期末测试卷2021-2022学年人教版英语八年级下册（含答案）

这是一份期末测试卷2021-2022学年人教版英语八年级下册（含答案），共15页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读单选，短文语境提示填空，材料作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
期末测试卷
一、单项选择
1．Bill put his hands behind his back, ________ nobody could see his hands.
A．so B．and C．or D．but
2．The musician often says, “The more you practise, the ________ you will sing.”
A．good B．better C．best D．well
3．The Shenzhou XIV mission launched ________ June 5, 2022.
A．on B．in C．of D．at
4．Can you see ________ boy in brown over there? He is my cousin.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
5．—________ is the company from your home?
—About one and a half hours’ ride.
A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far
6．Get your student book and notebook ready, _______?
A．do you B．will you C．don’t you D．won’t you
7．________ they may not succeed, they will try their best.
A．Although B．Until C．When D．Because
8．If you want to keep safe, you _______ always be careful with electricity.
A．can B．may C．could D．must
9．Travelling is interesting and enables people ________ the world better.
A．understand B．to understand C．understanding D．understood
10．Mum didn’t feel like ________ in such hot weather.
A．cook B．to cook C．cooking D．cooked
11．You’d better not talk too loudly as Kathy ________ for her speech competition.
A．is preparing B．will prepare C．was preparing D．has prepared
12．—Don’t forget to ask him to write to me.
— I won’t. As soon as he ________, I’ll ask him to write to you.
A．will come B．came C．comes D．is coming
13．The officer sounded ________ on the phone. He promised to solve this problem.
A．politely B．gently C．friendly D．softly
14．— Are you going to buy the blue shoes?
— No, I prefer red ________.
A．ones B．one C．those D．that
15．You have too ________ sleep. Enough sleep is very important to students.
A．few B．little C．a few D．a little
二、完形填空
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选择一个最佳答案。
More than 700 years ago, Scotland (苏格兰) was fighting with England. The king of England wanted to __16__ Scotland. He had a strong army, so it was __17__ for the Scots to win. The Scots lost many times, and King Robert of Scotland almost wanted to give up.
One rainy day, King Robert __18__ in an old house. He thought that he was not good enough to be king. Suddenly, he __19__ when he saw a spider (蜘蛛) climbing. It was trying to climb up its web at the top of the house but it fell down.
“How sad,” thought King Robert. “The spider is like me. It’s not strong enough.” He watched while the spider climbed up again. It fell down a second __20__.
“Be careful, little spider, or you might die,” he said. “Life is so hard. You’ll never get back to your web.” But the spider __21__ again and again. King Robert watched while it __22__ climbed back to its web. After an hour, the spider got to the middle of the web.
“You are such a great spider,” he said. “If you can make it, so can I. I must __23__ fighting. I won’t let the English win.” He raised __24__ up step by step. Finally he led his people to the road of __25__ and Scotland was free.
Nobody knows if this is a true story. Many parents tell it to their children because they want them to keep trying.
16．A．consider B．control C．develop D．understand
17．A．peaceful B．difficult C．important D．excited
18．A．feared B．collected C．lay D．imagined
19．A．looked through B．looked out C．looked on D．looked up
20．A．break B．time C．force D．climber
21．A．tried B．fell C．practiced D．cheered
22．A．wildly B．easily C．slowly D．simply
23．A．wait for B．put down C．cut off D．keep on
24．A．himself B．myself C．yourself D．herself
25．A．stress B．joy C．success D．argument
三、阅读单选
China has named the nation’s first Mars rover（火星车）Zhurong. For all of us, Zhurong is a suitable name for it.
In an ancient Chinese story, Zhurong had the face of a man and the body of an animal. He rode on two dragons. When he had a big fight with Gonggong, the god of water, Zhurong won. But after the fight, the human world came into complete darkness. Then he brought fire from heaven（天国）to the world.
“Zhurong is regarded as the earliest god of fire in traditional Chinese culture,” a space official said. “The first Mars rover was named Zhurong. The name is a symbol of light and hope for space exploration（探索）in our country, and means to guide humans to continue exploration.”
