
digging around the cross that he decided to write to Kit Williams to find out if he was wasting his
time there. Williams encouraged him to continue，and on February 24th 1982，he found the
treasure. It was worth ￡3000 in the beginning，but the excitement it had caused since its burial
made it much more valuable.
32．The underlined word "them"（paragraph1）refers to _______.
A．red herrings B．treasure hunts
C．Henry VIII's six wives D．readers of Masquerade
33．What is the most important clue in the story to help Ken Roberts find the hare？
A．Two stone crosses in Ampthill. B．Stevenson's Treasure Island.
C．Katherine of Aragon. D．Williams' hometown
34．Which of the following describes Roberts' logic in searching for the hare？
a. Henry VIII's six wives b. Katherines' burial place at Kimbolton
c. Williams' childhood in Ampthill d. Katherine of Aragon
e. stone crosses in Ampthill Park
A．a﹣b﹣c﹣e﹣d B．d﹣b﹣c﹣e﹣a
C．a﹣d﹣b﹣c﹣e D．b﹣a﹣e﹣c﹣d
35．What is the subject discussed in the text？
A．An exciting historical event. B．A modern treasure hunt.
C．The attraction of Masquerade. D．The importance of logical thinking.
试卷第 4页




第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂
黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reversal — change your perspective and solve your problem
It’s often your definition of a problem that limits you in finding a suitable solution. Creative
solutions require a change of perspective. 36．
The reversal technique is a creative thinking technique that is based on the thought that to
change your perspective, you sometimes need to change the order of the words in your problem
definition.
How you change the order of the words doesn’t matter much, as long as the key words are
reversed. 37． Your challenge is “How do we make sure that fewer people take cars to their work?”.
Swapping the key words, you could rephrase this challenge as “How do we make sure that fewer cars
take people to their work?” In this case, the first statement will make you think of alternative means
of transportation, like trains or bikes, while the second statement will probably make you think of
solutions like carpooling—fewer cars for the same number of people.
Not every problem statement is suitable for a reversal. Sometimes using this technique requires
you to first rephrase the question altogether. 38．For instance, the question “how might we sell more
washing machines?” is not easily reversed—there is no key word to swap with “washing machines”.
Yet, when you rephrase the question to “How might we sell more washing machines to young
parents?” you can easily change it to “How might we sell more young parents to washing machines?
39． You could interpret this last sentence as “the washing machine pays the young parents to try it
out”. Then, you could start communicating to potential buyers how much they will save each year
when they choose your energy efficient washing machine.
As this example shows, some reversals will require a very flexible way of thinking.
40． However, thinking about the tiny amount of time it will “cost” you to try out a reversal, you
have very little to lose and, potentially, lots to gain.
A．The second problem statement is much more logical.
B．Often it helps to add one more key word to the sentence.
C．Rephrasing your challenge is to change the problem statement.
D．A great way to do this is by “reversing” your problem statement.
E. For instance, imagine you are responsible for limiting the traffic jam in your area.
F. Admittedly, it is a very unusual challenge, but it might just stimulate a creative thought.
G. Not everyone will be able to move from an unreasonable statement to a useful solution.
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节 （共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最
佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
试卷第 5页




Once there were three travelers checking in a hotel. When they went out in the morning, one
traveler brought an umbrella and another one took a crutch (拐杖) 41 _ the third one left with
42 _ whatsoever.
When they were back in the evening, the man who brought an umbrella got his clothes 43 in
rain; the one taking a crutch fell, all covered with mud; but the man empty-handed kept his clothes
dry, 44 any mud on it. The former two guys felt it was 45 , so they asked the third man
why.
The third guy didn’t reply, but _ 46 asked the man with an umbrella, “Then why were you caught
in the rain 47 without falling?”
“When it was raining, I felt so 48 for my prediction that I opened the umbrella and walked in
the rain 49 . I didn’t think I would be caught in the rain, but 50 my clothes got so showered.
Going to the places which were too muddy to cross, 51 that I didn’t have a crutch for fear of
falling, I walked very carefully. It 52 _ that I walked all the way back 53 and sound.”
After hearing 54 the first man said, the third man then asked the man with a crutch why he
became muddied all over himself instead of getting showered.
He answered like this, “When it was raining, I had no umbrella, so I 55 chose those places
I could 56 from the rain to walk through. In the muddy places, I went on with my crutch, but I
hadn’t thought I fell.”
The empty-handed traveler 57 , “When it was raining, I chose the places protecting myself
from the rain and in the muddy places I kept particularly 58 , so I was neither drenched nor
fell.”
