2022年湖北省潜江市中考英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2022年湖北省潜江市中考英语试卷（含答案解析），共16页。试卷主要包含了【答案】B，【答案】C，【答案】D，【答案】A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022年湖北省潜江市中考英语试卷

1. - I'm going to Disneyland      two weeks.
- Wow,sounds like fun!（　　）
A. to B. in C. an D. on
2. This isn't my schoolbag.       is over there.（　　）
A. His B. Hers C. Mine D. Yours
3. Breakfast gives you      for the morning.（　　）
A. wealth B. talent C. humor D. energy
4. David often forgets things.His memory is      .（　　）
A. poor B. long C. super D. strict
5. -Will you go to the museum by bus？
-I'd rather make a taxi.It's      .（　　）
A. busier B. harder C. cheaper D. faster
6. - Why are you laughing.Tony？
- There is      funny in the magazine.（　　）
A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
7. - What kind of music do you like？
- I like music that I      dance to.（　　）
A. can B. must C. should D. need
8. These animals are in great danger.We must      them.（　　）
A. sell B. show C. stop D. save
9. Diana and Lily should      the cost carefully for the holiday.（　　）
A. work out B. take away C. look after D. pick up
10. He      newspapers at 8：00 every evening.（　　）
A. reads B. is reading C. was reading D. has read
11. Li Lei      the school bus last Friday.（　　）
A. misses B. missed C. was missing D. has missed
12. -Your watch is really old.
-Yes,I      it since I was six.（　　）
A. have B. will have C. have had D. am having
13. -I wonder      .
-I'm not sure.Maybe next week.（　　）
A. where they will go B. who will give us a talk
C. how he will come back D. when her baby will be born
14. --Tom,turn off the light.Don't keep it on.
--      .（　　）
A. You'd better not B. OK.I will
C. Not at all D. You're welcome
15. -Would you mind my siting here？
-Of course not.      .（　　）
A. Don't be silly B. I've no idea
C. Go ahead D. It's hard to say
Penny's family was very poor.Her father was a sailor （水手）.He earned very little money and was(16)away from home.Her mother could not work(17)she was often sick.One day Penny's mother said to Penny, "Our lamp （灯）is broken.Go to the market on your way home from school and buy another one.Here's sixty dollars. (18)to get a bargain （讨价还价），dear."
After school,Penny went to Mr.Chen's store.She (19) a dirty old lamp on a shelf.What's that lamp made of？" she asked. "It's made of glass and metal.It's a good lamp." said Mr.Chen." (20)is it？" asked Penny. "Fifty dollars for you." Mr.Chen answered. "It's too (21).Hmm...I'll give you forty." "Forty-five and you have a deal." said Mr.Chen. "I'll(22)it." replied Penny.
After dinner,Penny cleaned the lamp. (23)a fairy （仙女） appeared.She spoke to Penny,"I've been inside that lamp for more than a thousand years.I was so(24)!Thank you for (25)me out.You can have three wishes as a reward （回报）." Penny thought for a moment and then told the fairy her wishes. "I want my mum to be (26).I want my dad to come home.I also want us to have enough food to eat." The fairy said," (27)!You're not a greedy child.Your wishes will come true." Then the fairy disappeared in a flash.
"Penny," called Penny's mother. "I feel better now!" Penny was surprised that her first wish had come true.Then she heard a loud(28)on the door.She opened the door.Her father was standing outside!He was carrying lots of(29). "I've got a new job as a shop assistant.I can live at home with you now!" The explained.Penny was very happy.She said to(30)， "Thank you so much,Fairy,for making my wishes come true!"
16.  A. never B. seldom C. always D. hardly
17.  A. so B. when C. until D. because
18.  A. Offer B. Try C. Forget D. Choose
19.  A. saw B. put C. brought D. made
20.  A. How long B. How much C. How far D. How old
21.  A. expensive B. cheap C. heavy D. low
22.  A. treat B. send C. visit D. take
23.  A. Suddenly B. Probably C. Recently D. Exactly
24.  A. excited B. interested C. bored D. relaxed
25.  A. kicking B. dropping C. letting D. blowing
26.  A. rich B. beautiful C. thin D. well
27.  A. Hold on B. Look out C. No problem D. Help yourself
28.  A. noise B. knock C. sound D. voice
29.  A. food B. trouble C. clothes D. books
30.  A. himself B. herself C. ourselves D. themselves
31. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period,there was a man named Gao Chai in the Qi Kingdom.Gao Chai was clever and kind-hated.Many stories about his childhood (1) （tell） in his hometown.
For example,one day,little Gao Chai and his friends (2) （ play） near a river when one of them fell into the water.The other (3) （kid） were shocked and very frightened The other (3) （kid） were shocked and very frightened （受惊吓的）.They did not know what (5) （ do） and there were no adults to help.Gao Chai (6) （ quick） found a solution.He picked up a large gourd （葫芦）and threw (7) to his friend in the river.His friend (8) （understand） at once and caught the gourd,which enabled him to float on the water and swim to the river bank.
Gao Chai's mother was often ill.When his father was out,the little boy would help a lot in the house,cooking meals for his mother and preparing medicine for (9) （she）.
After some time,Gao Chai went to the Lu Kingdom and became a student of Confucius （孔子）.He was neither good-looking (10) tall,and he did not talk much.Even Confucius did not have a high opinion of him at first.Fortunately,Gao Chai had one good friend among his classmates whose name was Zilu.Zilu later served (11) an official （官员） in the Lu Kingdom.He was asked to recommend （推荐） someone to be a good government official.The person he recommended was Gao Chai.
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R

