高三英语大一轮复习8-2 Unit 3 computers核心素养测评含解析

核心素养测评   八　必修2　 Unit 3　Computers

(限时35分钟)

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

　　　　　　　　　　　A世纪金榜导学号

Hospitals in Southwest China’s Sichuan province for the first time used 5G technology for disaster medical rescue, after a magnitude 6. 0 earthquake hit Changning county on 17 June, 2019. This is the world’s first case of applying 5G technology to disaster medical rescue.

　　According to the official Weibo account of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, at 1:25 pm on 18 June, an ambulance equipped with a 5G emergency rescue system — the first of its kind in the country — carrying a medical team from Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital and engineers from China Mobile Sichuan Company and China Mobile (Chengdu) Industrial Research Institute assisting in the joint rescue efforts at Changning County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). At around 9:30 pm, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital launched a 5G real-time remote video consultation with its medical team on a patient admitted to Changning County Hospital of TCM for a suspected spleen rupture (脾脏破裂).

　　According to Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, the 5G emergency rescue system, which puts artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (增强现实), virtual reality and drone (无人机) applications together, allows a series of medical checks including blood tests, electrocardiograms and ultrasounds (心电图和超声波) to be given to patients right away. The information can then be transferred back to the hospital in real time, which greatly saves time in rescuing patients.

　　The rescue system also helped a 72-year-old patient who had his bone broken in the earthquake. According to a report from Chinanews. com, a temporary ward supported by 5G technology was established at the epicenter of the disaster zone for consultation with doctors from Chengdu, as the aged patient had a previous history of high blood pressure and cerebral infarction (脑梗塞), which made him need more careful treatment.

　　“The 5G-based network thoroughly solved the problems of poor definition and distortion (失真) of images, as well as interrupted signal transmission, ” said Li Wei, director of the emergency center of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。2019年6月17日, 四川长宁县发生地震, 四川省人民医院在全球范围内首次将5G技术用于灾难医学救援。

1. Who did the disaster medical rescue with 5G technology?

A. Doctors and engineers.

B. Firefighters and soldiers.

C. Earthquake professionals.

D. 5G rescue system’s inventors.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“an ambulance equipped with a 5G. . .  carrying a medical team from Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital and engineers from China Mobile Sichuan Company and China Mobile (Chengdu) Industrial Research Institute”可知, 使用5G技术参加灾难救援的有四川省人民医院的医疗队以及中国移动四川公司和中国移动(成都)产业研究院的工程师们。

2. How was the rescue carried out?

A. By consulting online in real time.

B. By performing an operation on the patient’s spleen.

C. By sending patients to Chengdu.

D. By giving patients remote medical checks.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital launched a 5G real-time remote video consultation with its medical team on a patient admitted to Changning County Hospital of TCM for a suspected spleen rupture”可知, 本次救援是通过利用5G技术对病人进行实时远程会诊。

3. What is the advantage of the 5G emergency rescue system?

A. Spending less time in rescuing patients.

B. Treating all patients without any doctors.

C. Using an advanced technology.

D. Promoting the accuracy of medical diagnosis.

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The information can then be transferred back to the hospital in real time, which greatly saves time in rescuing patients. ”可知, 5G应急救援系统能够大大节省抢救病人的时间。

4. Why did the aged patient need more careful treatment?

A. He was too old to be cured.

B. He had diseases of old age.

C. He had the worst injury to his legs.

D. He didn’t follow doctors’ advice.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“as the aged patient had a previous history of high blood pressure and cerebral infarction, which made him need more careful treatment”可知, 这位老年病人有高血压和脑梗塞病史, 需要更仔细的治疗。

5. What is the text talking about?

A. A deadly earthquake in China.

B. 5G technology first used in disaster medical rescue.

C. Ways of applying 5G technology to medicine.

D. The first 5G emergency rescue system.

【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段, 再结合后文内容可知, 2019年6月17日, 四川长宁县发生地震, 5G技术在全球范围内被首次用于灾难医学救援。

B

　　In recent years, we have seen a growing tendency for people to study online. Although I accept that e-learning has a few disadvantages, I hold to the view that it is an excellent way of studying.

　　On the one hand, learning online seems to be less effective than traditional classroom. First, it is an evident fact that students may find it difficult to concentrate on the lessons without teacher’s presence, because there is a wide range of disturbing factors from the surrounding environment to the computer itself. Second, it is generally agreed that it is much more difficult for learners to absorb knowledge sometimes, due to the lack of direct instructions from teachers. This drawback gets blamed for contributing to the high dropout rate of e-learning.

