高三英语大一轮复习15-3 Unit 5 Canada-“the true north”核心素养测评含解析

核心素养测评  十五　必修3　 Unit 5　Canada—“The True North”

(限时35分钟)

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

In the middle of the 19th century, a fever dream of riches beyond measure drew countless explorers west to the mountains of central California. Although the gold rush ended up being a bust for many who sought a fortune, some of those explorers discovered a natural treasure that would draw permanent settlers to Yosemite Valley in the following decade.

Vast wilderness, beautiful mountains, countless waterfalls, and abundant wildlife drew Native Americans to Yosemite roughly 10, 000 years ago. The first non-native tourists arrived in the mid-1850s after reports from gold seekers told of an area of breathtaking beauty that no words were able to describe.

Fortunately, some of Yosemite’s earliest settlers recognized that Yosemite’s natural beauty and resources needed to be preserved for future generations. In the midst of the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln signed a grant to protect Yosemite permanently, thus making it the nation’s first land to be dedicated to recreation and setting the stage for what would become the national park system.

One of Yosemite’s earliest ambassadors was Scottish-American naturalist and writer John Muir. After living in Yosemite for a few years, he helped define its proposed boundaries. He also wrote articles that helped lead to its official title as a National Park in 1890. He later co-founded the Sierra Club in 1892 to advocate for its continued preservation and protection.

Located on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in central California, Yosemite National Park runs across nearly 748, 000 acres, almost 95%of which is wilderness. Around four million visitors come to Yosemite each year to camp, hike its miles of trails, climb its rock formations, and photograph its impressive sights. Are you ready to visit Yosemite National Park? Which of Yosemite’s sights would you most like to experience?

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了美国风景优美之地约塞米蒂的历史以及约塞米蒂国家公园的特点。

1. Which of the following best explains “bust” underlined in Paragraph 1?

A. Memory. 　　　　　　 B. Symbol.

C. Failure.   D. Challenge.

【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“some of those explorers discovered a natural treasure”可知, 尽管淘金热最终以许多淘金者的失败而告终, 但其中一些探索者发现了一个自然宝藏, 由此可知画线词词义为“失败”, 故C项正确。

2. When did the first non-native tourists come to Yosemite?

A. After it was discovered by gold seekers.

B. When the gold rush finally came to a stop.

C. Before native Americans found its beauty.

D. When it became a National Park in 1890.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The first non-native tourists arrived in the mid-1850s after reports from gold seekers told of an area of breathtaking beauty that no words were able to describe. ”可知, 第一批非本地游客是在听淘金者说这里有难以用语言描绘的美景后来到约塞米蒂的, 也就是他们是在这个地方被淘金者发现之后来到这里的, 故A项正确。

3. What do we learn about John Muir?

A. He was the first to build the national park.

B. He helped set the boundaries of Yosemite.

C. He wrote to collect money for Yosemite.

D. He gave Yosemite an official name.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“After living in Yosemite for a few years, he helped define its proposed boundaries. ”可知, 在约塞米蒂居住多年后, John Muir帮助确定了约塞米蒂的边界, 故B项正确。

4. What do we know about Yosemite National Park?

A. It has been well preserved since the Civil War.

B. It was originally created to protect wild animals.

C. It used to be well-known for its man-made beauty.

D. It was once damaged by some of its earliest settlers.

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In the midst of the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln signed a grant to protect Yosemite permanently”可知, 内战期间, 林肯总统就签署了一项条款, 永久保护约塞米蒂, 由此可知, 自内战期间起, 约塞米蒂就得到了很好的保护, 故A项正确。

Ⅱ. 完形填空世纪金榜导学号

　　Recently I met a guy named Leonard Gilbert on a trip.  Leonard is the kind of people you could pass on the street and never 　1　 but he is,  in my view,  a very special person who 　2　 recognition.  

Leo lives in a 　3　 rural area,  so when his wife had cancer several years ago,  Leo was faced with a four-and-a-half-hour drive to where she could be treated.  That 　4　 lots of expense for meals,  fuel,  hotels and so on.  But in the end the cancer took his wife 　5　.  

Evidently Leo was very 　6　 by his wife’s passing,  but he was also very angry,  for he realized other people were facing the same sorts of 　7　.  Rather than giving money to charities,  what he did was start to throw 　8　.  

