2022湖北省华中师范大学第一附中高三高考考前测试卷英语试题（含详解）

这是一份2022湖北省华中师范大学第一附中高三高考考前测试卷英语试题（含详解），文件包含湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2022届高三高考考前测试卷英语解析docx、湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2022届高三高考考前测试卷英语试题docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。

华中师大一附中2022年高考英语考前测试卷
试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the woman come from?
A. America. B. Australia. C. Canada.
2. What gift did the man send to Alice last year?
A. A pair of earrings. B. A cellphone. C. A bag.
3. What will the woman do after work?
A. Have a roast beef dinner. B. Go to the Jungle Café. C. Pack up for the trip home.
4. How much should the woman pay?阿
A. $220. B. $90. C. $180.
5. Where can we find the woman this afternoon?
A. At the hospital. B. In a shop. C. In her office.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Why does the woman want to change her apartment?
A. It’s far away from her company.
B. The apartment has no furniture.
C. She has no enough money.
7. What necessities does the woman require?
A. Furniture and Wi-Fi. B. Refrigerator and Wi-Fi. C. Television and furniture.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What’s the woman’s favorite sport to watch?
A. Baseball. B. Basketball. C. Football.
9. What can we know about the man?
A. He likes watching and playing sports.
B. He takes sports nearly every day.
C. He doesn’t like playing sports.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What kind of restaurant does the man recommend?
A. An Italian restaurant. B. A Greek restaurant. C. A Turkish restaurant.
11. What is the salad made of in the restaurant?
A. Vegetables and olive oil. B. Vegetables and cheese. C. Meat and cheese.
12. What does the woman like for dessert?
A. Sweets. B. Cakes. C. Cheese.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the woman doing?
A. Joining a protest. B. Interviewing the man. C. Giving a speech.
14. Why is the woman in front of the factory?
A. She is looking for her husband.
B. Her salary hasn’t been paid by the boss.
C. The factory is polluting the environment.
15. Who has been coughing all night?
A. The woman’s husband. B. People in the community. C. The workers in the factory.
16. What did the woman advise the man to do?
A To shout with her. B. To go to the government. C. To cover the event.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the weather like in five days?
A. Cold. B. Cloudy. C. Windy.
18. What is necessary for drivers?
A. Snow tents. B. Salt. C. All-seasons tire.
19. When can people have no difficulty getting to work?
A. On Monday morning. B. Late Saturday morning. C. Early Friday evening.
20. Where else can people get detailed information?
A. In the newspaper. B. Online. C. On TV.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Pop art, which emerged in the '50s and rose in popularity throughout the '60s, sought to challenge the idea of fine art.
Andy Warhol (1928-1987)
Andy Warhol is probably the most influential figure of Pop Art. He became a famous celebrity himself. Understanding ‘star-culture’, advertisement and the effect of the media, he made these the core of his work. His screenprinted images of Marilyn Monroe, Soup cans, and sensational newspaper stories, quickly became synonymous(同义词) with Pop art.
Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997)
Roy Lichtenstein is one of the fathers of the Pop Art movement. In November 2015, Christie’s sold Lichtenstein’s ‘Nurse’ for a record $95.4 million. In this piece, as well as in other works, we can see how the enlarged imagery of adverts and comics with recognisable characters, highlights the ironic(讽刺好笑的) images and situations in every-day life.
Mimmo Rotella (1918-2006)
Italian artist Mimmo Rotella, was one of the most important figures of post-war European art. He combined pieces of adverts and posters in his works. For this technique he used a series of torn posters, gathering them to create a tremendously expressive and powerful aesthetic(美学). His works Sempre lei Marilyn (2002) and Viva America(1963) are easy to recognize.
James Rosenquist (1933-2017)
James Rosenquist can be considered one of the strongest and most influential modern Pop Art artists. His work dived deep into cinematography and advertising. He employed techniques which are conventionally used to create Commercial Art. His works appear as an overwhelming mixture of fragmented(成碎片的) images of current celebrities, everyday objects and popular foods - giant lipsticks or spaghetti. If you go to Centre Pompidou, Paris, you can see his work President-Elect.
