七年级上册外研版英语同步讲义 第8讲：Module 4 语法篇

Module 4语法篇

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1. 熟练掌握have/has got的用法

2. 熟练掌握some, any的用法

3. 熟练掌握名词及名词的复数形式

一、have/has got 的用法

1. have got意为“有；拥有”，如果想表达某人拥有某物，可用句型“主语+have/has got+其他”，其中have有人称和数的变化，当句子主语为第三人称单数或单数名词时，用has got。当句子主语是其他人称时，用have got。

2. have got的否定形式为：haven’t got或hasn't got。

We haven’t got any juice.  我们没有果汁。

3. have got的一般疑问句形式，将have/has提到主语前即可。

---Have you got any carrot? 你有胡萝卜吗？

---Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. 是的，我有。/不，我没有。

4. have/has got与there be句型的区别

（1）there be句型表示“存在，某地/某时有某人/某物”。

  There is a book on the desk.  桌子上有本书。

（2）have got表示“某人拥有某物”，此时是一种所有关系。

She has got a dog.  她有一只狗。

二、some，any的用法

some和any 可用作形容词，意为“ 一些”，在句中修饰名词。

1. some和any既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词，但some常用在肯定句中，而any则常用在否定和疑问句中。

I have some meat for lunch, but I don't have any vegetables. 我午饭吃了些肉，但是没有吃蔬菜。

2. 在表示请求、建议或者是希望得到对方肯定回到的疑问句中，须用some而不用any。

Can I ask you some questions，Lucy？露西，我可以问你一些问题吗？（期望得到肯定回答）

3. any用于肯定句中，修饰可数名词单数，意为“任何一个”。

Any man knows that. 任何人都知道那件事。

三、可数名词与不可数名词  

名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词两类，凡是可以计数的名词称为可数名词，凡是不可以计数的名称称为不可数名词。

1. 可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式，可数名词单数前可用不定冠词a/an来修饰。复数名词前可用some, any, many及数词（one除外）等来修饰。

a pencil 一支铅笔     many boats 许多船     two pencils两支铅笔

2. 不可数名词没有单复数变化，可用some，any，much等来修饰。

some juice 一些果汁   much milk 许多牛奶

不可数名词前不能用不定冠词、数词及many来修饰，表示数量时用 “计量单位词+of短语”表示，其数量也应通过of前面的名词体现出来。

a glass of water 一杯水    two glasses of water 两杯水

3. 名词复数的变化规则：

（1） 一般在词尾加-s。book → books      bag → bags

（2）以s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词，一般在词尾加-es。class → classes  

（3）以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，在词尾加-s。boy → boys

（4）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加-es。

strawberry → strawberries   family → families

（5）以f或fe结尾的名词，将f或fe变为v，再加-es。

knife →knives   wife →wives

（6）一些以字母o结尾的名词变复数时有的加-es，有的加-s。

Negro →Negroes        hero →heroes       tomato →tomatoes

 potato →potatoes        zoo →zoos

4. 还有一些不规则变化

变内部原因字母：man →men 男人  woman → women女人  foot →feet脚  tooth →teeth 牙齿

单复数同形：sheep 绵羊  deer鹿  Chinese中国人   Japanese 日本人

完全不规则：child →children 孩子   mouse →mice 老鼠

单项选择

1. ---Have you got any juice?

  ---     . But I've got some tea.

A. Yes, I do  B. No, I don't  C. Yes, I have  D. No, I haven't

2.---Is there      beef in the fridge?

  ---No, there isn't. There is      pork.

A. some, any  B. any, any  C. some, some  D. any, some

3.---Would you like        coffee?

  ---No, thanks. I don't want      drinks(饮料) now.

A. any, any  B. any, some  C. some, some  D. some, any

4.---Where are you going, Sam?

  ---There isn't any      in the fridge. I'll go and buy some.

A. vegetables  B. beef   C. eggs   D. money

5.---“Lily, let's make vegetable salad. How many      do we need?”

  ---“One is enough.”

A. oranges  B. potato   C. tomatoes

6. She is one of my best     .

A. friend   B. friends   C. a friend  D. friendes

7. You shouldn't buy any      , there are many in the fridge.

A. juice   B. meat   C. milk   D. eggs

基础演练

一、单项选择

1. There is some                  in the fridge.

2. We've got lots of                 .

3. Too much                  is bad                  you.

4. His favourite food                  beef and rice.

5. Jack has got                  cakes, but he hasn't got                 .

一、单项选择

1. --- What’s your favourite vegetable?

--- _______.

A. Hamburgers    B. Tomato   C. Bananas  D. Eggs

2. I have_________ every day.

A. chickens    B. chickenes  C. ice creams  D. bananas

3. --- Do you like ________ ?

--- Yes, I do.

A. tomato and noodle       B. tomato and noodles

C. tomatos and noodle       D. tomatoes and noodles

4. Which is different(不同的)from the others?

A. Oranges.    B. Apples.   C. Bananas.  D. Carrots.

5. Would you like _______apples?

A. any     B. some   C. an   D. much

6. Please give me ________ and two        .

A. a bottle of apple juices; breads

B. a bottle of apple juice; fruit cakes]

C. an apple juice; bread

D. some apple juices; fruit cake

7. --- Would you like something        ?

---Yes, please.

A. to eat       B. eating    C. eat   D. to ate

8. What would you like        supper?

A. of      B. for     C. to   D. in

9. --- Would you like       rice?

---No, thanks.

A .any      B .a     C. some  D. an

10. There is       orange on the table.        orange is green.

A. an; An      B. the; The    C. an; The  D. the; an

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一、完形填空

Mrs. Jones: Which meal do we need most (最需要), breakfast, lunch or         1        ?

Tony: Dinner.

