高考英语一轮总复习课时练31 living well含答案

  课时作业31

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．The young man ________ (管理)his business carefully.

2．The research can not be completed without ________ (充分的)funding.

3．We had to ________ (辞职)ourselves to making a loss on the sale.

4．As we know, the Internet helps people have easy ________ (通路)to all kinds of information.

5．Tom is a terrible dancer; he's too ________ (笨拙的) and keeps stepping on his partner's feet.

答案

1．conducted　2.adequate　3.resign　4.access

5．clumsy

Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空

1．Cycling is highly ________ (benefit) to our health and the environment.

2．He has never been ________ (absence) from school this term.

3．Please accept my sincere ________ (congratulate) on your marriage.

4．The library in the city is ________ (access) to people at weekends.

5．People are ________ (annoy) by what the driver did to the little girl.

6．He is so ________ (ambition) that he wants to play at the highest level.

7．The young ________ (assist) often assists us in preparing tools for experiments.

8．Without his ________ (encourage) to me, I would have been defeated in the game.

9．The wine is ________  (suit) for drinking.

10．On the long journey, Peter proved to be a most interesting ________ (company)．

答案

1．beneficial　2.absent　3.congratulations

4．accessible　5.annoyed　6.ambitious　7.assistant

8．encouragement　9.suitable　10.companion

Ⅲ.阅读理解

A

(2019年河南省信阳高级中学高三第一次大考)

In my very first job with some archaeologists, I wasn't digging objects out of the ground, instead I was employed as an artist, drawing what they found. However, I was soon more interested in the stories behind the objects than in drawing them and that's how my career in archaeology started. I still draw what I find in my work as a specialist on the Silk Road, the old trade route running from Egypt to Mongolia, and I also work on some underwater projects too.

In archaeology, my all­time hero is an American called Raphael Pumpelly. I first heard about him when I was a student on a trip to Turkmenistan, a country right in the heart of Asia. To get around the country, I had to learn Russian so that I could speak to the local people. When I got there I thought, “Wow! I'm one of the first Americans here！” Then an old man told me about an American archaeologist, Raphael Pumpelly, who was there doing the same thing over 100 years ago.

Archaeology's in my family. My wife's in the same profession, and, although our two boys aren't interested in the future in archaeology themselves, we've been on some great digs together and they love what we do because they get to travel with us. Last summer, we took them to Lake Titicaca in South America, in the high areas of the Andes mountain range. My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast. There's very little rain and it's so dry that everything is kept as it was. In an old house, where the owner used to store goods from the ships that came in, I picked up a 700­year­old mat in front of the house and there, under it, after all that time, was the house key with the owner's name carved on it. It felt like he could be on his way home any minute! And I thought, “Hey, I do just that. This man's not much different to me！”

1．While working in Egypt, what did the writer find so interesting?

A．That people from different centuries can be so similar.

B．The fact that the doormat was in such good condition.

C．The way the people managed to live in such a dry place.

D．That there had been so much trade in that area.

2．Which entry will the writer probably make in his diary?

A．Turkmenistan is interesting. I'm the first American to come here but I'm glad this is my last trip away.

B．I have been diving today and found some objects for an exhibition. I've just finished drawing them for my records.

C．I wish my children weren't more interested in archaeology and would not work hard in the open like their parents.

D．It's nearly dark but Raphael's still busy digging in that old house. He can be very annoying. He thinks he's the most important person here.

3．What is the writer's main purpose in writing the text?

A．To describe the life of an archaeologist he admires.

B．To persuade people to take up archaeology as a career.

C．To explain what he enjoys about being an archaeologist.

D．To show how archaeologists work.

答案与解析

作者讲述了自己在各地考古的经历和感受，介绍了作为考古学家喜欢做的事。

1．A　推理判断题。根据第三段My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast和It felt like he could be on his way home any minute! And I thought, “Hey, I do just that. This man's not much different to me！”可知作者看见地垫下的钥匙，感觉700年前的那个人就在回家的路上，感觉彼此没有什么不同。故选A。

2．B　推理判断题。根据第一段I still draw what I find in my work as a specialist on the Silk Road, the old trade route running from Egypt to Mongolia, and I also work on some underwater projects too.可知作者从事丝绸之路路线的画图，还从事水下工作。B项I have been diving today and found some objects for an exhibition. I've just finished drawing them for my records.与画展品和水下工作有关，故选B。

3．C　推理判断题。根据第一段I was soon more interested in the stories behind the objects than in drawing them.和第三段My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast.可知作者在文中介绍了自己作为考古学家喜欢做什么，故选C。

B

People typically wash their hands seven times a day in the United States, but they do it at a far higher temperature than is necessary to kill germs,  a new study says. The energy waste is equivalent to the fuel use of a small country.

Amanda R. Carrico, a research assistant professor at the Vanderbilt Institute for Energy and Environment in Tennessee, told National Geographic that hand washing is often “a case where people act in ways that they think are in their best interest, but they in fact have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions.”

