北京中考英语阅读表达专项模拟训练（附答案）

这是一份北京中考英语阅读表达专项模拟训练（附答案），共12页。
一、
A Rubbish Cllectr’s Wrk Is Never Dne
Brian Kane was a rubbish cllectr in Denver, Clrad. Eight hurs a day, five days a week, fifty weeks a year, he rde n the back f a garbage truck. At each stp, he wuld run t the back f buildings, then pull heavy rubbish cans t the truck. Brian never cmplained.
Brian saw these hardships as pprtunities t becme strng and fit. His jb was a training grund fr his lifelng dream: t climb Munt Omlangma. On his thirtieth birthday, Brian tk a leave frm his jb and flew t Nepal t begin the lng, difficult jurney up Munt Qmlangma.
Brian first climbed t a basecamp (大本营). He planned t bring three xygen cntainers (氧气罐) with him t the tp. At 29,028 feet, it wuld be hard t survive (存活) withut extra xygen. Over the next tw mnths, Brian climbed t 26,000 feet, t Camp Fur — the last place t rest belw the tp f the muntain. But when Brian saw this camp, he fell t his knees. “Rubbish!” he cried. Nearly a thusand empty xygen cntainers littered the camp area. Humans had turned this beautiful, far-away place int a big rubbish pile (堆). Brian was very sad. But with a strng determinatin (决心) he cntinued t fllw his dream. Tw days later he std prudly n the tp f Munt Qmlangma. He had reached the “rf f the wrld!”
Tw days after this great achievement, Brian put a dzen empty xygen cntainers in his pack and walked dwn the muntain. He smiled t himself as he realized that the wrk f a rubbish cllectr is great and never dne.
1．What was Brian Kane?
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2．What was Brian’s lifelng dream?
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3．What did Brian plan t bring t the tp f Munt Qmlangma?
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4．Hw did Brian feel when he saw the rubbish pile at Camp Fur?
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5．What d yu think f Brian Kane?
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二、
Teens Making a Difference
The pwer f teens is making an influence. These students are shwing they have a valuable talent fr inspiring yunger children t d their best.
Tutrs (辅导教师) Prgram
Yunger children smetimes are wrried abut their hmewrk. In ne Seattle after-schl prgram, student tutrs cme t help. They help the children with artwrks when their hmewrk is dne. The yunger students are happy t get help with their hmewrk. They are even happier t get the attentin f lder students.
The yunger students say the tutrs are great rle mdels. The student tutrs say they get a great experience frm wrking with yunger children. It gives them cnfidence and imprves their cmmunicatin skills.
Yuth Caches Prgram
What’s better than a play day at schl? A play day with teen caches! Just ask the six hundred students at a Flrida primary schl. Each year, they spend a special day with sme f high schl athletes.
The teens teach all kinds f athletic skills. Sme children learn t play basketball while thers learn t play tennis r ftball. The teens als take time t explain hw they balance sprts and schlwrk and the yung listeners hang n every wrd the teens say!
Dance Teachers Prgram
When parents in ne Bstn cmmunity were asked what they wished their children culd d after schl, they said, “Dance!” They prbably wuldn’t predict what happened next. Six teens vlunteered t learn Latin dance. They wanted t teach the children in the cmmunity hw t dance!
The teens frmed a grup and began sharing the dance steps they learned. The prgram grew quickly. Mre teens became teachers and mre yunger children learned t dance. Fr the yunger children, it was a chance t spend time with teen rle mdels that they admired. Tday, the prgram is a big success. Over three hundred children take part in the classes every year.
1．Hw d the yunger students feel abut getting help with their hmewrk in the Tutrs Prgram?
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2．What d the teens in the Yuth Caches Prgram teach?
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3．Why did six teens vlunteer t learn Latin dance in the Dance Teachers Prgram?
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4．Hw many children take part in the classes every year in the Dance Teachers Prgram?
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5．What d yu think f these prgrams? Why d yu think s?
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三、
Eating Tgether, Separately
Separate dining is cmmn in the western culture, while in China's dining culture, whether dining at hme r eating ut, a gruped dining system is used in mst situatins.
Hwever, the crnavirus pandemic has challenged the deep-rted Chinese dining traditin f sharing dishes tgether, which inspires the gvernment, restaurants and citizens t rethink abut eating custms.
Standards n individual (供一人用的)dining, serving chpsticks (公筷)and tw pairs f chpsticks came ut n March 18. Here are the main pints.
 Individual diners' fd shuld he served t custmers in separate tableware.
 Each shared dish shuld be served with a separate pair f serving chpsticks.
 Each diner shuld have tw pairs f differently clred chpsticks. One is t get fd frm shared dishes t place int individual hwls, and the ther is fr eating frm individual bwls.
