高三一轮复习课时提能练40 8 Unit 5 meeting your ancestors含答案

  课时提能练(四十)  Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors

课时作业A：基础层面

Ⅰ.语境语法填空

A

Qian Xuesen is the founder of China's space science. China's first missile was designed in his 1.messy (mess) and shabby workroom in the Gobi desert. To obtain correct 2.analysis (analyze) results, he and his partners spent many sleepless nights. When the 3.accuracy (accurate) of the instruments could not be guaranteed, he himself invented new ones. Sometimes, he put forward bold 4.assumptions (assume) to help overcome tough problems. The missile was produced after they handled various problems 5.skillfully (skill). People celebrated the successful launch of the first missile with a storm of 6.applause (applaud). The “two bombs and one satellite” are of historical 7.significance (significant) to China, marking a 8.division (divide) of a new era.

B

There is a story dating 9.back to the 11th century. A group of poor people got fed up 10.with the cruel governing. They couldn't expect a promising future when they looked 11.ahead. They had no alternative 12.but to rise up against the government. They killed bad officials and took away their properties regardless 13.of the consequences. They gathered in mountains with armed men guarding the mountain passes to keep 14.out the government troops. Though the story has a sad ending, the heroic deeds have encouraged generation after generation.

C

China, 15.as is shown by statistics, is making rapid progress in terms of economic growth. 16.Having opened (open) its door to the outside world, it has quickly accumulated a great deal of wealth. The daily living necessities are becoming abundant. Gone are the days when a customer waited in line for hours only 17.to be told (tell) by the shop assistant that what she wanted to buy was sold out or not in stock. Of course in came some negative things following the open­up. I remember my fellow guys 18.swimming (swim) happily in the river near our school, but it is now badly polluted. If only we 19.had made(make) more strict rules and regulations at the start of the open­up.

Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子

1．像我们所期望的那样，迈克参加了会议。 (as引导的非限制性定语从句)

Mike, as we expected, attended the meeting.

2．要是我住在中国就好了，我肯定去过许多旅游胜地了。(if only)

If only I had lived in China, I would have been to many tourist attractions.

3．这位新闻记者匆忙赶到机场，却被告知那位电影明星已经走了。(only to do)

The news reporter hurried to the airport, only to be told the film star had left.

4．就我个人而言，我已厌烦了你无止境的抱怨。(be fed up with)

As far as I'm concerned, I am fed up with your endless complaints．

5．凯西在她儿子出生时辞了职，以便能够待在家里照顾家人。(so that ...)

Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so that she could stay home and raise her family．

课时作业B：能力层面

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2019·福建三校第一学期联考)I arrived at this beautiful Spanish island at the start of September, full of enthusiasm and eager to start working as an English teacher. I sorted all the necessary paperwork out and moved into a flat of my own within the first couple of days. Great, or so I thought. At 4 am and at several intervals after that, I was rudely awoken by the cock that lives opposite me. Fantastic! I now have 5 extra alarms every morning.

In the following weeks, I also started to notice a trend. Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one object per day, like the hot water line, bowls, cups, the shower, doors or glass shelves. Yes, I am clumsy but things just fell apart. If it wasn't broken, it would either be dirty or missing. Using my washing basket for the first time was pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were swiftly followed by a hundred or so bugs that were living in the bottom.

As for the general lack of equipment in the house, there was no oven, tin opener, sharp knives or potato peeler. It turned out making a burger from scratch wasn't the best idea. I had a small microwave and a grill. I thought the general understanding was never to put metal in a microwave but I went on. Smoke soon started to appear. I was not quite sure if it was the burger or the grill but as soon as I opened the door, the electricity cut out. I spent the following 10 minutes in a dark, smoky room hunting for the power switch using the light from my mobile phone, which broke the week after and left me without a connection to the outer world.

Luckily, I'm now borrowing a phone and my luck has returned. No more things have broken (probably because there is nothing left to break). I've also realized that even if a flat looks pretty, it doesn't mean its contents work. I am also learning how to adapt to life with limited, broken utensils(用具)．

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”去西班牙的一个漂亮的小岛上做英语老师，虽然拥有自己的公寓，可里面的生活用具很老旧，给“我”的生活带来了诸多不便。这让“我”知道了漂亮但并不实用的道理，也学会了如何利用有限的生活用品生活。

1．What problem did the author have in the morning?