Every other Saturday evening,  there is a party in Leo’s garage.  Neighbours,  friends and relatives come and bring snacks and drinks; many bring 　9　,  there is music and dancing,  and at some point during the evening Leo 　10　 a family he has found who are having difficulties 　11　 the cost of supporting a cancer patient undergoing 　12　 far from home.  Then a honey-jar is passed around and the money 　13　 ,  every cent of it,  goes 　14　 to that family.  The people at the party have a good time.  The family 　15　 that someone,  probably someone they have never met knows what they are going through and 　16　 enough to help.  

Leo’s 　17　 to help the families of other cancer patients was born out of his grief but,  from the perspective of those who have received the money,  it is an act of love.  His personal 　18　 has resulted in an act of kindness that honours the 　19　 of the wife he has lost.  Wouldn’t it be nice if we had more people in the world like Leonard Gilbert? I’m glad I met Leo.  He makes the world a 　20　 place.  

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了在失去妻子之后, 莱纳德化悲痛为力量, 努力帮助那些正在经受痛苦的家庭。

1. A. know　　　　　　　　 B. notice

C. forget  D. love

【解析】选B。know知道;notice注意;forget忘记;love爱。根据空后的“but he is,  in my view,  a very special person who ______recognition. ”可知, Leonard是那种你在街上经过都不会注意的人, 但在我看来, 他是一个特别的人, 值得被认可, 选B项正确。 

2. A. requires  B. needs

C. deserves  D. avoids

【解析】选C。require要求;need需要;deserve值得;avoid避免。根据语境可知, 我觉得他很特别, 值得被认可, 故C项正确。

3. A. convenient  B. peaceful

C. remote  D. nearby

【解析】选C。convenient方便的;peaceful和平的;remote遥远的;nearby附近的。根据后文Leo需要开车4. 5小时才能到医院可知, 他住在一个比较远的地方, 故C项正确。

4. A. meant  B. spent

C. showed  D. reduced

【解析】选A。mean意味着;spend花费;show展示;reduce减少。要开那么久的车才能去医院, 这就意味着大额的开支, 故A项正确。

5. A. otherwise  B. instead

C. somehow  D. anyway

【解析】选D。otherwise否则;instead相反;somehow以某种方法;anyway不管怎样, 总之。根据连词but可知前后是转折关系, 虽然付出了巨大的代价, 但是癌症还是夺去了他妻子的生命, 故D项正确。

6. A. stricken  B. shocked

C. pleased  D. mourned

【解析】选A。stricken打击, 煎熬;shocked震惊;pleased高兴;mourned哀悼。上文写到妻子去世了,  Leo为此受煎熬。be stricken by表示“受煎熬, 遭受磨难”, 故A项正确。

7. A. happiness  B. hardships

C. cancers  D. expenses

【解析】选B。happiness快乐;hardships苦难;cancers癌症;expenses费用。本句关键提示词是the same, Leo一方面因为妻子的离世而痛心, 但同时也因为知道还有很多人跟他面临一样的苦难而感到愤怒, 他想帮助跟他经受同样痛苦的人们, 故B项正确。

8. A. coins  B. honey

C. medicine  D. parties

【解析】选D。coin硬币;honey蜂蜜;medicine药;party派对。根据下一段内容可知, Leo没有选择向慈善机构捐款, 而是举办派对, 故D项正确。

9. A. jars  B. cards

C. instruments  D. flowers

【解析】选C。jar罐;card贺卡;instrument乐器;flower鲜花。既然是一个派对, 大家载歌载舞, 所以他们带来的应该是乐器, 故C项正确。

10. A. tells about  B. argues about

C. comments on  D. chats about

【解析】选A。tell about告诉;argue about争论;comment on评论;chat about闲聊。派对不是单纯为了玩, 在适当的时候Leo会告诉大家他最近了解到的需要帮助的家庭的事, 组织大家捐款, 故A项正确。

11. A. cutting  B. meeting

C. increasing  D. calculating

【解析】选B。cutting削减;meeting满足;increasing增加;calculating计算。第三段提到Leo要帮助那些跟他处境一样的人们, 也就是支付治疗癌症的巨大开支。 meet the cost, 表示“支付费用”, 故B项正确。

12. A. charities  B. depression

C. treatment  D. support

【解析】选C。charities慈善; depression抑郁; treatment治疗; support支持。第二段开头提到, Leo要把妻子送去治疗要开车4. 5小时才能到医院。此处一样, 是指正远离家在医院进行治疗的人们, 故C项正确。

