高三英语大一轮复习39-8 Unit 4 pygmalion核心素养测评含解析

核心素养测评  三十九　选修8　 Unit 4　Pygmalion

(限时35分钟)

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

　　Lawrence Ferlinghetti,  the poet,  publisher,  painter,  social activist and bookstore owner,  has been San Francisco’s honored poet. He turned 100 last year,  and the city made preparations to celebrate him in style. Readings and performances and an open house took place at City Lights,  the sacred bookstore he co-founded in 1953.

On March 24,  1919,  Lawrence Ferlinghetti was born in Yonkers,  New York. After spending his early childhood in France,  he received his BA from the University of North Carolina,  an MA from Columbia University,  and a PhD from the Sorbonne.

He is the author of more than thirty books of poetry,  including Poetry as Insurgent Art;A Coney Island of the Mind. He has translated the works of a number of poets,  including Nicanor Parra,  Jacques Prevert,  and Pier Paolo Pasolini. In addition to poetry,  he is also the author of more than eight plays and three novels,  including Little Boy:A Novel,  Love in the Days of Rage and Her.

In 1953,  Ferlinghetti and Peter Martin opened the City Lights bookstore in San Francisco,  California. It became a nerve center for the beats and other writers. Allen Ginsberg,  Jack Kerouac and other writers from that era were Easterners who dropped into San Francisco for a spell. In 2001 it was made an official historic landmark. Now City Lights is almost certainly the best bookstore in the United States. It’s filled with serious world literature of all kinds.

If City Lights is a San Francisco institution,  Ferlinghetti himself is as much of one. As a poet,  he’s never been a critical favorite. But his flexible and plain-spoken and often powerful work—he has published more than 50 volumes—has found a wide audience. His collection “A Coney Island of the Mind” has sold more than 1 million copies,  making it one of the best-selling American poetry books ever published.

【文章大意】这是一篇人物传记类阅读。文章主要介绍了Lawrence Ferlinghetti, 并对他的成就进行了赞扬。

1. What can we learn about Ferlinghetti from Paragraph 2?

A. He had a happy childhood.

B. He received normal education.

C. He had a gift for writing novels.

D. He had written lots of poetry.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第二段After spending his early childhood in France,  he received his BA from the University of North Carolina,  an MA from Columbia University,  and a PhD from the Sorbonne. (在法国度过童年后, 他获得了北卡罗莱纳大学学士学位、哥伦比亚大学硕士学位和索邦大学博士学位。)可推断出, Ferlinghetti接受了正规的教育, 故选B。

2. Which of the following best describes Ferlinghetti according to Paragraph 3?

A. Flexible.  B. Optimistic.

C. Outspoken.  D. Productive.

【解析】选D。推理判断题。由第三段He is the author of more than thirty books of poetry, . . . He has translated the works of a number of poets, . . . In addition to poetry,  he is also the author of more than eight plays and three novels, . . . (他是三十多本诗集的作者, 他翻译过许多诗人的作品。除了诗歌, 他还创作了八部戏剧和三部小说。)这一段介绍了Ferlinghetti的文学成就, 由此推断出, Ferlinghetti非常多产。

3. Why is City Lights famous?

A. Because it is a nerve center for the youth.

B. Because its collections have a long history.

C. Because it is an official historic landmark.

D. Because it has many modern world literature.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。由倒数第二段In 2001 it was made an official historic landmark. (2001年, 它被正式列为官方的历史地标。)可知, City Lights很出名是因为它是官方的历史地标, 故选C。

4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A. To speak highly of a great poet.

B. To introduce some English poetry.

C. To promote values of City Lights.

D. To commemorate the birthday of Ferlinghetti.

【解析】选A。目的意图题。由第一段Lawrence Ferlinghetti,  the poet,  publisher,  painter,  social activist and bookstore owner,  has been San Francisco’s honored poet. (Lawrence Ferlinghetti是旧金山的著名诗人、出版商、画家、社会活动家和书店老板)是全文的主题句, 并结合全文内容, 可知这篇文章主要介绍了Lawrence Ferlinghetti, 并对他的成就进行了赞扬, 故选A。

　　【知识拓展】长难句分析

1. Lawrence Ferlinghetti,  the poet,  publisher,  painter,  social activist and bookstore owner,  has been San Francisco’s honored poet.