A．She often slept late.

B．Her alarm failed to work.

C．She got some noisy neighbors.

D．Her sleep was disturbed by a rooster.

D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At 4 am and at several intervals after that, I was rudely awoken by the cock that lives opposite me”可知，凌晨四点开始，每隔一会儿，作者就被对面公鸡的打鸣声吵醒；据此可知，作者的睡眠被公鸡打鸣声打扰了，故D项正确。]

2．What can we know about the author from Paragraph 2?

A．She was a very careful woman.

B．She was quite satisfied with her flat.

C．Her flat was pretty old but comfortable.

D．Her household articles were in poor condition.

D　[推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one object per day, like the hot water line, bowls, cups, the shower, doors or glass shelves”可知，作者所住的房子的东西每天损坏一件；据此可推知，作者所使用的日常用品很破旧，故D项正确。]

3．What happened when the author was making a burger?

A．She was seriously injured.

B．She made a terrible mistake.

C．She broke her phone accidentally.

D．She suffered a sudden power failure.

B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I had a small microwave and a grill. I thought the general understanding was never to put metal in a microwave but I went on. Smoke soon started to appear”，并结合该段其他内容可知，作者将金属烤架放进微波炉里，启动后发生了故障，电源被切断；据此可推知，作者在制作汉堡时犯了个错误，故B项正确。]

4．What is the text mainly about?

A．Remaining optimistic.

B．How to choose a nice flat.

C．Learning to live in a new flat.

D．Why living abroad is not easy.

C　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章尾段尾句“I am also learning how to adapt to life with limited, broken utensils(用具)”是全文的主题句；结合全文内容可知，文章通过讲述作者在西班牙的一个小岛上做英语老师时如何使用住房内的破旧日常用品生活的故事，说明了应当学会适应生活的道理，故C项正确。]

B

(2019·长沙市统一模拟)Two deer jumped out in front of 16­year­old Amanda Floyd's car. She put on the brake, stopping the car just in time. But later, she started texting. Distracted, Amanda turned left and right, then crashed into another car. Luckily, she wasn't in a real car—she was in a driving simulator(模拟器) at Roosevelt High School, Ohio, US.“I never really realized that cars make a turn that much，” Amanda, a junior, said. She added that she wouldn't text while driving anymore.

The Ohio Department of Transportation(ODOT) and Ohio State Highway Patrol brought the simulator to the school. They said they wanted to help students learn about the danger of driving while drunk, texting, or talking on the phone.

According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, distracted driving claimed 3，450 lives in 2016 alone. Experts believe the actual figure is probably higher.

The simulator is basically a computer program. Like many computer games, it was a hit with the students. They lined up and crowded around to watch each other take turns. The simulator has a steering wheel(方向盘), brake and gas pedal(油门). It is made up of three large computer screens on a table.

Students choose a distraction, such as driving while drunk or texting. They always crash, of course. Then, they are pulled over by the police to be taught the bad results of their driving：how much damage they've caused, what their fine is, if anyone died in the accident, and if they're going to go to prison.

“It teaches how to drive without being on the road，” said Shante Thompson, 16. She had just crashed into a deer.

ODOT spokesman Justin Chesnic said hundreds of kids have gone behind the wheel so far. He said even more have benefited from watching their classmates.

“Driving is such a major responsibility, so take it seriously，” he said.“Put away your cellphone. A lot of the accidents out there are because of distracted driving. It can not only change your life, but change someone else's life forever. The results are serious.”

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个驾驶模拟器，学生通过操作这个驾驶模拟器可以增强交通安全意识。

5．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 1?

A．Introduce the topic of the text.

B．Illustrate the author's point of view.

C．Provide some advice for the readers.

D．Offer some background information.

A　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段讲述了一个事例，然后通过这个事例引出了本文的话题，即driving simulator。由此可推知，作者写第一段的目的是引出文章的主题。]

6．Why is the driving simulator project introduced to Roosevelt High School?

A．It tests the students' ability to stay focused.