Mount Rose Primary School
June 6th,2022
Dear parents,
New York Choir Concert
Upper primary pupils will go to a concert by the New York Choir at City Hall on Saturday,August 6th.Please note the following：
① Tickets
Tickets cost ＄50 per pupil.Please send a cheque （支票） to the school.
② Meeting time and place
The concert will start at 8：00 p.m.We will meet at the main entrance of City Hall at 7：45 p.m.Please be on time.
③ Behavior
There is no need to wear school uniform.However,all pupils should dress neatly.Pupils should not take photographs or record any part of the performance.
Please fill in the reply slip below and return it to the class teacher no later than June 30th,Thank you.
Cecilia Chen
Music Teacher

32. The concert will be held on ______ .
A. June 6th B. June 9th C. June 30th D. August 6th
33. From the passage,we know that ______ .
A. Harry will go to the concert
B. Cecilia will meet her students at 7：45 a.m.
C. Helen can take some photos of the concert
D. students should wear school uniforms to the concert
34. The passage is a ______ .
A. report B. speech C. survey D. notice
S
Staring with this fall term,students in primary and middle schools will have at least one course every week on basic household skills such as cleaning and cooking,according to a new curriculum standard （课程标准） for labor education in compulsory （强制的；义务的） education made by the government.Should household skills be made compulsory at schools？
Michael：By learning basic skills like cooking,cleaning and maintaining home appliances （电器），children can learn how to take care of themselves and live independently.Parents won't always be there to help their children with every problem they'll meet in their lives.They need to learn new things,make mistakes,solve problems and grow from their experiences.It is necessary for children to learn these important lifesaving skills as early as possible.
Eliza：Many students have to study for the whole day and simply don't have the time to develop their interests.A compulsory household skills class can give them more chances to meet various aspects of life and help them discover different passions.Some children who are interested in food or those who have an interest in maintaining home appliances can develop these skills in the class.
Jade：There are only limited hours in a school day.With all the required classes there is not enough time for household courses.I think it is something that parents need to do at home with their children,having them help around the house with cooking,cleaning,washing,planting,etc.Remember school can't teach your children everything.They need you,too!
Ben：Household courses should be made optional （可选择的） for students.They should be given the choice to take whatever they like.If one wants to cook dishes,he or she is welcome.But it should not be made compulsory and forced onto every student.
Linda：Schools should have cooking classes.Children will be taught about their food,where it comes from,how to use the cooking tools properly and how to cook nutritiously.Many parents don't have this knowledge and have no time or energy to do this.A household class would provide the knowledge and training that parents are unable to give their children.
Maria：I learned some base cooking skills from my mother,but most of them were learned after I graduated from college,from cooking books and online short videos.Household skills like cooking are much more useful than a lot of what is taught in schools,but it does require some fully equipped （配备齐全的） kitchens.I hope these classes will benefit （使受益） students and not be seen as .
35. Jade thinks household courses ______ .
A. should be made optional
B. are good for students' growth
C. should be taught by parents at home
D. can help children develop their interests
36. The underlined phrase " " probably means " ______ ".
A. good look but not clever B. good form but not achievable
C. good taste but not healthy D. good style but not popular
37. The main purpose of the passage is to ______ .
A. show different ideas about household courses
B. introduce something about household courses
C. encourage students to study household courses
D. tell parents the importance of household courses
Mention the word shark to someone on the beach and you are sure to get a reaction （反应）.Sharks have been the most feared predator （捕猎者） of ocean.Sharks are fish. (1) They can be found in oceans all over the world,and they have also been found in some rivers and lakes.
One difference between most other fish and a shark is that most fish have bones and a shark has cartilage. (2) Another difference is that the shark is only able to swim forward,while most fish can swim forwards and backwards.Fish also generally have slippery scales （滑溜的鱼鳞），while a shark has rough scales that feel like sandpaper.
(3) In fact,there are about 368 different types.The differences include color,habitat,behavior,and size.Sharks are also known for their very sharp teeth. (4) Instead they swallow large chunks of food.They have five rows of teeth.If a tooth is broken,it is replaced by another tooth.
Sharks are carnivores,meaning that they eat meat. (5) It seems like sharks attack （攻击） people a lot,but chances of getting stung by a bee or getting hit by lightning are greater.Even so,experts say it is important to keep an eye out for sharks when swimming in the ocean.

