2022省大庆铁人中学高三上学期开学考试英语试题含答案

铁人中学2019级高三上学期开学考试

英语试题

试题说明：1、本试题满分150分，答题时间120分钟。         

2、请将答案填写在答题卡上，考试结束后只交答题卡。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分：基础知识考查（每小题1分，共30小题, 满分 30 分）

1. An outbreak of fire or an accident is an ________.

2.I have a______to talk too much when I am nervous.

3.Reduced-calorie cheese is a great_______ for cream cheese.

4. The boss gave her a _______because of her diligence. 

5. They will begin their ________to Antarctica next month.

6. A new color match will _______ your bedroom. 

7. We need to ________ the sales in Asian market .

8. Rumors began to ________about his financial problems . 

9. I suspect them of nothing, I would swear they would never  _______ me.

10.The electricity industry can _________large amounts of fossil fuels.

11. ________documents were presented in court yesterday. 

12.I must stress that everything I’ve told you is strictly __________. 

13. The room was decorated with _________ flowers. 

14.The heat in the desert is  ________ . 

15.The TV show was interrupted by too many ________advertisements.

16. He found some old photos in the drawer ________ .

17.  ________, I disagreed with his proposal, but later I agreed .

18. Her voice is ________ recognizable.

19.I accepted this job __________ for the high salary. 

20. ___________, the article can be summarized in three sentences. 

21. The shampoo leaves your hair smelling deliciously fresh and ________.

22. He found that little TV extremely______. 

23. Brand-building in the west by Chinese companies is at ________stage. 

24. Unfortunately, this is not an ________ incident.

25. Their ______military strength gives them a huge advantage. 

26. He had made a thorough investigation, ________he knew so much about it. 

27.  ________ the staff, I wish to extend our warmest welcome to you. 

28. He has just installed a safety device for his car ________break failure. 

29. _______, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.

30. All people are ________to express his own opinion.

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节: (共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Top Things to Do With Kids in London

Play at the Museum of London Docklands

Address: No. 1 WarehouseLondon E14 4AL, the UK

The Museum of London Docklands has a great play area called "Mudlarks." Everything is themed around life in the London docks, so big kids can weigh goods or put tea sets into a model ship while the smaller kids get to move around and play with large foam(泡沫） bananas and London buses or pretend to drive a DLR (Docklands Light Railway) train.

Take a Picture in Kensington Gardens

Address: London W22UH, the UK

Stop by the bronze statue of the fictional character Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens, which is located next to Hyde Park, for the opportunity to take a photo and even read one of the famous Peter Pan stories by J.M.Barrie. The exact location of the statue was chosen by Barries,who lived close to Kensington Gardens and published his first Peter Pan story in 1902 using the park for inspiration.

Explore the London Dungeon

Address: The Queen's Walk, London SE1 7PB, the UK

The London Dungeon calls itself "the world's most famous horror attraction". The new London dungeon, which moved from Tooley Street to its new home near County Hall and the London Eye and cost millions of pounds to build, features live actors dressed in scary clothes as historical figures, realistic special effects and two breathtaking rides to bring back a thousand years of London's dark past.

See the Animals at the London Zoo

Address: Outer Circle,London NW1 4RY, the UK

The London Zoo is an excellent family day out for kids and adults, and once you're inside you can easily spend a whole day there. Daily events include a tropical bird tour, the Megabugs Live show, a showcase of big fish, and an event known as Giraffe High Tea as well as shows with birds and small animals at the Animals in Action Amphitheatre.

31. What can you learn about the Museum of London Docklands?

A. It provides Mudlarks for parents to rest.

B. Its play area is suitable for kids of all ages.

C. Big kids can make foam bananas for small kids there.

D. Kids can have the chance of driving a Docklands Light Railway train.

32. When exploring the London Dungeon, visitors________.

A. would learn more about London's history

B. could understand the reason and process of its relocation

C. will experience two breathtaking rides around London

D. can dress up as historical figures to create London's history

33. If you want to enjoy a tropical bird tour, you can go to________.

A. The Queen's Walk,London SE1 7PB, the UK

B. London W22UH,the UK

C. Outer Circle,London NW1 4RY, the UK

D. No.1 Warehouse,London E14 4AL,the UK

B

Where should an adventurous tourist go? After you’ve done sightseeing in London，shopping in New York，tasted the local food in Paris，and danced to your heart’s content at the Brazilian Carnival，where else can you go? What exotic(异国风情的) tourist destination awaits you?

 Well，Antarctica sounds like the holiday of a lifetime! It’s considered the last great wilderness on Earth. Just a few scientists in research stations share the icy landscape with penguins and other animals which can cope with the low temperatures.