1. What artwork will you turn to if you are interested in Andy Warhol?
A. Marilyn Monroe. B. Nurse.
C. Viva America. D. President-Elect.
2. Which artist creates his works by putting together cut and torn posters?
A. Andy Warhol. B. Roy Lichtenstein.
C. Mimmo Rotella. D. James Rosenquist.
3. What do the four pop art artists’ works have in common?
A. They are typical fine art.
B. They show ironic everyday life.
C. They employ traditional techniques.
D. They are somewhat related to commercials.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个有名的艺术家和他们的艺术风格。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“His screenprinted images of Marilyn Monroe, Soup cans, and sensational newspaper stories, quickly became synonymous(同义词) with Pop art.”(他的玛丽莲梦露、汤罐头和耸人听闻的报纸故事的丝网印刷图像，迅速成为波普艺术的同义词。)可知，玛丽莲梦露是他的作品之一。A项“Marilyn Monroe.”(玛丽莲梦露。)符合原文表述，故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四部分“Mimmo Rotella”的“He combined pieces of adverts and posters in his works. For this technique he used a series of torn posters, gathering them to create a tremendously expressive and powerful aesthetic(美学).”(他在作品中结合了广告和海报。对于这种技术，他使用了一系列撕裂的海报，将它们收集起来，创造出一种极具表现力和强大的美学。)可知，Mimmo Rotella将一系列撕裂的海报，将它们收集起来，创造作品。C项“Mimmo Rotella.”(米莫·罗泰拉)符合原文表述，故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二部分“He became a famous celebrity himself. Understanding ‘star-culture’, advertisement and the effect of the media, he made these the core of his work.”(他自己也成了名人。理解“明星文化”、广告和媒体的影响，他把这些作为他工作的核心。)，第三部分“In this piece, as well as in other works, we can see how the enlarged imagery of adverts and comics with recognisable characters, highlights the ironic(讽刺好笑的) images and situations in every-day life.”(在这件作品中，以及在其他作品中，我们可以看到广告和漫画的放大图像以及可识别的人物，如何突出讽刺图像和日常生活中的情况。)，第四部分“He combined pieces of adverts and posters in his works.”(他在作品中结合了广告和海报。)和第五部分的“His work dived deep into cinematography and advertising.”(他的工作深入到电影摄影和广告领域。)可知，与广告相关是他们的共同点。D项“They are somewhat related to commercials.”(它们与广告有些相关。)符合原文表述，故选D项。
B
24 years ago Jim Ritter was a typical, active high school student. At age sixteen his life changed forever, when Jim was working at his father’s logging business in the small town of Montesano, Washington. One Friday, his dad woke him at 4:30 am to work. Having finished the morning work, Jim crawled into the grapple (吊车) for an after-lunch nap. It was then that Jim’s father started the engines, not realizing that his son lay inside, asleep.
“Oh my God!” Jim’s father cried out. “I broke his neck!”
Immediately, Jim’s dad called for help on the C.B radio. A logging company helicopter heard the call for help and picked Jim up, taking him to the hospital in Olympia, sixty-five miles away. It was truly a miracle! His father’s logging business was in the middle of nowhere, and helicopters hardly ever flew around there. After surgery, Jim was left paralyzed from the neck down. Nine weeks later, he was moved to an orthopedic (矫形的) hospital in Seattle where he became an inspiration to the nurses and other patients with his optimism and good sense of humor.
One day a volunteer came by Jim’s room and asked if he would like to try painting pictures. “I can’t,” Jim told her. “I’m paralyzed.” However, having been shown a video in which a paralyzed girl was drawing by holding a pen between her teeth, Jim decided to give it a try: If that girl could do it, so could he!
It was awkward and difficult at first. Jim practiced day after day, and gradually his drawings turned from amateur sketches into beautiful scenes. Prior to the accident, Jim had never drawn.
Today, Jim lets nothing stand in his way. He is able to support himself by holding art shows throughout the country. How easy it is to justify giving up on our dreams with a ready excuse. “It’s too difficult.” “I’m not that smart.” “I don’t have time.” Jim Ritter is living proof that no excuse is good enough.
4. What do we know about Jim on that particular Friday when he was sixteen?
A. He overslept. B. He got crushed.
C. He operated the machine wrongly. D. He worked the whole day.
5. What do the underlined words “in the middle of nowhere” probably mean?
A. Close to shut-down. B. Far away from the airport.
C. In a remote place. D. In the process of operation.
6. What eventually made Jim turn to painting in the hospital?
A. His previous experience in art. B. The volunteer’s encouragement.
C. A paralyzed girl’s amazing works. D. The drawing scene of a paralyzed girl.
7. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. A man’s recovery from an accident. B. A man’s rising from adversity.