A.Sharks do not normally attack people.
B.There are many different types of sharks.
C.They do not use their teeth to chew their food.
D.Cartilage is tough,but it is not as strong as bone.
E.They have been around since the time of dinosaurs.
38.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
39.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
40.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
41.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
42.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
43. Jane and her family loved buffets.When they were on holiday,they had a buffet dinner at the hotel where they were staying.
Jane put a lot of beef and a few vegetables on her plate.She also took a lot of fried rice and fries.
Her mother looked at Jane's plate and said, "You shouldn't eat too much meat or fried food.You've put so much food on your plate.Are you sure you can finish it all？"
"Of course!" said Jane.
Next Jane and her father went to get some dessert （甜点）.Jane put a lot of jelly and cake on her plate.
"You should only take a little jelly and cake,Jane.Look at your plate!Are you sure you can eat it all？" asked her father.
"Of course!" said Jane.
Jane was soon full.
"Look at all the food you've left on your plate,Jane." said her father. "Can you eat it all up？"
"Sorry,Dad.I can't." said Jane.
Jane's father asked for the bill.The waiter looked at the food.
"Do you want this food,sir？" he asked.
Jane's father said, "No.I'm sorry.We can't finish it.We're full." The waiter weighed the food.Then he gave Jane's father the bill.
Jane's father looked at the bill and said, "My goodness!You've wasted a lot of food,Jane.Now we have to pay for it.No pocket money for you this month!"
(1) Where did Jane and her family have the buffet？（答题词数不超过 7个）
______
(2) What dessert did Jane take？（答题词数不超过 8个）
______
(3) Why did Jane's father stop her pocket money？（答题词数不超过 11个）
______
(4) Do you think the rule in the picture is a good idea？Why？（答题词数不超过 15个）
______
44. 饮食不当，可能会诱发多种疾病。以下图片是李华同学的一次就诊经历，请结合图片及所给提示词，发挥你的想象，用英语写一篇不少于80词的短文，讲述一下他经历了什么，以后要注意些什么。文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。
提示词： at the clinic （诊所）；junk food；stomachache；medicine


      
答案和解析

1.【答案】B
【解析】to"到"；in"在（某段时间）之后"，in two weeks"两周后"；an修饰以元音音素开头的单词，"一"，表示泛指；on"在...上面"。根据"I'm going to Disneyland       two weeks."可知两周后我要去迪斯尼乐园。
故选：B。
-两周后我要去迪斯尼乐园。
-哇，听起来很有趣！
本题考查介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答案。

2.【答案】C
【解析】A.他的；B.她的；C.我的；D.你的。前面说的是"my schoolbag"，那么后面指的也应是"我的"，用mine。
故选：C。
这不是我的书包。我的在那边。
仔细分析句子的结构，掌握名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词的用法。

3.【答案】D
【解析】wealth钱财；talent才能；humor幽默；energy能量。根据Breakfast"早餐"可知，应该给你"能量"。
故选：D。
早餐给你早晨的能量。
要在理解名词意思的基础上，根据具体语境，掌握一些常识，选择合适答案。

4.【答案】A
【解析】poor贫穷的、劣质的；long长的；super超级的；strict严格的。根据David often forgets things."大卫经常忘记事情。"可知，记忆力是"差的"。
故选：A。
大卫经常忘记事情。他的记忆力很差。
形容词的种类有很多，要根据具体语境选择适当的形容词，抓住关键词句，分析用法，完成试题。

