05选择题（基础提升题）-上海市2021年中考英语真题&模拟卷分题型分类汇编（共30题）

这是一份05选择题（基础提升题）-上海市2021年中考英语真题&模拟卷分题型分类汇编（共30题），共9页。
上海市2021年中考英语真题&模拟卷分题型分类汇编05选择题（基础提升题）一、名词的词义辨析（共2小题）    （2021•杨浦区二模）I had a headache on the train so I took some      and fell asleep.（　　）A．note B．photo C．medicine D．pills    （2021•黄浦区二模）It is important for parents to give children plenty of  to think for themselves.（　　）A．room B．chance C．suggestion D．lesson二、定冠词（the）（共1小题）    （2021•静安区二模）The impression you make at _____ beginning of an interview is very important．（　　）A．a B．an C．the D．/三、不定冠词（a，an）（共2小题）    （2021•金山区二模）Before riding your E﹣bike， do yourself  favour and wear a helmet（头盔）.（　　）A．a B．an C．the D．/    （2021•闵行区二模）The old man makes_____ living by selling vegetables in the market.（　　）A．a B．an C．the D．/四、物主代词（共2小题）    （2021•金山区二模）When returning to the school， the old teacher was shown around by a student of  .（　　）A．she B．her C．hers D．herself    （2021•闵行区二模）Visitors must show______health QR codes to the guards before entering.（　　）A．they B．them C．their D．theirs五、不定代词（共1小题）    （2021•闵行区二模）We've got several ways to solve the problem but_____ of them works.（　　）A．both B．all C．neither D．none六、疑问代词（共1小题）    （2021•普陀区二模）﹣﹣﹣  is in charge of the meeting？﹣﹣ Penny. She knows much about the project.（　　）A．Why B．Where C．What D．Who七、代词辨析（共1小题） （2021•静安区二模）O．Henry wrote a lot of novels but I've only read ____ of them．（　　）A．few B．a few C．little D．a little八、常用介词的辨析（共3小题） （2021•静安区二模）Victor dreamed______becoming a lawyer when he was a schoolboy.（　　）A．of B．at C．to. D．for （2021•杨浦区二模）The jacket is made    plastic and it can check your blood pressure.（　　）A．of B．by C．up of D．for （2021•黄浦区二模）The Virtual School Library provides primary school children free online books.（　　）A．for B．to C．with D．from九、形容词的比较级和最高级（共3小题） （2021•闵行区二模）The "Double Eleven" Shopping Festival is one of____ shopping festivals in China.（　　）A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest （2021•杨浦区二模）You should try to visit my hometown. One of    beaches in the country is there.（　　）A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular （2021•黄浦区二模）Ronaldo is one of  players in the history of football.（　　）A．successful B．more successful C．most successful D．the most successful十、形容词词义辨析（共4小题） （2021•闵行区二模）In the kindergarten， children like to play with Miss Guo as she looks so______.（　　）A．gently B．friendly C．politely D．beautifully （2021•奉贤区二模）Michael has read______ grammar books， but I am sorry to say that he has learned______from them.（　　）A．few， a little B．a few， little C．few， little D．a few， a little （2021•杨浦区二模）They're trying to build positive school climates where students feel       to speak.（　　）A．save B．safe C．safely D．safety （2021•奉贤区二模）Don't worry. The nurse is______to take care of the sick baby. （　　）A．enough carefully B．enough careful C．carefully enough D．careful enough十一、形容词的原级比较（共1小题） （2021•普陀区二模）The case isn't as  as the detectives thought.（　　）A．simple B．simpler C．simplest D．