The advantages are _ 59 . Only if we create advantages by virtue of the objective
environment can we 60 a success.
41．A．When B．As C．While D．Since
42．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything
43．A．wet B．muddied C．dry D．tidy
44．A．despite B．beyond C．without D．with
45．A．common B．strange C．strict D．ordinary
46．A．besides B．otherwise C．therefore D．instead
47．A．but B．and C．or D．thus
48．A．pity B．glad C．anxious D．upset
49．A．sensitively B．curiously C．constantly D．bravely
50．A．unlikely B．unexpectedly C．unacceptably D． universally
51．A．considered B．to consider C．considering D．to have considered
52．A．turned out B．brought out C．carried out D．picked out
53．A．safe B．dirty C．hurried D．worried
54．A．what B．which C．how D．why
试卷第 6页




55．A．already B．yet C. still D．just
56．A．prevent B．protect C．shelter D．escape
57．A．confused B．regretted C．depressed D．laughed
58．A．pessimistic B．serious C．casual D．cautious
59．A．absolute B．relative C．obvious D．exact
60．A．do B．make C．take D．change
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答
题卡上。
Car registration plates (牌照) are just a series of numbers and letters, right? Well, yes…but not
for everyone.
France was the first country 61 (introduce) plates in 1893. Early number plates differed 62
shape and size, and were made of lots of different materials, including iron, cardboard and even
pressed soybeans. In fact, it was not until 1957 63 car manufacturers and the governments
agreed on standardized plates. 64 was first registered in the UK was A1. The letter “A” showed
the number was from London, while the number “1” showed it was the first number issued. At the
moment, number plates 65 (consist) of a sequence of letters and numbers are applied in the UK.
Different EU countries also use different arrangements of numbers and letters, and 66
(they) systems have changed many times because these letter-number 67 (combine) keep
running out. In the past decades, some number plates 68 (become) extremely valuable,
particularly those that spell out words. 69 (basic), numbers on the plates can be used to
represent words or parts of words. For example, “NVERLA8” means “Never Late”. And the most 70
(expense) number ever was “M1” which an anonymous buyer has acquired for ￡331,000.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有
10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
There are many different signs in the public. They tell you what to do or what not to do in a
place. Do you know what they exact mean? For example, if you go to see a film, you should enter
试卷第 7页




the cinema at the ENTRANCE and leave for the EXIT. You will either find NO SMOKING signs in
many cinemas. If you visit a museum, don’t take some photos inside the halls. You are not allowed.
You will find NO PHOTOS signs in many museum. When you drive a car, don’t park in a street
without a NO PARKING sign. Making sure you understood the signs and you won’t get into any
trouble.
第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
假定你是李华，你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以“合作共赢”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容
包括：
1.学习或生活中合作共赢的一件事；
2.你的感受。
注意：1.词数 100 左右；2.题目已为你写好。
Win-Win Cooperation
试卷第 8页




信阳高中 2022 届高三年级
英语答案解析
A 篇
21．C 22．D 23．D
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了大学生 4 种大学生的兼职工作。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第四句话“However, as many of these positions are advertised on the
windows of restaurants and pubs, going inside and asking the staff there about the positions is a much better idea.”
（然而，由于许多这样的职位都是贴在餐馆和酒吧的橱窗上的广告，所以进去询问那里的工作人员是一个
更好的主意。）可知，亲自询问职位是找一份服务员职位最好的方法。故选 C 项。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“You go at any time as a regular customer and check out the services
that the business provides. You report back to the client and they will pay for your purchases alongside £5 —10.”
（作为一个老客户，你可以随时去看看这家公司提供的服务。你向客户报告，他们将为你的购买支付 5-
10 英镑。）可知，神秘顾客需要反馈服务质量。故选 D 项。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句“If you're a good communicator and can act professionally, a
receptionist might be a great opportunity for you, which will help you build administrative skills and experience.”