分析:the poet,  publisher,  painter,  social activist and bookstore owner是Lawrence Ferlinghetti的同位语。

翻译:劳伦斯·弗林盖蒂, 诗人、出版商、画家、社会活动家、书店老板, 一直是旧金山著名的诗人。

2. His collection “A Coney Island of the Mind” has sold more than 1 million copies,  making it one of the best-selling American poetry books ever published.

分析:making. . . 是结果状语。

翻译:他的诗集《心灵的康尼岛》已经卖出了一百多万本, 直至成为美国有史以来出版的最畅销诗集之一。

B

世纪金榜导学号

Can you trust your very first childhood memories? Maybe not,  a new study suggests.

Past researches show that people’s earliest memories typically form around 3 to 3. 5 years of age. But in a recent survey of more than 6, 600 people,  British scientists have found that 39 percent of participants claimed to have memories from age 2 or younger. These first memories are likely false,  the researchers said. This was particularly the case for middle-aged and older adults.

For the study,  researchers asked participants to describe their first memory and the age at which it occurred. Participants were told they had to be sure the memory was the one that had happened. For example,  it shouldn’t be based on a photograph,  a family story or any source other than direct experiences. Then the researchers examined the content,  language and descriptive details of these earliest memories and worked out the likely reasons why people would claim to have memories from an age when memories cannot form.

As many of these memories dated before the age of 2,  this suggests they were not based on actual facts,  but facts or knowledge about their babyhood or childhood from photographs or family stories. Often these false memories are fired by a part of an early experience,  such as family relationships or feeling sad,  the researchers explained.

“We suggest that what a rememberer has in mind when recalling fictional early memories is. . . a mental representation consisting of remembered pieces of early experiences and some facts or knowledge about their own babyhood or childhood, ” study author Shania Kantar said in a journal news release,  “Additionally,  further details may be unconsciously inferred or added. Such memory-like mental representations come over time,  to be collectively experienced when they come to mind,  so for the individual,  they quite simply are memories,  which particularly point to babyhood. ”

“Importantly,  the person remembering them doesn’t know this is fictional, ” study co-author Martin Conway said “In fact,  when people are told that their memories are false they often don’t believe it. ”

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了最新研究表明, 最初的记忆可能是错误的, 中年人和老年人尤其如此。

5. What can we learn from a recent study?

A. Memories form after the age of 3.

B. Participants are good at telling stories.

C. Adults are likely to form false memories.

D. Earliest memories may play a trick on us.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段可知我们能从最近的一项研究中得知最早的记忆可能会欺骗我们, 故选D。

6. Which source did the researchers require for the earliest memories?

A. A direct experience.

B. A family story.

C. A family photo.

D. A sad feeling.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第三段可知, 研究人员需要直接经历来获得最早的记忆, 故选A。

7. What are these fictional early memories according to Kantar?

A. They are repeated mental representations.

B. They are a collection of early experiences.

C. They are a combination of both facts and fictions.

D. They are further details of remembered experiences.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。由倒数第二段(研究的作者Shania Kantar在一份期刊的新闻稿中说:“我们认为, 一个记忆者在回忆虚构的早期记忆时, 脑子里想的是……一种由记忆中的早期经历片段以及他们自己的婴儿或童年时期的一些事实或知识组成的心理表征。)由此推断出, Kantar认为这些虚构的早期记忆是事实和虚构的结合, 故选C。

8. Which part of a newspaper is this text probably taken from?

A. Society.  B. Psychology.

C. Technology.  D. Health.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章主要讲了最新研究表明, 最初的记忆可能是错误的, 中年人和老年人尤其如此。由此推断出, 这篇文章可能取自报纸的心理学版块, 故选B。

　　　　　　　【知识拓展】佳词积累

1. typically　　　　adv.  典型地;一般

2. participant  n.  参加者;参与者

3. descriptive adj. 描写的;叙述的

4. claim v. /n.  宣称;断言;声明

5. fictional adj.  虚构的, 小说的

6. additionally adv.  此外;额外

7. representation n. 表现;描述

Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　Over the last summer I volunteered at a summer camp for children aged 5 through 12. Every day for six weeks I 　1　 pedal power to conquer the hill known only as Depot. 　2　 I arrived at Abbot School at 7:30, I began my seven-hour day of cleaning,  entertaining and others. By helping these kids and working with other counselors,  I was able to develop a better 　3　 of responsibility not just myself,  but for 　4　 around me.  