　　On the other hand, I would strongly argue that online studying is the most flexible and interesting way to gain knowledge. To begin with, learners are only required to spend 2 or 3 hours per day working on their online courses, so they can study whenever they are available, as long as they are capable of completing their assignments on time. Another benefit is that e-learning creates a lot of interaction between students and their instructors or their peers. On an online course I have attended recently, for example, I have a weekly online meeting with my lecturers and classmates that allows me to discuss homework projects and have my questions answered clearly. This example illustrates how online learning can help students to learn better, as well as, provide teachers with effective tools to keep track of their students.

　　In conclusion, there are convincing arguments both for and against studying online, but I believe that we should take its advantages into consideration to give it a try especially in this digital era.

【文章大意】本文是议论文, 作者就网络学习的优点和缺点进行了两方面的论述, 认为在数字时代, 利用网络的优势进行网上学习还是值得一试。

6. What is the author’s attitude towards e-learning?

A. Supportive. 　　　　  B. Doubtful.

C. Critical.      D. Optimistic.

【解析】选A。 观点态度题。从第一段, 最后一段以及第三段中“I would strongly argue that. . . ”等内容可知, 作者认为虽然网络学习模式存在诸多弊端, 但我们应该充分利用其优点, 进行网上学习。故选A。

7. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2?

A. The efficiency of learning on line.

B. The convenience of online study.

C. The disadvantages of e-learning.

D. The dropout rate of e-learning.

【解析】选C。段落大意题。本段主要讲述网上学习的弊端。故选C。

8. Which of the following people is suitable to study on line?

A. One who is addicted to computer games.

B. One relying on direct instruction from teachers.

C. One who doesn’t like to do homework.

D. One who can spare 2 or 3 hour a day.

【解析】选D。 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知, 网上学习时间比较自由, 只要每天能抽2到3个小时在网上学习就行, 故选D。沉溺于电脑游戏者, 依赖老师的直接辅导者以及不愿意做作业的学生都不适合网络学习。

9. How does the author clarify his argument?

A. By providing theories.

B. By making comparison.

C. By analyzing data.

D. By listing facts.

【解析】选B。 写作方法题。本文主要通过对比网上学习的优点和缺点来阐明自己的观点, 即尽管网上学习有不足之处, 但作者还是持支持态度的。故选B。

　【知识拓展】佳词积累

1. tendency　　　　n. 倾向;趋势

2. traditional adj. 传统的

3. concentrate on 集中精力于……

4. available adj. 可获得的

5. assignment n. 分配;任务

6. convincing adj. 有说服力的

7. consideration n. 考虑

Ⅱ. 阅读填句

　　Last summer over 12, 000 fans were at Wembley Arena in London, shouting and cheering. Thousands more were watching online. 　1　 It was esports, or competitive computer gaming.  

　　Millions of people in the UK play computer games for fun. Some of them have become professional gamers, playing games as their full-time job. 　2　 They practice for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week. They do exercises like typing something and trying to type it faster and faster. They also study videos of other players and plan ways to beat them.  

　　　3　 Are players athletes? Some say no. Esports players don’t need to run, jump, throw or do big physical actions. At the moment, the UK government classifies esports as kinds of games, not as sports.  

　　But others say yes: esports are sports. Players do need some physical skills, especially hand-eye coordination, reflexes, accuracy and timing. If darts, snooker and shooting are classified as sports, then perhaps esports should be too.

　　　4　And they will be an official medal sport in the Asian Games starting from 2022. Next step: the Olympics? 

　　For many esports fans and players, though, the most important thing is that esports are growing in popularity and importance. 　5　 

A. But are esports really sports?

B. All like playing computer games.

C. It’s not easy being a professional gamer, though.

D. But this wasn’t a football, basketball or tennis match.

E. It is certain that esports will come into the 2024 Olympics.

F. In fact, China and Republic of Korea do classify esports as sports.

G. If esports are not as important as sports now, they definitely will be in the near future.

【文章大意】电子竞技的火爆已成为现实, 但溯本清源, 关于电子竞技究竟应该怎么定位和归类的问题, 各方依然秉持不同的观点。

1. 【解析】选D。根据空格后的It was esports, or competitive computer gaming. 这是一场电脑游戏竞技比赛。得知前面是人们欢呼观看的不是球赛。故选D。

2. 【解析】选C。根据空格后的They practice for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week. 他们每天练习比赛长达10小时之上, 每周5到6天。得知这些专业游戏玩家们很辛苦, 不容易。故选C。

3. 【解析】选A。根据空格后的提问与回答Are players athletes? Some say no. 及At the moment, the UK government classifies esports as kinds of games, not as sports. (电竞比赛)选手是运动员吗?英国政府把这种电竞分类为游戏比赛而不是体育。得知句首提问电竞是不是运动。故选A。

