高三英语大一轮复习35-7 Unit 5 travelling abroad核心素养测评含解析

核心素养测评  三十五　选修7　 Unit 5　Travelling abroad

(限时35分钟)

Ⅰ. 阅读理解世纪金榜导学号

It’s over 50 years since man first stepped on the moon,  and we’re still harboring dreams of escaping life on Earth for the mysteries of space.

Californian company The Gateway Foundation has released plans for the Von Braun Station,  a hotel floating among the stars. The aim is to get the hotel off the ground by 2025 and make it fully operational for travel by 2027.

Tim Alatorre,  senior design architect at the Gateway Foundation,  says the spinning wheel would create a simulated(模拟的) gravity. “The station is designed to rotate, pushing the contents of the station out to the sides of the station,  much in the way that you can spin a bucket of water—the water pushes out into the bucket and stays in place, ” he tells CNN Travel.

The Gateway Foundation’s hotel design is named after Wernher von Braun,  an aerospace engineer who pioneered rocket technology,  first in Germany and later in the United States.

Space tourism is an expensive game—Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic plans to launch passengers into sub-orbital space at the sum of $250, 000 per person,  per trip. Meanwhile,  Aurora Station says a stay in its space hotel will cost an eyewatering $9. 5 million. Aurora Station aims to sleep just 12,  whereas the Von Braun Station will sleep 352 people with a maximum capacity of 450.

“On board,  there’ll be warm suites with carpets and stylish monochrome touches and chic bars that wouldn’t look out of place back on Earth,  just with star-gazing views. There will also be plenty of fun recreational activities for guest to enjoy, ” says Alatorre.

“But our goal—the main goal of the Gateway Foundation—is to create a starship culture where people are going to space,  and living in space,  and working in space and they want to be in space. And we believe that there’s a demand for that. ” The Gateway Foundation also intends the space station to be used for research purposes,  as well as asteroid mining.

“There’s no amount of water or trash or waste that is going to be discarded,  everything will be recycled,  reused,  stored,  converted to some other form. ”

【文章大意】本文为说明文, 讲的是美国一家基金会近日公布了太空旅馆的建设计划, 这个旅馆被设计成轮子形状, 将于2025年建成。

1. What is the passage mainly about?

A. A new wheel-shaped space hotel to be built.

B. The most advanced space hotel in the world.

C. The shape of the new space hotel.

D. The cost of a space trip in the future.

【解析】选A。主旨大意题。纵观全文可知, 本文主要介绍了美国一家基金会将打造一座轮子形状的太空旅馆, 故选A。

2. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The new space hotel will spin under the influence of gravity.

B. The tourists to the space hotel will have few activities to enjoy there.

C. The new space hotel is quite environmentally-friendly.

D. The main aim to build the space hotel is to make money.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话可知A项错误;根据第六段最后一句话可知B项错误;根据最后一段可知C项正确;根据倒数第二段第一句话可知D项错误。故选C。

3. A man’s trip to the new space hotel and a stay in it will cost$ ______.  

A. 250, 000　　　　　　 B. 9. 5 million

C. 9. 25 million  D. 9. 75 million

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段第一句话中的“. . . the sum of $250, 000 per person,  per trip”和第二句话中的“. . . a stay in its space hotel will cost an eyewatering $9. 5 million”可知将花费9. 75 million美元, 故选D。

4. What does the underlined word“rotate”in paragraph 3 mean?

A. spin　 　B. stop　 　C. break　 　D. end

【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话中的“the spinning wheel would create a simulated gravity”和第二句话中的“much in the way that you can spin a bucket of water”可知, 画线单词与spin意思一致, 故选A。

阅读填句

　　Chinese kung fu is a series of fighting styles which have developed over a long historical period in China. 　1　. Styles,  including shaolin,  taichi and qigong,  have many followers worldwide. Some westerners think that all Chinese people are kung fu masters. 　2　. But this traditional heritage has its unique existence in modern times and has much influence on the local’s lifestyle.  

 　3　,  kung fu advocates virtue and peace,  not aggression or violence. This has been the common value upheld by martial artists from generation to generation. With a number of movement sets,  boxing styles,  weapon skills and some unique fighting skills,  kung fu keeps its original function of self-defense. 　4　.  

In order to survive in an extremely aggressive environment,  our primitive Chinese ancestors developed primary means of defense and attack that include jumping,  tumbling(空翻)and kicking. The martial arts we recognize today as kung fu had their origins in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. During the following Qin and Han Dynasties,  wrestling,  swordplay and spear skills became well developed and were popular among civilians and troops. 　5　,  various schools,  boxing styles,  movement sets and weapon skills developed quickly.  

