高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 The world meets China导学案

Unit 3 The world meets China

1．glory n．光荣→glorify v．赞美；美化→glorious adj.辉煌的→gloriously adv.辉煌地；壮丽地

2．boast v．(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有（好的事物）→boaster n．自夸者→boastful adj.浮夸的→boastfully adv.自夸地；浮夸地

3．religion n．宗教→religious adj.宗教的→religiously adv.虔诚地

4．heaven n．天国→heavenly adj.天国的

5．strong  adj.强壮的→strongly adv.强有力地→strength n．力量→strengthen v．加强

1．peak n．高峰，顶点；尖顶adj.高峰时期的，巅峰状态的v.达到最高峰，达到最高值

①She is at the peak of her career.        n.高峰

②the peak of a roof        n.尖顶

③Oil production peaked in the early 1980s.                v.达到最高峰

④March is one of the peak periods for our business.adj.最繁忙的/高峰时期的

2．coverage n．覆盖范围；新闻报道；(保险公司的)保险

①magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics     覆盖范围

②today's newspaper coverage                             新闻报道

③Medicaid health coverage for low­income families         保险

Words and Phrases

　vary vi.变化；不同vt.变更；改变

[教材P26]　The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories to scenes of everyday life.

敦煌壁画的题材多种多样，从宗教故事到日常生活场景都有。

[例1]　The students' work varies considerably in quality.

学生作业的质量相当地参差不齐。

[例2]　The menu varies with the season.

菜单随季节而变动。

[造句]　 班级的数目从25到30不等。

Class numbers vary between 25 and 30.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The school library provides a variety of original works，hoping they will meet the needs of different students.

②The cost has been variously(various)estimated at between ￡10 million and ￡20 million.

③Changes in price normally vary with changes of supply and need.

④Though Lucy and Lily are twins，they vary in character.

⑤The variety of foods at the restaurant is (be)limited，but the amount of each dish is fairly large.

⑥I like reading very much，especially the story books, varying from Chinese stories to English stories (从中国故事到英国故事)．

[小片段填空]

With the development of economy，there are varieties of goods in stores，varying from daily groceries to luxury goods，which greatly enriches people's life.In addition，the goods vary with the season in variety and quantity.

　[教材P27]　Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD，these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.

从公元405年到公元1002年，这些被雪藏的宝藏给我们描述了处在丝绸之路贸易中心时的敦煌。

(1)date from起源于；追溯到

[例1]　All the cupboards and appliances dated from the 1950s.

所有这些橱柜和家用电器都是 20世纪 50 年代的物品。

[例2]　These sculptures must date from the middle of the 7th century.

这些雕刻品肯定可以追溯到7世纪中叶。

[造句]　这座寺庙起源于唐朝。

The temple dates from the Tang Dynasty.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The old town dates (date)back to the late seventeenth century.

②The fact is that your passport has been out of date，so you can't use it.

③Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up to date with modern technology.

④We are visiting an old garden dating from the 12th century(起源于12世纪)．

(2)hidden adj.秘密的；隐秘的；隐藏的

[例1]　Under all the innocent fun，there are hidden dangers，especially for children.

在所有简单无害的娱乐项目背后都隐藏着危险，特别是对儿童而言。

[例2]　As you descend，suddenly you see at last the hidden waterfall.

一直往下走，最终你会突然看到那条隐秘的瀑布。

[造句]　 覆盖着冰的路面对驾驶汽车的人是个危险的隐患。

Icy roads are a hidden danger to motorists.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide)within the work.

②My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding(hide)place I couldn't find.

③Instead，they learn both explicit and hidden(hide)meanings from what they see.

④I feel sure there is something about her past that she is trying to hide from me(她设法对我隐瞒)．

[小片段填空]

The little boy had much difficulty hiding the truth from his parents，so he found a hiding place in the trees to keep himself hidden from them.

　reason n．原因；理由 v．推理；推论

[教材P27]　However，the reason why the Library Cave was sealed up all those years ago remains a mystery.