C. People’s care for the disabled. D. A paralyzed girl’s inspiring story.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个励志故事，吉姆因为意外事故导致颈部以下瘫痪，但他没有放弃，在逆境中学习画画，最终能够通过举办艺术展来养活自己。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“One Friday, his dad woke him at 4:30 am to work. Having finished the morning work, Jim crawled into the grapple (吊车) for an after-lunch nap. It was then that Jim’s father started the engines, not realizing that his son lay inside, asleep.”（一个星期五，他爸爸早上4:30叫醒他去上班。做完早上的工作后，吉姆爬进吊车，午饭后小睡一会儿。就在那时，吉姆的父亲启动了发动机，没有意识到他的儿子躺在里面睡着了。）和第二段内容““Oh my God!” Jim’s father cried out. “I broke his neck!””（“哦，我的上帝！”吉姆的父亲喊道。“我弄断了他的脖子！”）可知，吉姆十六岁那年的那个星期五，当他在吊车里午睡时，父亲启动了发动机，意外压伤了他的脖子，由此可知，吉姆十六岁那年的那个不寻常的星期五，他被压伤了。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文“A logging company helicopter heard the call for help and picked Jim up, taking him to the hospital in Olympia, sixty-five miles away.”（一架伐木公司的直升机听到求救声，把吉姆接了起来，把他送到65英里外的奥林匹亚的医院。）和下文“helicopters hardly ever flew around there”（直升机很少在那里飞行）可知，吉姆父亲的伐木生意在一个偏远的地方，离医院有65英里的距离，直升机很少在那里飞行，“In a remote place”意为“在一个偏远的地方”，能够表达画线短语在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“However, having been shown a video in which a paralyzed girl was drawing by holding a pen between her teeth, Jim decided to give it a try: If that girl could do it, so could he!”（然而，吉姆观看了一段视频，视频中一名瘫痪女孩用牙齿夹住一支笔画画，吉姆决定试一试：如果那个女孩能做到，他也能做到！）可知，吉姆起初认为自己不能画画，但观看了一段瘫痪女孩用牙齿夹住一支笔画画的视频后，他决定试一试，由此可知，一个瘫痪女孩的绘画场景最终让吉姆在医院里开始画画。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段关键句“After surgery, Jim was left paralyzed from the neck down.”（手术后，吉姆颈部以下瘫痪。）和最后一段关键句“Today, Jim lets nothing stand in his way. He is able to support himself by holding art shows throughout the country.”（现在，吉姆不让任何东西阻挡他。他能够通过在全国各地举办艺术展来养活自己。）可知，吉姆因为意外事故导致颈部以下瘫痪，但他没有放弃，在逆境中学习画画，最终能够通过在全国各地举办艺术展来养活自己，由此可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一个人从逆境中崛起的故事。故选B项。
C
The story of The emperor’s new clothes is one of Andersen’s best-known works. Cheaters fool the emperor into believing they have made him a fantastic suit. Courtiers (侍臣) dare not say that the emperor is naked; it takes a child to point out the obvious. How many companies have ploughed ahead with expensive projects that were favoured by the CEO, even when other managers have had doubts? The moral is that people are often too restricted by social practice to state their views.
In his new book Rebel Ideas: The Power of Diverse Thinking, Matthew Syed argues that the key to dealing with this problem is “cognitive (认知) diversity”, in other words, assembling a team of people with different perspectives and intellectual backgrounds. It is not just about selecting people for teams from both sexes and various races. Hire only Cambridge politics graduates or Stanford software engineers and they will have studied under the same professors and absorbed similar world views regardless of their gender or skin colour.
There is another element to selecting a good team: ensuring that those viewpoints are heard and respected. A study of over 300 projects by the Rotterdam School of Management found that those led by junior managers were more likely to succeed than those led by senior managers—maybe because other team members were less scared about pointing out potential dangers to someone of lower rank.
The ability to speak up within an organization, without fear of punishment, is known as “psychological safety”. Mr. Syed cites a study of teams at Google, which found that self-reported psychological safety was by far the most important factor behind successful teamwork at the technology giant.
One way to overcome shyness while brainstorming, for instance, is for everyone to write down their ideas but ensure their names are never known. That way, opinions about thoughts are less closely tied to the status of the thinker and can be tested against each other with less fear or favour.
8. Why is The story of the emperor’s new clothes mentioned?
A. To confirm its popularity. B. To argue for children’s wisdom.
C. To make fun of the adults. D. To indicate the importance of speaking up.
9. Which of the following makes an effective team?
A. People with the same cognitive origin.
B. People with more races and gender.
C. People with various academic backgrounds.
D. People following their leaders unconditionally.
10. Why does a team with a junior manager tend to succeed?
A. It encourages members to compete. B. It creates a relaxing atmosphere.
C. It allows members to voice opinions. D. It thinks little of social ranks.
11. What do we know about “psychological safety”?
A. It is a term invented by Mr. Syed. B. It contributes to diversity thinking.
C. It is a secret weapon of the Google. D. It is a project done at the Rotterdam.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章利用“皇帝的新装”这一寓言故事引出论点，且用实验来证明“鼓励各抒己见有利于公司发展”。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“The story of The emperor’s new clothes is one of Andersen’s best-known works. Cheaters fool the emperor into believing they have made him a fantastic suit. Courtiers (侍臣) dare not say that the emperor is naked; it takes a child to point out the obvious.”(皇帝的新衣故事是安徒生最著名的作品之一。骗子愚弄皇帝，让他相信他们为他做了一件很棒的西装。侍臣不敢说皇帝赤身露体；需要一个孩子来指出显而易见的事情。)和“The moral is that people are often too restricted by social practice to state their views.”(其寓意是，人们往往受制于社会实践，无法表达自己的观点。)可知，作者想运用这则寓言故事来说明“表达自己观点的重要性”。D项“To indicate the importance of speaking up.”(表明说出来的重要性。)符合推断，故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In his new book Rebel Ideas: The Power of Diverse Thinking, Matthew Syed argues that the key to dealing with this problem is “cognitive (认知) diversity”, in other words, assembling a team of people with different perspectives and intellectual backgrounds.”(马修·赛义德在他的新书《反叛的想法：多元化思维的力量》中指出，解决这个问题的关键是认知“多样性”，换言之，是由具有不同观点和知识背景的人组成的团队。)可知，有效的团队需要有具有不同观点和知识背景。C项“People with various academic backgrounds.”(具有不同学术背景的人。)符合原文表述，故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A study of over 300 projects by the Rotterdam School of Management found that those led by junior managers were more likely to succeed than those led by senior managers—maybe because other team members were less scared about pointing out potential dangers to someone of lower rank.”(鹿特丹管理学院对 300 多个项目进行的一项研究发现，由初级管理人员领导的项目比由高级管理人员领导的项目更有可能成功——这可能是因为其他团队成员不太害怕指出初级管理人员的潜在危险。)可知，其成功的原因是其他团队成员不太害怕指出初级管理人员的潜在危险。C项“It allows members to voice opinions.”(它允许成员发表意见。)符合原文表述，故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The ability to speak up within an organization, without fear of punishment, is known as psychological safety.”(在组织内畅所欲言，无需担心受到惩罚的能力被称为“心理安全”。)可知，由于人们无需受到惩罚，则就会更加的畅所欲言，会它有助于多元化思维。B项“It contributes to diversity thinking.”(它有助于多元化思维。)符合推断，故选B项。
D
The rise of the internet and social media has greatly expanded our access to information—and that includes false or misleading information. Thus it’s vital to teach our children media literacy—the ability to critically evaluate information online.
