高三英语大一轮复习16-4 Unit 1 women of achievement核心素养测评含解析

核心素养测评  十六　必修4　 Unit 1　Women of achievement

(限时35分钟)

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

　　　　　　　　　　　A

The Melbourne Magic Festival in Australia attracts crazy fans of all ages to the Arts Centre Melbourne. The annual event includes the Junior Championships of Magic, a showcase for Australia’s promising magicians under the age of 18.

　　The competitors in 2018 included Nicola Gidley, 16, who competed in both the stage magic and close-up magic competitions. For her stage act, Nicola performed a soccer routine: She floated a soccer ball and somehow caused a whistle to disappear. For the close-up act, Nicola performed mind-bending tricks with Rubik’s Cubes. Her impressive routines earned her third prize in both competitions.

　　Nicola entered the world of magic when she was just 12, almost by chance. After injuring her knee playing cricket, Nicola needed surgery. This left her on crutches for three months. With nothing to do, she found a pack of cards and began to “learn simple tricks off YouTube, ” she said. “Then I moved on to bigger and better things, such as tricks with rabbits and doves. ”

　　Nicola’s hard work has been paying off. Just last year, she was awarded a full scholarship to the well-known Tannen’s Magic Camp in Pennsylvania. The camp is situated in a “Harry Potter-like castle”,  Nicola explained, where students participate in classes and workshops run by leading magicians.

　　Stepping on stage in front of an audience can be worrying, Nicola acknowledged. “But with each show, ” she added, “I become more and more confident. ”

　　When asked for advice for ambitious magicians, Nicola said,  “Perform any chance you get. The more experience you have on stage in front of an audience, the better you become as a performer and a magician. ”

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了澳大利亚16岁女孩Nicola Gidley, 12岁开始玩魔术, 在2018年的墨尔本魔术节中获得青少年组三等奖, 她给了有志成为魔术师的人一些宝贵的建议。

1. What does the underlined word “mind-bending” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A. Ridiculous. 　　　　　 B. Sensitive.

C. Flexible.   D. Exciting.

【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句“For the close-up act, Nicola performed mind-bending tricks with Rubik’s Cubes. Her impressive routines earned her third prize in both competitions. ”可知, 在近距离表演中, Nicola用魔方表演了激动人心的魔术。她的令人印象深刻的表演在两项比赛中都获得了三等奖。ridiculous滑稽的;sensitive敏锐的;flexible灵活的;exciting激动人心的。故选D。

2. How did Nicola begin to learn magic?

A. By watching videos.

B. By following magicians.

C. By attending classes.

D. By joining Magic Camp.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“With nothing to do, she found a pack of cards and began to ‘learn simple tricks off YouTube, ’”可知,  12岁时, Nicola在打板球时膝盖受伤后, 需要手术, 这让她用拐杖走了三个月, 因为无事可做, 她找到了一包卡片, 并开始在YouTube上学习简单的魔术技巧。YouTube是视频网站, 故选A。

3. What made Nicola become an excellent magician?

A. Crazy fans.  B. Her hard work.

C. Her luck.  D. Good stages.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Nicola’s hard work has been paying off. ” 可知, Nicola的艰苦的努力使她在魔术表演中取得成功。故选B。

4. What does Nicola’s advice imply in the last paragraph?

A. Where there is a will, there is a way.

B. Seeing is believing.

C. Practice makes perfect.

D. Well begun is half done.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段Nicola所给的建议Perform any chance you get. The more experience you have on stage in front of an audience, the better you become as a performer and a magician. 可知, 利用任何机会去表演, 在舞台上在观众面前表演得越多, 你就越能成为好的表演者和魔术师。她的建议隐含了一个道理:熟能生巧。A“有志者事竟成”;B“眼见为实”;C“熟能生巧”;D“良好的开端是成功的一半”。故选C。

B

On Saturday evening,  CCTV showed a computer-generated image of the Chang’e 3 lander’s path as it approached the surface of the moon,  saying that during the landing period it needed to have no contact with Earth. As it was just hundreds of meters away the lander’s camera broadcast images of the moon’s surface.