the simplest十二、连词辨析（共5小题） （2021•虹口区二模）The little girl is afraid of making mistakes in front  of strangers，  she seldom speaks in public.（　　）A．for B．or C．so D．but （2021•静安区二模）The patient had to have the operation，______she would die.（　　）A．or B．and C．so D．but （2021•静安区二模）     the government has promised to improve road safety，little has been achieved so far．（　　）A．If B．Although C．Unless D．Because （2021•奉贤区二模）_______you put your heart into the book， you won't understand it clearly. （　　）A．Unless B．Until C．Because D．Before （2021•奉贤区二模）The 15th underground line is coming to Fengxian，_______it will be easier for us to travel around.（　　）A．as B．or C．but D．so十三、情态动词（共4小题） （2021•普陀区二模）Without glasses， Terry  see anything clearly.（　　）A．can't B．needn't C．mustn't D．shouldn't （2021•金山区二模）It's so late. I'm afraid I  go and make a phone call to my family.（　　）A．must B．can C．may D．could （2021•静安区二模）As Chinese citizens， we_______be proud of who we are and take our responsibility.（　　）A．can B．may C．need D．should （2021•黄浦区二模）Congratulations on passing your exam.You            be very pleased with the result.（　　）A．can B．may C．must D．need
参考答案与试题解析一、名词的词义辨析（共2小题）    （2021•杨浦区二模）I had a headache on the train so I took some      and fell asleep.（　　）A．note B．photo C．medicine D．pills【解答】A． note 注释； B． photo 照片；C． medicine 药物； D． pills 药丸。根据句子"I had a headache on the train so I took some medicine and fell asleep."可推测句意应为我在火车上头痛，所以吃了些药就睡着了。固定短语 took some medicine 吃了些药。其他三项均不符合句意。故选：C。    （2021•黄浦区二模）It is important for parents to give children plenty of  to think for themselves.（　　）A．room B．chance C．suggestion D．lesson【解答】根据语境以及上下文，本题考查的是名词的词义辨析。A． room（不可数名词）空间； B． chance机会； C． suggestion 建议； D． lesson 教训。根据语境推测句意是"父母给孩子足够的空间让他们自己思考是很重要的。"plenty of room足够的空间。其余三个均不符合句意。故选：A。二、定冠词（the）（共1小题）    （2021•静安区二模）The impression you make at _____ beginning of an interview is very important．（　　）A．a B．an C．the D．/【解答】a，an，the三者都是冠词，a，an 是不定冠词 ，放在单数可数名词前面 ，表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名"，表泛指，a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前．the 是定冠词，表特指，意为"这、那、这些、那些"．放在可数名词和不可数名词前．由题干"你在面试开始时给人的印象很重要．"可知，"面试开始"表特指，用定冠词，因此空格用the，所以答案应是the．故选：C。三、不定冠词（a，an）（共2小题）    （2021•金山区二模）Before riding your E﹣bike， do yourself  favour and wear a helmet（头盔）.（　　）A．a B．an C．the D．/【解答】不定冠词表示泛指一个，favour的首音是辅音，故要用a.故选：A。    （2021•闵行区二模）The old man makes_____ living by selling vegetables in the market.（　　）A．a B．an C．the D．/【解答】a一个，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the表示特指；/零冠词。make a living by…"以…为生"固定搭配。living是以辅音音素/l/开头，用a修饰。故选：A。四、物主代词（共2小题）    （2021•金山区二模）When returning to the school， the old teacher was shown around by a student of  .（　　）A．she B．her C．hers D．herself【解答】she 她，主格，用作主语；her 她的，形容词性物主代词，后面需要跟名词，也是宾格，用作宾语；hers 她的，名词性物主代词，后面不需要跟名词；herself 她自己，反身代词。a student of hers 是双重所有格，固定用法，相当于one of her students.故选：C。    （2021•闵行区二模）Visitors must show______health QR codes to the guards before entering.（　　）A．they B．them C．their D．theirs【解答】they，他们，主格，用作主语；them 他们，宾格，用作宾语；their 他们的，形容词性物主代词，后面需要跟名词；theirs 他们的，名词性物主代词，后面不跟名词。