Mrs. Jones: Dinner is the biggest meal of the day. But I don't         2         we need it most.

Tony: Is lunch the meal we need most?

Mrs. Jones: No,         3         is the meal we need most. But why?

Kate: It is a long time from night to morning. We have no         4        .

Mrs. Jones: Right! If we don't have breakfast, we don't feel         5        . But what makes a good breakfast?

James: I think we can         6         milk, bread, noodles or porridge(粥).         7         are good for us.

Mrs. Jones: That's right. We can eat some vegetables and fruit         8         the morning, too. They make us healthy.

David: I         9         cola a lot. Can I have that in the morning?

Mrs. Jones: You'd better not (你最好不要). Water is good for you.

Danny: Mum says we can not eat too many things after         10        .

Mrs. Jones: Great, Danny. It may make you sick(生病的). After sports you need water and a rest first, not lots of food.

二、阅读理解

A

The food in America is different from our Chinese food. For example, they eat a lot of potatoes. They like to eat them every day. They eat bread for breakfast. They eat their bread with butter(黄油), cheese or jam(果酱). Cheese and butter are made from (用……做成)milk. They drink a lot of milk, too. They drink hot or cold milk, and they put it in their tea. And they like meat or fish with potatoes and other vegetables. After the meal they always eat something sweet. They call that dessert(甜点).

1. The American food is        Chinese food.

A. the same as          B. different from   

C. as well as          D. better than

2. Butter is made from        .

A. milk          B. butter     

C. jam           D. sweet

3. In America they usually eat bread with        .

A. sugar           B. milk     

C. cheese           D. tea

4. Which is not mentioned in the passage?

A. Milk.           B. Tea.     

C. Coffee.          D. Rice porridge (粥).

5. After the meal they like to eat         .

A. apples           B. pizzas    

C. dessert             D. oranges

B

Your hair grows about 1/4 to 1/2 inch every month. If you want to have healthy and shinning hair, read on for these top foods for your hair.

Salmons When it comes to foods, salmons will come to our minds first. They are filled with vitamin B-12 and iron. They are good for hair health.

Beans Beans should be an important part of your hair-care diet. They provide a lot of protein and rich in iron, zinc(锌).

Nuts Walnuts contain an omega-3 fatty acid (脂肪酸) that may help your hair grow. They are also rich in zinc. A short of zinc can lead to hair shedding, so make sure nuts are on your healthy hair menu .

Eggs Eggs are one of the best protein you can find .They_also_contain_vitamin_B-12, which is important beauty nutrients.

6. The text tells us that_______ contain Vitamin B-12.
 A. salmon and eggs  B. salmon and nuts
 C. salmon and beans   D. eggs and beans

7. Beans are rich in ________.
 A. iron   B. zinc
 C. protein  D. all of above

8. Which of the following can make your hair become beautiful?
 A. Iron  B. vitamin B-12 

 C. Omega-3 fatty acid   D. Zinc

9. The underline word “shedding” means _______in the passage.
 A. 旺盛   B. 结束

 C. 生活   D. 脱落

10. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？
 A. If you eat more eggs, you can get more iron.
 B. Salmons are one of the best foods for your hair.
 C. Your hair grows about 1/2 to 1 inch every month.

 D. You needn’t eat nuts.

C

   In many English homes people eat four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner.

   People have breakfast at any time from seven to nine in the morning. They eat porridge, eggs or bread. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast.

   Lunch comes at one o’clock. Afternoon tea is from four to five in the afternoon. And dinner is about half past seven. First they have soup, and then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that they eat some other things, like bananas, apples or oranges. But not all English people eat like that. Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day. Their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper and these meals are very simple（简单的）.

11. Many English people have _______ meals a day.

A. two           B. three

C. four           D. three or four

12. People may have ________ for their breakfast.

A. tea and eggs         B. porridge, eggs, bread, tea or coffee

C. tea and coffee         D. bread and eggs

13. People have lunch at _______.

A. any time          B. nine

C. five           D. one

14. People don’t have ________ for their dinner.

A. porridge          B. bananas and apples

C. some soup and meat       D. meat and fish

15. In many English homes dinner comes _______.

A. at one o’clock         B. in the middle of the day

C. at noon          D. at night

D

    My name is Gary and I have a sister and a brother, Rose and Paul. Do you eat healthy food every day? It's important! I like bananas very much. My mother often buys bananas from the supermarket(超市) for me.

    Rose and Paul like hamburgers. They also like salad(沙拉). They make salad with some vegetables and fruit. But I don't like salad. Paul doesn't like broccoli(花椰菜). But Rose does. My parents like tomatoes and broccoli. We like fruit and vegetables, but we don't like ice cream. French fries(薯条) and ice cream are bad for us. Write a list of food you eat. Is it good for your health? Do you eat right food every day?

16.                  like/likes bananas.

17. Rose likes                 .

18. Paul doesn't like                 .

19.                  and                  like tomatoes.

20.                  are bad for our health.

三、短文填空

Mike is going to have a trip to the Great Wall tomorrow.He decides to1._________some things for his trip.He often goes to the shop 2._________ bus.It’s ten o’clock in the morning .Many people are3._______ for the bus.His friend,Mary is also there.She wants to buy a present 4.________Lisa,her pen friend from London.She is coming to China to see Mary and they are going to 5.________ a good time.Can you guess whom they meet in the shop ?Lisa .She 6.___________looking a map of China.All of them are so happy at the 7.______.Mike says he is glad to meet Lisa.They are 8.__________ to each other happily.At last,the two 9._________ decide to climb the Great Wall 10.________ Mike tomorrow.

1._____________ 2._____________ 3._____________ 4._____________ 5._____________

6._____________ 7._____________ 8._____________ 9._____________ 10._____________