2021钦州高二下学期期末考试物理试题扫描版含答案

这是一份2021钦州高二下学期期末考试物理试题扫描版含答案，共9页。
钦州市2021年春季学期教学质量监测参考答案高二 物 理一、单项选择题（24分）题号12345678答案CADBBDAC二、多项选择题（16分）题号9101112答案BDBCACAD13.（每空3分，共6分） （1）变小　　 （2）10014.（每空3分，共9分） （1）小球2的落点到管口的水平距离   （2）   （3）   15.（8分）解析：（1）感应电动势最大值    ······················································2分表达式为   ················································2分（2）有效值 ························································1分由闭合电路欧姆定律得   ·····································1分电阻上所消耗的电功率 ······································2分16.（10分）解析：（1）金属杆速度最大时产生的感应电动势为  ①  ···························1分 感应电流为                   ②  ···························1分金属杆所受的安培力大小为    ③  ····························1分根据平衡条件可得              ④   ···························1分联立①②③④并代入数据解得   ································1分 （2）设杆从静止开始运动至最大速度的过程中回路产生的总电热为，根据功能关系可得      ⑤ ··································2分根据焦耳定律可得        ⑥ ·································2分解得 ····················································1分17．（12分）解析：（1）设球质量，球下滑的过程， ·························1分代入数据可解得 ·································1分（2）设球的质量为，球进入水平轨道之后与弹簧正碰并压缩弹簧，当、相距最近时，两球速度相等，弹簧的弹性势能最大，设此时、的速度为，由动量守恒得   ············································2分由能量守恒可得弹簧的弹性势能   ······························2分联立方程，代入数据可解得 ··································1分（3） 当弹簧恢复原长时，设、的速度分别为、，之后、分离，这也就是它们的最终速度，由动量守恒可得 -              2分再根据能量守恒可得  ·······································2分联立两式，代入数据可解得， ·································1分18．（1）（5分）ABC（2）（10分）①气体做等压变化，则对于封闭气体，初状态，，， ····················································1分末状态， ················································1分由盖-吕萨克定律得，········································2分  解得   ···················································1分②气体对外界做的功            ·······················································2分根据热力学第一定律  ·······································2分解得 ····················································1分 19．（1）（5分）ACE（2）（10分）①光束通过介质的光路如图：由光路图可知，最外侧光线射出介质的折射角最大，此时入射角为，折射角为，由折射定律可得 ···························2分   ····················2分        解得 ······································································1分②设中心光线在透明固体介质中传播的速度为、时间为；离开介质到点传播的距离为、时间为，则有 ······························1分       ······························1分················1分       ······························1分则  ·····························································1分