A. Although being fighting styles

B. Including various schools

C. Following the Song Dynasty

D. That may not be completely true

E. Kung fu has become a large system

F. Now its value in body-building and fitness is also highly appreciated

G. Nowadays,  it is regarded as a traditional sport gaining more and more popularity

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 文章主要介绍了中国功夫的历史和发展。

1. 【解析】选G。由第一段“Styles,  including shaolin,  taichi and qigong,  have many followers worldwide”可知, 包括少林、太极和气功在内的形式在世界各地都受到追捧。所以此处要说“如今, 它被认为是一项越来越受欢迎的传统运动”, 然后再具体说明哪些功夫在世界各地都受到追捧。

2. 【解析】选D。由第一段“Some westerners think that all Chinese people are kung fu masters”可知, 一些西方人认为中国人都是功夫大师。所以此处要对前句“西方人认为中国人都是功夫大师”这样的观点进行澄清, 来说明这种观点可能不是完全正确的。故D选项“这种观点可能不是完全正确的”符合句意。

3. 【解析】选A。由第二段“kung fu advocates virtue and peace,  not aggression or violence. This has been the common value upheld by martial artists from generation to generation. ”可知, 功夫崇尚美德与和平, 不崇尚侵略与暴力, 这是武术家一代又一代所坚守的共同价值观。所以此处要与前一句形成转折关系。故A选项“功夫虽然是打斗风格的运动”符合句意。

4. 【解析】选F。由第二段“With a number of movement sets,  boxing styles,  weapon skills and some unique fighting skills,  kung fu keeps its original function of self-defense”可知, 功夫有多种动作套路、拳术风格、武器技能和一些独特的战斗技能, 保持了它原来的自卫功能。所以此处要总结性地说明它在健身和健康方面的价值也受到高度赞赏。故F选项“在健身和健康方面的价值也受到高度赞赏”符合句意。

5. 【解析】选C。由第三段“During the following Qin and Han Dynasties,  wrestling,  swordplay and spear skills became well developed and were popular among civilians and troops. ”可知, 秦汉以后, 摔跤、剑术、长矛等技术得到了很好的发展, 在民间和军队中很受欢迎。所以此处要说明宋代以后, 各种流派、拳术风格、动作套路和武器技能发展迅速。故C选项“宋代以后”符合句意。

　【知识拓展】长难句分析

1. Chinese kung fu is a series of fighting styles which have developed over a long historical period in China.

分析:which引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词styles。

翻译:中国功夫是一系列的打斗形式, 在中国有着悠久的发展历史。

2. In order to survive in an extremely aggressive environment,  our primitive Chinese ancestors developed primary means of defense and attack that include jumping,  tumbling and kicking.

分析:in order to survive是目的状语。

翻译:为了在充满斗争的环境中生存下来, 我们中国人的祖先研究出一些防御和攻击的基本形式, 包括:跳、空翻及踢。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　We live in a heavily edited world. People in pictures are no longer people—they are perfect human beings whom we can only try,  and 　1　,  to live up to. And food in pictures is no longer food. It’s 　2　,  something to make you desire a lifestyle while 　3　 you that you’re not part of it.  

But people are getting 　4　 and tired of such perfection,  leading to something Pamela Grossman,  a director at Getty Images,  calls “perfection fatigue(疲劳)”. This new attitude is now 　5　 people to value something different: 　6　.  

The pizza company Domino’s,  for example,  is 　7　 the trend by encouraging its customers to 　8　 unedited pictures of their pizzas on social media,  as part of the nofilter (无滤镜的) movement that’s become so popular on Instagram. This may mean oily boxes,  　9　 cheese and less-than-delicious-looking meat,  but these 　10　 show what we’re actually 　11　.  

“It’s 　12　 what it looks like when you really get a pizza. ” Dennis Maloney,  chief digital officer of Domino’s,  told the website Fastcodesign. “It feels much more honest and transparent when the images are imperfect. ” 

Things are also changing with perfect human images. For example,  US clothing company Gap,  　13　 a “Dress Normal” campaign in 2014,  　14　 simple clothes instead of smart suits like those of runway models.  

“We spend so much time trying to 　15　 our shortcomings owing to the fact that our 　16　 has set it up that we have to be 　17　 if we’re not perfect, ”US filmmaker Cynthia Wade told The York Times. “I think people are tired of it. They’re suddenly much more willing to 　18　 the ugly or sarcastic. ” 

But while it’s probably true that we won’t see a(n) 　19　 to “perfect” pictures any time soon,  at least some people are starting to see that it can actually be 　20　 to be imperfect,  or to use the name of one of American singer Grace Vander Waal’s albums,  Perfectly Imperfect.  