B．It gets students to have fun between classes.

C．It teaches students how to deal with traffic accidents.

D．It makes students aware of the dangers of distracted driving.

D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They said they wanted to help students learn about the danger of driving while drunk, texting, or talking on the phone”可知，他们想要帮助学生了解驾车时醉酒、发短信或者打电话的危害，故选D。]

7．What can we know about the driving simulator?

A．It is connected to the local police station.

B．It is a real car but has large computer screens.

C．It attracts the students' interest as a computer program.

D．It benefits the students who use it more than those who only watch.

C　[细节理解题。根据第四段的描述，尤其是“The simulator is basically a computer program. Like many computer games, it was a hit with the students”可知，这个驾驶模拟器实质上是一个电脑程序，和许多电脑游戏一样，它很受学生们的欢迎，引起了学生们的兴趣，故选C。]

8．What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Traffic rules in Ohio, US.

B．Dangers of distracted driving.

C．Simulated driving for students.

D．Advantages of computer games.

C　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个驾驶模拟器，学生通过操作它可以增强交通安全意识，故选C。]

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

(2019·广东省七校联合体联考)We all have to make decisions all the time, and we have an abundance of choices, ranging from tiny issues to vital ones. Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions.   1  If you would like to improve your skill of decision making, here are four suggestions for you.

Don't expect to have it all.

  2   You can't order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name but a few. You can imagine some “what if” situations if you must, but do not let them take up too much space in your brain.

  3 

It's often good to think through your decisions. But don't overdo it. Research can reach a point where returns begin to reduce, which makes it confusing more than clarifying. Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition(直觉) as on careful assessment of endless data.

Don't delay making decisions.

Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more information.   4   Or it's likely that you wait for a less stressful time. Just don't wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness.

Don't be hard on yourself.

You decide to go on a voyage. You choose an expensive liner. Everything should work out just right. Only you didn't expect a bug that ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days.   5   But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes.

A．Don't spend too much time thinking.

B．It is an important source of information.

C．You may regret making such a stupid decision.

D．Don't count on emotion to make decisions.

E．Maybe you wish to consult with your adviser.

F．Decisions force us to close the door on other possibilities.

G．That means the skill of good decision making counts a lot.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了提高决策技能的四条建议，包括不求全责备，不要费时思虑太多，不要延误做决定和不要苛求自己。

1．G　[根据空处所在位置可知，该句承上启下；根据空前一句“Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions”可知，不幸的是，人们经常发现很难做决定；据此可以推断，做决定的技能很重要，故G项正确。空处下文中的“your skill of decision making”也是提示。]

2．F　[根据该段小标题“Don't expect to have it all”可知，该段主要论述“不要求全责备”；结合空后的“You can't order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name but a few”可知，做决定迫使我们关上了一扇其他可能的大门，故F项正确。]

3．A　[根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的小标题；结合本段第一、二句“It's often good to think through your decisions. But don't overdo it”可知，该段主要论述“不要费时思虑太多”这一观点，故A项正确。]

4．E　[根据空前的“there is a time to put off making a decision”可知，空处与空前一句和空后一句都为延迟做决定的可能原因，故E项“你可能希望咨询你的顾问”符合语境。]

5．C　[根据该段小标题“Don't be hard on yourself”可知，不要太苛求自己；结合空后一句“But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes”可知，你要记住这是不可避免的事情；据此可以推断，空处表示“你可能会对你愚蠢的决定后悔”，故C项正确。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2019·武汉市调研测试)January 25，2020, over a billion people in China and millions around the world will celebrate the Chinese New Year, or the Spring Festival. The ancient tradition, 1.________ date is determined by the lunar calendar and falls somewhere between January 21 and February 20 each year, is the 2.________(long) and most important of all Chinese festivals.

The preparations will 3.________(official) begin with Little New Year on January 17，2020. It is observed with a day of memorial ceremonies. Other Little New Year activities include cleaning the house 4.________(sweep) away bad luck and hanging spring couplets—red decorations hung in pairs—for wealth. Since red 5.________(believe) to keep misfortune and evil spirits away, it can be noticed in everything from clothing to 6.________(lantern) used to decorate houses.