The abve new standards aim t prtect the public health in a scientific and practical way. Over 200 cmpanies have fllwed the guidelines. In rder t encurage custmers t fllw the standards, sme restaurants ffer parking cupns (优惠券)t thse wh use serving chpsticks.
Accrding t a survey abut separate dining by think tank Thinker, nearly 89% f 100,000 interviewees believe it's mre hygienic (卫生的)because it reduces the risk f infectin via saliva (唾液传染）.
Fr Chinese, it is nt easy t change their dining behavir, because they think the gruped dining system is a traditin. When they share the fd, they are building up a clse relatinship amng diners. Besides, it is difficult t divide Chinese dishes int separate parts.
Eating separately is a break frm traditin, but it is helpful t prevent diseases and imprve health. Peple can still sit at the same table, sharing the same fd and the same culture in a new way. It als encurages advanced cking skills, which means a chance f creating smething new in Chinese fd.
1．When did the standards n individual dining cme ut?
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2．What is the aim f the new standards?
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3．Hw d sme restaurants encurage custmers t use serving chpsticks?
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4．Why is it nt easy t change Chinese dining behavir?
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5．Accrding t the passage, what d yu think f eating separately?
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四、
Mechanical Engineering
D yu like t build with blcks? Have yu ever wndered hw planes stay in the air? D yu like t design and create new things? If yu d, a career (职业) in mechanical engineering might be right fr yu!
A mechanical engineer is respnsible fr cming up with and designing mechanical systems. Mechanical systems can include machine design, heating and cling equipment, and prduct design.
Mechanical engineers are in high need right nw. There are a lt f jb penings fr mechanical engineers, but there aren’t enugh peple t fill thse jbs. Because there is a high need fr engineers and the wrk requires specialized knwledge, engineers get paid mre than sme ther careers.
T be a mechanical engineer, yu need t graduate frm cllege with a bachelr’s (学士) degree. In cllege, yu will learn prblem slving and critical thinking skills.
Prblem slving is very imprtant in the field f mechanical engineering. T cme up with the best slutin t a prblem, mechanical engineers need t think in different ways. They als need t be creative, because they may need t make smething that’s never been made befre. Paying attentin t details (细节) is imprtant as well. Many designs depend n a lt f little details.
Mechanical engineers als need t be able t use different tls, such as calculatrs, high-speed cameras, and cmputers. There are many cmputer prgrams mechanical engineers use t create designs, run scenaris (方案), and d research.
As with many ther jbs, mechanical engineers shuld be able t meet deadlines (期限) and wrk well with ther peple. Sme jbs can be dne with just ne persn, but mre ften mechanical engineers wrk n a team t cmplete a prject. If an engineer cannt manage his r her time well and misses a deadline, the whle team gets delayed (拖延).
Sme engineers wrk in an ffice, and sme travel t different wrksites while a machine r prduct is being built, s they can help slve any prblems.
Mechanical engineering takes a lt f thught. It is a great career fr peple wh like t make bjects and machines wrk, slve prblems, and be creative!
1．What is a mechanical engineer respnsible fr?
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2．T be a mechanical engineer, what will a student learn in cllege?
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3．Hw can mechanical engineers cme up with the best slutin t a prblem?
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4．Why shuld a mechanical engineer be able t meet deadlines?
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5．In yur pinin, which quality (品质) f mechanical engineers shuld students learn? Why?
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五、Yung Kids Can Make a Big Difference
With the changes f their life r the envirnment, human being faces many different kinds f diseases. Thugh the diseases are very difficult t deal with, peple get their ways t prevent them frm develping and help thers wh are in need. These years, COVID(新冠状病毒)is the cmmn tpic all ver the wrld. Every persn faces it bravely and takes actin actively. Ben and his classmate Andersn, led a grup f students and set ut t make a difference. They made their lives change a lt when the COVID hit. “We were all wrking hard n ur study and lking fr ways t vlunteer in ur cmmunities,” Ben said, “Smetimes it’s hard at ur age t really make a difference. Wearing a mask(口罩)is a necessary way t keep everyne healthy nw. But at the beginning f this situatin, buying masks is ging t be difficult n pr peple, s we want t d smething useful t help them. And we are sure it will be better sn.”
Ben and Andersn discvered the rganizatin Mask Nw TN that was giving ut masks t pr peple and hmeless peple. Their need fr dnatins(捐赠)was great. The rganizatin helped peple in need by cllecting ver 10 thusand masks. Anyne wh culdn’t affrd t buy them get help.