A 2016 Stanford University study, for example, showed that high school students had a hard time distinguishing between sponsored content and news articles or determining the potential prejudice of social media messages. A more recent MIT study on the spread of false information on Twitter found that fake news stories were 70 percent more likely to be retweeted (推特转发) than true news stories.
“We’re in the most profound information revolution in 500 years” says Howard Schneider, the executive director of Stony Brook University’s Center for News Literacy. “Our children are not prepared for the change. My metaphor is that we need to inject every student with an initial dose of news literacy before they leave middle school. We need to build their immunities (免疫) against this flood of false information and then continue to strengthen these lessons in high school.”
Rachel Kelsh, a social studies teacher from Hampton Bays High School on Long Island, is one of the teachers piloting Stony Brook’s program. Every week her students learn to examine current events using different news sources. She uses this time to explain why some stories are reliable and others aren’t, and to teach how some people carefully choose their news only from sources that share their political bent. She also explains how social media algorithms (算法) work—for example, how liking something on TikTok means you’ll be shown more of that type of content. And she insists that parents should also do their part in their children’s media literacy.
Media literacy is a key 21st century skill and its importance will only increase. Learning how to evaluate media is an increasingly important skill for our children.
12. What did the author hope to show by citing the two university studies?
A. The influence of fake news. B. The misjudgment of students.
C. The wide access to online news. D. The urgency of critical thinking.
13. What does the metaphor of “to inject our child with an initial dose of news literacy” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. To teach our child media literacy at a young age.
B. To stop our child receiving false information.
C. To keep our child immune against online news.
D. To protect our child against addiction to online news.
14. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. How Stony Brook’s program is running.
B. How students fight with online fake news.
C. How people work together to help children.
D. How social media work on children.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Most Needed Skill in the 21st Century
B. Media Literacy, a Must for Our Children
C. Be Careful with News Stories Online
D. The Importance of Media Literacy
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了互联网和社交媒体的兴起极大地扩大了我们获取信息的渠道，其中包括虚假或误导性信息。因此，教育我们的孩子如何批判性地评估网上信息是至关重要的，媒体素养对孩子们来说将会是一项越来越重要的技能。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“A 2016 Stanford University study, for example, showed that high school students had a hard time distinguishing between sponsored content and news articles or determining the potential prejudice of social media messages.”（2016年斯坦福大学的一项研究表明，高中生很难区分赞助内容和新闻文章，也很难确定社交媒体信息的潜在偏见。）以及“A more recent MIT study on the spread of false information on Twitter found that fake news stories were 70 percent more likely to be retweeted than true news stories.”（麻省理工学院最近一项关于推特上虚假信息传播的研究发现，假新闻比真实新闻被转发的可能性高出70%。）可知，这两项大学研究表明了高中生缺乏批判性地评估网上信息的能力，作者引用这两项研究是为了说明培养孩子们批判性思维的紧迫性，与文章主题呼应。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Our children are not prepared for the change. My metaphor is that we need to inject every student with an initial dose of news literacy before they leave middle school. We need to build their immunities against this flood of false information and then continue to strengthen these lessons in high school.”（我们的孩子还没有为这种变化做好准备。我的比喻是，我们需要在每个学生离开中学之前给他们注入一剂新闻素养的初始剂量。我们需要建立他们对虚假信息洪流的免疫力，然后在高中继续加强这些课程。）可知，“My metaphor”上文提到孩子们没有为巨大的信息变革做好准备，下文提到我们需要建立他们对虚假信息的免疫力，所以“给他们注入一剂新闻素养的初始剂量”的意思是在孩子很小的时候培养他们的媒体素养。故选A项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“Rachel Kelsh, a social studies teacher from Hampton Bays High School on Long Island, is one of the teachers piloting Stony Brook’s program.”（Rachel Kelsh是长岛汉普顿湾高中的一名社会研究教师，也是Stony Brook项目的试点教师之一。）以及下文介绍的“Rachel Kelsh如何培养学生媒体素养”可知，第四段主要介绍Stony Brook的项目是如何运行的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The rise of the internet and social media has greatly expanded our access to information—and that includes false or misleading information. Thus, it’s vital to teach our children media literacy—the ability to critically evaluate information online.”（互联网和社交媒体的兴起极大地扩大了我们获取信息的渠道，其中包括虚假或误导性信息。因此，教育我们的孩子媒体素养是至关重要的——批判性地评估网上信息的能力。）以及最后一段“Media literacy is a key 21st century skill and its importance will only increase. Learning how to evaluate media is an increasingly important skill for our children.”（媒体素养是21世纪的一项关键技能，其重要性只会增加。学习如何评价媒体对我们的孩子来说是一项越来越重要的技能。）可知，文章主要为了说明培养孩子媒体素养的重要性和必要性。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to Michael Gelb, the author of ‘Think Like Da Vinci’, any living person can bring out their inner Da Vinci by committing themselves to several ‘Da Vincian’ principles.