 Tourism began in Antarctica in the 1950s and it’s still a small scale. About 37,000 tourists are expected there this season,but many won’t even leave the boat.

 The BBC’s Juliet Rix visited the frozen continent and asked herself if she should be there at all,causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment. Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place,the accessible coastline,which is also where the penguins and seals go to breed.

 But some people believe that if carefully controlled,tourism can be good for Antarctica. It has no native population and it needs advocates. Visitors to the icy continent might be ready to support and even to fund its preservation. And they’re likely to engage in the discussion about global warming,which has led to the melting of glaciers.

 According to Rix，guidelines are followed when you’re about to set foot in Antarctica and tourists have to disinfect (为……消毒) their boots to make sure no alien species are introduced.

 And once on land，there’s no eating or smoking.Rocks，bone fragments—nothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind.Tourists fortunate enough to visit Antarctica must be aware that this is not their home and keep their fingers crossed that future generations will also be able to enjoy such breathtaking views.

34．According to the second paragraph，we can learn that ________．

A．Antarctica has become the best place for people to travel

B．Only scientists can be allowed to go to Antarctica

C．Antarctica is less affected by human activities

D．No animals can survive in Antarctica except penguins

35．Juliet Rix’s travel in Antarctica mentioned in the fourth paragraph indicates that ________．

A．Governments should take measures to stop tourists from going to Antarctica

B．Whether tourists should go to Antarctica or not should be considered carefully

C．The animals’ habitat in Antarctica has been seriously affected by tourism

D．Only journalists begin to pay attention to the environmental protection in Antarctica

36．Which of the following statements is true according to Rix?

A．Tourists can eat and smoke in Antarctica.

B．Tourists can take something they like from Antarctica.

C．Tourists can throw away something they don’t need in Antarctica.

D．Tourists can enjoy the beautiful scenery in Antarctica.

37．Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

A．Why Can’t Tourists Go to Antarctica?

B．How Can Tourists Go to Antarctica?

C．Should Tourists Go to Antarctica?

D．Are Tourists Allowed to Go to Antarctica?

                                            C

Almost all calligraphy(书法) lovers agree that writing characters with a brush and ink on straw paper offers a way to communicate with not only history and culture, but also oneself. But now Chinese character handwriting is under threat from computers and mobile phones.

A college graduate looking for a job was reportedly turned down by a company because he wrote 24 characters incorrectly in a 400­character handwritten resume. A survey by HorizonKey, covering people from 12 major cities in China, found that nearly one third of those interviewed often experience “character amnesia(遗忘)”， with 94 percent saying this is a problem for them.

The main reason is that most Chinese rely too much on the pinyin­based Chinese language input method, which is replacing the tradition of writing characters stroke(笔画) by stroke. The software will conveniently choose the right characters according to the context or word frequency, as there are dozens of characters with the same pronunciation in Chinese.

Education is another problem. In college, most homework and papers are printed out, instead of handwritten. And few teachers use chalk and blackboards, with Microsoft's PowerPoint the most­often used software to teach knowledge to students.

The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason why students are easily satisfied with just a poor knowledge of the Chinese language and characters. It is quicker to look up a character in an electronic dictionary, but traditional printed dictionaries offer more detailed information on the usage and meaning of the characters. Students pay more attention to remembering a character's pronunciation, but not the other knowledge related to it, which e­dictionaries rarely provide.

Another worry is the “pollution” of Chinese characters by Internet language. Young people regard using Internet language as cool and fashionable. After they learn to use these expressions, they automatically include them in their writing.

38．With the example of a college graduate, the author shows ________.

A．that practicing can improve writing

B．why certain people are poor writers

C．that there are differences in students' writing

D．why Chinese character handwriting is in great danger

39．By saying “...those interviewed often experience ‘character amnesia(遗忘)’”， the writer means those interviewed ________.

A．are not good at handwriting

B．can't write characters accurately

C．show no interest in handwriting

D．find jobs much more difficultly

40．What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 5?

A．Dependence on electronic devices.

B．Advantages of electronic dictionaries.

C．Mastery of knowledge of the characters.

D．Disadvantages of published dictionaries.

41．What's the writer's attitude towards the Internet language?

A．Favorable.    B．Uncaring.  C．Disapproving.    D．Friendly.

D

Everyone who has eaten instant noodles knows that it’s very easy to cook them quickly. However, have you ever heard of the danger of eating them?