4. 【解析】选F。根据空格后的And they will be an official medal sport in the Asian Games starting from 2022. 得知(电子竞技)它们将在 2022年亚运会上成为正式比赛项目。可以推断出前面是说中国、韩国把电竞看成一项运动。故选F。

5. 【解析】选G。根据空格前的the most important thing is that esports are growing in popularity and importance电竞比赛越来越流行、越来越受重视。得知后面如果电竞不像运动那么重要, 在不久的将来也会实现。故选G。

【知识拓展】 背景链接

　　Generally, esports can be applied to any type of digital game that is competitive, regardless of specific format and theme. The industry of esports is getting a lot of attention as a growth industry, with many of the key innovations of the last ten years being applied to gaming in general and esports in particular.

Ⅲ. 应用文写作

(2020·绍兴模拟)

假如你是李华, 你最近在某网站购得一部电子书阅读器(Kindle), 却发现商品存在一些质量问题。请你给商品负责人写一封电子邮件进行投诉, 要点如下:

1. 购买时间;

2. 质量问题;

3. 你的要求。

注意:

1. 词数80左右;

2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Dear Sir / Madam,

I’m writing to complain about a Kindle that I purchased from your website on May 1st.

After one week of its purchase,  I find it doesn’t work as expected. The battery doesn’t last long after being recharged,  perhaps merely half a day. Worse than that,  the words on the screen are not distinct enough,  which I think is damaging to my eyesight.

I have been a devoted customer of your company and I hope you will look into the matter seriously and replace the faulty Kindle with a new one as guaranteed. Thank you!

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【备选要点】

　　We humans love to stare into our smart devices. We gaze for hours—about 10 hours and 39 minutes a day—at our computers, smartphones, tablets and televisions. Is all this staring bad for us? It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.

　　Blue light is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy. While it’s true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances, there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why blue light-blocking glasses are so popular. So do the glasses work?

　　“Everyone is very concerned that blue light may be causing damage to the eye, but there’s no evidence that it may be causing serious damage, ”Dr. Rahul Khurana, clinical spokesman for the American Academy of Ophthalmologists, told Business Insider.

　　Blue light exposure is nothing new. In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light. But if blue light isn’t harmful, then why are we constantly rubbing our eyes when we’re looking at our screens? The answer is eyestrain(眼疲劳):More than 60 percent of people experience eye problems associated with digital eyestrain. And blue light, it seems, isn’t the cause. Instead, our eyes are so strained because most of us blink less when we stare at our digital devices. So if eyestrain is the real issue, blue light-blocking glasses are probably of little use.

【文章大意】本文属于科普文。介绍了蓝光的来源以及蓝光是否会对眼睛造成伤害。

1. What do we know about blue light?

A. It is a kind of nuclear radiation.

B. It has the shortest wavelength.

C. It may come from electronic devices.

D. It consumes a great deal of energy.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段Blue light is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy. 可知蓝光是一种电磁辐射, 波长很短, 产生大量的能量, 由此推出, 蓝光可能出自电子设备, 故选C。

2. What causes the popularity of blue light-blocking glasses?

A. Evidence of their benefits to eyes.

B. Belief in blue light’s harmful effect.

C. Widespread use of smart devices.

D. Scientific understanding of blue light.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段. . . there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why blue light-blocking glasses are so popular. So do the glasses work?可知, 尽管没有科学证据显示蓝光对眼睛有害, 但是人们不这么认为, 这也是防蓝光眼镜大受欢迎的原因, 故可知, 人们相信蓝光对眼睛有害, 因此这种眼镜大受欢迎, 故选B。

3. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?

A. Blue light exposure is hardly avoidable.

B. Eye problems are not easy to deal with.

C. Blue light may connect with tired eyes.

D. Rubbing eyes makes people strained.

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light. 可知, 太阳和LED灯都是蓝光的来源, 这是我们生活中无法避免的, 故选A。

4. According to the text, wearing blue light-blocking glasses may be ______.  

A. Tiring　B. harmful　C. useless　D. beneficial

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段So if eyestrain is the real issue, blue light-blocking glasses are probably of little use. 可知, 眼疲劳是一个真正问题的话, 防蓝光眼镜的作用可能没什么用处, 故选C。

　【知识拓展】长难句分析

　　While it’s true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances, there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes.

分析:while引导状语从句, 意为:尽管, 虽然;主句为there be 结构;suggesting. . . 为现在分词短语作后置定语;suggesting 后面为that 引导的宾语从句。

翻译:虽然在某些情况下光确实会伤害我们的眼睛, 没有科学的证据表明蓝光对我们的眼睛有害。