According to Gelb, although not everyone is born with the gifts and the abilities of Leonardo Da Vinci, it is possible for any person to use the fundamentals of Da Vinci’s approach to learning to guide us to toward the realization of our own full potential. ___16___
Leonardo possessed an intense curiosity about the world around him. It was this undiscouraged curiosity that began in childhood and continued throughout his life that drove Leonardo into becoming one of the greatest thinker’s humanity. ___17___ Quite the contrary, Leonardo was a man of action, possessing an unstoppable determination in pursuit of knowledge.
The young Leonardo loved nature. Leonardo would wonder around the Tuscany countryside asking questions he did not himself yet understand. Questions such as: Why shells exist on the tops of mountains alongside seaweed usually found in the sea. Why lightning is visible whereas thunder is not and takes a longer time to travel. ___18___ His questions took him under the water (he designed a snorkel as well as diving equipment and even a submarine) and into the sky (he also invented flying machines and a parachute). ___19___ Gelb recommends a series of exercises which include:
Keeping a journal or notebook – Leonardo always carried a notebook with him so that he could jot down ideas, thoughts, impressions and observations as they occurred.
Asking questions - Making a list of a hundred questions in your notebook on any given topic that comes into your head.
Be willing to make lots of mistakes – Leonardo was not afraid to make mistakes and appear foolish.
___20___
A. Curiosity can be developed.
B. Why so many important families live in Tuscany.
C. But don’t think Leonardo was a man of thought alone.
D. Here, we are going to look at one key principle: curiosity.
E. Leonardo relied only on himself to answer his own questions.
F. Actually, Leonardo embraced the feelings of unfamiliarity and foolishness.
G. But do not be fooled into thinking that Leonardo did not make any mistakes.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了好奇心伴随列奥纳多·达·芬奇一生，并造就了达芬奇的伟大。
【16题详解】
根据上文“According to Gelb, although not everyone is born with the gifts and the abilities of Leonardo Da Vinci, it is possible for any person to use the fundamentals of Da Vinci’s approach to learning to guide us to toward the realization of our own full potential.（根据盖尔布的说法，虽然不是每个人都天生就具有列奥纳多·达·芬奇的天赋和能力，但任何人都可以使用达芬奇学习方法的基本原理来指导我们实现自己的全部潜力。）”以及下文“Leonardo possessed an intense curiosity about the world around him.（列奥纳多对他周围的世界有着强烈的好奇心。）”可知，此处想要引出好奇心的内容。D项“在这里，我们将研究一个关键原则：好奇心。”符合语境。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“It was this undiscouraged curiosity that began in childhood and continued throughout his life that drove Leonardo into becoming one of the greatest thinker’s humanity.（正是这种未受阻的好奇心从童年开始，并贯穿了他的一生，促使列奥纳多成为最伟大的思想家之一。）”以及下文“Quite the contrary, Leonardo was a man of action, possessing an unstoppable determination in pursuit of knowledge.（恰恰相反，列奥纳多是一个行动的人，拥有追求知识的不可阻挡的决心。）”可知，设空处与上文内容出现转折，表达了列奥纳多倾向于是一个善于行动的人。C项“但不要以为列奥纳多是一个只会思考的人”符合语境。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“His questions took him under the water (he designed a snorkel as well as diving equipment and even a submarine) and into the sky (he also invented flying machines and a parachute).（他的问题将他带到水下（他设计了呼吸管以及潜水设备甚至潜艇）和天空（他还发明了飞行器和降落伞）。）”可知，在思考的过程中，列奥纳多会不断向自己提出一些问题并给予解答。E项“列奥纳多只依靠自己来回答自己的问题”符合题意。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Gelb recommends a series of exercises which include:（盖尔布推荐了一系列练习，其中包括）”可知，此处用来介绍的是列奥纳多在培养好奇心过程中的一系列做法。A项“好奇心是可以培养的”符合题意，引出下文的练习方法。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Be willing to make lots of mistakes – Leonardo was not afraid to make mistakes and appear foolish（愿意犯很多错误——列奥纳多不怕犯错误，不害怕看起来很愚蠢。）”可知，下文应介绍列奥纳多在培养好奇心过程中的成功做法。F项“实际上，列奥纳多接受了陌生和愚蠢的感觉”符合题意。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’m a professor teaching people how to think more creatively. Interestingly, this lifetime passion was ___21___ by a casual contest when I was a child.