5.【答案】D
【解析】busier更忙的；harder更努力的；cheaper更便宜的；faster更快的。根据"你会坐公共汽车去博物馆吗？我宁愿坐出租车。"可知，出租车是"更快的"。
故选：D。
--你会坐公共汽车去博物馆吗？
--我宁愿坐出租车。它是更快的。
形容词的种类有很多，要根据具体语境选择适当的形容词，抓住关键词句，分析用法，完成试题。

6.【答案】B
【解析】anything"任何事"，用于否定句或疑问句中；something"某物，某事"，用于肯定句；everything"每一件事"；nothing"没什么事"。根据"Why are you laughing"可知杂志上有一些有趣的东西，为肯定句。
故选：B。
-你为什么笑，托尼？
-杂志上有一些有趣的东西。
本题考查不定代词辨析，基础题，熟悉每个选项的用法及含义，根据题干即可作出选择。

7.【答案】A
【解析】can能；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据"我喜欢......跟着跳舞的音乐。"可知，应该是"能"，填can。
故选：A。
--你喜欢什么样的音乐？
--我喜欢能跟着跳舞的音乐。
情态动词在句中不受人称、性别、单复数变化的影响，但是要考虑时态，交际用法等。结合语境，选择正确答案。

8.【答案】D
【解析】A.卖；B.展示；C.停止；D.拯救。根据前面可知，动物们处境危险，所以我们应该去"拯救（save）"它们。
故选：D。
这些动物们处于极度危险中。我们必须拯救它们。
作答此类试题，首先要判断各个选项的汉语意思，然后结合句意选择恰当的一项。

9.【答案】A
【解析】work out"计算出"；take away"拿走"；look after"照顾"；pick up"捡起"。根据"the cost"可知戴安娜和莉莉应该仔细计算假期的费用。
故选：A。
戴安娜和莉莉应该仔细计算假期的费用。
考查动词短语，要牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。

10.【答案】A
【解析】分析句子可知。时间状语"at 8：00 every evening"为一般现在时标志。
故选：A。
他每天晚上8点都读报。
考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。

11.【答案】B
【解析】时间状语"last Friday"为一般过去时标志，动词用过去式形式。
故选：B。
上周五李磊错过了校车。
考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。

12.【答案】C
【解析】分析句子可知，时间状语"since I was six."为现在完成时标志，结构为：have/has+Vpp。
故选：C。
--你的手表真的很旧了。
--是的，我从六岁的时候就买了。
考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。

13.【答案】D
【解析】根据观察和分析可知题干包含宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述句语序，因此可先排除B。选项A询问的是地点；选项C询问的是方式；选项D询问的是时间。根据答语的意思可知本题正确答案是D。
故选：D。
--我想知道她的宝宝何时出生。
--我不能确信。也许下周吧。
解答本题首先需理解所给选项的意思，再根据答语的意思选取正确答案。

14.【答案】B
【解析】You'd better not你最好不要；OK.I will好的。我会的；Not at all别客气；You're welcome不客气。根据"汤姆，把灯关掉。别开着它。"可知，应该说"好的。我会的。"
故选：B。
--汤姆，把灯关掉。别开着它。
--好的。我会的。
分析选项意思，结合语境，积累一些交际用语，选择符合句意的答案。

15.【答案】C
【解析】Don't be silly别傻了；I've no idea我不知道；Go ahead坐吧；It's hard to say很难说。根据"你介意我坐在这里吗？当然不。"可知，应该说"坐吧。"
故选：C。
--你介意我坐在这里吗？
--当然不。坐吧。
在日常学习中要从实际情景交际中多练习，掌握一些习惯用语。结合语境，分析选项，选择正确的回答，完成练习。