（如果你善于沟通，表现得很专业，接待员对你来说可能是一个很好的机会，这将帮助你培养行政技能和
经验。）可知，接待员的工作有助于培养行政技能。故选 D 项。
B 篇
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C
本文是篇夹叙夹议文，作者借自身经历和 Sara Blakely 的故事,讲述了失败和犯错误的重要性。
24 细节理解题。根据第一段“Statements like these made me believe people were born with certain talents and if
they didn't have a particular one at birth, then they never would. Therefore, I rarely focused on algebra.（像这样
的陈述让我相信人生来就有一定的天赋，如果他们出生时没有特定的天赋，那么他们永远也不会有。因此，
我很少关注代数。）”可知,作者不认真学代数的原因是她觉得自己不具备这方面的天赋。故选 B。
25．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Actually, we all need to be reminded that mistakes or failures are just fine and
that they are a huge part of growth and success. However, the regular belief is the opposite. We must correct this
with our children. ( 事实上，我们都需要被提醒，错误和失败都是好的，它们是成长和成功的重要组成部分。
然而，人们的普遍看法恰恰相反。我们必须给我们的孩子纠正这一点。)”可知,this 指的是“犯错误是不可以
接受的”的这个观点。故选 C。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“He wanted to know what she had tried but failed at.( 他想知道她做了什
么却失败了。)”及“He was reprogramming her mind to believe that mistakes and failures are fine.( 他在重新调
整她的思想，让她相信错误和失败是没关系的)”可知,Sara 父亲问她相同问题的原因是想重塑她面对失败和
错误的态度,让她相信错误和失败是能接受的。故选 A。
27．主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Actually, we all need to be reminded that mistakes or failures are just fine and
that they are a huge part of growth and success.( 事实上，我们都需要被提醒，错误和失败都是好的，它们是
1




成长和成功的重要组成部分。)”可知,作者借自身经历和 Sara Blakely 的故事,讲述了失败和犯错误的重要性。
因此推断 C 项“错误的魔力”为最佳标题。
C 篇
28．A 29．C 30．B 31．B
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 bonsai（盆景植物）的种植方式，将植物种在很小的容器里，并以抑制其
生长的方式种植。如果护理得当，盆景植物可以活得很久。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Pruning—removing branches, leaves, and roots—is an important part of raising
bonsai. It keeps the trees small, and it also controls their shape. (修剪——除去枝叶和根——是种植盆景的重要
组成部分。它能让树木小，还能控制它们的形状。)”可知，盆景树需要频繁修剪是因为要控制它的小和形
状，即它的尺寸，故选 A 项。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段“Even though it is contained in a pot, a bonsai tree should look similar to its larger
counterpart (相对物,参照物).(即使是装在花盆里，一棵盆景树看起来也应该和更大的参照物相似。)”和“For
example, the bonsai maple should have the same forked branches and vibrant leaves as the full-sized maple. This
makes the bonsai a tiny copy of the full-sized maple that towers overhead.(例如，盆景枫树应该有和正常大小的
枫树相同的分叉的树枝和充满活力的叶子。这使得这个盆景变成了一幅高高耸立在头顶上的枫木迷你复制
品。) ”可推知，bonsai maple 在本段中作为例子是说明盆景植物应该看起来像它在自然界的对应物。故选
C 项。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段“If you want to grow a bonsai, it is best to start with a species that grows in your
area. (如果你想种植盆景，最好从你所在地区的植物开始。)”可知作者对于刚开始种植盆景植物的建议是
从种植本地物种开始。故选 B 项。
31．标题判断题。根据第一段“Bonsai are tiny trees grown in small pots. Bonsai can be any kind of tree. They
just need to be planted in a small container and cultivated in a way that stunts their growth.(盆景是种在小盆里的
小树。盆景可以是任何一种树。它们只需要种植在一个小容器中，并以抑制其生长的方式种植。) ”以及全
文内容对种植盆景的方法，盆景对环境需求和其他种植要求的说明可知，本文主旨是介绍培育盆景植物的
方法，教读者如何成为一名盆景种植者。因此 B 项“如何成为盆栽种植者。”符合主旨，适合作为本文的标
题，故选 B 项。
D 篇
32．D 33．C 34．C 35．B
本文是一篇说明文。寻宝一直以来都刺激着人们丰富的想象力，不管在生活中还是在小说中，本文主要讲
了作家 Kit Williams 在其作品中设计了一项现代寻宝活动以及 Ken Roberts 是如何找到宝藏的。
32．词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“The book contained a large number of clues to help readers find the hare，”
可知，书中包含了大量的线索来帮助读者找到兔子，此处承接上文，说的是 Williams 在书中加入了大量的
“误导”，即虚假的线索来误导读者，由此可知，此处 them 指代上文的 readers。故答案为 D。
33．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon， until
one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.