In the beginning I helped with a 　5　 of twelve-year-olds. I had a lot of fun because they were the most mature 　6　,  and I could relate to them. They didn’t need as 　7　 help as the younger kids so the director of the camp switched me down to six-year-olds.  

For the 　8　 few years I had been to an adventure camp in the woods of Maine. There I participated in rafting,  rock-climbing,  and sea-kayaking. But nothing could have 　9　 me for working non-stop with 15 six-year-olds. From fights over batting order 　10　 who got to sip from the water fountain 　11　,  we were in a constant 　12　 of noise. I could now understand why parents always seemed to 　13　 a sigh of relief as they dropped off their little bundles of energy every morning.  

For the first summer I was doing something that 　14　 someone else,  and I found more 　15　 in that than any wasted breezy day of summers past.  

During this unique opportunity of giving a 　16　 part of my summer,  I was able to get back so much more. I learned how much my time is really 　17　 and how to take responsibility for myself and 　18　 others. I learned how different each individual is and how needs 　19　. I gained more confidence when I realized I could 　20　 in the real world.  

【文章大意】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了去年夏天, 自己在一个5到12岁儿童的夏令营当志愿者的经历。这次经历使作者收获了许多, 受益匪浅。

1. A. used B. produced

C. wasted D. accumulated

【解析】选A。句意:在六个星期里, 我每天都用踏板的力量去征服那座被称为Depot的小山。use用;produce产生;waste浪费;accumulate积累。故选A。

2. A. Though B. Because C. Once D. If

【解析】选C。句意:一旦我七点半到达Abbot学校时, 我就开始了一天七小时的清洁、娱乐和其他活动。故选C。

3. A. knowledge  B. sense

C. duty  D. sight

【解析】选B。句意:通过帮助这些孩子, 并与其他辅导员一起工作, 我不仅能够培养自己更好的责任感, 而且能够为我周围的人培养责任感。knowledge知识;sense感觉;duty责任;sight景象。故选B。

4. A. any　 　B. ones　 　C. these　 　D. those

【解析】选D。any任何;ones代替上文出现的可数名词复数;these这些;those那些。故选D。

5. A. grade B. group C. class D. pack

【解析】选B。句意:起初, 我帮助一群12岁的孩子。grade年级;group群;class班级;pack包装。故选B。

6. A. campers  B. volunteers

C. teachers  D. guides

【解析】选A。根据Over the last summer I volunteered at a summer camp for children aged 5 through 12. 可知这里意思是我玩得很开心, 因为他们是最成熟的露营者, 我能与他们产生共鸣。camper露营者;volunteer志愿者;teacher教师;guide指南。故选A。

7. A. many B. some C. much D. other

【解析】选C。句意:他们不像年幼的孩子那样需要那么多的帮助, 所以夏令营的负责人把我调到了6岁年龄组。as many as和……一样(修饰可数名词);some一些;as much as和……一样(修饰不可数名词);other其他的。故选C。

8. A. next B. old C. previous D. future

【解析】选C。句意:在过去的几年里, 我参加了缅因州森林里的探险营地。next紧接在后的;old年老的;previous早先的;future未来的。故选C。

9. A. prevented  B. restricted

C. advised  D. prepared

【解析】选D。句意:但没有什么能让我准备好和15个6岁的孩子不停地工作。prevent阻止;restrict限制;advise建议;prepare准备。故选D。

10. A. to B. in C. for D. of

【解析】选A。句意:从为击球顺序争吵到谁先喝喷泉里的水, 我们一直处于嘈杂的状态。from. . . to从……到, 该用法是固定用法, 故选A。

11. A. directly B. first C. politely D. slow

【解析】选B。directly直接地;first首先;politely有礼貌地;slow慢慢地。故选B。

12. A. spirit B. view C. state D. shape

【解析】选C。spirit精神;view观察;state状态;shape形状。故选C。

13. A. bring about  B. result from

C. find out  D. let out

【解析】选D。句意:我现在明白了为什么父母们每天早上放下他们的小淘气包时, 似乎总是会松一口气。bring about引起;result from由……造成;find out找出;let out放出。故选D。