After leaving the earth last summer, Zhurong will travel around Mars for several months before landing on it in May. In recent years, our country has sent up the world’s first quantum satellite（量子卫星）, and Chang’e-4 has made a soft landing on the moon. We have made great progress in space technology and will build our own space station.
26．The underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refers to “________”.
A．China B．the Mars rover C．the world D．the dragon
27．Zhurong brought________ from heaven to the world.
A．fire B．wars C．water D．animals
28．For China’s space exploration, the name Zhurong is a symbol of ________.
A．a big fight B．complete darkness C．light and hope D．Chinese culture
29．According to the passage, we can know that ________.
A．Zhurong is a bad person in an ancient Chinese story
B．the public don’t like the name Zhurong
C．the writer isn’t proud of China’s space technology
D．China has made great progress in space technology
30．What is the best title for this passage?
A．A Good Name to the First Mars Rover B．The God of Fire
C．Zhurong Fighting with Gonggong D．Zhurong Landed on Mars
阅读以下短文，根据短文内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。
Wendy Sherlock is interested in mountain climbing. She started climbing mountains with her father at the age of seven, and has fallen three times without any injuries(伤害). But after her latest accident last Saturday, she is lucky to be alive.
Wendy has stayed in the hospital for two days after an eight-meter fall from a rock in the Sanderson National Park. She doesn’t remember much about the accident.
“I’ve got quite a serious head injury—that’s the worst thing,” Wendy said. “But I’ve also broken my arms and there is a problem with my left leg.” She doesn’t know how long she will have to stay in the hospital, as the doctors haven’t told her yet. “Maybe I’ll be here for a long time because I hit my head when I fell on the ground(地面). That’s why I can’t remember much about the accident,” she said.
Wendy’s doctor advised her to give up climbing mountains. However, Wendy said she wouldn’t. “I enjoy climbing mountains, and I will continue(继续) doing it,” “I will be more careful in the future. I’ve started to feel better already, and I can’t wait to start climbing again.”
31．Wendy started climbing mountains with her ________ at an early age.
A．mother B．father C．brother D．parents
32．Wendy didn’t hit her ________ in the accident.
A．leg B．arms C．head D．ears
33．Wendy can’t remember much about the accident because she hit her ________.
A．leg B．eyes C．head D．arms
34．From the last paragraph we know Wendy will ________.
A．stop climbing mountains forever B．continue climbing mountains
C．stop climbing mountains at once D．start climbing mountains at once
35．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Wendy likes climbing mountains very much.
B．Wendy is now already well enough to go home.
C．Wendy remembers nothing about the accident.
D．Wendy hurt her right leg in the accident last Saturday.
If a flood (洪水) happens where you live, you need to be prepared. Here’s how to do it.●Make an emergency kit (应急包). Keep it in an easy-to-reach place. It should include things such as water, canned food, a flashlight and first-aid kit.
●Prepare waterproof clothing and a life jacket.
●Put your valuables in waterproof bags and keep them somewhere safe.

Follow these tips to stay out of danger during a flood. ●Look out for flood warnings.
●Go to higher ground and stay there.
●Do not try to walk or drive through flooded areas, as they can be deeper than you think.
●Leave your car. It won’t help you if it gets stuck in the water.

Even after the flood ends, it might not be safe to return home quite yet.●Keep following the latest local news.
●Don’t use electronics until they are fully dry.
●Don’t use or touch anything that the water touched, including food.
●Don’t forget that viruses (病毒) can spread after a flood.

36．What should not go in your emergency kit?
A．Bottled water. B．Valuables. C．Canned food. D．First-aid kit.
37．When a flood comes, you should go to ________.
A．higher ground B．an empty square
C．a riverbank D．an underground station
38．If your car gets stuck in a flood, you should ________.
A．stay inside the car B．try to pull the car out
C．leave it alone D．try to keep the car dry
39．When the flood is over, you should ________.