When taking out the noodles from the packaging, you will notice that they are joined together nicely as a piece. Do you know that it needs some form of wax coating (蜡涂层) to make them joined together nicely? Many people don’t really care much about it because this seems very normal. However, studies have shown that the wax coating is bad for our body.

It is advisable to have a break of 2-3 days before we start to eat another packet of instant noodles because our body needs about 3 days to clear that wax coating away. Do you know the danger of having too much wax coating in our stomach? It will lead to cancer if it is in our body for so long.

Luckily, there is a way of reducing the danger before we eat instant noodles. First, wash the noodles with warm water, stir (搅拌) them and pour away the water containing the wax coating. Then repeat the first step and try to stir them again to wash away the wax coating on the noodles before cooking them. The shop vendors (供应商) will often wash away the dangerous wax coating.

It is very easy to cook instant noodles but we must pay attention to the wax coating if we eat too much. Imagine having too much of it in your stomach. Oh, my! Hope this article will help more people know about the hidden danger!

42. What should you do before eating instant noodles according to the writer?

A. Stir the noodles twice in really cold water.

B.Stop the noodles from joining together.

C. Wash away the wax coating on the noodles.

D. Drink large amounts of warm or hot water.

43. How does the author feel about eating 2 packets of instant noodles in a day?

A. Healthy B. Dangerous C. Happy     D. Angry

44. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. The instant noodle. B. The hidden danger.

C. The attention. D. The wax coating.

45. The author writes this text mainly to _____ .

A. introduce delicious instant noodles to people.

B. tell people the danger of eating wax coating.

C. help us to know the good part of wax coating.

D. share with us a safer way to eat instant noodles.

第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Why are some people successful and others aren’t? What’s the secret of success?    __46___ . 

Many of Gladwell’s ideas appear in his social psychology bestseller Outliers. _47____ Gladwell thinks that this is just an excuse for not trying… and if you really want to be good at something, you have to work at it.“Practice isn’t the thing you do once you’re good,” Gladwell writes. “It’s the thing you do that makes you good.”

Central to the book is the “10,000-hour rule”. It means that if you want to be among the best in the world, you need to practise something for 10,000 hours.  ____48_ For example, the Beatles played live in Hamburg more than 1,200 times between 1960 and 1964, which is more than 10,000 hours of playing time. And when Microsoft chairman Bill Gates was 13, he was given access to a high school computer (one of the few available in the country), allowing him to practise computer programming for more than (Yes, you guessed it!) 10, 000 hours.

___49__ Take the example of Christopher Langan, who’s mentioned in the book. He’s got an IQ of between 195 and 210 (Albert Einstein’s IQ was estimated to have been between 160 and 180). As a boy at school, Langan was able to take an exam in a foreign language he’d never studied and pass it after just skim-reading a text book for three minutes. However, Langan never graduated from university and worked in labour-intensive jobs his whole life. This proves that intelligence alone will not lead to success—you need hard work, support, finance and opportunities. Gladwell adds, “No one—not rock stars, not professional athletes, not software billionaires, and not even geniuses—ever makes it alone.”

___50__ Even after you’ve put in your 10,000 hours of practice, you still need one other key ingredient ----luck. So, you could be the most amazing guitarist in the world, but unless you’re lucky enough to play in front of a record company executive who sees a way of exploiting that talent, you aren’t going to be seeing your name in lights.

A. It isn’t just a question of time and support.

B. Author Malcolm Gladwell thinks he knows.

C. That’s equal to three hours a day for 10 years.

D. Of course, many people argue that you can create your own “luck”.

E. The popular view is that some of us are born talented and others aren’t.

F. The interesting thing is that success is not closely related to intelligence.

G. Someone who’s willing to practise something for 10.000 hours is probably active.

第三部分 英语知识运用

完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题中所给的四个选项（ABCD）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got   51   when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his   52   took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy   53  .

For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was   54   his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the   55   of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who’d taken his bike really needed   56   to get to work?

With that thought in mind, Pruitt   57   a plan and posted it on the community website. He   58   to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair again   59  . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn’t have the

 60   to buy one.

The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty   61   bicycles. Then came more than 500   62   for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be   63   to their owners.

Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are   64   struggling.   65   simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.

In addition to   66   skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community.   67  , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.

