高三英语大一轮复习12-3 Unit 2 healthy eating核心素养测评含解析

核心素养测评  十二　必修3　Unit 2　Healthy eating

(限时35分钟)

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

At schools across the United States, students often sit down to cafeteria lunches made from processed foods that are high in fat, sodium, and sugar. But kids at Public School (P. S. ) 216 in Brooklyn have a different dining experience. Principal Donna Neglia reports that her students love eating flesh fruits and vegetables.

P. S. 216 participated in the Edible Schoolyard Project, a nonprofit program founded by Chef Alice Waters in 1995. The program that Waters created helps public schools across the country start on-site gardens and weave principles of healthy eating into the curriculum. Students grow and maintain crops, harvesting the fruits and vegetables for cafeteria meals.

Waters expressed her passion for the principles of the farm-to-table movement. She advised schools to connect with the farmers in their area and change their buying practices when planning meals for students.

Waters has long been inspiring people to care about where their food comes from. In 1993, she put forward the idea of a White House vegetable garden. It was not until 2009 that Michelle Obama started the garden in the backyard of the White House. She and members of the kitchen staff spent hours tending to the garden, often with help from local school children.

“That gave people a sense that she cared about children and cared about where our food comes from, ”Waters said, praising the former First Lady’s concern for young people’s health. “We are just building this movement, and it is very exciting. ”

“Through the Edible Schoolyard Project, students also learn about the benefits of healthy eating in the classroom. ”Neglia said. “P. S. 216 is teaching kids about careers in the food industry—such as farming and agriculture, nutrition, food safety, and the restaurant business. ”

Similar classes are taking place around the country. So far, the Edible Schoolyard Project has reached more than 1 million students in more than 367 schools. “I’m thinking about the future of the planet, ”Waters said. “I’m doing this for our generation. ”

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了Edible Schoolyard计划的具体内容, 让学生吃健康的食物, 创建绿色校园。

1. What’s the purpose of the Edible Schoolyard Project?

A. To reduce students’ stress.

B. To let students eat healthy food.

C. To improve schools’ environment.

D. To expect students to experience farming.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第二段The program that Waters created helps public schools across the country start on-site gardens and weave principles of healthy eating into the curriculum. 可知Edible Schoolyard工程的目的是让学生吃健康的食物, 故选B。

2. What can we learn from Paragraph 5?

A. The project made Waters famous.

B. Running a garden was too difficult for students.

C. Waters thought highly of what Michelle Obama did.

D. The former First Lady should care about young people.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第五段Waters said, praising the former First Lady’s concern for young people’s health. 可知Waters对米歇尔·奥巴马所做的事情评价很高, 故选C。

3. From the text we can infer that ______.  

A. P. S. 216 belongs to the pioneers in the Edible Schoolyard Project

B. P. S. 216 mainly teaches kids about careers in food industry

C. Waters’ project is not well received by many schools

D. Waters had no difficulty in starting vegetable garden

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段But kids at Public School(P. S. )216 in Brooklyn have a different dining experience. Principal Donna Neglia reports that her students love eating flesh fruits and vegetables. (但是在布鲁克林公立学校216的孩子们有不同的就餐体验。校长Donna Neglia报告说, 她的学生爱吃新鲜水果和蔬菜。)以及第二段P. S. 216 participated in the Edible Schoolyard Project可知P. S. 216属于Edible Schoolyard计划的开拓者, 故选A。

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A. Students should eat healthily

B. A famous school—P. S. 216

C. Processed foods should be advised

D. A chef helps create green schoolyards

【解析】选D。主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了Edible Schoolyard计划的具体内容, 让学生吃健康的食物, 创建绿色校园, 故选D。

　　　　　　　　　　B世纪金榜导学号

　　WeChat is a social mobile application with voice and text messaging timeline and several social features like ‘Message in a Bottle’. WeChat, a popular instant messaging tool run by Tencent Holdings, aims to help users access mobile services without downloading separate apps, which experts said may challenge the business of smartphone app distributors such as Apple Store.

This new feature, named ‘Mini Programs’, allows WeChat users to find a variety of services such as ticket buying by scanning a QR (quick-response) code, saving them the trouble of installing a number of different apps on smart devices, according to the transcript of a speech by Zhang Xiaolong, Tencent’s senior executive vice president, on Wednesday. The new function is expected to come online on January 9.

Zhang, known as the father of WeChat, emphasized that ‘Min Programs’ is not a mobile app distributing function.

Still, experts and app developers said that the rollout (推出) of ‘Mini Programs’ on WeChat will erode the market share of app distributors like Apple Store in China.