16~30.【答案】C、D、B、A、B、A、D、A、C、C、D、C、B、A、B
【解析】（1）副词辨析。A.never 从不；B.seldom几乎不；C.always 总是；D.hardly几乎不。根据Her father was a sailor （水手）.结合常识可知，水手总是要离开家。故选C。
（2）连词辨析。A.so 所以；B.when 当...时候；C.until 直到；D.because因为。她母亲不能工作，因为她经常生病。故选D。
（3）动词辨析。A.Offer 提供；B.Try 尝试；C.Forget 忘记；D.Choose选择。亲爱的，试着讨价还价。故选B。
（4）动词辨析。A.saw 看见；B.put 放；C.brought 带来；D.made制作。她看到架子上有一盏又脏又旧的灯。故选A。
（5）疑问词组辨析。A.How long 多长时间；B.How much 多少钱；C.How far 多远；D.How old多大。根据Fifty dollars for you可知是询问多少钱。故选B。
（6）形容词辨析。A.expensive 昂贵的；B.cheap 便宜的；C.heavy 重的；D.low低的。根据Fifty dollars for you以及Hmm...I'll give you forty可知是觉得太贵了。故选A。
（7）动词辨析。A.treat 对待；B.send寄；C.visit拜访；D.take带走。I'll take it.（我买了。）是买东西常用语。故选D。
（8）副词辨析。A.Suddenly 突然；B.Probably 可能地；C.Recently 最近；D.Exactly精确地。突然一个仙女出现了。故选A。
（9）形容词辨析。A.excited 兴奋的；B.interested有趣的；C.bored 无聊的；D.relaxed放松的。根据I've been inside that lamp for more than a thousand years.（我在那盏灯里待了一千多年了。）可知是很无聊的。故选C。
（10）动词辨析。A.kicking 敲；B.dropping 掉落；C.letting 让；D.blowing吹。谢谢你让我出去。故选C。
（11）形容词辨析。A.rich 有钱的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.thin 瘦的；D.well（身体）好的。根据Her mother could not work（2）she was often sick.可知想让生病的妈妈身体变好。故选D。
（12）动词短语辨析。A.Hold on 等一下；B.Look out 向外看；C.No problem 没问题；D.Help yourself自便。根据Your wishes will come true.（你的愿望会实现的。）可知是没问题。故选C。
（13）名词辨析。A.noise 噪音；B.knock 敲打声；C.sound 声音；D.voice嗓音。然后她听到一声很响的敲门声。故选B。
（14）名词辨析。A.food 食物；B.trouble 麻烦；C.clothes 衣服；D.books书。根据I've got a new job as a shop assistant.（我找到了一份售货员的新工作。）可知是带了许多食物。故选A。
（15）代词辨析。A.himself 他自己；B.herself 她自己；C.ourselves 我们自己；D.themselves他们自己。她对她自己说。故选B。
佩妮的家庭很穷，一天她的妈妈让她去买一盏灯，佩妮买了一盏便宜的有点破旧的灯，灯里住着一个仙女，仙女为了表示感谢帮助佩妮实现了愿望。
首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

31.【答案】【小题1】were told
【小题2】were playing
【小题3】kids
【小题4】kids
【小题5】to do
【小题6】quickly
【小题7】it
【小题8】understood
【小题9】her
【小题10】nor
【解析】（1）考查时态和语态。句意：他的家乡讲了许多关于他童年的故事。根据语境可知讲述的是过去的事情，且stories和tell之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were told。
（2）考查时态。句意：例如，有一天，小高柴和他的朋友们在河边玩耍，其中一个掉进了河里。根据语境可知用过去进行时，主语是复数，故填were playing。
（3）考查可数名词复数。句意：其他孩子都惊呆了，非常害怕。根据were可知用kid的复数形式。故填kids。
（4）考查不定式。句意：他们不知道该怎么办，也没有大人帮忙。用疑问词+不定式结构做宾语。故填to do。
（5）考查副词。句意：高柴很快找到了解决办法。用副词修饰动词found。故填quickly。
（6）考查代词。句意：他捡起一个大葫芦，扔给了河里的朋友。用it指代前面提到的a large gourd。故填it。
（7）考查时态。句意：他的朋友立刻明白了，抓住了葫芦，使他漂浮在水面上，游到河边。根据语境可知用一般过去时。故填understood。
（8）考查宾格。句意：当他的父亲不在家的时候，小男孩会在家里帮很多忙，为他的母亲做饭，为她准备药。介词for后用she的宾格形式。故填her。
（9）考查固定搭配。句意：他长得不好看，个子也不高，话也不多。neither...nor...既不...也不....。故填nor。
（10）考查介词。句意：子路后来在鲁国做官。serve as担任，充当。故填as。
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了春秋时期齐国一个叫高柴的人的故事。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。

32~34.【答案】D、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Upper primary pupils will go to a concert by the New York Choir at City Hall on Saturday,August 6th.（8月6日，周六，高年级学生将在市政厅参加纽约合唱团的音乐会。）可知，音乐会将在8月6日召开。故选D。
（2）细节判断题。根据Reply Slip（回执单）可知，Harry Lin将会参加音乐会，因此选项A（哈里将会去听音乐会）是正确。故选A。
（3）文章类型题。通读全文，可知这篇文章介绍了纽约合唱团的音乐会，包含了门票价格，时间地点和其他要求等，并介绍了Harry Lin的回执单，因此本篇文章是一份布告。故选D。
这篇布告介绍了纽约合唱团的音乐会，包含了门票价格，时间地点和其他要求等，并介绍了Harry Lin的回执单。
首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文，核对答案。