14. A. defeated  B. benefited

C. regretted  D. interested

【解析】选B。句意:第一个夏天, 我做了一些让别人受益的事情, 我从中得到的满足感比以往任何日子都要多。defeat击败;benefit使受益;regret后悔;interest感兴趣。故选B。

15. A. opportunity  B. relationship

C. difference  D. satisfaction

【解析】选D。opportunity 机会;relationship关系;difference不同;satisfaction满足。故选D。

16. A. small B. valuable C. boring D. major

【解析】选A。句意:在我夏天中的一小部分, 给我这个难得的机会, 让我能够得到这么多。small小的;valuable有价值的;boring无聊的;major主要的。故选A。

17. A. short  B. worth

C. necessary  D. unique

【解析】选B。句意:我学会了我的时间是多么宝贵, 学会了如何为自己, 尤其是他人负责。short短的;worth值……的;necessary必要的;unique独特的。故选B。

18. A. particularly  B. merely

C. especially  D. thoroughly

【解析】选C。particularly特别地;merely 只不过;especially尤其;thoroughly彻底地。故选C。

19. A. vary B. improve C. increase D. develop

【解析】选A。句意:我了解到每个人是多么不同, 需求又是多么多样化。vary 变化;improve改善;increase增加;develop进步。故选A。

20. A. create  B. struggle

C. appear  D. survive

【解析】选D。句意:当我意识到我可以在现实世界中生存时, 我获得了更多的信心。create创造;struggle 挣扎;appear出现;survive生存。故选D。

Ⅲ. 语法填空

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 世纪金榜导学号

The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge,  the world’s 1. (long) cross-sea bridge,  enters the history of human engineering and connection as a point of pride upon 2. (it) opening to traffic at 9 am on Oct. 24,  2018.

One day after the opening was announced at a ceremony 3. __________(hold) in Zhuhai,  the bridge’s ports started serving travelers around-the-clock. 4.

(ensure) faster boundary crossings for passengers,  the Macao and Zhuhai ports jointly use a one-off immigration clearance model, 5. __________ allows travelers to queue up only once to finish both exit and entry procedures of the two cities in about 30 6. __________(second).  

Apart 7. __________ private cars,  taxis and goods vehicles,  two types of public transportation—shuttle bus(班车)and cross-boundary coach—can also run on the HZMB. 8. frequency of shuttle buses is about 5-10 minutes during peak hours. Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance 9. (be)available since October 23,  2018. With the bridge now in service,  the traveling time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong International Airport will 10. (shorten) from four hours to 45 minutes,  and the time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong’s Container Terminals will be cut from 3. 5 hours to 75 minutes.  

1. 【解析】longest。考查形容词最高级。由空格前的限定词“the world’s”以及空格后的名词“cross-sea bridge”可知, 空格处填形容词最高级, 意为:世界上最长的跨海大桥。故填longest。

2. 【解析】its。考查物主代词。空格处提示词为it(代词), 空格后单词为名词opening, 它们之间是修饰关系, 所以空格处应该填形容词性物主代词。故填its。

3. 【解析】held。考查过去分词。句中的“a ceremony(典礼)”与hold之间是被动关系, 意为被举行的典礼。故填hold的过去分词形式held。

4. 【解析】To ensure。考查不定式。句意:为确保旅客快速通关, 澳门珠海口岸联合使用了“合作查验、一次放行”的通关模式。这里需要使用不定式作目的状语, 故填To ensure。

5. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。先行词为名词短语“a one-off immigration clearance model”, 先行词在从句中作主语, 而且是非限制性定语从句, 故填which。

6. 【解析】seconds。考查名词的数。“second”在这里意思为“秒”, 为可数名词。所以表达30秒的意思时second需要用复数形式。

7. 【解析】from。考查介词词组。“apart from”作为一个词组, 意为“除……之外”。

8. 【解析】The。考查冠词。句意:班车在高峰时段的频度是5~10分钟一班。这里的frequency特指班车的固定频度, 故填The。

9. 【解析】has been。考查谓语动词。根据句中时间状语since October 23,  2018可知应用现在完成时, 且主语“Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance(提前在网上订班车票)”为单数形式, 故填has been。

10. 【解析】be shortened。考查被动语态。句意:大桥通行后, 珠海到香港国际机场的时间将会从4小时缩短到45分钟。主语 “the traveling time”与shorten之间是被动关系, 故填be shortened。