“‘Mini Programs’ will attract lots of start-ups, because a program based on WeChat can help them build up businesses at much lower costs, ” a Shanghai-based app developer, told the Global Times Wednesday.

If a start-up wants to promote its business via a separate application, it has to hire a special team to develop two different apps— one each for iOS and Android.

Launched in 2011, WeChat has evolved to include services such as ‘Order Taxi’, ‘Food Delivery’, e-commerce and payments from just an instant messaging app.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了微信推出的新服务:微信小程序。这种新服务可以挑战Apple Store在应用市场的份额, 在这一领域分得一杯羹。

5. What can we know about ‘Mini Programs’?

A. It’s expensive. 　　　　　 B. It’s complex.

C. It’s convenient.     D. It’s free.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段“WeChat, . . . , aims to help users access mobile services without downloading separate apps, which experts said may challenge the business of smartphone app distributors such as Apple Store. ”可知微信小程序不需要用户下载另外的APP, 直接在微信里使用, 非常方便。故C项正确。

6. Why do lots of start-ups choose the ‘Mini Programs’?

A. It can cut the costs of building business.

B. It can help build up business.

C. It can help them make a big fortune.

D. It can promote their business.

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第五段“‘Mini Programs’ will attract lots of start-ups, because a program based on WeChat can help them build up businesses at much lower costs, ”可知微信小程序是以微信为平台的, 可以帮助创业者节省很多成本。根据第六段可知以前创业者通常要雇佣团队开发苹果和安卓系统的APP, 成本较高, 现在不需要这样做了。可以节省成本, 故A项正确。

7. What does the underlined word “erode” probably mean in Paragraph 4?

A. Reduce.     B. Increase.

C. Improve.     D. Promote.

【解析】选A。猜测词义题。根据第一段“WeChat, . . . , aims to help users access mobile services without downloading separate apps, which experts said may challenge the business of smartphone app distributors such as Apple Store. ”可知微信小程序可能会挑战Apple Store在应用市场的份额, 并在这一领域分一杯羹。也就是说它可以减少Apple Store的市场份额。故该词意为“reduce”, 所以A项正确。

8. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. WeChat will be a perfect app.

B. WeChat will meet a great challenge.

C. WeChat will meet needs of more people.

D. WeChat will replace other apps.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段“Launched in 2011, WeChat has evolved to include services such as ‘Order Taxi’, ‘Food Delivery’, e-commerce and payments from just an instant messaging app. ”可知微信已经涉及了打车、送餐、电子商务和移动支付等领域, 满足了更多人们的需求。故C项正确。

【知识拓展】长难句分析

WeChat, a popular instant messaging tool run by Tencent Holdings, aims to help users access mobile services without downloading separate apps, which experts said may challenge the business of smartphone app distributors such as Apple Store.

分析:a popular instant messaging tool run by Tencent Holdings作WeChat的同位语;run by Tencent Holdings为过去分词作状语修饰tool;非限制性定语从句 which experts said may challenge the business of smartphone app distributors such as Apple Store修饰先行词apps。

翻译:微信, 由腾讯经营的即时聊天工具, 致力于在没有下载单独应用软件的同时获得移动服务, 专家说这将会挑战像苹果商店这样的智能手机运营商。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　Spelling was sort of my superpower. I wasn’t a math or science guy, but I could chew and 　1　 books.  

“Your word is onomatopoeia, ” said the announcer. On the stage of “School Bee, ” my brain 　2　 to the spelling bees ahead: first the county championship, then the state, and finally the national spelling bee. I glanced back at Alexa, who wanted another chance at 　3　.  If I missed this word, she’d be 　4　 in the game. But that wouldn’t happen. Chin up, shoulders back, I 　5　 my throat, “O-n-o-m-a-t-o-p-o-e-i-a. ” I made it.  

The trophy (奖杯) was presented to me. I shouted on stage, “I am the alpha-best”. Surprisingly, my sister, Deandra, rolled her eyes. “You’re a 　6　 winner. ” Deandra made a 　7　 face. “She tried to shake your hand but you 　8　. ” 

I didn’t 　9　 at all. “Anyway, I won the school bee. ” “Don’t be proud. You’ll soon be facing the 　10　 of the best in the county bee. ” 

“Will they 　11　 me? I am the alpha-best with no efforts at all. ” After six rounds, the number of students 　12　 from more than 100 to just seven and I was one out of the seven. If I had been given words like aerospace or conical, I’d make 　13　already.  

Unfortunately, I 　14　 with the word maestro at last. I stood 　15　 for the longest moment.  