At a family picnic, children used to have the handkerchief-throwing contest, which I realize now, was not ___22___ to show any real skill, but simply for laughs. But it stirred my love of thinking ___23___ the box.
The host gave each child a cloth handkerchief and told us the winner would be the one who threw it the farthest. The first little throwers took mighty ___24___, but the cloth opened and fell to the ground. So it annoyed me to see the kids throwing ___25___ when the handkerchief always opened. The secret was not to throw harder but to keep the cloth from ___26___. Suppose I hid a rock in the cloth without tying it. The rock would drive the cloth at least farther than the others, and when they ___27___, people might not notice a small rock ___28___ in the grass. I had a good chance of ___29___ with it, but I didn’t want to win by cheating. I had to make the handkerchief fly like a ____30____. I began tying the handkerchief around itself to make it small. When I approached the line as the final contestant, people were already laughing. I took a long wind-up, and the balled handkerchief ____31____ off maybe 60 feet away. The laughing ____32____ suddenly. The host stared at me and then ran to ____33____ how I’d doctored it. “It’s just the handkerchief,” he declared. The adults ____34____ and I felt proud.
This is how I learned the secret to creative thinking. I wanted to continue looking ____35____ what things seemed to be.
21. A. awakened B. introduced C. ruined D. clarified
22. A. considered B. scheduled C. meant D. announced
23. A. inside B. outside C. with D. without
24. A. put-ups B. set-ups C. catch-ups D. wind-ups
25. A. farther B. slower C. harder D. faster
26. A. opening B. flying C. disappearing D. floating
27 A. marched B. recovered C. combined D. separated
28. A. dotting B. shooting C. landing D. locating
29. A. putting away B. getting away C. putting up D. living up
30. A. rock B. flash C. bird D. rocket
31. A. ran B. rocketed C. climbed D. sent
32. A. erupted B. faded C. grew D. died
33. A. search B. compare C. expose D. remind
34. A. accused B. fainted C. complained D. applauded
35. A. beyond B. around C. into D. above
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者借小时候的投手帕比赛，向读者传达“突破常规，超越事物原文的样子，才能创新”的思想。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，这一辈子的激情是在我小时候被一场随意的比赛唤醒的。A. awakened觉醒，唤醒；B. introduced介绍；C. ruined毁掉；D. clarified澄清。根据下文“But it stirred my love of thinking ___3___ the box.”可知，作者的激情被唤醒了。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次家庭野餐中，孩子们曾经有过投手帕比赛，我现在意识到，这并不是为了展示任何真正的技能，而只是为了开怀大笑。A. considered考虑；B. scheduled计划；C. meant意味着；D. announced宣布。mean to do sth.意为“打算最某事”符合句意，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：但这激起了我对于跳出常规思考的热爱。A. inside在里面；B. outside在外面；C. with有；D. without没有。根据下文“This is how I learned the secret to creative thinking.”可知，作者学会了创造性思维，跳出了常规的框架。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初的小投掷者的动作非常有力，但手帕打开并掉到了地上。A. put-ups引体向上；B. set-ups设置；C. catch-ups追赶；D. wind-ups挥动手臂的动作。根据后文“but the cloth opened and fell to the ground.”可知，手帕并没有被扔得很远，此处与上文是转折关系，由此可知，小投掷者动作非常有力，但结果却不尽如人意。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以当手帕总是开着的时候，看到孩子们更用力地扔，我很恼火。A. farther更远地；B. slower更慢地；C. harder更难地，努力地；D. faster更快地。根据下文“The secret was not to throw harder but to keep the cloth from 　6　　. ”可知，扔手帕要用力。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：秘诀不是扔得更用力，而是防止手帕打开。A. opening开；B. flying飞；C. disappearing消失；D. floating飘。根据下文“I began tying the handkerchief around itself to make it small.”可知，把手帕包裹紧，不让其打开，扔得越远。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：石头至少会把手帕推得比其他手帕更远，当它们分开时，人们可能不会注意到一块小石头落在草地上。A. marched行进；B. recovered恢复；C. combined合并；D. separated分离。根据上文“Suppose I hid a rock in the cloth without tying it.”可知，一开始石头和手帕裹在一起，之后它们分开，石头落到地上。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：石头至少会把手帕推得比其他手帕更远，当它们分开时，人们可能不会注意到一块小石头落在草地上。A. dotting打点；B. shooting射击；C. landing着陆，降落；D. locating定位。根据“in the grass”可知，此处是指手帕落到草地上。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我本来很有可能侥幸逃脱，但我不想通过作弊取胜。A. putting away放弃；B. getting away离开；C. putting up坚持；D. living up快乐地生活。根据前文“people might not notice a small rock landing in the grass.”可知，没人注意，作者有机会逃脱。get away with“侥幸逃脱”。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我必须让手帕像石头一样飞起来。A. rock石头；B. flash闪光；C. bird鸟；D. rocket火箭。