句中横线后有名词词组health QR codes ，所以用their。句意是"访客必须在进入前向门卫出示健康二维码"。故选：C。五、不定代词（共1小题）    （2021•闵行区二模）We've got several ways to solve the problem but_____ of them works.（　　）A．both B．all C．neither D．none【解答】A表示两者都，B表示所有、全部，指三者及以上，C表示两者都不，D表示没有一个，指三者及以上。根据题干中several ways可知此处指三者及以上，其次由but可知我们用了几种方法来解决这个问题， 但是没有一个奏效，则D选项符合题意。故选：D。六、疑问代词（共1小题）    （2021•普陀区二模）﹣﹣﹣  is in charge of the meeting？﹣﹣ Penny. She knows much about the project.（　　）A．Why B．Where C．What D．Who【解答】A．为什么，B．哪里，C．什么，D．谁，根据句意彭妮她对这个项目很了解。她负责这次会议。彭妮是人，要用特殊疑问词who，谁。故选：D。七、代词辨析（共1小题） （2021•静安区二模）O．Henry wrote a lot of novels but I've only read ____ of them．（　　）A．few B．a few C．little D．a little【解答】答案：B  a few：一点点，用于修饰可数名词，肯定用法．few：用于可数名词，否定用法．little/a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有．a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿．根据句意作者是讲仅仅只读过几本小说，表示肯定．novels小说 是复数可数名词故选：B。八、常用介词的辨析（共3小题） （2021•静安区二模）Victor dreamed______becoming a lawyer when he was a schoolboy.（　　）A．of B．at C．to. D．for【解答】A． of ……的； B． at在；  C． to. 至； D． for 为了。根据句子"Victor dreamed of  becoming a lawyer when he was a schoolboy."可知句意为维克托上学时梦想成为一名律师。dreamed of  becoming 梦想成为。其余三项均不符句意。故选：A。 （2021•杨浦区二模）The jacket is made    plastic and it can check your blood pressure.（　　）A．of B．by C．up of D．for【解答】根据题干可知这个夹克是由塑料制作的，其中be made of表示由……制作，可看出原材料，则A选项符合题意。故选：A。 2021•黄浦区二模）The Virtual School Library provides primary school children free online books.（　　）A．for B．to C．with D．from【解答】根据题干可知虚拟学校图书馆为小学生提供免费的在线图书，其中provide表示提供，动词，provide sb. with sth.或者provide sth. for sb.都可表示给某人提供某物，则C选项符合题意。故选：C。九、形容词的比较级和最高级（共3小题） （2021•闵行区二模）The "Double Eleven" Shopping Festival is one of____ shopping festivals in China.（　　）A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest【解答】短语one of+the+最高级+名词的复数形式表示最…之一，所以用最高级，be动词后面应该是形容词，形容词的最高级前面加the。故选：D。 （2021•杨浦区二模）You should try to visit my hometown. One of    beaches in the country is there.（　　）A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular【解答】结合句子，有范围in the country.同时还有句型one of +最高级+可数名词复数，所以要用形容词的最高级，使用最高级时候，形容词前面要加the，所以用the most popular.故选：D。 （2021•黄浦区二模）Ronaldo is one of  players in the history of football.（　　）A．successful B．more successful C．most successful D．the most successful【解答】结合句子，有范围in the history of football.结合短语one of +最高级+可数名词复数，所以用形容词的最高级，使用最高级的时候形容词前面要加the，所以用the most successful.故选：D。十、形容词词义辨析（共4小题） （2021•闵行区二模）In the kindergarten， children like to play with Miss Guo as she looks so______.（　　）A．gently B．friendly C．politely D．beautifully【解答】gently温柔地，副词；friendly友好的，形容词；politely有礼貌地，副词；beautifully美丽地，副词。这里looks"看起来"是系动词，系表结构，填形容词friendly作表语。故选：B。 （2021•奉贤区二模）Michael has read______ grammar books， but I am sorry to say that he has learned______from them.（　　）A．few， a little B．a few， little C．few， little D．a few， a little【解答】a few一点儿，修饰可数名词复数．few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数．a little一点儿，修饰不可数名词．little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词．根据：迈克已经读了几本语法书了，grammar books"语法书（可数）可知第一个空用a few；根据：但是我很遗憾地说他从那些书里几乎没有学到多少（知识）。