然而，藏经洞多年前被封的原因仍然是个谜。

[例1]　The reason why he failed in the exam was that he didn't learn it well.

考试失败的原因是他没有学好。

[例2]　I'd like to know the reason why you're so late.

我想知道你为什么迟到这么长时间。

[造句]　 我为什么要帮你？给我一个充分的理由。

Give me one good reason why I should help you.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The reason why we choose this movie is that it represents the development of our beloved school，which is not only interesting but also meaningful.

②That's the reason why more and more people are interested in the Tang Dynasty(为什么越来越多的人对唐代感兴趣)．

　bring...to life使复苏；(使)变得生动；(使)变得有趣

[教材P27]　This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.

本世纪通过一带一路的倡议，丝绸之路重新焕发了生机。

 [例1]　With my pictures I hope to bring to life ancient civilizations.

我希望用我的绘画去再现古代文明。

 [例2]　The prompt use of artificial respiration can often bring a victim of drowning to life.

及时的人工呼吸常能使溺水者苏醒过来。

[造句]　 他的小说把维多利亚时代的生活写活了。

His novels bring the Victorian age to life.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①The reason why the goods are sold at such low prices is that the manufacturers are willing to bring down  the prices in return for big volume of purchases.

②Sharing with friends helped me bring back my confidence and fit in with others.

③The sale of the house only brought in about $45，000.

　[教材P27]　Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.

考虑到世博会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家之间的文化交流和加强相互合作，敦煌是理想的地方。

(1)given adj.已经安排好的；规定的；指定的；所述的；特定的prep.考虑到；鉴于

[例1]　It was surprising the government was reelected，given that they had raised taxes so much.

令人惊奇的是政府把税收提高这么多仍再次当选了。

[例2]　Given her interest in children，teaching seems the right job for her.

考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看来是很适合她的工作。

[造句]　 他们要在规定的时间和地点会晤。

They were to meet at a given time and place.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The burning plastic gave off poisonous gas，which is harmful to our health.

②He wouldn't give out any information(透露任何消息)．

③He's given to going for long walks on his own(独自长距离散步)．

(2)strengthen v．加强；增强；巩固

[例1]　While DNA test will help strengthen people's health consciousness，it is more probable that it will lead to over­anxiety.

尽管DNA检测将有助于增强人们的健康意识，然而也很可能会导致过度焦虑。

[例2]　Yoga can be used to strengthen the immune system.

瑜伽能增强人体免疫系统。

[造句]　 一种观点就是睡眠有助于加强新的记忆。

One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Great determination and ambition are his great strengths (strength)．

②Every morning I'm working out to build up my strength(增强体质)．

[小片段填空]

We strongly feel that many factors determine whether we can succeed in our life and careers，including a strong body and a good personality.Knowing our strength is also very important.But the most important is to strengthen the ties with the people around us.

Sentence Patterns

　介词短语置于句首的倒装句式

[教材P27]　In a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave，were hidden thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls ,as well as silk embroideries.

在一个密封的山洞里，现在被称为著名的藏经洞里，藏着成千上万的手稿、绘画和卷轴，其中包括丝绸刺绣。

句式分析：本句话的正常语序是：Thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls ,as well as silk embroideries were hidden in a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave.。

[例1]　In came a girl，wearing a white skirt.

一个穿着白色裙子的小姑娘走了进来。

[例2]　Into the dark apartment walked my friend，who was quite surprised when everyone shouted Happy Birthday.

我朋友走进了黑暗的房间，当大家喊生日快乐时，他感到很惊讶。

[造句]　 男孩冲出去了。

Out rushed the boy.

注意：

(1)此类用法中的谓语动词一般为be动词或lie，come，go，stand等动词，且句子的主语为名词。

(2)如果句子的主语为人称代词，不用倒装语序。如：

Look at the little dog! Here it runs.

看这条小狗！它跑过来了。

[翻译1]　一些来自中国的科学家出席了会议。

Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.

[翻译2]　这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。

Such is our lively city，which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①Between France and Spain is (be)another mountain range—the Pyrenees.