The tw bys als encuraged high students at Independence High Schl t cllect dnatins. Then they set up cllectin bxes. “Everyne we met in cmmunity was just s kind,” Andersn said. “We cannt thank them enugh, any wrd can’t stand fr ur heart.”
It tk them abut a mnth and a half t rganize with Mask Nw TN, but nce they began accepting dnatins, they spent nly three weeks reaching their gal f 10,000. “Finding a way t help thers in need has been s meaningful fr us students,” said Ben’s yunger brther, Andrew, wh jined them.
The mney frm the dnatin was a great challenge fr the kids, they learned a lt. “It may seem upsetting at first. We dn’t knw where t buy masks and hw t manage the mney. It is hard t start a prject like this as a teenager,” Ben says. “Once yu get ver it, if yu have a gd idea that will truly help yur cmmunity, peple will understand and supprt yu.”
1．Wh led a grup f students and set ut t make a difference?
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2．What is a necessary way t keep everyne healthy?
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3．Hw many masks did the rganizatin cllect fr peple in need?
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4．Why did the kids think the mney frm the dnatin was a great challenge?
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5．What d yu think f the students in the passage? Why d yu think s?
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参考答案：
一、1．A rubbish cllectr.
2．T climb Munt Qmlangma.
3．Three xygen cntainers.
4．Very sad.
5．Great/Brave/Kind/Hardwrking.
解析：
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个垃圾收集者布莱恩辛勤劳动，终于在他30岁时实现了他的人生梦想——登上珠穆朗玛峰。而在登峰的过程中发现人们把这个美丽的地方变成了一个大垃圾堆，这使他意识到一个垃圾收集者的工作从未完成。
1．根据“Brian Kane was a rubbish cllectr in Denver, Clrad.”可知，布莱恩是一个垃圾收集者。故填A rubbish cllectr.
2．根据“His jb was a training grund fr his lifelng dream: t climb Munt Omlangma.”可知，他的工作是他人生梦想的训练场，他要登上珠穆朗玛峰。故填T climb Munt Qmlangma.
3．根据“Brian first climbed t a basecamp. He planned t bring three xygen cntainers with him t the tp.”可知，布莱恩计划带三个氧气罐到山顶。故填Three xygen cntainers.
4．根据“Humans had turned this beautiful, far-away place int a big rubbish pile. Brian was very sad.”可知布莱恩看见人们把这个美丽的、遥远的地方变成垃圾堆时，他非常的难过。故填Very sad.
5．开放性做答，结合文章，合理即可。参考答案为Great/Brave/Kind/Hardwrking.
二、1．They feel happy.
2．They teach all kinds f athletic skills
3．Because they wanted t teach the children in the cmmunity hw t dance.
4．Over three hundred.
5．I think they are meaningful. Because they are nt nly beneficial t the teens, but als helpful t the yunger children.
解析：
本文主要介绍了几个青少年激励年幼的孩子的项目。
1．根据“The yunger students are happy t get help with their hmewrk.”可知年幼的学生很乐意在作业上得到帮助。故填They feel happy.
2．根据“The teens teach all kinds f athletic skills”可知青年教练计划中的青少年教授各种运动技能。故填They teach all kinds f athletic skills.
3．根据“Six teens vlunteered t learn Latin dance. They wanted t teach the children in the cmmunity hw t dance!”可知六名青少年自愿学习拉丁舞，因为他们想教社区里的孩子们跳舞。故填Because they wanted t teach the children in the cmmunity hw t dance.
4．根据“Over three hundred children take part in the classes every year.”可知每年有超过300名儿童参加这些课程。故填Over three hundred.
5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。例如：我认为这些项目非常有意义，因为它们不仅对青少年有益处，而且对年幼的孩子有帮助。故填I think they are meaningful. Because they are nt nly beneficial t the teens, but als helpful t the yunger children.
三、1．On March 18.
2．T prtect the public health in a scientific and practical way.
3．By ffering thse wh use serving chpsticks parking cupns. /They ffer thse wh use serving chpsticks parking cupns.
4．Because they think the gruped dining system is a traditin.
5．It is a break frm traditin, but it is helpful t prevent diseases and imprve health as well as encuraging advanced cking skills.
It is a break frm traditin, but it is helpful t prevent diseases and imprve health as well as a chance f creating smething new in Chinese fd.
It is a break frm traditin, but it is helpful and inspiring.