可知此处学到的东西是不可数名词，结合but I am sorry to say that …这里表示转折，即读了几本书，但却没有学到多少东西，故用little表否定。故选：B。 （2021•杨浦区二模）They're trying to build positive school climates where students feel       to speak.（　　）A．save B．safe C．safely D．safety【解答】save：动词，节省，挽救；safe：形容词，安全的；safely：副词，安全地；safety：名词，安全。根据句意：他们试图营造一种积极的校园氛围，让学生们可以放心的发言。结合feel为系动词后面加形容词可知safe符合题意。故选：B。 （2021•奉贤区二模）Don't worry. The nurse is______to take care of the sick baby. （　　）A．enough carefully B．enough careful C．carefully enough D．careful enough【解答】carefully：副词，仔细地；careful：形容词，仔细的；enough修饰形容词，放在形容词之后。根据题干可知：此处应该是说这个护士是足够细心的，应该用形容词careful。故选：D。十一、形容词的原级比较（共1小题） （2021•普陀区二模）The case isn't as  as the detectives thought.（　　）A．simple B．simpler C．simplest D．the simplest【解答】根据题干，可知是原级比较as…as…和……一样……，用形容词或副词原形。此处是形容词修饰名词case.故选：A。十二、连词辨析（共5小题） （2021•虹口区二模）The little girl is afraid of making mistakes in front  of strangers，  she seldom speaks in public.（　　）A．for B．or C．so D．but【解答】for 为了，表目的；or 或者，表选择；so 因此，所以，表结果；but 但是，表转折。因为这小女孩害怕在陌生人面前犯错，所以她不敢在公众场合讲话，两个句子之间是因果关系，so 符合题意。故选：C。 （2021•静安区二模）The patient had to have the operation，______she would die.（　　）A．or B．and C．so D．but【解答】or否则；and和；so所以；but但是。根据The patient had to have the operation，…she would die"病人不得不动手术，…她会死的"可知，应该是"否则"or。故选：A。 （2021•静安区二模）     the government has promised to improve road safety，little has been achieved so far．（　　）A．If B．Although C．Unless D．Because【解答】答案：Bif如果，unless除非，二者都引导条件状语从句；although尽管，引导让步状语从句；because因为，引导原因状语从句；承诺得多，实现得少，所以要用让步状语从句，表转折意义，故选：B。 （2021•奉贤区二模）_______you put your heart into the book， you won't understand it clearly. （　　）A．Unless B．Until C．Because D．Before【解答】根据语境以及上下文，本题考查的是连词的用法。A． Unless 除非；B． Until 直到……才； C． Because 因为；D． Before 之前。根据语境推测句意是"除非你把心放在书上，你不会明白的。"可知应用Unless 意为" 除非"，Unless you put your heart into the book. 除非你把心放在书上。其余三个均不符合句意。故选：A。 （2021•奉贤区二模）The 15th underground line is coming to Fengxian，_______it will be easier for us to travel around.（　　）A．as B．or C．but D．so【解答】根据语境以及上下文，本题考查的是连词的用法。A．as 作为；B．or 或者；C．but 但是； D．so 所以。根据语境推测句意是"地铁15号线就要到奉贤了，所以我们四处旅行会更容易。"可知应用 so 意为"所以"， so it will be easier for us to travel around. 所以我们四处旅行会更容易。其余三个均不符合句意。故选：D。十三、情态动词（共4小题） （2021•普陀区二模）Without glasses， Terry  see anything clearly.（　　）A．can't B．needn't C．mustn't D．shouldn't【解答】can't不能；needn't不必；mustn't禁止；shouldn't不应该。根据Without glasses"没有眼镜"可知，特里"不能"看清楚任何东西。故选：A。 （2021•金山区二模）It's so late. I'm afraid I  go and make a phone call to my family.（　　）A．must B．can C．may D．could【解答】must必须；can能；may可以；could过去式。根据It's so late"太晚了"可知，恐怕我"必须"给家人打个电话。填must。故选：A。 （2021•静安区二模）As Chinese citizens， we_______be proud of who we are and take our responsibility.（　　）A．can B．may C．need D．should【解答】can能；may可以；need需要；should应该。根据we…be proud of who we are and take our responsibility"我们…为自己感到自豪，承担起自己的责任。"可知，填should"应该"。故选：D。 （2021•黄浦区二模）Congratulations on passing your exam.You            be very pleased with the result.（　　）A．can B．may C．must D．need【解答】选项中，can表示"可以"，may表示"可能"，need表示"需要"，must表示"肯定"，结合语境，需要表达出，祝贺你通过了考试。你肯定对这个结果很满意。用must.故选：C。