The Chang’e 3’s solar panels,  which are used to absorb sunlight to generate power,  opened soon after the landing. The mission blasted off (发射) from southwest China on Dec. 2 on a Long March-3B carrier rocket. It is named after a mythical Chinese goddess of the moon and the “Yutu” rover vehicle,  or “Jade Rabbit” in English,  is named after the goddess’ pet.

China’s military-backed space program has made much progress in a relatively short time,  although it is behind the United States and Russia in technology and experience. China sent its first astronaut into space in 2003,  becoming the third nation after Russia and the United States to achieve manned space travel independently. In 2006,  it sent its first probe (探测器) to the moon. China plans to open a space station around 2020 and send an astronaut to the moon after that.

“They are taking their time with getting to know about how to fly humans into space,  how to build space stations, how to explore the solar system,  especially the moon and Mars. They are making big advancements,  and I think over the next 10—20 years they’ll certainly be matching Russia and America in this area and maybe overtaking them in some areas. ”

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是中国在太空探索方面正在取得的进展。中国将在太空探索领域取得成功。

5. What is this text mainly about?

A. An unknown flying object.

B. China is making progress in the space exploration.

C. China’s intention of taking over the space.

D. How will Chang’e 3 be sent into space?

【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据最后一段中They are taking their time with getting to know about how to fly humans into space,  how to build space stations, how to explore the solar system,  especially the moon and Mars. They are making big advancements, 可知, 中国在太空探索方面正在取得进展。故选B。

6. According to the text,  what is the “Jade Rabbit”?

A. Someone’s pet.

B. A goddess in China’s myth.

C. The name of the carrier rocket.

D. The name of the rover vehicle of Chang’e 3.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中The Chang’e 3’s solar panels,  which are used to absorb sunlight to generate power,  opened soon after the landing. 和It is named after a mythical Chinese goddess of the moon and the “Yutu” rover vehicle,  or “Jade Rabbit” in English,  is named after the goddess’ pet. 可知the “Jade Rabbit”是嫦娥三号月球车的名字。故选D。

7. In Paragraph 3,  the underlined word “it” refers to ______.  

A. China  B. Russia

C. the United States D. the space station

【解析】选A。代词指代题。根据第三段China’s military-backed space program has made much progress in a relatively short time,  although it is behind the United States and Russia in technology and experience. “中国军方支持的太空计划在相对较短的时间内取得了很大进展, 尽管在技术和经验上落后于美国和俄罗斯。”由此推知it指的是“中国”。故选A。

8. Why does the author quote (引用) someone’s words in the last paragraph?

A. To discuss other countries’ progress in space exploration.

B. To tell readers more about why we should explore the space.

C. To argue whether China is going to benefit from space programme.

D. To explain that China will succeed in the field of space exploration.

【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中They are making big advancements,  and I think over the next 10—20 years they’ll certainly be matching Russia and America in this area and maybe overtaking them in some areas. 可知, 作者在最后一段引用别人的话是为了解释中国将在太空探索领域取得成功。故选D。

Ⅱ. 阅读填句

　　Living to the ripe old age of 90 may depend on your body size—both height and weight—as well as your level of physical activity, and geeing to influence a woman’s lifespan more than it does a man’s.

The study found women who lived to 90 were, on average, taller and had put on less weight since the age of 20 as compared to women who were shorter and heavier. 1. However, men saw more benefit from physical activity than women.

In 1986 researchers asked over 7, 000 Norwegian men and women between age 55 and 69 about their height, current weight, and weight at age 20. Both genders also told researchers about their current physical activities. 2. The men and women were then sorted into daily activity quotas:less than 30 minutes, 30 to 60 minutes, and 90 minutes or more.

Men and women in the study fared very differently when it came to the impact of body size and exercise.