2




（但他仍然看不到与阿拉贡的凯瑟琳有什么联系，直到有一天他在安普特希尔公园发现了两个石制十字架，
并得知它们是为纪念她而建于 1773 年）” 可知，阿拉贡的凯瑟琳是重要的线索。故答案为 C。
34．细节理解题。首先比较 A、B、C、D 四个选项中排序的异同，确认开头两项为 a、b，d、b，a、d 还
是 b、a。根据第二段“He had realized that the words："One of Six to Eight" under the first picture in the book
connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon，the first of Henry VIII's six wives.（他意识到，书中第
一页中的“六到八个人中的一个”将野兔与亨利八世的六位妻子中的第一位阿拉贡的凯瑟琳联系起来。）”
中确认 a.HenryⅧ's six wives 在前；缩小范围看第二步，比较 b，d，由六位妻子中的一位将目标缩小到
Katherine of Aragon，故 d. Katherine of Aragon 是第二位，结合选项可知答案为 C .a，d， b，c，e，可以对
照短文内容再来验证一下，接下来依次是：肯了解到阿拉贡的凯瑟琳 1536 年死在剑桥郡的金博尔顿，所
以认为威廉姆斯把野兔埋在那里了；他发现 Kit Williams 的童年是在贝德福德郡的安普蒂尔附近度过的；
他在安普蒂尔公园发现了两个石头十字架。故答案为 C。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章首句“Treasure hunts have excited people's imagination for hundreds of years both in
real life and in books such as Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island.（数百年来，无论是在现实生活中，还
是在罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森的《金银岛》等书中，寻宝活动都激发了人们的想象力。）”可知文章接下来
主要讲作家 Kit Williams 在其作品中设计了一项现代寻宝活动以及 Ken Roberts 是如何找到宝藏的。结合
选项可知 B. A modern treasure hunt.(现代寻宝)概括较为准确。其余三个选项在文中均有不同程度的涉及，
但都只是一个环节或某一方面，不能成为贯穿始终的主题，应予舍弃。故答案为 B。
E 篇 36．D 37．E 38．B 39．F 40．G
本文是一篇说明文。文章通过举例子介绍了一种解决问题的思维方式——逆向思维，描述了它的好处和表
现形式。
36．根据上文“Creative solutions require a change of perspective.（创造性的解决方案需要改变观点。）”以及
下文“The reversal technique is a creative thinking technique（逆向技术是一种创造性思维技术）”可猜测，划
线句写的是创造性的解决方案是逆向技术。D 选项“A great way to do this is by “reversing” your problem
statement.”（一个很好的方法是“颠倒”你的问题陈述。）符合题意，故选 D 项。
37．根据上文“How you change the order of the words doesn’t matter much, as long as the key words are
reversed.（你如何改变单词的顺序并不重要，只要关键字颠倒过来就行。）”以及下文“Your challenge is
“How do we make sure that fewer people take cars to their work?”. Swapping the key words, you could rephrase
this challenge as “How do we make sure that fewer cars take people to their work?””.（你面临的挑战是“我们如
何确保开车上班的人更少?”换掉关键词，你可以把这个挑战重新表述为“我们如何确保更少的车载着人们
去上班?”）”可知，本段是在举关键字颠倒过来的例子，并且有关于道路交通。E 选项“For instance,
imagine you are responsible for limiting the traffic jam in your area.”（例如，设想你要负责限制你所在地区的
交通堵塞。）符合题意，故选 E 项。
38．根据前文“Sometimes using this technique requires you to first rephrase the question altogether.（有时使用
这个技巧需要你首先重新表达问题。）”以及下文“For instance, the question “how might we sell more washing
machines?” is not easily reversed—there is no key word to swap with “washing machines”.（例如，“我们如何才
能卖出更多的洗衣机?”没有一个关键词可以和“洗衣机”互换。）”可知，重新表达问题与关键词有关。B 选
3




项“Often it helps to add one more key word to the sentence.”（通常，在句子中再加一个关键词是有帮助的。）