13. A. saved  B. paid

C. owed  D. collected

【解析】选D。 saved节省; paid支付; owed欠; collected筹集。一个蜂蜜罐子在大家当中进行传递让大家捐款, 所筹集的每一分钱都直接给刚刚提到的家庭用于治疗, 故D项正确。

14. A. partly  B. exactly

C. properly  D. directly

【解析】选D。 partly部分地; exactly正是; properly正确地;directly直接地。所筹集的每一分钱都直接给刚刚提到的家庭用于治疗, 故D项正确。

15. A. understands  B. pretends

C. ignores  D. confirms

【解析】选A。 understand明白; pretend假装; ignore忽视; confirm确认。这个受帮助的家庭明白, 有一群他们不认识的人懂他们现在的不易, 也很愿意帮助他们, 故A项正确。

16. A. earns  B. cares

C. struggles  D. plans

【解析】选B。care to do sth. 表示“愿意做某事”, 故B项正确。

17. A. demand  B. motivation

C. expectation  D. consideration

【解析】选B。demand要求;motivation动机;expectation期望; consideration考虑。他想帮助其他有癌症病人的家庭的动机源于他的悲痛, 故B项正确。

18. A. donation  B. opinion

C. loss  D. belief

【解析】选C。 donation捐赠; opinion观点; loss损失;belief信仰。对他个人来说失去妻子是一个巨大的损失, 但他因此做出了善意的行为, 故C项正确。

19. A. cancer  B. memory

C. wish  D. recovery

【解析】选B。 cancer癌症;memory记忆;wish愿望;recovery恢复。他用善意的行为纪念他逝去的妻子。honour the memory of 表示“纪念……”, 故B项正确。

20. A. better  B. worse

C. more peaceful  D. more terrible

【解析】选A。 better更好; worse更糟; more peaceful更和平; more terrible更可怕。根据Leo的所作所为可知, 他是个好人, 他让这个世界变得更好, 故A项正确。

Ⅲ. 读后续写

(2020·杭州模拟)

阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。

I pulled the car into the garage and got out,  just like every night for the past 16 years. The difference was that I wouldn’t have a job to take in the morning. I used to be a VP(副总) in technology for a national bank until it was closed.

I’d put my heart and soul into my job. Not only did I work long hours,  but I was on call 24 hours a day,  including weekends and holidays. My kids joked that though they were the teenagers,  I was the one who was glued to the cell phone and had to be told not to text at the dinner table.  

My wife, Michelle,  went back to work full-time once my job was threatened. But our kids would be going to college—our son,  TJ,  was a high school senior,  and the girls,  Sarah and Tara,  were in ninth grade—and I wanted to give them the education and opportunities they deserved. God,  if I can’t provide for my family,  I asked,  what good am I? 

A ray of light streamed through the window,  as if beckoning(召唤) me. I opened the door and stepped out into our yard. The lawn,  the maple tree planted when I was young and the flower beds were overrun with weeds. They needed pruning(修剪).  

Treasure this time. The thought came out of nowhere. But clear,  clear as it could be. I shook my head. I couldn’t get distracted by random thoughts. The clock was ticking. I needed to get busy finding a new job.  

I went up to the house. “I’m sorry,  Dad, ” TJ said. “I know how much your job meant to you. ” His concern was mirrored in the girls’ faces. Then Michelle added,  “It’s going to be okay. We’ll get through this together. Maybe you should consider this time as a break. You deserve one. ” 

A break? Was she kidding? There was no time to rest. If anything,  I needed to work even harder.

注意:

1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语;

3. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好;

4. 续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

The next morning I got up before everyone else and opened my laptop.   

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Just a few hours here and there,  the new lawn began to take shape and so did I. _________________________________________________________________

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【参考范文】

Paragraph 1:

The next morning I got up before everyone else and opened my laptop. To find a new job,  I searched job sites,  and companies with big technical departments,  and e-mailed friends with connections. Then Michelle and the kids were up; the house was bustling. However,  by midmorning the quiet of the house was driving me crazy. I walked to our yard to clear my head. My gaze fell on those overgrown flower beds. As least that was a problem I could do something about. Then I settled into a new routine. I still applied for jobs,  but I took a break to do things I’d neglected.  

Paragraph 2:

Just a few hours here and there,  the new lawn began to take shape and so did I. With the physical labor,  the extra weight and concern dropped off,  and I felt healthier. Maybe God had answered a prayer I hadn’t even said. He gave me this time to treasure,  to be the husband and father my family needed. And I also had the chance to find a healthy balance between work and home—a balance that even after I land a new position with a great company,  I will be sure to keep.