②There stands(stand)a tree.

③Next door to ours lives(live)a foreign student，who seems to have settled into life in China.

　so...that 引导的结果状语从句

[教材P27]　The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang，such as ceramics，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name just a few.

这些卷轴非常详细，它们描述了从敦煌进口和出口的大量货物，例如陶瓷、医药、香水和水果等等。

句式分析：本句是so...that 引导的结果状语从句。

[例1]　He is so tired that he does not want to go with us.

他太疲劳，所以他不想和我们一起去。

[例2]　He is so dishonest that nobody wants to make friends with him.

他太不诚实了，没有人和他做朋友。

[造句]　 他说得很清楚，每个人都能听懂。

He speaks so clearly that everyone can understand him.

[翻译1]　天气那么晴朗，我们都想去公园。

It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.

[翻译2]　他挣这么少的钱，不能养活一家人。

He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.

②So clever a student was he (他是那么聪明的学生)that he was able to work out all the difficult questions.

　倍数表达方法

[教材P27]　In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be.

到了明朝，贸易路线改变了，敦煌也不像以前那样繁荣了。

句式分析：本句是用了as...as 的结构表达倍数。

[例1]　In other words，there are three times as many girls as boys.

换句话说，女孩的数量是男孩的三倍。

[例2]　The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand.

研究人员发现，笔记本电脑用户记笔记的次数比手写的人要多一倍。

[造句]　 红尺是黄尺的三倍长。

The red ruler is three times as long as the yellow one.

[翻译]　据我所知，这个城市是那个城市的三倍大。

As far as I know，the city is three times as large as that one.

→As far as I know，the city is three times larger than that one.

→As far as I know，the city is three times the size of that one.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①My school has expanded into a big one，which is three times as big as the previous one.

②The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than  traditional garbage as a whole.

③It is wise to have as many good friends as we can.

Thanks to this ancient library，we now know that goods arrived in Dunhuang from as far away as North­east Europe，and that goods were also exported from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe.

分析：本句为复合句，know 的后面接了两个宾语从句第一个是that goods arrived in Dunhuang from as far away as North­east Europe，第二个是that goods were also exported from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe，中间用and 连接。

译文：多亏了这个古老的藏经洞，我们现在知道，货物从遥远的东北欧运抵敦煌，货物也从敦煌出口到亚洲和欧洲。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．This is a law dating (date)from the 17th century.

2．She boasted about/of her collection of china.

3．The old man received religious(religion) education when he was young.

4．What a heavenly (heaven)day!

5．Her mood varied(vary)from optimism to extreme depression.

6．She felt sure the letter had some hidden (hide)meaning.

7．I find it absolutely astonishing(astonish)that you don't like it.

8．Given his age，he's remarkably active.

9．The new teacher brought English to life for us.

10．Her position in the party has strengthened (strengthen) in recent weeks.

Ⅱ.短语填空

cover an area of...；vary from...to...；bring...to life；thanks to；in detail

1．The age of the kids varies from 5 to 10.

2．The reserve covers an area of 1，140 square kilometres.

3．It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.

4．Could you explain it in detail?

5．Flowers can  bring a dull room to life．

Ⅲ.课文语法填空

Dunhuang located in Gansu Province is a centre of cultural and 1.commercial(commerce)exchange and a world­class tourist destination，2.boasting(boast)sites with UNESCO­protected heritage status.Mogao Grottoes 3.were carved(carve)out of the rock over a period of 1，000 years.We can see the elements from Ancient Greece，India and Iran on statues.The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories 4. to scenes of everyday life，of 5. which Apsara is unique to Dunhuang.Apsaras painted during the Tang Dynasty are a reflection of people's  6.confidence (confident)of life.As for Library Cave，discovered inside 7.were (be)many manuscripts，paintings and scrolls.In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes changed，8.so Dunhuang faded little by little.9.Fortunately(fortunate)，Dunhuang 10.has become (become)a global crossroads once again since it hosted the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.