高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 A glimpse of the future同步训练题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 A glimpse of the future同步训练题，共6页。

Researchers frm the Water，Peace and Security Partnership (WPS) have annunced the creatin f a glbal frecasting tl that can predict where cnflicts arising frm water insecurity are mst likely t break ut. The system uses artificial intelligence t create patterns frm a wide range f gegraphical and sci­ecnmic data and can identify ptential cnflict htspts up t a year in advance.
Susan Schme，a senir lecturer at Delft Institute fr Water Educatin, which leads the WPS, explains predicting these types f cnflicts isn't as simple as it might first appear. It isn't simply a case f cnflicts increasing every time a water security incident ccurs. Several reginal and cultural factrs als play a part, making predictin difficult.
The researchers tested the AI tl in Mali. They fund that it predicted mre than three­quarters f the water­related cnflicts there. T achieve this, the system is fed with a variety f data. “First there's the natural side f things—s rainfall data, sil misture and many ther natural factrs，” explains Schme. This enables it t identify areas where availability f water is likely t becme a cncern.
“Then we als lk at vulnerability in terms f sci­ecnmic and plitical develpments—anything frm a regime type t the state f develpment in a regin，” she adds. This additinal infrmatin is weighed up t determine whether it increases r decreases the chance f cnflict. Other factrs might include whether the water insecurity is likely t affect crps.
The tl is just ne part f a wider WPS prject that aims t increase the availability f infrmatin which culd help avid water­related cnflicts. Once artificial intelligence has made its predictins the WPS researchers use ther analytical tls t zm­in n a certain regin and find ut exactly what's driving water insecurity. This might be decreased rainfall，increased ppulatin，r water might be being diverted away frm a cmmunity.
The designers are nw underging final tests f the new AI tl t make sure it's ready fr a Nvember launch date. Once widely available，Schme hpes that it will be used by lcal gvernments and als by internatinal rganisatins with an interest in maintaining glbal stability.
1．What is the functin f the tl?
A．Cllecting all kinds f data.
B．Predicting cnflict htspts.
C．Ensuring security f water.
D．Stpping fractures f water pipes.
2．Hw did the AI tl wrk in Mali?
A．The gvernment discurages it.
B．Mre imprvement is needed.
C．It wrks quite effectively.
D．It attracts public attentin.
3．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Peple's attitude t the AI tl.
B．The study prcess f the AI tl.
C．Designers f the AI tl.
D．The future f the AI tl.
B
There was nce a girl named Ivy. She hardly talked. There was smething strange abut her. During “ Parent and Teacher Meeting Day”， nly her mm wuld cme nt her dad. When she was asked abut her father, she wuld just ignre the questin.
Ivy was bullied (欺凌) a lt. She wuld hide in the library when the bullying made her sad. She wrte many pems because it was her nly surce f relief frm the cld reality. It was her dream t be a pet.
The schl year came t an end. It was Ivy's least favrite schl day, “ Parent and Teacher Meeting Day”. A student asked where her dad was, and she ignred him and tld the class that she was ging t recite a pem.
My father
My father was a happy man, never mad.
Did I ever tell yu he was a fireman?
He saved lives and helped the pr.
This makes me lve him mre.
He always made me happy，
By surprising me with white lilies.
He was a great dancer.
T bad I culd nt see him because f his cancer.
D nt wrry, Father.
Yu are never t far.
Because yu're always in my heart.
The whle class was silent. N ne knew what they felt. Was it sadness? Was it guilt? Was it pity? Fr a mment, they thught they culd see her father. He gave her a white lily and disappeared int thin air.
The whle class wh was amazed by this sight gave her a rund f applause (鼓掌). She was very happy because she felt light­hearted. The whle class learned smething and that is t always cherish yur lved nes because yu never knw when they might leave yu.
4．What was strange abut the girl?
A．She hardly talked.
B．She was ften bullied.
C．She wuld ignre questins.
D．She rarely mentined her father.
5．Why did she write many pems?
A．Because she was a pem enthusiast.
B．Because she had t release her emtins.
C．Because she was required t d s.
D．Because she was a pet at an early age.
6．What d we knw abut her father frm the pem?
A．He died f cancer.
B．He went t a faraway place.
C．He was nce mad at the little girl.
D．He cared little abut thers' interests.
7．What is the message cnveyed in the text?
A．Never tease ther peple.
B．Learn t appreciate pems.
C．Value thse yu lve.