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了我们生活在一个经过严格编辑的世界里。照片里的人——完美的人是我们试图想成为却不能成为的人。照片里的食物, 是一件艺术品, 一件使你期待一种生活方式的东西, 但同时又使你感知到你并不是这种生活方式的一分子。

1. A. choose B. aim C. fail D. intend

【解析】选C。句意:照片中的人不再是人了——他们是完美的人, 我们只能尝试, 但失败了, 辜负他们。choose选择;aim瞄准;fail失败;intend打算。照片里的人——完美的人是我们试图想成为却不能成为的人。故选C。

2. A. menu  B. artwork

C. sign  D. snack

【解析】选B。句意:这是一件艺术品, 一件让你渴望一种生活方式的东西, 同时提醒你, 你不是这种生活方式的一部分。menu菜单;artwork艺术品;sign签字;snack小吃。根据句意故选B。

3. A. reminding  B. instructing

C. informing  D. warning

【解析】选A。句意:这是一件艺术品, 一件让你渴望一种生活方式的东西, 同时提醒你, 你不是这种生活方式的一部分。remind提醒;instruct指导;inform通知;warn警告。根据句意故选A。

4. A. afraid  B. capable

C. sick  D. sure

【解析】选C。句意:但人们正对这种完美感到厌倦, 这导致了Getty Images的导演Pamela Grossman所说的“完美疲劳”。afraid害怕的;capable有能力的;sick生病的;sure确信的。根据下文中的tired of意为“厌倦”, 其中使用了and作为连接词, 由此可知, 空格处也是“厌倦”的意思。get sick of意为“讨厌, 厌倦”, 故选C。

5. A. forcing  B. requiring

C. expecting  D. driving

【解析】选D。句意:现在, 这种新的态度正在驱使人们重视一些不同的东西:诚实。force迫使;require要求;expect期待;drive驾驶, 驱使。drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事。故选D。

6. A. patience  B. honesty

C. kindness  D. generosity

【解析】选B。句意:见上题解析。patience耐心;honesty诚实;kindness好意;generosity慷慨。根据句意故选B。

7. A. focusing on  B. putting on

C. taking on  D. relying on

【解析】选C。句意:例如, 披萨公司达美乐(Domino’s)正呈现这一趋势, 鼓励顾客在社交媒体上发布未经编辑的披萨照片。focus on集中注意力;put on穿上;take on呈现, 采取;rely on依赖。由上下文可知本句举例来支持上一句, 因此本句应译为这家披萨公司通过鼓励顾客在社交媒体上传未经编辑的披萨照片而呈现这种趋势。故选C。

8. A. post  B. download

C. update  D. correct

【解析】选A。post张贴, 上传;download下载;update更新;correct纠正。这家披萨公司通过鼓励顾客在社交媒体上传(post)未经处理的披萨照片而呈现这种趋势, 故选A。

9. A. light-colored  B. dull-colored

C. half-filled  D. full-filled

【解析】选B。句意:这可能意味着油腻的盒子, 颜色暗淡的奶酪和看起来不那么美味的肉, 但这些图片显示了我们实际上在购买什么。light-colored浅色的;dull-colored暗色的;half-filled半满的;full-filled满足的。结合上句, 未经编辑的照片即意味着油腻的盒子, 颜色不鲜亮的奶酪, 和卖相不怎么好看的肉。故选B。

10. A. dishes  B. bills

C. boxes  D. images

【解析】选D。dish菜肴;bill账单;box盒子;image图像。此处意为:可这些图像所呈现出的正是你付钱所买的东西。故选D。

11. A. calling for  B. seeking for

C. paying for  D. hoping for

【解析】选C。call for要求;seek for寻找;pay for支付;hope for希望。根据句意可知这些图像所呈现出的正是你付钱所买的东西。pay for意为“付钱买……”。故选C。

12. A. absolutely  B. extremely

C. exactly  D. definitely

【解析】选C。句意:“这就是你真正吃到披萨时的样子。”达美乐首席数字官丹尼斯·马洛尼告诉Fastcodesign网站。absolutely绝对地;extremely非常;exactly恰好地, 确实;definitely清楚地, 当然。此处意为“你买披萨时, 披萨确实就是这样的”。故选C。

13. A. launched  B. attended

C. canceled  D. demanded

【解析】选A。句意:例如, 美国服装公司Gap在2014年发起了一场“正常着装”运动, 宣传的是简单的衣服, 而不是T台模特那种时髦的套装。launch发射, 发起;attend参加;cancel取消;demand要求。根据句意可知美国Gap制衣公司发起(launch)一场运动。故选A。

14. A. promising  B. experiencing

C. discussing  D. promoting

【解析】选D。promise承诺;experience经历;discuss讨论;promote晋升, 推广。运动旨在推广(promote)简简单单的衣服而不是T台模特穿的那种时髦的套装。故选D。