Often 7.________(consider) the most important meal of the year, the reunion dinner is both delicious and rooted in Chinese tradition. 8.________ whole chicken symbolizes family togetherness, while long uncut noodles show longevity (长寿). Wealth is represented by dumplings and spring rolls. Children receive red envelopes filled 9.________ money and inspiring messages from elders and are often allowed to stay up late to watch the 10.________(amaze) fireworks shows.

The two­week long celebrations will end on February 8—the day of the full moon—with the Lantern Festival.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了中国的传统节日春节的相关内容。

1．whose　[考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知，本句是一个非限制性定语从句，空处在从句中作定语，先行词为“The ancient tradition”，空处与“date”为所属关系，故用whose引导该从句。]

2．longest　[考查形容词的最高级。根据语境和空前的“the”及后空的“most important”可知，此处表示最高级的含义，故用形容词的最高级。]

3．officially　[考查副词。分析句子成分可知，此处应用副词officially修饰动词begin，在句子中作状语。]

4．to sweep　[考查非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处是不定式作目的状语，故填to sweep。]

5．is believed　[考查动词的语态、时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处是“sth. be believed to do sth.”句型，应用被动形式；此处为一般性描述，故应用一般现在时；且主语red为第三人称单数，故填is believed。]

6．lanterns　[考查名词的单复数。lantern是可数名词，且其前无限定词，故用其复数形式。]

7．considered　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，consider和其逻辑主语“the reunion dinner”构成动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。]

8．A　[考查冠词。chicken“鸡”是可数名词，第一次在文中出现，句子的谓语动词为单数形式，且whole的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词A。]

9．with　[考查介词。固定词组搭配be filled with...意为“充满……”，符合语境，故填介词with。]

10．amazing　[考查词形转换。根据空前的“the”和空后的名词词组“fireworks shows”可知，此处应用形容词修饰其后的名词词组“fireworks shows”。故填amazing“令人惊叹的”。]

Ⅳ.概要写作

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

(2019·浙江新高考研究卷二)It's no secret that kids love dinosaurs.Many of them have even gone through what's called a “dinosaur phase”—a period of time when they can't stop talking about dinosaurs，can't sleep without hearing a dinosaur bedtime story，and use a backpack with a dinosaur pattern on it.Adults may have long grown out of their dinosaur phase，but somehow the appeal is still there.The proof is in the success of Steven Spielberg's 1993 film Jurassic Park(《侏罗纪公园》)，and every following installment(续集) of the series.

National Geographic(《国家地理》杂志) has an explanation behind the animals' popularity：Dinosaurs are “where science and imagination meet”，which is probably what makes them so appealing，to kids and adults alike.

Dinosaurs are often compared to dragons，but are seen as cooler because they're real.The huge skeletons in museums prove their existence millions of years ago on the same Earth that we now live on.Meanwhile，new discoveries have been made in different parts of the world that open up a bigger picture of these ancient species.And how they went extinct is also a popular subject of scientific studies.

However，we still seem to know so little about dinosaurs，and have to rely on our imagination when it comes to questions like“How did they live？”，“What did they sound like？”and “How fast could they run？”It's this sense of mystery that adds to dinosaurs' attraction compared to other fierce animals like lions and tigers—animals that can easily be seen in today's zoos.

But there's more to this dinosaur appeal.According to Guardian reporter Brian Switek，humans are fascinated by dinosaurs not just because we're interested in their history，but also because we're trying to have a better understanding of human history.“Dinosaurs can be Hollywood monsters，objects of scientific fascination and everything in between，but at the root of it，our fascination with them originates from wanting to know more about the prehistory we share，”he wrote.“The dinosaur story is part of our own.”

【参考范文】　

Dinosaurs are fascinating to both kids and adults.That's why dinosaur­themed films have achieved great success.(要点1)According to National Geographic，the attraction of dinosaurs partly lies in the fact that they really existed on the earth before and that their extinction has interested scientists.(要点2)Another reason is that the mystery of dinosaurs stimulates people's imagination.(要点3)But Brian Switek thinks apart from these，hoping to better understand human history also contributes to people's obsession with dinosaurs.(要点4)