35~37.【答案】C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据I think it is something that parents need to do at home with their children,having them help around the house with cooking,cleaning,washing,planting,etc.（我认为这是父母在家里需要和孩子一起做的事情，让他们帮忙做饭、打扫、洗衣服、种植等等。）可知，杰德认为家庭课程应该由父母在家里教。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句句意"我希望这些课程能让学生受益，而不是被视为装点门面。"可知windowdressing表示门面装饰，引申为形式很好，但无法实现。故选B。
（3）写作意图题。根据Should household skills be made compulsory at schools？（家庭技能应该成为学校的必修课吗？）以及下面六个人名可知，本文主要介绍了不同的人对家庭课程表达不同的观点。故选A。
本文主要介绍了不同的人对家庭课程表达的不同的观点。
阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解。根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。

38~42.【答案】E、D、B、C、A
【解析】细节推理题。
（1）根据前句Sharks are fish. （鲨鱼是鱼。）可知说的是鲨鱼，结合选项，应说它们从恐龙时代就存在了。故选E。
（2）根据前句One difference between most other fish and a shark is that most fish have bones and a shark has cartilage.（大多数其他鱼类和鲨鱼的一个区别是，大多数鱼类都有骨骼，鲨鱼有软骨。）可知说的是软骨，结合选项，应说软骨是坚硬的，但它不像骨头那么坚硬。故选D。
（3）根据后句In fact,there are about 368 different types.（事实上，大约有368种不同的类型。）可知说的是种类，结合选项，应说鲨鱼有许多不同的种类。故选B。
（4）根据前句Sharks are also known for their very sharp teeth. （鲨鱼也因其锋利的牙齿而闻名。）可知说的是牙齿，结合选项，应说它们不用牙齿咀嚼食物。故选C。
（5）根据前句It seems like sharks attack （攻击） people a lot,but chances of getting stung by a bee or getting hit by lightning are greater.（鲨鱼似乎经常袭击人，但被蜜蜂蛰到或被闪电击中的几率更大。）可知说的是危险性，结合选项，应说鲨鱼通常不会攻击人类。故选A。
短文讲了关于鲨鱼的一些知识。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，保证上下文意思通顺，结合选项选出正确答案。

43.【答案】【小题1】At the hotel.
【小题2】A lot of jelly and cake.
【小题3】Because she wasted too much food.
【小题4】Yes.Because it's a good way to prevent people from food wasting.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据When they were on holiday,they had a buffet dinner at the hotel where they were staying.（他们度假时，在下榻的酒店吃了一顿自助餐。）可知是在酒店。故答案为：At the hotel.
（2）细节理解题。根据Jane put a lot of jelly and cake on her plate.（简在盘子里放了很多果冻和蛋糕。）可知简在盘子里放了很多果冻和蛋糕。故答案为：A lot of jelly and cake.
（3）细节理解题。根据You've wasted a lot of food,Jane.Now we have to pay for it.No pocket money for you this month!（简，你浪费了很多食物。现在我们得付钱了。这个月没有零花钱给你！）可知因为她浪费了很多食物。故答案为：Because she wasted too much food.
（4）个人观点题。我认为是好方法，能阻止人们浪费食物，故答案为：Yes.Because it's a good way to prevent people from food wasting.
本文讲述的是简和她的家人吃自助餐的一起经历，简浪费了很多食物，受到了教训。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

44.【答案】One day,Li Hua had a stomachache.His father took him to a clinic right away.
At the clinic,a nurse asked what was wrong with Li Hua.【高分句型一】He answered, "I had a stomachache,maybe I ate too much junk food last night." Then,the nurse took him to see a doctor.The doctor examined him carefully.He told him to take some medicine and rest in bed.
One day later,Li Hua felt better.He realized that he would eat more vegetables and fruit,less junk food in the future.【高分句型二】
【解析】【高分句型一】
At the clinic,a nurse asked what was wrong with Li Hua.在诊所，一位护士问李华怎么了。宾语从句。
【高分句型二】
He realized that he would eat more vegetables and fruit,less junk food in the future.他意识到，将来他会吃更多的蔬菜和水果，少吃垃圾食品。He realized that+宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。