“It’s a really great   68   for kids, ” said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. “Pruitt is certainly providing a   69  , but it’s not just the bikes. It’s the relationships in the community. It’s the   70   that he can make on people. ”

51. A. mad B. frightened C. curious D. amazed

52. A. career B. emotions C. route D. opinions

53. A. yet B. together C. instead D. ever

54. A. ride B. lock C. repair D. replace

55. A. lack B. variety C. quality D. increase

56. A. permission B. qualification C. transportation D. instruction

57. A. came up with B. stuck to C. gave up D. broke away from

58. A. hesitated B. refused C. remembered D. offered

59. A. on credit B. in advance C. for free D. by accident

60. A. excuse B. budget C. courage D. profit

61. A. expensive B. used C. shared D. modern

62. A. notices B. announcements C. advertisements D. enquiries

63. A. returned B. sold C. lent D. exported

64. A. slightly B. hardly C. truly D. instantly

65. A. Among B. Upon C. Beyond D. Without

66. A. practical B. mathematical C. commercial D. social

67. A. However B. Otherwise C. Somehow D. Meanwhile

68. A. comfort B. celebration C. promise D. experience

69. A. suggestion B. service C. ceremony D. competition

70. A. compromise B. impact C. impression D. progress

第Ⅱ卷

第一节：语法填空（共10题，每题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

From the first day I arrived in Kunming, I had my understanding of China 71___ (change). Far from being narrow-minded and hostile to 72 ____ (foreign) ，people came up to talk to me the first time I went out on the street. It happened to be all in Chinese, so I didn’t understand much, 73_____it did cause me to rethink my assumptions.

As my Chinese improved, this continued throughout my stay, from my landlord introducing me to people who could help us learn Chinese to 74 ____(get) to know the couple who ran a noodle restaurant nearby.

If you’re interested in other people, their culture, and their language, they’ll be 75 ____ (friend) to you. China isn’t 76     exception. Don’t judge a country by its media coverage, 77____(especial) some Western media, which have much prejudice.

I saw a very different kind of China with my own eyes. Kunming, 78_____ I lived for most of my stay, wasn’t much polluted. I had frank conversations with Chinese people about almost everything. Still China is developing，but the economic 79_____(grow)means that most people 80_____(see) their living standards improve rapidly in the last 20 years. People I spoke with were generally optimistic about the future.

第二节：短文改错（满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:​

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

 Our school is holding an activity to help a school in the poor area, which not only help the students there enrich their lives but also enables us to feel the joy of sharing and appreciate it what we have by helping others.

Here is that we can do. First, we can donate our using books, clothes, basketballs, electronic products and so on to them. Second, we can write letters to them regular to share opinions and make friend with them. In addition, invite them to our homes to spend holidays is a good way, where may give them some unforgettable experiences.

You are all welcome to join in the activity do what you can to make the better world for us all!

第三节  写作（满分25分）

假如你叫李华，你的英国笔友Peter在中国象棋网络挑战赛(Chinese Chess Network Challenge Competition)中荣获一等奖。现在请你给他写一封电子邮件。要点如下：

1．表示祝贺；

2．赞扬对方的付出；

3．向对方学习。

注意：

1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

 Dear Peter，

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________                         

                                              Yours, 

                                                                Li Hua

铁人中学2019级高三上学期开学考试

英语试题答案

基础词汇

1-5 DEBCA    6-10 EABDC    11-15 ACBDE     16-20 CABDE

21-25 DEACB   25-30CBAED

阅读理解

31-33 BAC  34-37CBDC  38-41DBAC  42-45CBDB  46-50 BECFA

完形填空

51-55 ABCDA   56-60 CADCB  61-65 BDACC   66-70 ADDBB

语法填空

71. changed  72. foreigners   73. but       74. getting     75. friendly

76. an       77. especially   78. where     79. growth     80. have seen

改错 

Our school is holding an activity to help a school in the poor area, which not only help the students there enrich their lives but also enables us to feel the joy of sharing and appreciate it what we have by helping others.

Here is that we can do. First, we can donate our using books, clothes, basketballs, electronic products and so on to them. Second, we can write letters to them regular to share opinions and make friend with them. In addition, invite them to our homes to spend holidays is a good way, where may give them some unforgettable experiences.

You are all welcome to join in the activity do what you can to make the better world for us all!

【答案】1.help→helps 2.删除it 3.that→what 4.using→used 5. regular→regularly 6.  friend→ friends  7. invite→inviting   8.where→which  9.在do前加to   10.the→a

参考范文

Dear Peter，

It's amazing that you have won first prize in the Chinese Chess Network Challenge Competition as a foreigner. I can't wait to write to express my sincere congratulations to you.

No pains, no gains. I remember that in the past few years you have sacrificed your spare time to improve your skills. Consequently，Your devotion and diligence account for your constant progress. You really set an example for me and push me to move forward.

As a Chinese chess lover, I hope you can teach me some chess techniques. Please let me know when you're available. Look forward to your reply!

Yours，

Li Hua