The final winner acted the exact 　16　 of mine. He accepted his trophy with a small bow, and then shook hands with the runner-up (亚军). I got to know Deandra’s words 　17　.  

I apologized to Alexa, “I’m sorry I was so 　18　 when I won. ” “How was the county bee?” Alexa asked. “A 　19　. ” If you need a study partner for next time, I’m happy to help. ”“Really? Let’s 　20　 on it, partner. ” “Better late than never. ” Alexa said, shaking my hand.  

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者参加比赛获胜后忘乎所以, 忽略了别人的感受。在后来的比赛中失利, 获胜者的表现让作者学会了礼貌和友谊。

1. A. prefer 　B. acquire 　C. write 　D. digest

【解析】选D。prefer更喜欢; acquire获得, 取得;write写;digest消化。我不擅长数学和科学, 但我能咀嚼和消化书籍。与chew对应。故选D。

2. A. flashed back   B. fast forwarded

C. paid attention   D. got down

【解析】选B。flash back回想, 反射;fast forward快进; pay attention注意, 专心;get down下来。我的脑子迅速转到前面的拼字比赛:先是县比赛, 然后是州比赛, 最后是全国拼字比赛。故选B。

3. A. winning    B. announcing

C. listening   D. missing

【解析】选A。win赢得;announce宣布; listen听;miss错过。我回头看了一眼亚历克莎, 她想再赢一次。故选A。

4. A. back    B. off    C. out    D. away

【解析】选A。如果我错过了这个词, 她就会回到比赛中来。故选A。

5. A. dried    B. cleared   C. closed   D. choked

【解析】选B。dry使变干;clear清除;close关闭;choke使窒息。抬起下巴, 肩膀向后, 我清了清嗓子, 拼写道“O-n-o-m-a-t-o-p-o-e-i-a。”故选B。

6. A. terrible   B. fair    C. great   D. real

【解析】选A。terrible糟糕的, 令人讨厌的; fair公平的;great伟大的; real真正的。根据 Surprisingly, my sister, Deandra, rolled her eyes. 可知妹妹当时的表情, 她的意思是:你是个糟糕的赢家。故选A。

7. A. happy   B. sour    C. cheerful   D. painful

【解析】选B。happy高兴的; sour酸的, 讨厌的;cheerful快乐的; painful痛苦的。根据上文rolled her eyes和terrible winner等内容可知, 迪安德拉对作者很不满意地做了一个讨厌的表情。故选B。

8. A. ignored   B. agreed   C. accepted  D. doubted

【解析】选A。ignore忽视; agree同意;accept接受;doubt怀疑。她想和你握手, 但你不理睬。故选A。

9. A. answer   B. care    C. regret   D. decline

【解析】选B。answer回答;care照顾, 关心; regret后悔; decline拒绝。此处指作者对细节和别人的感受一点也不在乎。故选B。

10. A. poorest   B. easiest    C. best   D. luckiest

【解析】选C。poorest最穷的; easiest最容易的; best最好的; luckiest最幸运的。你很快就会面对全县最好的选手中的最好的。故选C。

11. A. admire   B. pass

C. influence   D. match

【解析】选D。admire钦佩, 赞美; pass通过;influence影响;match匹配。他们能和我匹敌吗?我无需努力就是最好的。故选D。

12. A. jumped   B. rose

C. decreased   D. spread

【解析】选C。jump跳跃;rise上升;decrease减少;spread传播。六轮过后, 学生的数量从100多名下降到了7名, 而我是七名学生中的一名。故选C。

13. A. concern   B. efforts

C. progress   D. history

【解析】选D。concern关心;efforts努力;progress进步;history历史。如果有人给我“航空航天”或“圆锥形”这样的词, 我早就创造历史了。故选D。

14. A. changed   B. fell

C. crashed    D. relieved

【解析】选C。change改变;fall掉下, 落下;crash碰撞, 坠落;relieve减轻, 解除。我最终惨败在“大师”这个词上了。故选C。

15. A. by   B. around   C. frozen   D. tall

【解析】选C。by通过;around大约;frozen冻结的;tall高的。由于比赛没赢, 我呆呆地站了很长时间。故选C。

16. A. role        B. way

C. opposite       D. behavior

【解析】选C。role角色; way方法;opposite相反; behavior行为。我获胜后: I shouted on stage, “I am the alpha-best”, 现在获胜者的表现: He accepted his trophy with a small bow, and then shook hands with the runner-up. 获胜者的表现和我完全相反。故选C。

17. A. took place   B. made sense

C. came out    D. caught up

【解析】选B。take place发生; make sense有意义, 讲得通;come out出现, 出版;catch up赶上。我此刻明白了迪安德拉的话很有道理。故选B。