解析：
新冠肺炎的流行已经挑战了根深蒂固的中国人一起分享菜肴的传统，这激发了政府、餐馆和公民重新思考饮食习俗。3月18日，《中餐分餐制、公筷制、双筷制 标准》出台。本文主要阐述了《标准》中的一些细则。
1．根据第三段中“Standards n individual (供一人用的)dining, serving chpsticks (公筷)and tw pairs f chpsticks came ut n March 18.”可知，《标准》是n March 18出台的。故填n March 18。
2．根据第七段中“The abve new standards aim t prtect the public health in a scientific and practical way.”可知，实施《标准》的目的是为了旨在科学、切实地保护公众健康。故填T prtect the public health in a scientific and practical way。
3．根据第七段中“In rder t encurage custmers t fllw the standards, sme restaurants ffer parking cupns (优惠券)t thse wh use serving chpsticks.”可知，为了鼓励顾客遵守标准，一些餐馆向使用筷子的顾客提供停车优惠券。故填By ffering thse wh use serving chpsticks parking cupns. /They ffer thse wh use serving chpsticks parking cupns。
4．根据第八段中“Fr Chinese, it is nt easy t change their dining behavir, because they think the gruped dining system is a traditin.”可知，执行《标准》是困难的，因为他们认为集体用餐制度是一种传统。故填Because they think the gruped dining system is a traditin。
5．根据文章最后一段“Eating separately is a break frm traditin, but it is helpful t prevent diseases and imprve health.”可知，分餐制是一种与时俱进的变化。故填It is a break frm traditin, but it is helpful t prevent diseases and imprve health as well as encuraging advanced cking skills./It is a break frm traditin, but it is helpful t prevent diseases and imprve health as well as a chance f creating smething new in Chinese fd. /It is a break frm traditin, but it is helpful and inspiring.
四、1．He/She is respnsible fr cming up with and designing mechanical systems.
2．He/She will learn prblem slving and critical thinking skills.
3．They need t think in different ways, be creative and pay attentin t details.
4．Because if an engineer misses a deadline, the whle team gets delayed.
5．I think students shuld learn t think in different ways, be creative and pay attentin t details. Because they are nt nly helpful in jbs, but als meaningful in ur daily life.
解析：
本文主要介绍了与机械工程师这种职业。包括工作职责以及相关要求。
1．根据“A mechanical engineer is respnsible fr cming up with and designing mechanical systems”可知，机械工程师负责提出和设计机械系统。故填He/She is respnsible fr cming up with and designing mechanical systems.
2．根据“In cllege, yu will learn prblem slving and critical thinking skills.”可知，在大学里，你将学习解决问题和批判性思维的技能。故填He/She will learn prblem slving and critical thinking skills.
3．根据“T cme up with the best slutin t a prblem, mechanical engineers need t think in different ways.”和“Paying attentin t details (细节) is imprtant as well.”可知，为了找到解决问题的最佳方法，机械工程师需要用不同的方式思考，需要有创造力和注意细节。故填They need t think in different ways, be creative and pay attentin t details.
4．根据“If an engineer cannt manage his r her time well and misses a deadline, the whle team gets delayed (拖延).”可知，如果工程师不能很好地管理自己的时间而错过最后期限，整个队伍都被拖延。故填Because if an engineer misses a deadline, the whle team gets delayed.
5．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：I think students shuld learn t think in different ways, be creative and pay attentin t details. Because they are nt nly helpful in jbs, but als meaningful in ur daily life.
五、1．Ben and his classmate Andersn.
2．Wearing a mask is a necessary way t keep everyne healthy nw.
3．Over 10 thusand masks.
4．Because they dn’t knw where t buy the masks and hw t manage the mney.
5．They are great/helpful. Because they helped pr peple and hmeless peple t have masks.
解析：
本文讲了本和他的同学安德森带领一群学生创建组织，向穷人和无家可归的人分发口罩的善行义举。
1．根据“Ben and his classmate Andersn, led a grup f students and set ut t make a difference.”可知，本和他的同学安德森带领一群学生开始改变世界。故填Ben and his classmate Andersn.
2．根据“Wearing a mask(口罩)is a necessary way t keep everyne healthy nw.”可知，现在戴口罩是保持每个人健康的必要方法。故填Wearing a mask is a necessary way t keep everyne healthy nw.
3．根据“The rganizatin helped peple in need by cllecting ver 10 thusand masks.”可知，该组织收集了1万多个口罩帮助有需要的人。故填Over 10 thusand masks.
4．根据“The mney frm the dnatin was a great challenge fr the kids,…We dn’t knw where t buy masks and hw t manage the mney”可知，捐款的钱对孩子们来说是一个巨大的挑战，他们不知道去哪里买口罩，也不知道如何管理资金。故填Because they dn’t knw where t buy the masks and hw t manage the mney.
5．本题答案不唯一。根据全文内容可知，本和他的同学安德森带领一群学生创建组织，向穷人和无家可归的人分发口罩。故填They are great/helpful. Because they helped pr peple and hmeless peple t have masks.