符合题意，故选 B 项。
39．根据前文“Yet, when you rephrase the question to “How might we sell more washing machines to young
parents?” you can easily change it to “How might we sell more young parents to washing machines?（然而，当
你把这个问题重新表述为“我们如何才能向年轻的父母出售更多洗衣机?”你可以很容易地把它改成“我们如
何才能让更多的年轻父母喜欢洗衣机?”）”可知，这种办法可以激发创造性思维。F 选项“Admittedly, it is a
very unusual challenge, but it might just stimulate a creative thought.”（诚然，这是一个非常不寻常的挑战，但
它可能会激发创造性思维。）符合题意，故选 F 项。
40．根据前文“As this example shows, some reversals will require a very flexible way of thinking.（正如这个例
子所示，一些反转将需要非常灵活的思维方式。）”以及后文“However, thinking about the tiny amount of
time it will “cost” you to try out a reversal, you have very little to lose and, potentially, lots to gain.（然而，考虑
一下你尝试逆转的时间“成本”，你不会损失什么，但潜在地，你会得到很多。）”可猜测，做出这些反转
很困难，要耗脑力。G 选项“Not everyone will be able to move from an unreasonable statement to a useful
solution.”（不是每个人都能从一个不合理的陈述变成一个有用的解决方案。）符合题意，故选 G 项。
【完形填空答案】
【小题 41】C【小题 42】B【小题 43】A【小题 44】C【小题 45】B
【小题 46】D【小题 47】A【小题 48】B【小题 49】D【小题 50】B
【小题 51】C【小题 52】A【小题 53】A【小题 54】A【小题 55】D
【小题 56】C【小题 57】D【小题 58】D【小题 59】B【小题 60】B
试题分析：三个旅行者外出，带雨伞的人反被淋湿，带拐杖的人摔的浑身是泥，而两手空空的人既没有被
淋湿也没有摔倒。因为他明白只有当我们根据客观环境来创建物品的优势我们才能够成功。
【小题 41】考查连词和语境理解。A. when 当时 B. as 按照；随着；因为；尽管 C. while 当；尽管；然而
D. since 自从；既然。前两个人出门一个带了雨伞，一个带了拐杖，然而第三个人什么也没带。表示转折
选 C。
【小题 42】考查代词和语境理解。A. anything 任何事 B. nothing 没有事 C. something 某事 D. everything 一
切 。从下文 but the man empty-handed kept his clothes dry, __ any mud on it.得知第三个人什么也没带既
没有挨雨淋也没有摔倒在泥泞中。选 B。
【小题 43】考查动词和语境理解。A. wet 潮湿 B. muddied 泥泞 C. dry 干燥 D. tidy 清洁。带雨伞外出的人
回来时，衣服却淋湿了。选 A。
【小题 44】考查介词和语境理解。A. despite 尽管 B. beyond 超出 C. without 没有 D. with 和。第三个人身
上没有被淋湿也没有沾上泥土。选.C。
【小题 45】考查形容词和语境理解。A. common 普通的 B. strange 奇怪的 C. strict 严格的 D. ordinary 普通
的。前两个人感到很奇怪，不理解这是为什么？选 B。
【小题 46】考查副词和语境理解。A. besides 另外 B. otherwise 否则 C. therefore 因此 D. instead 相反。第三
个人没有回答他们的问题，相反问带雨伞外出的人。选 D。
4




【小题 47】考查连词和语境理解。A. but 但是 B. and 并且 C. or 或者 D. thus 因此。问他为什么挨雨淋了但
是没有摔倒。表示转折选 A。
【小题 48】考查形容词和语境理解。A. pity 可惜 B. glad 高兴的 C. anxious 焦虑的 D. upset 失望的。当下雨
时我太高兴自己的预期是正确的。选 B。
【小题 49】考查副词和语境理解。A. sensitively 敏感 B. curiously 好奇 C. constantly 不断 D. bravely 勇敢。
我就勇敢地的打伞走在雨中。 选 D。
【小题 50】考查副词和语境理解。A. unlikely 不可能的 B. unexpectedly 出乎意料 C. unacceptably 不能接受
D. universally 全宇宙地。我以为不会淋雨，没有想到给淋了个落汤鸡。选 B。
【小题 51】考查非谓语动词和语境理解。A. considered 考虑的过去时态 B. to consider 不定式 C.
considering 现在分词 D. to have considered 不定式的完成时。在过泥泞的道路时，我考虑到我没有拿拐杖，
害怕会摔倒我就走的格外小心。主语是人，人与考虑是主动关系，用 doing 形式。选 C。
【小题 52】考查动词短语和语境理解。A. turned out 结果是 B. brought out 阐明 C. carried out 执行 D.