A．collect food from the water B．turn on lights even if they are wet
C．protect yourself from viruses D．stop wasting time on weather news
40．We will probably read the passage ________.
A．on a notice board B．in a story book
C．in a travel guide D．in a newspaper
四、短文语境提示填空
短文填空，每空一词。将答案写在下面的横线上。
Long long ago, there was a boy called Cao Chong. He was the youngest son of Cao Cao. He was very __41__.
Once, one of Cao Cao’s friends sent him a big elephant. Cao Cao was very happy and thanked him. He looked at the big animal and said to his friends, “What a big and heavy elephant! Can you tell me how to __42__ it?” They thought hard, but __43__ could think of a good way. Just at that moment, Cao Chong was playing games with his brothers. As __44__ as they heard this, they stopped playing. They all tried their best to come up __45__ a way. After a while, Cao Chong thought up a great idea. He asked a man to take the elephant into a __46__, and then he marked a line where the water went up. After that the man took the elephant out of the boat. Cao Chong asked other men to put some stones into the boat __47__ of the elephant. When the water went up to the marked line, he told them to weigh all the __48__. In this way, he could know how __49__ the elephant was. All of Cao Cao’s friends spoke highly of Cao Chong. They thought he would be somebody (大人物) when he __50__ up.
What an interesting story!
五、材料作文
51．Write at least 60 words on the topic “A wonderful place I'd like to introduce”.
（以“我想要介绍的一个好地方”为题写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格。）
（注意: 短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分。）
The following points are only for reference:
①       简要描述你想要介绍的这个地方；
②       以1-2个理由说明你为何要介绍这个好地方。





1．A
【详解】
句意：Bill把手放在背后，所以没有人能够看到他的手。
考查连词。so所以；and和；or或者；but但是。根据“Bill put his hands behind his back”可知，此处应用so，表示“因为Bill把手放在背后，所以没有人能够看到他的手”。故选A。
2．B
【详解】
句意：音乐家常说：“你练习得越多，唱得越好。”
考查副词比较级。good好的，形容词原级；better更好的，good和well的比较级；best最好的，good和well的最高级；well好地，副词原级。该句为“the +比较级，the +比较级”结构，意为“越……，越……”，故此处应用副词well的比较级形式。故选B。
3．A
【详解】
句意：神舟十四号任务于2022年6月5日发射。
考查介词辨析。on后跟具体的某一天；in后跟世纪、年、月、季节等；of属于……的；at后跟具体的时刻。“June 5 2022.”具体到了某一天，其前介词应用on。故选A。
4．C
【详解】
句意：你能看见那边那个穿棕色衣服的男孩吗？他是我的表弟。
考查冠词的用法。根据“boy in brown over there”可知，此处是特指那个穿棕色衣服的男孩，所以用定冠词the。故选C。
5．D
【详解】
句意：——从你家到公司有多远？——大约一个半小时的车程。
考查疑问词辨析。How long多久，问时间；How often多常，问频率；How soon多快，问速度；How far多远，问距离。根据“About one and a half hours’ ride”，可知问的是距离，故选D。
6．B
【详解】
句意：准备好你的课本和笔记本，好吗？
考查反意疑问句。当陈述部分是肯定的祈使句时，反意疑问句通常使用will you或won’t you，will you表示请求语气，近似于“请你”，won’t you表示语气更强烈，也可表示邀请或提醒。题干是使用祈使句表达命令，所以此处使用will you，让命令没那么强硬。故选B。