15. A. express B. find C. hide D. miss

【解析】选C。句意:美国电影制片人辛西娅·韦德在接受《纽约时报》采访时表示:“我们花了太多时间试图掩盖我们的缺点, 因为我们的文化造就了这一事实, 如果我们不够完美, 我们必须感到羞愧。”express表达;find发现;hide隐藏;miss错过。我们花费了如此多的时间来掩藏(hide)我们的缺点, 故选C。

16. A. culture  B. family

C. country  D. community

【解析】选A。culture 文化;family家庭;country国家;community社区。我们的文化(culture)设定了“如果我们不完美, 我们就会感到羞愧”的文化理念。故选A。

17. A. tolerant  B. satisfied

C. confident  D. ashamed

【解析】选D。tolerant宽容的;satisfied满意的;confident自信的;ashamed羞愧的。如果我们不完美, 我们就会感到羞愧(ashamed)。故选D。

18. A. hug  B. accept

C. resist  D. adopt

【解析】选B。句意:他们突然变得更愿意接受丑陋或讽刺。hug拥抱;accept接受;resist抵抗;adopt采用。结合上文, 人们态度开始转变, 开始接受那种有点丑丑的或带点讽刺意味的东西。故选B。

19. A. end B. start C. way D. choice

【解析】选A。句意:不过, 尽管我们可能不会很快看到“完美”照片的终结, 但至少有些人开始意识到, “不完美”的照片可能看上去也是有吸引力的。end结束, 终结;start开始;way方式;choice选择。人们态度开始转变, 尽管我们可能不会立马看到“完美”照片的终结(end), 但至少人们看到了不完美也是有吸引力的。故选A。

20. A. relaxing  B. exciting

C. annoying  D. appealing

【解析】选D。relaxing令人放松的;exciting令人激动的;annoying使恼怒的;appealing吸引人的。人们看到了不完美也是有吸引力的。故选D。

Ⅲ. 读后续写

(2020·台州模拟)

阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。

For many years,  I had a recurring (重复出现的) dream. I was a little girl again,  rushing about,  trying to get ready for school.

“Hurry,  you’ll be late for school, ” my mother called to me.

“I am hurrying,  Mom!  What did I do with my books?” 

Deep inside I knew where the dream came from. It was about some unfinished business in my life. As a kid,  I loved everything about school. I loved books,  teachers,  tests and homework. Most of all I longed to someday march down the aisle (通道) to receive my diploma. That seemed more appealing even than getting married.  

But at 15,  I had to drop out because my parents couldn’t afford tuition (学费). My hope of getting a diploma was dead,  or so I thought. Pretty soon,  I married and had three children,  and I thought,  “There goes my diploma. ”

Even so,  I wanted my children to be educated. But Linda,  our youngest child,  had juvenile arthritis (幼年型关节炎) in her hands and knees,  which made it impossible for her to function in a normal classroom. I felt really sorry for her and I didn’t want her to live her life with regret. I didn’t give up hope of her being back to school in some way.  

One day,  I saw an ad in the newspaper for evening courses. “That’s the answer, ” I said to myself. Linda always feels better in the evening,  so I’ll just sign her up for night school.  

Linda was busy filling out enrollment (入学) forms when the secretary said,  “Mrs Schantz,  why don’t you come back to school?”

I laughed, “There’s no way!  I’m 55! ” But he persisted,  and before I knew what I had done,  I was enrolled for classes in English and crafts. “This is only an experiment, ” I warned him,  but he just smiled. So,  I told myself to try for just a semester and to see if it would work. Anyway,  my dream was still there in my heart.

注意:

1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词;

3. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好;

4. 续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1:

It was exciting to go to school again but. . .  

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

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Paragraph 2:

Linda and I saw each other through all these years.  

____________________________________________________________________

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【参考范文】

Paragraph 1:

It was exciting to go to school again but it was no game. Sitting in a classroom full of kids was awkward,  even if most of them were respectful and encouraging. During the day,  I was still a busy married woman having loads of housework to do. In the evening,  I was a hardworking student working on my courses.  To my surprise,  both Linda and I did very well in night school. I went back again the next semester,  and my grades steadily improved.  

Paragraph 2:

Linda and I saw each other through all these years.  When I was down,  Linda encouraged me. “Mom,  you can’t quit now! ” And when she was down,  I encouraged her. I have to say it was a time which was really hard on both of us. But neither of us gave up. At last,  I got my diploma. To my surprise,  almost all of my classmates voted for me to be class speaker,  and I got a $3, 000 college scholarship. The unfinished business in my dreams was eventually finished.