D．Practice kindness in daily life.
C
Next time yu raise an eyebrw at the views f yur partner, friend, sibling (兄弟姐妹) r clleague, remember they culd be helping t make yu smarter. New research shws that intelligence is nt fixed but can be imprved thrughut adulthd by family members, bright mates and intellectually stretching careers.
The study challenges the cmmnly held pinin that intelligence is “static” (静止的) by the age f abut 18. Current ideas suggest that intelligence is cntrlled by genes, with envirnmental factrs such as schling and nutritin playing a part up t this age. After this pint, IQ scres becme steady.
But Prfessr James Flynn believes intellectual stimulatin (刺激) frm thers is imprtant as the brain seems t be rather like a muscle—the mre yu use it, the strnger it gets. Hwever, the ppsite is als true—s peple wh share a hme r wrkplace with the intellectually challenged risk seeing their IQ levels drp as a result.
Flynn analyzed US intelligence tests frm the last 65 years and cnnected the results with peple's ages. This enabled him t cllect new IQ “age tables” . A bright ten­year­ld with siblings f average intelligence will suffer a five t ten pint IQ disadvantage cmpared t a similar child with equally bright siblings, the “age tables” shwed. Hwever, children with a lw IQ culd gain six t eight pints by having brighter siblings and special educatinal treatment.
Prfessr Flynn said, “As yu leave childhd behind, a large part f yur intelligence is nw in yur wn hands. Yur IQ can vary thrugh life accrding t yur wn effrts. S even in yur late twenties and beynd, yur IQ is very much yur wn.”He prved since 1930 the intelligence f ppulatins has resulted in an average IQ rise by three pints a decade.
8．Hw can yu imprve yur intelligence?
A．By scializing with bright peple.
B．By finding a physically challenging jb.
C．By having a partner, a friend r a sibling.
D．By wrking with the intellectually challenged.
9．Which f the fllwing statements can best reflect Flynn's IQ “age tables”？
A．He that climbs high falls heavily.
B．He wh risks nthing gains nthing.
C．He wh des nt advance lses grund.
D．Keep gd men cmpany, and yu shall be f the number.
10．Which wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．When Yur Intelligence Remains Unchanged
B．Hw Yu can Make Yurself Lk Clever
C．Why Clever Friends Make Yu Smarter
D．What Happens t Yur Intelligence
课时作业(十二)
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球预测工具——AI工具预测水安全问题。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段“the creatin f a glbal frecasting tl that can predict where cnflicts arising frm water insecurity”以及“can identify ptential cnflict htspts”可知，预测冲突热点地区是预测工具的功能。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段“They fund that it predicted mre than three­quarters f the water­related cnflicts there.”可知，AI工具能有效预测。结合选项，故选C项。
3．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。根据第六段“The designers are nw underging final tests f the new AI tl t make sure it's ready fr a Nvember launch date.”可知，AI工具正在接受测试，确保准备好11月的试验。故选D项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文。名叫Ivy的女孩很少提及她的父亲，就连家长会也都是她的母亲参加，这让大家很奇怪。一次家长会上，她给大家读了一首自己创作的诗歌，大家的疑惑才得以消除，并由此懂得了要珍惜眼前人这一道理。
4．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，她很少提及自己的父亲，而且都是她的母亲出席家长会，当问及和父亲相关的问题时，她也总是选择回避。
5．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“because it was her nly surce f relief frm the cld reality.”可知，诗歌创作是她发泄情绪的唯一途径。
6．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据诗歌中的“T bad I culd nt see him because f his cancer./D nt wrry, Father./Yu are never t far./Because yu're always in my heart.”可知，她的父亲在和癌症做斗争时不幸去世了。
7．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，作者想通过这篇文章传达一个信息：我们不知道未来和意外哪一个会先来，所以要珍惜当下，珍惜眼前人。
C
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。新的研究指出，智力不是固定不变的，而是可以通过家庭成员、聪明的伙伴以及拓展智力的事业来提高的。
8．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。由第一段中的“New research shws that intelligence is nt fixed but can be imprved thrughut adulthd by family members, bright mates and intellectually stretching careers.”可知，A选项中的与聪明的人打交道正确。
9．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。由第四段中Flynn的研究结果可知，他的IQ“age tables”揭示了“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”的道理。
10．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一个人的智力不像人们认为的那样到了一定的年龄就不再改变了。拥有聪明的朋友、同事或者家人等都有助于你提高自己的智力。