7．A
【详解】
句意：虽然他们可能不会成功，但他们会尽最大努力。
考查连词辨析。Although尽管；Until直到；When当……时候；Because因为。根据“they may not succeed, they will try their best.”可知，前后两句之间存在让步关系，所以应用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。
8．D
【详解】
句意：如果你想保证安全，你必须时刻小心用电。
考查情态动词辨析。can可以，能；may也许；could能；must必须。根据句中的“keep safe”和“be careful with electricity”可知为了安全就必须小心用电。故选D。
9．B
【详解】
句意：旅行很有趣，可以让人们更好地了解世界。
考查非谓语动词。understand为动词，表示“明白，理解”；enable sb. to do sth.为固定用法，表示“使某人能够做某事”。故选B。
10．C
【详解】
句意：妈妈不想在这么热的天气做饭。
考查动名词作宾语。feel like doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，所以此处使用动名词形式cooking。故选C。
11．A
【详解】
句意：凯西正在准备演讲比赛，你最好不要太大声说话。
考查动词时态。根据句中的“You’d better not talk too loudly”可推知凯西是正在准备，使用现在进行时，结构为be+现在分词；主语为“Kathy”，be动词用is。故选A。
12．C
【详解】
句意：——不要忘记叫他给我写信。——我不会忘记的。他一回来，我就叫他给你写信。
考查动词的时态。句子是“as soon as”引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。主语是“he”，是第三人称单数，表达“来”，从句动词用“comes”。故选C。
13．C
【详解】
句意：警官在电话里听起来很友好。他承诺要解决这个问题。
考查形容词作表语。politely礼貌地，为副词；gently温柔地，副词；friendly友好的，友善的，形容词；softly温柔地，副词。sound是系动词，通常接形容词作表语，故选C。
14．A
【详解】
句意：——你要买那蓝色的鞋子吗？——不，我更喜欢红色的。
考查指示代词的用法。one指代单数名词，表示泛指概念，“同名异物”，其复数形式是ones，ones指代复数名词；those指代可数名词复数，是特指；that指代可数名词单数或不可数名词，也是特指。shoes为复数名词，所以排除B和D项，再分析语境可知空格处泛指“红色的鞋子”，没有具体说哪一双，所以使用ones。故选A。
15．B
【详解】
句意：你睡得太少了。充足的睡眠对学生来说是非常重要的。
考查形容词辨析。few少到几乎没有，修饰复数名词；little少到几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a few一点儿，修饰复数名词；a little一点儿，修饰不可数名词。sleep在此意为“睡眠”，是不可数名词，其前有too修饰，在此应是指“太少睡眠”，用too little sleep来表示。故选B。
16．B
17．B
18．C
19．D
20．B
21．A
22．C
23．D
24．A
25．C
【解析】
本文讲述了700多年前，英格兰想统治苏格兰，并向之开战，英格兰的国王有着强大的军队，所以苏格兰的国王想当逃兵，但当他在一个小房子里躺着，看见一只蜘蛛都能不断尝试最终成功地回到自己的网上，他决定自己也不能放弃尝试，在他的带领下，他的军队越来越强大，最后胜利了。
16．
句意：英格兰国王想要控制苏格兰。
consider考虑；control控制；develop发展；understand理解。根据“Scotland (苏格兰) was fighting with England.”可知，英格兰和苏格兰打仗，是为了控制苏格兰。故选B。
17．
句意：他有一支强大的军队，所以苏格兰人很难取胜。
peaceful和平的；difficult困难的；important重要的；excited兴奋的。根据“He had a strong army”可知，英格兰有强大的军队，所以苏格兰很难取胜，故选B。
18．
句意：一个雨天，国王罗伯特躺在一座老房子里。
feared害怕；collected收集；lay平躺；imagined想象。根据“King Robert…in an old house.”可知，这一段说到罗伯特抬头看到一只蜘蛛在努力趴回自己的网，所以他应该是躺在一座老房子里，故选C。
19．
句意：突然，他抬头看见一只蜘蛛在爬。
looked through浏览；looked out注意；looked on观看；looked up向上看。根据“King Robert lay in an old house”和“It was trying to climb up its web at the top of the house but it fell down.”可知，蜘蛛在向上爬，并且罗伯特是躺在老房子里，所以罗伯特是抬头向上看到了蜘蛛在爬。故选D。
20．
句意：它又掉了下来。
break打破；time次数；force强迫；climber登山者。根据上一段“but it fell down”和“It fell down a second”可知，蜘蛛之前掉下过去一次，所以这是它第二次掉下来，故选B。
21．
句意：但是蜘蛛尝试了一次又一次。