Carrico said, “It's certainly true that heat kills bacteria, but if you were going to use hot water to kill them it would have to be a way too hot for you to tolerate.”

Carrico said that after a review of the scientific literature, her team found “no evidence that using hot water that a person could stand would have any benefit in killing bacteria.” Even water as cold as 40°F (4.4°C) appeared to reduce bacteria as well as hotter water, if hands were scrubbed, rinsed(冲洗)and dried properly.

Using hot water to wash hands is therefore unnecessary, as well as wasteful, Carrico said, particularly when it comes to the environment. According to her research, people use warm or hot water 64 percent of the time when they wash their hands. Using that number, Carrico's team calculated a significant impact on the planet.

“Although the choice of water temperature during a single hand wash may appear unimportant, when multiplied by the nearly 800 billion hand washes performed by Americans each year, this practice results in more than 6 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions annually，” she said.

The researchers published their results in the July 2013 issue of International Journal of Consumer Studies. They recommended washing with water that is at a “comfortable” temperature, which they noted may be warmer in cold months and cooler in hot ones.

4．What's the meaning of what Carrico told National Geographic in the second paragraph?

A．People are more concerned about their health and begin to wash their  hands.

B．It's important for people to wash their hands to keep healthy.

C．Generally, people's hand washing behaviors and perceptions are not correct.

D．People like washing their hands very much.

5．The figures in the sixth paragraph are used to show that ________.

A．using hot water to wash hands has a bad influence on our planet

B．air pollution has become more and more serious

C．using hot water to wash hands is a waste of energy

D．people should pay more attention to the environment around us

6．This passage is organized in the pattern of ________．

A．fact and opinion

B．cause and effect

C．definition and classification

D．time and events

7．What can we learn from the passage?

A．It's necessary and useful for people to wash their hands frequently every day.

B．We can wash our hands with water that is at a “comfortable” temperature.

C．Using cold water to wash hands is necessary and much healthier.

D．Hot water can't kill germs.

答案与解析

 本文是一篇研究报告。热水洗手是不是能杀死更多的细菌？研究证明并非如此，而且还浪费了资源。

4．C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 “but they in fact have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions”的转折可知，一般来讲，人们洗手的观念和行为都是不太正确的，故选C。

5．A　推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句 “Using that number, Carrico's team calculated a significant impact on the planet”的过渡可知，本句承上启下，第六段引用的那些数字就是为了证明用热水洗手对地球带来的消极影响，故选A。

6．A　写作意图题。通过对文章的整体理解，尤其是第六段可知，本文主要是通过列举事实，同时表达作者自己的观点的方式进行行文的，故选A。

7．B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句 “They recommended washing with water that is at a ‘comfortable' temperature, which they noted may be warmer in cold months and cooler in hot ones.”可知，我们洗手用舒适温度的水即可，不必太热，也不必太凉，故选B。

Ⅳ.语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Last year's springtime __1__ (be) the perfect moment to visit Huangshan in Anhui Province to go for a hike and see the beautiful scenery that attracts so many __2__ (visitor) every year. My boyfriend and I prepared the back pack, __3__ turned out to be too heavy for the hike. I am an inexperienced hiker and those endless steps made me want to return to safe places. But with the help of my boyfriend's motivation：“Look, the top is coming closer and closer. We are almost there.” I controlled __4__ (I)and kept going. After a three hour exhausting hike to the top, but with spectacular views on the way, we finally arrived on the top and also found a hotel. But all the rooms were too __5__ (expense) for us. So I asked the possibility of a tent. The hotel owner sold a tent __6__ 80 RMB.He was such a friendly person that he even offered to put up the tent for us. So the only foreign guests that night ended up __7__ (sleep) in a tent. We spent the night __8__ (comfortable) in the tent and at 5 am woke up to see the unbelievable sunrise. Afterwards, we __9__ (continue) to explore the beautiful area around Huangshan and walked all the steps back down to safe grounds, which made my muscles ache even more than the climb up. This is __10__ unforgettable adventure during my three years in China.

答案与解析

本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在中国期间一次去黄山旅游的经历，这给作者留下了难忘的印象。

1．was　考查动词时态。讲述作者去年春天去安徽黄山旅游的经历，用一般过去时。

2．visitors　考查可数名词的数。visitor是可数名词，由many修饰，用复数。

3．which　考查非限制性定语从句。which代指先行词the back pack，在定语从句中作主语。

4．myself　考查物主代词。myself指“我自己”。

5．expensive　考查形容词作表语。所有的房间对我们来说太贵了。

6．for　考查介词用法。for后跟表示价钱的词意为“以……的价格”。店主卖一顶帐篷要价80元人民币。

7．sleeping　考查动名词作介词宾语。end up doing sth. 最终……。

8．comfortably　考查副词作状语。我们舒服地在帐篷里住了一晚。

9．continued　考查一般过去时态。作者讲述发生过的经历，这里用一般过去时。

10．an　考查冠词。这是一次难忘的经历。表示泛指，用不定冠词；unforgettable元音音素前应用不定冠词an。