根据上文“The rock would drive the cloth at least farther than the others”可知，作者想在不用石头的基础上让手帕像石头一样飞起来。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用尽全力，球状的手帕飞到了大约 60 英尺外。A. ran跑；B. rocketed飞驰；C. climbed爬升；D. sent发送。根据上文“I had to make the handkerchief fly like a rock.”可知，是让手帕飞起来，故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：笑声突然消失了。A. erupted爆发；B. faded褪色；C. grew生长；D. died死亡，消失。根据上文“When I approached the line as the final contestant, people were already laughing.”可知，一开始人们并不看好且嘲笑作者，后来作者真的让手帕飞起来，人们停止了嘲笑。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：主持人盯着我看，然后跑去揭露我是如何篡改的。A. search搜索；B. compare比较；C. expose揭露；D. remind提醒。根据下文“It’s just the handkerchief, he declared.”可知，主持人一开始不相信，想要去揭露真相。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大人们鼓掌，我感到很自豪。A. accused指控；B. fainted昏倒；C. complained抱怨；D. applauded鼓掌。根据下文“I felt proud.”可知，是有人鼓掌了，作者才感到骄傲。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我想继续超越事物的表象。A. beyond超越；B. around围绕；C. into进入；D. above以上。根据上文“But it stirred my love of thinking outside the box.”可知，要超越事物原本的样子，打破常规，才能创新。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth was delivered by Chinese astronauts on China's Tiangong space station, ___36___ they displayed unique physical phenomena in the orbiting spacecraft. Featuring interactive teaching, it was mainly targeted at youngsters.
In 2013, ___37___ the assistance of two other crew members, Wang Yaping delivered the country’s first space lecture, making China, following the United States, ___38___ (become) the second country to carry out a space lecture.
Compared with the class nine years ago, this ___39___ (year) lecture was greatly different. Apart from a bigger “classroom”, it covered a ___40___ (wide) range of subjects. Previously Wang showed students the laws of physics and the phenomena of ___41___ (weightless) in space. But this year, biology ___42___ (add). The astronauts compared the growth and shape of cells in different environment to study their ___43___ (change) rules.
___44___ these space lectures showed various topics, the aim behind never changed. According to China Daily, the space lectures aim to “spread knowledge about ____45____ (man) spaceflights and spark enthusiasm for science among young people”.
【答案】36. where
37. with 38. become
39. year’s 40. wider
41. weightlessness
42. was added
43. changing
44. Though##Although##While
45. manned
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。该篇新闻主要讲解了中国宇航员在中国天宫空间站进行的科学讲座。介绍了讲座的一些具体内容和本次讲座召开的意义。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国航天员在中国天宫空间站进行了距地球400公里的科学讲座，他们展示了在轨航天器中独特的物理现象。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句。根据前面的先行词“China’s Tiangong space station（地点）”，故填where。
【37题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：2013年，在另外两名机组人员的协助下，王亚平举办了全国首场太空讲座，使中国继美国之后成为第二个举办太空讲座的国家。with the assistance of意为“在……的协助之下”符合句意，故填with。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：2013年，在另外两名机组人员的协助下，王亚平举办了全国首场太空讲座，使中国继美国之后成为第二个举办太空讲座的国家。make sb. do sth“让某人某人做某事”，符合句意。此句型中do为动词原形，且根据提示become，故填become。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：与九年前的班级相比，今年的讲座有很大的不同。分析句子可知，名词year和名词lecture存在所属关系，应该用名词所有格，故填year’s。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了更大的“教室”之外，它还涵盖了更广泛的主题。根据上文“Compared with the class nine years ago”可知，在于九年前对比，应用比较等级。根据提示wide ，故填wider。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此前，王向学生展示了物理定律和太空中的失重现象。分析句子可知，介词of后面应该加上名词作为宾语，且根据提示和常识，太空中是失重状态，故填weightlessness。
【42题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：但今年，增加了生物学。分析句子可知，add这个动作发生在过去的某个时间，且动词add与名词biology是动宾关系，则应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was added。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：宇航员比较了不同环境下细胞的生长和形状，研究它们的变化规律。分析句子可知，名词rules 前需要填入形容词作为定语，在根据提示，故填changing。
【44题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然这些空间讲座展示了各种主题，但背后的目标从未改变。分析句子可知，此处应填入连词来连接前后两个句子，且前后句子的关系为“让步”，故填Though/Although/ While。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据《中国日报》报道，航天讲座旨在“传播载人航天知识，激发年轻人对科学的热情”。分析句子可知，此处填入形容词作为定语，修饰名词spaceflights ，再根据提示，故填manned。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，某英文网站发布了以“A Symbol of China”为题的征稿启事，请你撰稿介绍你眼中的中国象征。内容包括：1.象征物名称； 2.象征物特色；3.推荐理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Symbol of China
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A Symbol of China
Among the many symbols representing China and its unique culture, the Great Wall is top on my recommendation list.