tried尝试；fell摔倒；practiced练习；cheered欢呼。根据“After an hour, the spider got to the middle of the web.”可知，蜘蛛最终爬回了自己的网，所以它是尝试了一次又一次，故选A。
22．
句意：国王罗伯特看着它慢慢爬回网中。
wildly野生地；easily简单地；slowly缓慢地；simply简明地。根据“After an hour, the spider got to the middle of the web.”可知，花了一个小时蜘蛛才爬会自己的网，所以是缓慢地爬回去，故选C。
23．
句意：我必须继续战斗。
wait for等待；put down当下；cut off切断；keep on继续。根据“I won’t let the English win.”可知，罗伯特不打算让英格兰胜利，所以是打算继续战斗，故选D。
24．
句意：他一步一步地站起来。
himself他自己；myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己。根据“He raised…up step by step.”可知，他让自己一步步站起来，根据He可知，应该使用反身代词himself，故选A。
25．
句意：最后，他带领人民走上了成功之路，苏格兰获得了自由。
stress压力；joy乐趣；success成功；argument争论。根据“Scotland was free”可知，罗伯特带领苏格兰人民走上了成功的道路，打败了英格兰，故选C。
26．B
27．A
28．C
29．D
30．A
【解析】
本文介绍了中国第一辆火星车祝融号名字的由来，以及近年来我国太空事业的巨大进步。
26．
词义猜测题。根据“China has named the nation’s first Mars rover（火星车）Zhurong.”，中国命名第一辆火星车为祝融号，后面说这个名字很符合“它”，可知“it”指代火星车。故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据“Then he brought fire from heaven（天国）to the world.”，可知祝融从天上带来了火。故选A。
28．
细节理解题。根据“The name is a symbol of light and hope for space exploration（探索）in our country”，可知祝融这个名字是光和希望的象征。故选C。
29．
细节理解题。根据“We have made great progress in space technology”，可知我们在太空科技方面取得了很大的进步。故选D。
30．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国第一辆火星车取名祝融号的原因。因此“A Good Name to the First Mars Rover”最适合当标题。故选A。
31．B
32．D
33．C
34．B
35．A
【解析】
文章讲述了一个爬山爱好者Wendy Sherlock在一次爬山事故中伤到了她的头部，手臂和左腿，医生建议她放弃爬山，但是她表示在康复后会继续坚持爬山。
31．
细节理解题，根据第一段中“She started climbing mountains with her father at the age of seven,”可知，Wendy小时候和爸爸一起开始去爬山。故选B。
32．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘I’ve got quite a serious head injury—that’s the worst thing,’ Wendy said. ‘But I’ve also broken my arms and there is a problem with my left leg.’”可知，文中提到了她在事故中伤了自己的左腿、手臂和头。所以选项中只有D选项“耳朵”符合题意。故选D。
33．
细节理解题。通过第三段中“‘… because I hit my head when I fell on the ground(地面). That’s why I can’t remember much about the accident,’ she said.”可知，Wendy不太记得那起事故的原因是她的头在倒地的时候受伤了。故选C。
34．
细节理解题。通过“‘I enjoy climbing mountains, and I will continue(继续) doing it,’”可知，Wendy很享受爬山，会继续坚持爬山。故选B。
35．
推理判断题。通过最后一段中“‘I enjoy climbing mountains, and I will continue(继续) doing it,’ ‘I will be more careful in the future. I’ve started to feel better already, and I can’t wait to start climbing again.’”可知，即便医生建议Wendy放弃爬山，Wendy仍然表示享受爬山并会坚持下去，并且已经等不及想要再去爬山了，所以看得出她非常喜欢爬山。故选A。
36．B
37．A
38．C
39．C
40．D
【解析】
本文讲述洪水爆发时和结束后人们应该怎么做。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Make an emergency kit. Keep it in an easy-to-reach place. It should include things such as water, canned food, a flashlight and first-aid kit”可知，你的应急包里里面应该包括水、罐头食品、手电筒和急救箱等物品，B选项“贵重物品”不包括。故选B。