picked out 挑出。这样小心的走回来，结果证明我安然无恙，没有摔倒。选 A。
【小题 53】考查形容词和语境理解。A. safe 安全的 B. dirty 脏的 C. hurried 匆忙的 D. worried 担心的。因
为当时格外注意，所以没有摔倒，表示安然无恙用 safe and sound，选 A。
【小题 54】考查连词和语境理解。A. what 什么 B. which 哪一个 C. how 如何 D. why 为什么 。听完第一个
人的话，动词“听”后面是宾语从句，从句中“说”缺少宾语，因此用 what。选 A。
【小题 55】考查副词和语境理解。A. already 已经 B. yet 然而 C. still 仍然 D. just 仅仅。 带拐杖而没有带伞
的的这个人说：“下雨时我没有雨伞，因此我仅仅是选择可以避雨的地方行走。选 D。
【小题 56】考查动词和语境理解。A. prevent 阻止 B. protect 保护 C. shelter 避难所 D. escape 逃跑。为了不
被淋湿我选择可以避雨的地方走。选 C。
【小题 57】考查动词和语境理解。A. confused 困惑 B. regretted 后悔 C. depressed 沮丧 D. laughed.大笑 。
两手空空的这个旅行者听完大笑。选 D。
【小题 58】考查形容词和语境理解。A. pessimistic 悲观的 B. serious 严肃的 C. casual 随便的 D. cautious 谨
慎的。他说：“下雨时，我选择可以避雨的地方，在泥泞的地方，我倍加小心，因此我既没有被淋湿也没
有摔倒。选 D。
【小题 59】考查形容词和语境理解。A. absolute 绝对的 B. relative 相关的；相对的 C. obvious 明显的 D.
exact 准确的。优点都是相对的。选 B。
【小题 60】考查动词和语境理解。A. do 做事 B. make 制作 C. take 带走 D. change 改变 。只有当我们根据
客观环境来创建物品的优势我们才能够成功。选 B。
语法填空
61．to introduce 62．in 63．that 64．What 65．consisting
66．their 67．combinations 68．have become 69．Basically 70．expensive
这是 一篇说明文 。文章介绍了车牌的发展史，包括材质、形状以及车牌上数字和字母所代表的含义等。
5




61．考查非谓语动词。句意：1893 年，法国是第一个引入车牌的国家。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型
“be+形容词+to do sth.”，故填 to introduce。
62．考查介词。句意：早期车牌在形状和大小上都不相同。分析句子可知，differ in 为固定词组，意为
“在……方面不同”，故填 in。
63．考查强调句型。句意：事实上，直到 1957 年，汽车制造商和政府才就标准化车牌达成一致。分析句
子可知，此处为强调句型“it is/was not until…that…”，意为“直到……才”，故填 that。
64．考查连接代词。句意：在英国首次注册的是 A1。分析句子可知，此句为主语从句，从句缺少主语，
因此需要连接代词 what 做主语，且在句首需大写，故填 What。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，由一系列字母和数字组成的车牌在英国适用。分析句子可知，number
plates 与 consist 是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词作定语，故填 consisting。
66．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：不同的欧盟国家之间也使用不同的数字和字母安排，他们的系统已经
改变了很多次，因为这些字母和数字的组合在不断耗尽。分析句子可知，修饰名词 systems 需用形容词性
物主代词，故填 their。
67．考查名词。句意：不同的欧盟国家之间也使用不同的数字和字母安排，他们的系统已经改变了很多次，
因为这些字母和数字的组合在不断耗尽。分析句子可知，these 为修饰可数名词复数的指示代词，应使用
名词复数。故填 combinations。
68．考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，一些车牌变得极其宝贵，特别是那些拼出单词的车牌。分
析句子可知，in the past decades 一般与现在完成时连用，主语 some number plates 是复数概念，故填 have
become。
69．考查副词。句意：基本上，盘子上的数字可以表示单词或部分单词。分析句子可知，修饰整个句子时
要使用副词，故填 Basically。
70．考查形容词。句意：有史以来，最贵的一个车牌是一名匿名买家以 331000 英镑购买的 M1。分析句子
可知，修饰名词 number 需用形容词，故填 expensive。
短文改错
【小题 71】去掉 the【小题 72】exact 改为 exactly【小题 73】for 改为 through
【小题 74】either 改为 also【小题 75】some 改为 any【小题 76】allowed 后面加 to
【小题 77】museum 改为 museums【小题 78】without 改为 with
【小题 79】Making 改为 Make【小题 80】understood 改为 understand
书面表达 One possible version：
Win-Win Cooperation
One of my best friends is an exchange student. At the beginning, he asked if I could assist him on how to use
chopsticks. I couldn’t agree more as I can practice speaking English as well. When teaching him, I managed to
make myself understood. By the time he was able to use chopsticks skillfully, my spoken English had improved a
lot, which was beyond my expectation.
As the saying goes, “Helping others is helping ourselves.” This experience not only brings me a valuable
friendship but also makes me realize the meaning of cooperation.
6