The Great Wall is one of the greatest miracles created by the ancient Chinese as the witness of China’s long history. Originally built by Emperor Qinshihuang and expanded and strengthened in the Ming Dynasty, it became the world’s largest military structure. And its historic and strategic importance is matched only by its architectural significance, making it a symbol of the unity and strength of the Chinese people.
The Great Wall is now the biggest tourist attraction in China. As the old saying goes, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man”. So come and experience it at first hand.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生撰写一篇英文稿，介绍自己眼中的中国象征，包括象征物名称、象征物特色和推荐理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
许多的：many→numerous
奇迹：miracle→wonder
旅游景点：tourist attraction→scenic spot
亲自：at first hand→by oneself
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Among the many symbols representing China and its unique culture, the Great Wall is top on my recommendation list.
拓展句：Among the many symbols that represent China and its unique culture, the Great Wall is top on my recommendation list.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Originally built by Emperor Qinshihuang and expanded and strengthened in the Ming Dynasty, it became the world’s largest military structure.（运用了过去分词作状语）
【高分句型2】As the old saying goes, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man”.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Todd was lying on the family room floor doing math homework, when he heard his mother, back from her shift at the Crafts Cottage. She was later than usual, so she must have stopped on the way home to get groceries after her work. Todd hoped so. Groceries were one of life’s good things. It was getting late, and Todd felt a bit hungry. As a matter of fact, he could hear his stomach growling. He only had some cereal for breakfast this morning. If only he could have a bite at his favorite food—the apple pie made by his mother! But it had been a while since she made desserts for them, for she had been much occupied recently.
His mother came into the family room and clicked off the TV. Todd looked at Amy, who was so lost in her book that she didn’t seem to notice their mother’s presence in the room. But their father, dozing (打瞌睡) on the couch with the remote in his hand, came awake with a guilty startle (惊吓).
“David, Todd, Amy.” Quiet voices could sound so much more threatening than shouting ones. “I need you to come into the kitchen. Now!”
Amy put her book down then, and the three of them dragged their feet into the kitchen. If they had tails, they would have been tucked (藏住) between their legs.
“Look at this place.” Todd’s mother said.
It was bad: newspapers in an untidy heap on the table, dirty dishes everywhere, an empty milk carton standing on the counter next to spilled cereal left over from breakfast, and two bags of groceries his mom had just carried in from the car.
“I want this cleaned up. I want these groceries put away. I want a decent meal represented on the table in sixty minutes. Call me when it’s ready. I’m going to be upstairs soaking in a hot tub.” Then she was gone.
Paragraph 1
Todd, Amy and their father quickly got down to work.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
After their discussion, they were ready to make dinner.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Todd, Amy and their father quickly got down to work. He started loading dirty dishes into the dishwasher, as Amy and their father took the groceries out of the paper bags and put them on the shelves and in the fridge. “How does the food pyramid work?” their father broke the silence to ask. “You are supposed to eat a lot of grains and cereals.” Todd explained, who had studied the food pyramid at school last year. Todd drew a triangle shape on a piece of paper, divided the pyramid into four equal sections and labelled each one. They talked and decided that grains, vegetables, dairy products and protein were what they need.
After their discussion, they were ready to make dinner. They chose to make curried chicken breasts with rice. Amy reminded them of vegetables, and their father suggested putting some broccoli on the side. For dairy products, they got some yogurt from the fridge. It turned out that it took plenty of time to choose the recipe, locate the ingredients, and chop the vegetables before you even started to cook. Still, in less than an hour, it was done. When their mother came to the kitchen, she stared in apparent disbelief. “You even fixed broccoli,” she whispered. The family had dinner together and everyone believed it was the best meal they had ever had!
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了主人公托德的妈妈最近工作很忙碌，但仍要买菜、做饭和照顾家人。一天，妈妈很晚才下班回家，回到家中，看到儿子托德在做数学作业，女儿艾米在看书，丈夫大卫正躺在沙发上打瞌睡，托德的妈妈决定是时候让家人帮助她一起做家务了。她把家人叫到厨房，看着乱糟糟的厨房，嘱咐家人整理好并做好晚饭，她打算去泡个热水澡缓解疲劳。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“托德、艾米和他们的父亲很快开始工作。”可知，第一段可描写三个人整理厨房的过程和对晚餐的规划。
②由第二段首句内容“经过讨论，他们准备做晚饭。”可知，第二段可描写三个人做晚饭的过程和妈妈看到晚饭后的反应。
2.续写线索：整理厨房——规划晚饭——三人的讨论——开始做饭——晚饭完成——一家人的感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.开始做某事：start doing sth./begin doing sth.
②.打破沉默：break the silence/break the ice
③.应该做某事：be supposed to do sth./be expected to do sth.
情绪类
①难以置信地：in disbelief/unbelievably
②.明显的：apparent/obvious
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When their mother came to the kitchen, she stared in apparent disbelief.（由when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. The family had dinner together and everyone believed it was the best meal they had ever had!（由that引导的宾语从句作believed的宾语，省略了that；由that引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词meal，省略了that）
听力答案：1-5BCCBC 6-10 ABBCA 11-15 BBACA 16-20CACAB