37．
细节理解题。根据“Head to higher ground and stay there. Do not attempt to walk or drive through flooded areas, as they can be deeper than you realize”可知，当洪水来临的时候，你应该往高处走，待在那里。故选A。
38．
细节理解题。根据“Leave your car. It won’t help you if it gets stuck in the water”可知，如果你的车被困在洪水中，那就尽快离开它。故选C。
39．
推理判断题。根据“Don’t use electronics until they are fully dry. Do not use or touch anything that the water touched, including food. Don’t forget that viruses can spread after a flood”可知，洪水结束后，不要使用电子产品、不要使用或触摸任何被水接触过的东西，别忘了洪水过后病毒会传播。可推断洪水过后，你需要保护自己远离病毒。故选C。
40．
推理判断题。根据“If a flood happens where you live, you need to be prepared. Here’s how to do it”可知，本文主要讲述如果你住的地方发生了洪水，你应该怎么做。可推断来自报纸。故选D。
41．smart##clever
42．weigh
43．nobody
44．soon
45．with
46．boat
47．instead
48．stones
49．heavy
50．grew
【解析】
本文讲述曹冲称象的故事。
41．
句意：他很聪明。根据下文内容可知，他很聪明，smart/clever“聪明的”符合句意；故填smart/clever。
42．
句意：你能告诉我怎么称它。根据“ he told them to weigh”可知，是称象，weigh“称重”符合句意；故填weigh。
43．
句意：他们想得很努力，但没有人能想出一个好办法。根据“but”可知，没有人想出办法，nobody“没有人”符合句意；故填nobody。
44．
句意：他们一听到这个，就停止了玩。根据“they stopped playing”可知，一听到就停止了玩耍，as soon as“一……就”符合句意，故填soon。
45．
句意：他们都想尽办法想办法。come up with“想出”，故填with。
46．
句意：他让一个人把大象带上船，然后在水上升的地方画了一条线。根据“After that the man took the elephant out of the boat.”可知，带上一个船，boat“船”符合句意；故填boat。
47．
句意：曹冲让其他人在船上放一些石头来代替大象。根据“put some stones into the boat”可知，用石头代替大象，instead of“代替”符合句意；故填instead。
48．
句意：当水涨到标线的时候，他让他们称一下所有的石头。根据“When the water went up to the marked line”可知，称所有的石头，结合all，需要名词复数，stones符合句意；故填stones。
49．
句意：这样，他就知道大象有多重了。根据全文内容可知，知道大象有多重，heavy“重”符合句意；故填heavy。
50．
句意：他们认为他长大后会出人头地。根据“would be somebody (大人物)”可知，需要动词过去式，应该是长大后会是大人物，grew符合句意；故填grew。
51．例文:
A wonderful place I'd like to introduce
I would like to introduce the Great Wall to you. It is one of the greatest wonders of the world, which attracts a lot of visitors every year. Besides, it has a long history of about 2,700 years. Just like a long dragon, it winds up and down across deserts, grasslands, mountains and plateaus, stretching approximately 21,196 kilometers from east to west of China. If you go to the Great Wall, you can feel the wisdom and courage of the Chinese.
【详解】
1.题干解读：该题目属于应用文写作，写作时要按应用文格式写。在写作时开头引出我想要介绍长城；接下来表达我想要介绍长城的原因；最后介绍去长城参观，会感受到中国人的智慧和勇敢。
2.例文点评：例文采用一段式；用第一、三人称来介绍长城；时态采用一般现在时，介绍长城的历史，长度，跨过的地形。文中叙述完整且条理清晰。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。
3.高分亮点：
短语：would like to，introduce sth to sb，a long history of，up and down，from…to…。
句型：定语从句which attracts a lot of visitors every year；条件状语从句If you go to the Great Wall。