Women who weighed less at age 20 and put on less weight as they aged were more likely to live longer than heavier women. 3. ________ The study found women who were taller than 5 feet 9 inches were 31% more likely to live into their 90s than women who were less than 5 feet 3 inches.  

4. ________ Men who spent 90 minutes a day or more being active were 39% more likely to live to 90 than men who were physically active for less than 30 minutes.  

However, women who were physically active for more than 60 minutes a day were only 21%more likely to live to 90 than those who did 30 minutes or less. And unlike men, there was no bonus for increasing activity. 5. 　　 

A. Height played a major factor.

B. No such association was seen for men.

C. The study was observational and couldn’t establish cause.

D. In fact, the study found that the optimal level of activity for women was 60 minutes a day.

E. Neither height nor weight seemed to factor into whether the men reached their 90s, but activity level did.

F. In addition, for each 30 minutes a day the men were active, they were 5% more likely to reach that age.

G. And they included dog walking, gardening, home improvements, walking or biking to work and sports.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是人的寿命取决于哪些因素。研究表明活到90岁的高龄可能取决于你的身高和体重以及你的身体活动水平, 并且指出活动、身高和体重影响一个女人的寿命比影响一个男性的寿命更多。

1. 【解析】选B。上文提示“研究发现活到90岁的女性, 平均而言, 更高, 自从20岁就更不易发胖, 这是与更矮、更重的女性相比。”而下文提到men saw more benefit from physical activity than women以及However可知前后相反, 前面提女性, 后面讲男性, 承接上文, B项No such association was seen for men. 切题。故选B。

2. 【解析】选G。上文提示“男女双方还告诉研究人员关于他们当前的体育活动。”承接上文, G项And they included dog walking, gardening, home improvements, walking or biking to work and sports. (它们包括遛狗、园艺、家庭环境的改善、走路或骑自行车去上班和运动。)切题。该项中的they指的就是上句中的activities。故选G。

3. 【解析】选A。下文提示“研究发现高度超过5英尺9英寸的女性与身高不到5英尺3英寸的女性相比, 有31%更有可能活到90多岁。”承接下文, A项Height played a major factor. (高度扮演了一个主要因素。)故选A。

4. 【解析】选E。下文提示“一天花了90分钟或更多时间在运动上的男性与每天锻炼少于30分钟的男性相比有39%更有可能活到90岁。”承接下文, E项Neither height nor weight seemed to factor into whether the men reached their 90s, but activity level did. (男性是否能活到90多岁, 其因素似乎既不是身高也不是体重, 而是活动标准。)切题。故选E。

5. 【解析】选D。上文提示“与男性不同, 增加活动没有额外的收获。”承接上文, D项In fact, the study found that the optimal level of activity for women was 60 minutes a day. (事实上, 研究发现, 女性的最优水平的活动是每天60分钟。)切题。故选D。

Ⅲ. 书面表达

假设你是李华, 你校外教Mr Brown 对中国文化很感兴趣, 请写封邮件邀请他一起参加城市图书馆的传统文化日。内容包括:

1.  时间和地点;

2.  活动介绍:中国餐桌礼仪讲座;使用筷子比赛;粤剧表演等。

注意:1.  词数80左右;

 2.  可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;

3.  提示词:筷子:chopsticks 粤剧:Cantonese Opera

Dear Mr Brown,

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【参考范文】

Dear Mr Brown,

I’m Li Hua.  I’m writing to share a piece of good news with you.

The city Library will celebrate Chinese Traditional Culture Day this Saturday in the lecture hall.  The celebration will start at 8:30 a. m.  and last the whole day.  In the morning,  there’s a lecture about Chinese table manners.  After that you can take part in a chopstick use contest and I’m sure you’ll have lots of fun.  What’s more,  you can watch a Cantonese Opera show in the afternoon,  which is a good chance to enjoy the impressive performance featuring our local dialect.

I know you’re interested in Chinese culture,  so why not join us and have a good time?

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours,

Li Hua