18. A. ashamed   B. shocked

C. cautious     D. impolite

【解析】选D。ashamed羞愧的; shocked震惊的;cautious谨慎的;impolite不礼貌的。因为没有和Alexa握手, 我向Alexa道歉, “很抱歉我赢的时候太不礼貌了。”故选D。

19. A. disaster    B. deal    C. success    D. dream

【解析】选A。disaster灾难;deal交易;success成功;dream梦想。作者认为这次比赛是一场灾难。因为作者比赛失败, 其他选项不符合文意, 故选A。

20. A. rely     B. rest    C. base     D. shake

【解析】选D。rely依赖; rest休息; base以……作基础; shake摇动。与shaking my hand呼应, 此处指我们握手言和, shake on it指握手言和。故选D。

Ⅲ. 语法填空

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　Moving silently through Alibaba Group Holding Ltd’s “FlyZoo” hotel, black disc-shaped robots about a metre in height deliver food and drop off fresh towels.

The robots are part of a set of high-tech tools that Alibaba 1. __________ (say) extremely cuts the hotel’s cost of human labour and removes the need for guests to interact 2. other people.  

Inside the hotel, softly-lit white panelled walls bring to mind the insides of Hollywood spaceships. Guests check in at reception desks that scan 3. (they) faces, as well as passports or other ID. 4. __________ (visit) with a Chinese national ID can scan their faces using their smartphones to check in ahead of time.  

At the hotel’s restaurant, taller capsule-shaped robots deliver food that guests 5. __________ (order) via the FlyZoo app while at a separate bar, a large robotic arm can mix more than 20 6. (difference) types of cocktails. Facial recognition cameras add charges to the room rate 7. (automatic).  

The hotel does employ humans, 8. __________ Alibaba refused to tell how many. This includes chefs and cleaners as well as reception staff, 9. will assist with conventional check-in procedures for guests unwilling to have their faces 10. __________ (scan) and want to use electronic key cards.  

【文章大意】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述了阿里巴巴团队发明了一款新的机器人, 这款机器人能够在宾馆里为客人提供服务。

1. 【解析】says。考查谓语动词。句意:阿里巴巴说这些工具极大地降低了酒店的人力成本。分析句子可知, 本空格在句中作谓语动词。根据and后面的“removes”可知, 本句要用一般现在时。主语是第三人称单数, 所以填says。

2. 【解析】with。考查固定搭配。句意:不再需要客人与其他人之间的交流互动。interact with 为固定搭配, 意为“与……互动”。故填with。

3. 【解析】their。考查人称代词。句意:客人在前台办理登记手续, 前台扫描他们的脸, 以及护照或其他身份证明。句子的主语是客人们, 前台扫描的是客人们的, 即他们的(their)脸, 故填their。

4. 【解析】Visitors。考查名词的复数。句意:持有中国国家身份证的游客可以使用智能手机提前扫描自己的脸来登记。根据句中的“their faces”可知, 本题填名词的复数Visitors。

5. 【解析】have ordered。考查谓语动词的时态。句意:更高的胶囊状机器人通过Flyzoo应用程序提供客人已经订购的食物。根据语境可知, 本空格要用现在完成时。故填have ordered。

6. 【解析】different。考查词形变化。后面是名词type, 可判断前面用形容词形式。

7. 【解析】automatically。考查副词辨析。句意:面部识别摄像机会自动将费用加到房价中。分析句子可知, 本空格在句中作状语修饰动词add , 因此要用副词automatically。

8. 【解析】though/but。考查连词。句意:尽管这家酒店确实雇用了员工, 但阿里巴巴拒绝透露雇用人数。分析语境可知, 前后两句是转折关系, 故填though/but。

9. 【解析】who。考查定语从句。句意:这包括厨师、清洁工以及接待人员, 他们将协助不愿意做面部扫描并想使用电子钥匙卡的……。分析句子可知, 本句中的chefs and cleaners as well as reception staff是先行词, 在后面的从句中作主语, 指人要用who, 故填who。

10. 【解析】scanned。考查固定搭配。句意:员工们将协助那些不愿接受面部扫描、希望使用电子钥匙卡的客人办理常规的入住手续。have+宾语+done表示宾语与补语的动词二者是被动关系, 要用过去分词scanned。

【知识拓展】佳词积累

1. interact　　　　　vt. 互相影响;互相作用

2. panelled adj. 镶嵌的

3. robotic adj. 机器人的;像机器人的

4. conventional adj. 符合习俗的, 传统的;常见的